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GRSG AGM 2012 - Monitoring and Managing the Earth's Resources
- Conference date: 11 Dec 2012 - 13 Dec 2012
- Location: London, UK
- Published: 12 November 2012
1 - 20 of 51 results
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The Pleiades I SPOT6-7 constellation
By J. SoubiraneBuilt by Astrium, Europe's leading space technology company, the SPOT 6 Earth observation satellite has been successfully launched on September 9th 2012, by a PSLV launcher from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in India. SPOT 6 is fully funded by Astrium Services. SPOT 6 is a high resolution optical Earth observation satellite. Like its twin SPOT 7, which is slated for launch early 2014, SPOT 6 keeps the 60-km swath that made the success ofthe SPOT series and delivers imagery products with a resolution down to 1.5 metres at nadir. SPOT 6 and SPOT 7 will ensure service continuity from the SPOT 4 and SPOT 5 satellites, which have been operating since 1998 and 2002 respectively.
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Using of SAR data and InSAR techniques for long term monitoring of oil and gas fields and power engineering infrastructure in Western Siberia
Authors A. Filatov, A. Evtyushkin and V. BryksinGiven work presents results of interferometric processing of series of multi-temporal radar data ofthe ALOS\PALSAR and ENVISAT\ASAR sensors. The importance ofthe given work is defined by necessity of decrease breakdown susceptibilities of oil and gas pipelines. Geodynamic monitoring must include creation ofthe fixed reference points system both in limits of hydrocarbon field contour and outside of it (Le. in the area of possible man-caused deformation and outside of this area).
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Advanced Satellite Interferometry for Reservoir Management: Onshore Applications and Offshore Perspectives
Authors M. Basilico, A. Rucci, S. Del Conte, F. Novali and A. TamburiniReservoir monitoring improves our understanding of reservoir behavior and helps achieve more effective reservoir management and prediction offuture performance with obvious economic benefits. It relies on an integrated approach involving both surveillance and modeling.
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Spectral and chemical characterization of onshore hydrocarbon seepsinduced alterations in evaporite and marly limestone formations: a laboratory experiment
Authors S. Salati, F.J.A. Van Ruitenbeek, J.B. De Smeth and F.D. Van der MeerThe presence of hydrocarbon seep is an indirect evidence of the presence of mature source rocks within a geological system. Chemical changes in the environment of surface rocks provided by hydrocarbon seeps form mineralogical alterations. This work focuses on the use of laboratory experiments to recognize chemical and spectral characteristics of hydrocarbon seeps-induced alterations in evaporite and marly limestone formations. To determine the influence of lithology and types of seeps on alterations, rock samples were collected from altered and unaltered Gachsaran (evaporite) and the Mishan (marly limestone) formations in the Dezful embayment, SW Iran (Fig. 1), and subsequently analyzed. Reflectance spectra of samples were measured by ASD spectrometer and chemical characteristics compositions of the samples were acquired by portable XRF analyzer. The concentrations of gypsum and calcite were quantified by the wet chemical analysis. In addition, altered and unaltered samples were analyzed for carbon, oxygen, and sulfur isotope compositions. Comparisons of chemical data and reflectance spectroscopy of altered evaporites and altered marly limestones show that the minerals within alterations facies have distinctive spectral signatures which can be used to map spatial heterogeneities in mineralogy of cap rock (Gachsaran) and its overlaid formation (Mishan) in the Zagros oil fields. The spatial distribution of alteration minerals and the relationships between these types of alteration are important for interpreting hydrocarbon migration pathways.
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EO Environmental Sensitivity Index for Oil Industries
By M.J. YagüeGovernments and international organisations have long adopted consensus and given guidance on sensitivity mapping for oil spill response. Effective oil spill crisis response requires contingency plans, of which, environmental sensitivity index (ESI) maps are part. Sensitivity maps provide a comprehensive view ofthe territory, whether inland or shoreline, and the sensitive resources at risk in the event of an oil spill. Objectives of ESI maps may be strategic, tactical or operational, aligned with the scope of the contingency plans.
