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2nd EAGE International Conference KazGeo
- Conference date: 29 Oct 2012 - 31 Oct 2012
- Location: Almaty, Kazakhstan
- ISBN: 978-90-73834-37-8
- Published: 29 October 2012
21 - 40 of 84 results
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Shale Formations Deformation During Period of Field Development
Authors O.P. Davydova, A.V. Gorodnov and V.N. ChernoglazovПри разработке продуктивной залежи на режиме истощения пластовое давление в коллекторе снижается, а в низкопроницаемой глинистой покрышке сохраняется начальное поровое давление, в результате чего на границе коллектор - вмещающая порода образуется вертикальный градиент давления. Это приводит к отжиманию флюида из вмещающих пород в эксплуатируемый пласт-коллектор и необратимому уплотнению покрышки.
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Log Appliance in Detection of the Sequence Stratigraphic Zones and Facies Analysis of the Sediments - Kumkol Deposit, Kazakhstan - As a Case Study
Authors S.A. Istekova, A.A. Baidauletova and R.A. MussayevИсследования посвящены использованию петрофизических связей для геологической интерпретации результатов геофизических исследований скважин на месторождениях углеводородов. В работе проведена оценка возможности применения результатов геофизических исследований скважин и анализ полученного петрофизического материала для выполнения литолого-фациального и формационного анализа осадочных отложений месторождений нефти и газа на примере месторождения Кумколь (Казахстан).
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Evaluation of Rock Properties and Rock Structures in the µ-range with sub-µ X-ray Computed Tomography
Authors G. Zacher, M. Halisch and T. MayerIn recent years high resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) for geological purposes contribute increasing value to the quantitative analysis of rock properties. Especially spatial distribution of minerals, pores and fractures are extremely important in the evaluation of reservoir properties. The possibility to visualize a whole plug volume in a non-destructive way and to use the same plug for further analysis is undoubtedly currently the most valuable feature of this new type of rock analysis and will be a new area for routine application of high resolution X-ray CT in the near future. The paper outlines new developments in hard- and software requirements for high resolution CT. It showcases several geological applications which were performed with the phoenix nanotom and recently phoenix nanotom m, the first 180 kV nanofocus CT system tailored specifically for extremely high-resolution scans of samples up to 240 mm in diameter and weighing up to 3 kg with voxel-resolutions down to <300 nm.
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APERM - Permeability From Production Logs
Authors S.D. Jenkins, S.D. Jenkins*, M. Sullivan, D. Belanger, M. Skalinski and I. TussupbayevEstimation of effective permeability at the reservoir scale has been a long standing challenge in carbonate fields. The carbonate depositional and diagenetic history can be quite complex, and this can lead to a permeability field which is quite difficult to characterize. Permeability in vuggy or fractured intervals can be dramatically different from the matrix permeability measured in core plugs. However realistic estimates of oil recovery, and optimized reservoir management requires good estimates of the reservoir permeability. Accurate prediction of permeability from well logs and core plugs is notoriously difficult in carbonate reservoirs. In the Tengiz field, a giant carbonate reservoir in western Kazakhstan, a method has recently been developed to calculate apparent permeability (APERM) based on flow rate from production (PLT) logs. Incorporation of this flow calibrated apparent permeability into the static geologic earth model offers an elegant solution to the long-standing problem of how to best incorporate dynamic PLT data into a reservoir model. A reservoir model recently built using APERM resulted in a step change improvement over previous methods where only static log based permeability transforms were used to populate the earth model.
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Deliverability of Ground Water Wells in Confined Aquifers of Fractional (Non-integer) Spatial Dimensions
By T.A. JelmertFlow in a sparsely fractured reservoir is analyzed by a simplified conceptual model of a single space variable. The fracture network does not fill Euclidian space. The non-filling property shows up as fractional (non-integer) spatial dimensions. The fractal model applies for self-similar geometries. Fractional reservoirs can be described by power law trends. These may have a variety of origins. Fracture architecture, changing flow area and variable rock properties may contribute to power-law dependency. We use fractal nomenclature to formulate the mathematical model. The resulting analytical solutions are valid for any reservoir that may be characterized by power law expressions. Many realizations may give rise to the same power law expressions. Hence the resulting analytical expression is the expected or an average solution. A generalized inflow performance relationship based on single term power law functions has been proposed. The simplicity of the functions facilitates integration of Darcy’s law. The productivity of wells during steady and pseudo steady state flow is investigated. Production rates are proportional to PI. Possible improvements of the productivity index are of obvious importance. We study the effect of a variation in the power law exponent and external radius.
