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3rd EEGS Meeting
- Conference date: 09 Aug 1997 - 11 Aug 1997
- Location: Aarhus, Denmark
- ISBN: 978-94-6282-128-6
- Published: 09 August 1997
61 - 80 of 124 results
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The application of geostatistical methods to the hydrological interpretation of geoelectrical soundings
Authors E. Brückl, R. Dutter, A. Schiller, D. Bechtold, J. Dölzmüller and M. LumasseggerDuring the planning of a new railway line through Tirol, Austria comprehensive multidisciplinary hydrological studies were carried out. The goal of these activities was the establishinent of hydrological models to simulate the potential influence of the planned railway line on the existing groundwater regime. One part of these investigations were conventional geoelectrical soundings. In this paper we describe the application of geostatistical methods to the hydrological interpretation of the geoelectrical data and we analyze the impact of the geoelectrical information on the final hydrological model.
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TEM and MEP methods - application examples from Denmark
Authors F. F. Pedersen and M. HalkjærThe TEM and MEP methods are being applied in Denmark. The Danish geology is characterized by thick sedimentary deposits from the quaternary and tertiary period, and in most parts of the country no hard rock is present. The TEM method has been intensively applied for delimitation of aquifers, which often have boundaries of day with low resistivities. The method have also been applied for general hydrogeological mapping, and surveys for deep saltwater in the aquifers.
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Geophysical measurements as efficient tools for hydrogeological investigations
Authors E. Castillo, H. Figdor, K. -H. Roch and R. SpendlingwimmerIn a number of regions the endangering of groundwater reservoirs has been increased considerably by emerging of extensive residential areas in the neighbourhood of big cities or by means of accidents during the transport of dangerous goods. By this for water supply of a region hydrogeological investigations of water resources have become much more significant in recent years. Detailed knowledge of hydrogeological conditions is not only important for estimation of aquifer capacity but also an essential requirement for effective measures of protection and redevelopment.
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Reservoir site selection and monitoring during construction with applied geophysics
By S. PennThe resent period of lower than average rainfall in the United Kingdom, together with changes in commercial factors and land use policy have been contributory aspects to an increased rate of the construction of water reservoirs for agricultural use in Eastern England.
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Below-liner geophysical monitoring at a landfill site in the UK
Authors S. B. Taylor and R. D. BarkerThe UK's first electrical monitoring system to be permanently installed below the geomembrane liner of a landfill site has now been operational for two years. The system, developed jointly by Aspinwall and Company, the University of Birmingham and Campus Geophysical Instruments, is installed at a site operated by Cleanaway Ltd and consists of a basic 20 m grid of electrodes emplaced below a 0.3 m layer of Bentonite enriched sand (BES), underlying a 2.5 mm thick HDPE geomembrane liner. Similar systems have been developed and used in the United States (e.g. Van et. aL, 1991), and elsewhere in Europe (e.g. Frangos, 1994).
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Geophysical measurements as Swedish and Estonian landfills - case studies from four sites
Authors J. Aaltonen and B. OlofssonLandfills have been, and are, the most used solution for waste disposal. There is, though, a growing concern about effects landfills have on the environment. A serious problem occurring is leakage, with its possibility to contaminate nearby aquifers.
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Geostatistical and geophysical modelling of the Oitti DNAPL spill site, Southern Finland
Authors E. Laine and M. PeltoniemiIn the 1950's and 1960's about 10,000 litres of dry cleaning solvent was disposed of in a well or in pits (s1) near the town center at Oitti, southern Finland (Fig. 1). The groundwater was found contarninated in 1992 when a regional groundwater quality survey was done in the region.
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Investigations of oil pollution with electrical prospecting methods
Authors I. N. Modin, V. A. Shevnin, A. A. Bobatchev, D. K. Bolshakov, D. A. Leonov and M. L. VladovThe most widespread source of pollution in Russia is the oil pollution. It occurs at all stages of oil production, transportation and processing. Outflows, proceeding during decades result to formation of oil secondary deposits.
