Broadband Seismic Reprocessing for Improved Imaging, a Case Study, Mediterranean Sea, Offshore Egypt

The Eastern Mediterranean has become a key hydrocarbon province, requiring high-fidelity seismic imaging for accurate structural interpretation. This study reprocessed thirteen legacy surveys (∼35,000 km²) into a unified regional broadband dataset. The input comprised multi-sensor and hydrophone-only streamer acquisitions with varying offsets, azimuths, and source configurations. A consistent processing sequence was applied to mitigate acquisition variability and enhance bandwidth, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio.

Preprocessing included noise attenuation, designature, and adaptive deghosting to recover low frequencies and stabilize the wavelet for AVO analysis. Multiples were addressed using a hybrid approach combining wavefield extrapolation and 3D full-azimuth SRME with large modeling apertures and adaptive subtraction to handle complex salt and seafloor topography. Data matching and regularization ensured offset continuity and azimuthal coverage prior to migration.

Velocity model building employed a depth-sequential strategy integrating FWI, CIP tomography, and iterative salt interpretation with flooding. This approach improved top-of-salt definition and pre-salt imaging consistency. Final Kirchhoff PSDM volumes exhibit significant uplift in sub-salt illumination, structural continuity, and amplitude fidelity compared to legacy products, demonstrating the value of modern broadband depth imaging for regional-scale interpretation and prospect evaluation.