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Carbonates Basins of the Caspian Depression - Geological Sedimentation Model
More LessКарбонатные резервуары Прикаспийской впадины содержат уникальные по запасам скопления нефти, газа и конденсата. Carbonates tanks of the Near-Caspian hollow contain unique on stocks of a congestion of oil, gas and a condensate. Ключевые слова: Прикаспийская впадина, резервуары, нефть, газ, конденсат Keywords: the Near-Caspian hollow, tanks, oil, gas, a condensate
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Karachaganak Field - Lower Permian Modelling
Authors F. Ibragimov, F. Bigoni, C. Albertini, A. Francesconi, V. Tarantini, G. Tumbarello and F. VillaThe reservoir characterisation of Karachaganak Lower Permian pinnacles has been performed using an object modeling workflow, differentiating massive bioherm facies vs. bedded facies. The integration between geological data and dynamic data allowed, through dynamic simulations, a revision and tuning of geological concepts and assumptions. This approach allowed describing the fast pressure decline observed at wells with a geological meaningful model. The former use of local compartments, not geologically supported and just defined “a posteriori” to hit the History Match, has been dropped and a Reservoir Model, statistically reliable for the not appraised areas, has been defined.
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Seismic Geomorphology of Microbial-dominated Margin and Slope Environments around an Isolated Platform, Tengiz Field
A newly acquired 3D seismic dataset over the Tengiz Field, Kazakhstan, has been interpreted to better understand the heterogeneity and complexity of carbonate margin, slope, and basinal environments. Initial iterative plan-view and cross-sectional mapping approaches coupled with better seismic imaging revealed features that are novel and impact reservoir characterization. New observations on stratigraphy and geomorphology are integrated with concepts from outcrop analogs, well data and provide critical new insights that support modify new generation of geological models including the sequence stratigraphy framework, lithofacies distribution and presence and occurrence of fractures and cavernous porosity.
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Interpretation of a Dextral Strike Slip Fault System for Fracture Prediction in the Kozhasay Field, Pre Caspian Basin
Authors O. Klarner, E. Khabibulin and A. ShestakovThe interpretation of the fault system and the respective tectonical stress regime of a HC exploration prospect or HC field are of high importance for understanding the structure, type and direction of faults and occurrence of associated fractures. This has a significant impact on the number of wells to be drilled and on the direction of the well path aiming at the maximum cut of fractures to achieve best possible flow rate. The paper represents a methodical approach of interpreting the fault pattern being present on regional, sub-regional and field levels. This approach also allows for predicting undiscovered structural trends and faults of sub-seismic scale.
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Fractures in Steep-rimmed Carbonate Platforms: Tengiz Reservoir, Kazakhstan and Outcrops in Canning Basin, NW Australia
More LessNatural fractures bear significant influence on productivity in Tengiz field, which is one of several giant light-oil accumulations trapped in isolated carbonate platforms in the Pricaspian Basin of Kazakhstan. Outcrop analogs are particularly important for understanding reservoir fracture systems because many aspects of fracture character (e.g. height, length) are impossible to measure with subsurface data. The Devonian margin of the Canning Basin in NW Australia presents a well-exposed outcrop analog for steep margin and slope deposits of Tengiz field. Fracture data gathered from Tengiz core and image logs suggest affinity to fractures in the Canning outcrops in terms of origin, orientation, and range of density. Inclusion of additional information - gained through outcrop study - into reservoir fracture description leads to improved understanding of stratigraphic influence on their occurrence and character.
