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The study focuses on the characterization of source rocks in the Vaca Muerta formation in Argentina, utilizing portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data and compact neural networks to predict total organic carbon (TOC) content. Annually, between 300 and 500 meters of core samples are analyzed, generating 3000 to 5000 portable XRF measurements and approximately 300 TOC measurements using Rock Eval 6. TOC is a crucial parameter in the exploration and characterization of unconventional reservoirs.
The proposed method combines carefully curated geochemical data and expert knowledge to train a neural network with a dataset of 1081 samples. Each sample includes specific REDOX elements from the XRF as inputs and the measured TOC obtained through pyrolysis as the output. The training process involves several stages, including dataset splitting, normalization, and defining the neural network architecture.
Results indicate that it is possible to predict TOC with an accuracy of 88%, allowing for the generation of continuous, high-density TOC profiles. This methodology accelerates data acquisition and provides a significant density of data to improve models and support decision-making