oa The Hydrographic Network of the Left Bank of the Middle Dnipro: Historical Dynamics and Current State

This paper presents a retrospective analysis of the transformation of the river system of the left tributaries of the Middle Dnieper over the XIX – early XXI centuries. The study is based on the cartographic method, involving the overlaying of maps from different time periods and satellite images (1985–2020). The total river network length, the number of watercourses, and river density have been calculated for the entire left-bank Middle Dnieper region and for key river basins. The research highlights significant changes due to climate change and human activity, particularly the construction of reservoirs, ponds, and drainage channels, which have led to the disappearance of over 500 watercourses in the study region. Overall, the river network length has been reduced by 3,187 km over the past 150–200 years.