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Difficulties in Simulating Diffusive Flux in Matrix-fracture Model
Authors M. Khosravi, B. Rostami and S.A. MirazimiDiffusion is an influential mechanism in oil recovery, which accelerates miscibility achievement, and usually has difficulties in modeling by commercial software. Previous studies have illustrated that compositional software could not calculate diffusion flux properly between two neighboring grids, in which oil saturation has a sudden drop from 1 to 0. Therefore, a dummy zone with medium oil saturation has to be defined at the oil/gas interface; however, this would affect the material balance and fluid flow. Furthermore, it is impossible to use such a method in a dual-pore fracture model and it would impose severe restrictions for full field simulation. In the first part of this work, a comprehensive review has been done on estimation of diffusion coefficients. Also, simulation of miscible CO2 displacement in fractured models has been reviewed and simulation difficulties have been widely discussed. Then, to analyze diffusion flux specifically, a 1-D horizontal model with neither viscose nor gravity force is simulated using two of the most famous compositional simulators, and their results are compared with analytical solution of the problem. Next, experimental results of miscible CO2 injection in a fractured system have been used to examine the new approach on simulation of a more complicated case.
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Integrated Depositional Environments Characterization of the Nubian Sandstone Reservoirs, Southeast Sirt Basin, Libya
By O. SlimanObtaining maximum recovery from hydrocarbon bearing rocks requires detailed and comprehensive description of the reservoir rocks. A good understanding of the reservoir environments and their characterization are essential. The objective of this work is to describe the depositional environments of the Lower Cretaceous non-marine Nubian Formation, which is subdivided in to three members Lower Nubian sandstone, Upper Nubian Sandstone and Varicolored Shale separate the two sandstone members. How they are recognized and characterized by applying rock characterization techniques
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Integrated Project Management Team, Organization, and Human Resources for EOR Project in PERTAMINA
Authors I.P. Suarsana and A. Badril• PERTAMINA EP is a subsidiary of Upstream Directorate of corporate PERTAMINA (Persero). PERTAMINA EP has more than 300 fields which are located from west to the east of Indonesia. 85% oil fields are considered as mature fields and contributing mmore than 80% of total Production (135 MBOPD). The fields already passed the primary peak production and pproducing only in Primary Recovery Stage, and the total recovery already above 85%. But the remaining oil is more than 3 Billions of oil. • To recover the additional oil, it needs high technology, high investment, improved stragtegy and management, and good quality of human resorces. The technology will be applied is Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). • Pertamina has establised the EOR managenet team which contain only 25 people, and can develop 9 pilot projects, 5 Plan of Further developments, produced oil 150 MBBO from pilot projects, and booked reserve 75 MMBBO with PRMS method.
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Experimental Study of Heterogeneity Effect on Strong Water Drive Gas Reservoirs
Authors M. Rezaee and B. RostamiGas recovery from strong water drive gas reservoirs (WDGR) may decrease because water influx may trap gas. WDGR performance is complicated and depends on many parameters.We investigated the effects of reservoir heterogeneity on WDGR recovery factor and aquifer performance in laboratory scale systems. In order to understand the uncertainty associated with reservoirs in complex geologic environments, it is critical to create porous media models that incorporate stratigraphic detail. The experimental models were contained distinct gas and water zone (aquifer portion) with thickness proportion of one to two. Aquifer permeability to gas zone was considered in three ranges: (Kaq/Kg=1 Kaq/Kg<1 Kaq/Kg>1).Gas zone was in initial water saturation in all of experiments. These permeable media were systematically characterized by Dykstra-Parsons coefficient. The Dykstra-Parsons coefficients were varied over reasonable ranges to cover the conditions normally encountered in gas reservoirs.We found that heterogeneity was not always detrimental to the recovery performance in WDGR.we explained this evidence by dimentinless number of Kaq /Kg .
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The Use of a Vertical Currents Sounding Method in Ore and Hydrocarbon Explorations
Authors A.V. Zlobinskiy, B.P. Balashov, V.S. Mogilatov and V.V. StogniyВ докладе обсуждается опыт применения площадной импульсной электроразведки с фиксированным источником электромагнитного поля – круговым электрическим диполем для оконтуривания границ нефтяных залежей и изучения рудных объектов.