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Risk reduction by use of remote sensing tools - the example of seismic hazard assessment
Authors J. Manning and M. FreeSuccessful delivery of engineering projects requires identification of potential hazards and subsequent development of risk management strategies for the project. Engineering projects are undertaken in a wide range of natural terrains with widely varying geohazards and ground related hazards.
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The Live land Project: using EO and space technology to asses and monitor landslide and subsidence risk
Authors S. Almond, C. Farquhar, G. Timms, H. Reeves, K. Lee, A. Thomas, W. Roberts and H. ByeLive Land is an ESA integrated application promotion (lAP) feasibility study with an overall objective to allow users to better manage the hazards and exposures oftheir transport infrastructure and associated assets against landslide and subsidence events. Live Land will assess the viability of developing a suite of services driven by the needs and requirements of end user organisations, drawing on a unique 'catalogue' concept, incorporating a suite of enabling technologies (Spaceborne and in-situ) that could improve the forecasting, monitoring and alerting of landslides and subsidence.
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The application of remote sensed data for landslide hazard assessment for engineering and planning purposes: a UK perspective
More LessThe use of remote sensing data for land use planning and engineering purposes in the UK has accelerated with increasing availability. High resolution LiDAR models, commonly avalaible as O.2Smm resolution data, is becoming standard practice for detailed landslide hazard assessment studies. This new generation of high precision data, coupled with developments in pointcloud visualisation software with remote mapping functionality, is providing engineering geologists and engineering geomorphologists with a powerful new set of tools for landslide identification and feature interpreatation for applied geological mapping purposes. We present two recent case studies of landslide hazard characterisation and zonation from two UK Jurassic escarpments, in North Yorkshire and the Cotswolds. The ability to map UK landslides through typical UK forest cover and the use of LiDAR for developing landslide hazard susceptibility models at various scales is also discussed with examples from Yorkshire.
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Landslide monitoring by integration of spectroscopy and radar sensors
Authors A. Novellino, D. Di Martire, M. Ramondini, S. Tessitore and D. CalcaterraLandslides, along with earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, are among the greatest natural hazards for people and infrastructure safety, which, given the urban development, require increasing attention in order to mitigate the resulting risk. To this aim, in recent years monitoring has become one the main non-structural ways adopted to better understand the territorial susceptibility to hazardous phenomena such as slope instabilities; ground deformations can be usefully monitored by means of remote sensing techniques, particularly those based upon satellite platforms.
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Satellite radar interferometry for engineering applications
Authors C. Giannico, S. Alberti, S. Del Conte, F. Bellotti, A. Ferreti and M. BasilicoSatellite radar interferometry allows the measurement of ground displacements to millimeter accuracy. SqueeSAR'M, the latest evolution of "multi interferogram" techniques, is one of today's most advanced technologies for ground deformation analysis and monitoring. It exploits long temporal series of satellite radar data, acquired over the same area of interest at different times, to identify "natural radar targets", that return stable radar reflections over time back to the satellite, where millimetre precise displacement information can be retrieved. The technique does not require the installation of any ground instrumentation. Objects identified by satellite typically correspond to man-made structures (such as buildings, street lights) or natural targets (such as rock outcrops and un-vegetated surfaces).
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The COSI-Corr tools: Emerging techniques to monitor and quantify ground deformation using high resolution optical imagery and multitemporal LiDAR
Authors S. Leprince, F. Ayoub, B. Conejo and J.-P. AvouacCOSI-Corr is a suite of algorithms to accurately monitor the Earth's surface using satellite or aerial imagery. We wi" present the fundamental principles of COSI-Corr, which are the key ingredients to achieve sub-pixel registration and sub-pixel measurement accuracy between multi-temporal images. In particular, we demonstrate how ground deformations, involving different types of geomorphological processes, can be recovered using either multi-angle high-resolution optical imagery, or multi-temporal LiDAR acquisitions. We wi" show how the COSI-Corr framework is applied to various types of images to extract 2D, 3D, or even 4D deformation fields.
