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ECMOR VIII - 8th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery
- Conference date: 03 Sep 2002 - 06 Sep 2002
- Location: Freiberg, Germany
- ISBN: 978-90-73781-24-5
- Published: 03 September 2002
21 - 40 of 46 results
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A Black-Oil Reservoir Simulator for Hexahedral Multiblock Grids
Authors S. H. Lee, P. Jenny, H. A. Tchelepi and C. WolfsteinerA black oil reservoir simulator was developed for hexahedral multi-block grids. An object-oriented approach for the design and implementation of the simulator was adopted. We discuss the general features and object-oriented (O/O) design of the simulator.
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The Development of an Optimal Grid Coarsening Scheme Utilizing the Dynamic Properties of the Fine-Scale Flow Data
Authors N. H. Darman, G. E. Pickup and K. S. SorbieThe accuracy of upscaling procedures can be improved by using non-uniform grid cells at the coarse scale level. Several researchers have investigated objective methods of selecting the optimal coarse grid configuration for a particular fine grid model 1-2. However, all of these works neglect the effect of fluid force balances and always assumed the model to be in viscous dominated flow. This paper describes a new optimal grid-coarsening scheme for two-phase flow in porous media based on the quantitative use of fine-scale simulation data. The main idea of this approach is to use fine-grid fluctuating moments to guide the choice of the coarse grid structure. These quantities are derived from the volume average saturation equation for different fluid force balances i.e. viscous, gravity and capillary. It is shown that this approach results in a more accurate prediction of quantities such as total oil recovery and fluid production ratio in coarse grid models.
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Steady-State 2-Phase Upscaling in Macro-Anisotropic Reservoirs
Authors G. A. Virnovsky, A. Lohne and H. KleppeIn a heterogeneous reservoir containing 2 liquid phases, e.g., oil and water, the flow rate in combination with small to medium scale heterogeneities in both absolute permeability and capillarity defines dynamic capillary entrapment of oil and water.
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A Method for Static-Based Up-Gridding
Authors R. M. Younis and J. CaersA method for up-gridding geostatistical reservoir models is proposed. The method generates well-adapted coarse-grid grids for a given realization and target coarse-scale dimensions. While most current grid generation methods are based on either local or global dynamic (flow rate dependent) measures, in this paper, we show that the inclusion of both local and global static information, can greatly improve computational cost while maintaining accurate flow response.
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Two-Phase Flow Through Fractured Porous Media
Authors P. M. Adler, I. I. Bogdanov, V. V. Mourzenko and J. -F. ThovertTwo-phase flow in fractured porous media is investigated by means of a direct and complete numerical solution of the flow equations in a three-dimensional porous medium straddled by a fracture network. The numerical model applies to arbitrary fracture network geometry, and to arbitrary distributions of permeabilities in the porous matrix and in the fractures. Calculations relative to two sets of networks are presented. An approximate model can be proposed to derive the macroscopic relative permeabilities. The macroscopic capillary pressure is not significantly different from the one of the porous medium only.
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Macrodispersion Approach for Upscaling of Two-Phase, Immiscible Flow in Heterogeneous Porous Media
Authors V. Artus and B. NoetingerThis paper focuses on upscaling of immiscible flow in porous media. It is currently admitted that classical pseudoization methods suffer lome limitations, mainly due to the fact that numerical and physical coarsening are coupled within this framework. In order to overcome this problem, we look at the analytical form of upscaled transport equations, reserving the grid blocks coarsening to a subsequent step.
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Generation of Low-Order Reservoir Models Using POD, Emperical Grammians and Subspace Identification
Authors R. Markovinovic, E. L. Geurtsen, T. Heijn and J. D. JansenIn this paper we present a number of data-driven approaches to obtain non-linear low-order models of heterogeneous reservoirs. Relying on the `proper orthogonal decomposition' (POD) method of snapshots, the proposed approaches scale-up an existing high-order dynamic reservoir model to a model of lower order.