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Social Risk Management
More LessThis paper focuses on the increasing importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social risk management in business. Firstly, CSR and social risk management are defined and the development of CSR as a discipline is highlighted. The paper also gives a brief introduction of how community, human rights and labour can be examples of social risks during oil and gas operations. Social risks are typically identified during the assessment of the local context of the operations. Furthermore, the paper shows how a business can manage social risks and an operational example is provided. The main items to be considered during any operations are; early assessments and pre-warning to the project, timely understanding and alignment internally and collaboration with partners, like operators and contractors. Finally, mapping the stakeholders and creating stakeholder communication plan is of great importance
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The Analysis of Seismic Processes Dynamics and the Tien Shan Strong Earthquakes Prediction
Authors E. Mamyrov and V.A. Mahan’kovaДетальные исследования сейсмологического режима перед сильнейшими землетрясениями мира, выполненные в последние годы, показали, что сейсмическая обстановка, перед главными толчками, с большим основанием поддерживает гипотезу о предвестниковой активизации, чем о сейсмологическом затишье [1-3]. На фоне общей региональной среднесрочной активизации слабых землетрясений энергетических классов КR = 9-12 (магнитуды MW = 3-5) в большинстве случаев наблюдается краткосрочное увеличение сейсмологической активности (рои, линейное или кольцевые концентрации эпицентров), происходящие на расстояниях, которые сравнимы с размерами очага готовящегося сильного землетрясения. При этом динамика роста количества слабых толчков во времени подобна акустической эмиссии перед разрушением твердых тел. Достижение критического уровня деформации геофизической среды переводит регион в нестабильное состояние, которое разрешается катастрофой – сильнейшим землетрясением [4]. Учитывая вышеуказанное, в настоящей работе сделана попытка анализа годового количества слабых землетрясений 8, 9 и 10 энергетических классов (N8, N9, N10), а также годового значения максимального энергетического класса Кm для всей территории Кыргызстана в пределах координат φ=39°-43.5° λ=69°-81° и для отдельных сейсмоактивных зон Тянь-Шаня до и после сильных сейсмокатастроф.
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Carbonate Environment Survey Methods with Real Data Based Examples
By T.V. OlnevaВ последнее время накоплен значительный опыт результативных сейсмических исследований в карбонатных средах. Применение специальных методик обработки сейсмических данных, включение в технологическую цепочку инверсионных преобразований и сейсмофациального анализа, новые технологии интерпретации и геологического моделирования позволяют более точно картировать кровлю и подошву коллектора, выделять локальные перспективные объекты, прогнозировать фильтрационно-емкостные свойства и воспроизводить полученные знания в геологических моделях. Доверие к результатам сейсмических исследований настолько возрасло, что появились рекомендации использовать их при подсчете запасов, например, в работе Левянта В.Б. и др.
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2d Basin Modeling and 2d Paleoreconstruction of Shaimskoe Petroliferous Region of West-Tokushinskaya Area
Authors S. Astakhov, A. Perepelina, D. Spahic, K. Sokolov, O. Gutnik and V. SavenkoВ связи с нарастающей необходимостью укрепления ресурсной базы нефтегазодобывающих предприятий всё больший интерес в целях поиска новых перспективных объектов вызывают «нетрадиционные» для того или иного района Западной Сибири структурные этажи. В частности, для Шаимского НГР, это - неокомский. Его перспективность доказывает пока единственная скважина № 29 Восточно-Шебурского месторождения, в которой из интервала 2102-2117м (абс. отм.-2008м – -2023м), из нижней части фроловской свиты (ачимовский интервал), получен фонтан нефти дебитом 14,8 м3/сут на 4 мм штуцере /1/. В Среднем Приобье неокомский нефтегазоносный мегакомплекс является основным продуктивным интервалом, обеспечивающим как нефтедобычу, так и прирост запасов углеводородного сырья.
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Geophysical Methods of Detection of Oil Contamination on the Example of Waste Disposal Site of Priobskoye Field
Authors A.A. Ivanov and M.P. ShirobokovThis report covers application of electrical tomography in combination with petrophysical modeling for identification of zones of oil contamination in oil waste disposal area.
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