oa Toward Full Waveform Inversion of Controlled-source Electromagnetic Exploration to Realistic Scale

A 3D full waveform inversion method is presented using controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) method. Using data from a synthetic model, we demonstrate that conductive anomalies around subsurface could be estimated. We discussed the resolution of our CSEM inversion method, considering the orientation of the dipoles of transmitter and receivers. The synthetic inversion examples show that horizontal source dipole gives high resolution for horizontal position of anomaly. We also find that vertical transmitter gives high resolution for deeper position of anomaly. When the 3-components transmitter’s model gradients are considered, the inversion result have high resolution for horizontal and vertical positions. These differences of the inversion results are explained considering the orientation of electric flux. From numerical results, we consider that it is efficient to employ different oriented dipoles of transmitter and receivers for accurate inversion.