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Filtration-Flow Effects and Variants of Constructing Nonlinear Filtration Laws in the Case of Violation of the Darcy Law with Isotropic Filtration Properties
Authors V. M. Maksimov and N. M. DmitrievNumerous experimental studies have established not only the possibility of using the Darcy law but also limits of its applicability. In the proces of these investigations, the Darcy law was shown to be valid for both isotropic and anisotropic media, but it is fulfilled merely within a certain range of flow velocities. Thus, the upper and lower boundaries for the applicability of the Darcy law can be indicated. The upper boundary is caused by the manifestation of inertial forces at high velocities, while the lower one, by physicochemical effects for interaction of a fluid with a solid skeleton and by non-Newtonian rheological properties of the fluid. In this study, we consider the generalizations of the Darcy law with isotropic filtration properties at high filtration rates.
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Upscaling of Permeability in the Well Vicinity on Distorted Gridblocks
By Y. DingUpscaling of absolute permeability has been long standing discussed. It is generally recognized that the main difficulty in permeability upscaling is the dependence of upscaling results on flow boundary conditions, which leads to a non-unique solution.
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Representation of Fractured Wells to Numerical Modeling Post-Fracturing Production from Tight Reservoirs
Authors T. Friedel, A. Nakrassov, A. Behr, G. Mtchedlishvili and F. HaefnerThe work presents a comparison study of different approaches to numerical modeling fractured wells in tight reservoirs. The simulation results were compared against the analytical solutions for an infinite and finite conductivity vertical fracture. The own method which combines elements of known approaches has been verified as advantageous in terms of compromise between the simulation accuracy and number of needed gridblocks.
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A Combined Orthomin and GMRES Linear Solver for Use in Reservoir Simulation
More LessThis paper summarizes the Orthomin¹ and GMRES² linear solvers. It presents a mapping from the Orthomin residual basis over to the GMRES basis that is used to switch solvers dynamically during the linear solve step in a reservoir simulator. This mapping enables a combined algorithm to adapt easily to problem complexity .
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Parallel Computing Using a Commercial Reservoir Simulator
Authors P. I. Crumpton, P. A. Fjerstad and J. BergeThis paper demonstrates that simulation of models of up to 10 million cells can be performed by means of parallel simulation. This allows both geologists and reservoir engineers to include more realistic geological detail for better and more reliable production optimization.
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Acceleration of the Fully Implicit Solution by Domain Decomposition and its Application in Black-Oil and Compositional Simulation
Authors L. Ganzer, A. Harrer and Z. E. HeinemannGenerally the Newton-Raphson method is applied to solve the non-linear equation system, where convergence depends on a small subset of slowly converging blocks. The use of adaptive implicitness can accelerate simulation runs in a way that not all blocks are treated fully implicit.
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Mathematical Aspects of a Fast IMFES Formulation for Solving Three-Phase Black Oil Equations
Authors S. Buitrago and H. KlieNowadays, there is an increasing demand to perform fast reservoir simulation studies. This has been mainly driven by the need to model larger reservoirs (consisting of millions of gridblocks) and to perform as many realizations as possible in order to quantify the uncertainty associated to the exploitation plans.
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Computational Science Issues in Modeling Oil and Gas Production
Authors M. F. Wheeler, M. Peszynska and B. RivièreWe address major computational science issues arising in modeling oil and gas production. We describe a new methodology based on mortar spaces which allow for multiple models and for dynamic upscaling not requiring pseudo functions. Also, we introduce a new Discontinuous Galerkin discretization which is higher-order, locally conservative and allows for non-conforming grids.
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Direct Conditioning of Fine-Scale Facies Models to Dynamic Data by Combining Gradual Deformation and Numerical Upscaling Techniques
Authors T. Schaaf, M. Mezghani and G. ChaventUpdating reservoir models through dynamic data integration requires the solution of an inverse problem that may be computationally intensive for multi-million cells geological models. History matching is commonly performed using upscaled flow simulation models without updating the original fine grid geological model. In this way, the drawback is that the consistency with the geostatistical parameters is no longer ensured.
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Using Genetic Algorithms to Invert Numerical Simulations
More LessThe use of automated inversion methods to condition numerical reservoir models to both static data (well-logs) and dynamic data (production data) is becoming more important. It is essential that any methodology should be: robust to problems in the numerical simulation; able to handle all of the different classes of variables present; and be efficient both in terms of the number of simulations required and the wall-clock time taken.
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Adaptive Selection of Parameterization for Reservoir History Matching
Authors A. -A. Grimstad, H. Krüger, T. Mannseth, G. Nævdal and H. UrkedalWe consider estimation of the absolute permeability, and enforce regularization by seeking to select the parameter space such that over-parameterization is avoided.
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