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High-resolution, high-fold seismic reflection profile across a landfill
Authors R. De Iaco, H. Horstmeyer and A. GreenFast and inexpensive methods for exarnining waste disposal sites are becoming increasingly important. We have tested reflection seismic techniques for mapping the depth extent of a landfill.
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Finite-difference modelling of ground-penetrating radar data: antenna radiation patterns
Authors K. Holliger and T. BergmannWe present a FDTD algorithm to model the near-field radiation characteristics of dipole antennas. The antenna is represented as a wire with a small gap in the middle. The initial condition is given by a time-variable voltage pulse fed into the central gap in the wire. The resulting E-field in the gap can be calculated analytically, whereas the E- and H-fields in the vicinity of the wire are evaluated by numerical solution of an integral representation of Maxwell's equations. Integration contours and surfaces are defined by the cells surrounding the wire.
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Ground penetrating radar in pipeline river crossing design. A case study from the jungles of Ecuador
More LessA ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey was conducted to delineate sub-bottom geological strata for a pipeline river crossing project in Ecuador. The primary purpose of this investigation was to map a thick gravel layer underlying sands and silts to a total depth of over 40 metres. Despite significant depth requirements and logistical difficulties, radar data of excellent quality were acquired. This allowed the production of river crossing profiles which were believed to be of greater accuracy and detail than those generated by traditional geotechnical methods.
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Monitoring controlled DNAPL-contaminations using GPR
Authors V. Mayer, K. -J. Sandmeier and H. WilhelmThe Versuchsanstalt für Grundwasser- und Altiastensanierung (VEGAS) in Stuttgart, Germany, provides excellent conditions to test various methods which are designed to monitor, probe and clean aquifers. In December 1996 an experiment was carned out at a water-saturated model aquifer to monitor firstly the infiltration of 100 litres of Trichiorethene (TCE) and secondly the remediation of the model aquifer.
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Planning and constructing gas mains using GPR
By H. WeitzelIn general gas pipes are planned and constructed under strong economical conditions. The more information you get in front of a project the more the economy will increase. According to innovative technologies the planning bas become different and more demanding.
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Precipitation of salts in masonry mapped with georadar
By F. AndreasenThe church at the Christiansborg castle in Copenhagen suffered from a major fire in 1992. The fire was caused by a small emergency flare fired from a boat in the harbour during the local carnival. During the reconstruction of the church an ornamental marble-like mortar used on the inside walls became miscoloured apparently because of a too high water content in the thick masonry.
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Aerial features removing from ground penetrating radar profiles
Authors G. Boutard, C. Camerlynck, M. Dabas, M. Descloîtres and H. RobainThe Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has demonstrated its particular ability for many sub-surface investigations. Nevertheless, even in the case of an optimal response from the ground, the image is sometimes disturbed by unwanted features (Sun and Young, 1995). Data processing is then a mandatory way to enhance the useful information inside the radargram. Aerial features are one of the noises encountered using non-shielded antennas.
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Use of seismic refraction method in environmental geophysics
By S. StanicSeismic refraction method is used in environmental geophysics in order to make a precise reconstruction and true interpretation of investigated area. For this, it is neccessary to apply the most modern and very complex procedures and techniques of seismic exploration. One the basic methods within seismic investigations and exploration is seismic refraction method. Without its application it is very difficult to solve problems within geological media, to define precisely investigated area. The method is widely used in environmental geophysics.
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Leaking modes in near-surface seismic surveys
By M. RothIn many seismic surveys the part of the signal following the first break has a multicyclic, 'shingled', and dispersive nature. Particulary in high--resolution seismic surveys these shingled wavetrains limit the offset-time window for observation of refiected waves and therefore are generally treated as source generated noise.
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Soils elastic parameters: A parallel between in-situ and laboratory measurements
More LessMeasuring geotechnical parameters in a borehole and in particular the elastic properties is a goal for niany geophysicists. This technique would have several advantages: it would give valuable information for geotechnical engineering design, such as a continuous set of data with depth, showing soft and stuff zones.
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