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The Hexagon Advantage: The Dynamic GIS - Introducing the ERDAS IMAGINE Spatial Modeler
By O. ZimmermanAs Hexagon now unites Intergraph, ERDAS and Leica Geosystems, industry-leading providers of geospatial software and hardware, it has aligned the means to offer the geospatial industry the Dynamic GIS, an integrated geospatial system capable of translating change, on the fly, into actionable information. Consumers will finally have the ability to use a single, streamlined system to complete the entire geospatial information lifecycle: capturing geospatial data using sensor technology; processing vector, raster, terrain data into actionable information; managing, fusing, and sharing geospatial data across departments and regions; and finally, rapidly and securely delivering integrated information products, ensuring individuals can make timely decisions. The Dynamic GIS presents a powerful and convenient alternative to the current reality of fragmented systems with incompatibilities and obstacles hampering the swift flow of geospatial data from terrestrial, airborne and orbital sensors to the eyes of decision-makers. Just one component of the Dynamic GIS is Next-Generation Spatial modelling.
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Advantages of using InSAR technology to monitor civil engineering infrastructures
By M. De FaragoNew technologies are increasingly being accepted and used for monitoring civil engineering infrastructures, specifically to study ground and infrastructures deformation before, during and after construction. These technologies reinforce the measurements obtained with more conventional technologies and/or complement them.
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Some engineering geological applications for terrestriallidar
More LessThe application ofterrestrial LiDAR, laser scanning, in earth science has greatly increased in the last decade. Starting from the quarry and architectural industries significant developments in laser optics and hardware enabled the technique to rival and then surpass photogrammetry as the best way of producing 3D computer generated models of stationary objects. Engineering geologists started to recognise the benefits of terrestrial LiDAR in the late 1990's, utilising its ability to model landslides, active volcanoes, eroding coastlines and other geohazards. The development of long and ultra-long range laser scanners has enabled the modelling of remote or potentially unsafe locations that were previously difficult, or impossible, to model.
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Multi Frequency Satellite SAR Interferometry Applied to Land Subsidence Monitoring in Bandung Basin, Indonesia
Authors M.F. Syafiudin, A. Sowter, P. Aplin and T. Thuy VuProblems associated with land subsidence and ground deformation have been occuring in many places in the world. The Bandung basin in West Java Province, Indonesia is reported to have been subsiding for the last decade at an alarming rate which appears to be primarily due to groundwater over-extraction . The increase in population and industry as a consequence of rapid economic growth in Bandung city has an impact on the rate of groundwater withdrawal. Secondary factors which may potentially contribute to the land subsidence phenomena in the area include seismicity-related fault movements and volcanogenic displacements. The economic loss and environmental impact caused by land subsidence in the area cannot be neglected.
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land Motion Observed by DlnSAR in the South Derbyshire and leicestershire Coalfield
Authors A. Sowter, L. Bateson, P. Strange, K. Ambrose and M.F. SyafiudinIn this paper we examine the results of an advanced differential interferometric SAR (DlnSAR) survey of a former coal mining area in the UK. The specific technique used, called the Intermittently Coherent Point (ICP) method, is based on the small baseline subset (SBAS) method which takes a stack of SAR observations and estimates linear and non-linear motion through the analysis of a subset ofthe available differential interferograms. The method is able to significantly resolve such measurements in rural areas, currently a limitation ofthe standard SBAS technique. The area of interest is the National Forest area around the towns of Swadlincote and Coalville in the East Midlands of the UK. 32 ENVISAT ASAR observations over the period from 2003-2009 were used in the analysis and the results show clear areas of uplift corresponding to the coal measures of mines that were abandoned in the early 1990s. It has been suggested that the uplift is due to groundwater recovery after mine closure. Furthermore, there is a very strong relationship between the areas of uplift and the faults in the area.
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Monitoring landslides in the Three Gorges region, China, using multiple SAR techniques
Authors A. Singleton, Z. Li, T. Hoey and S. WheelerLandslides have long been the most frequent and widespread geohazard in the Three Gorges region. Over the last decade, construction ofthe Three Gorges dam project has created a 600 km long reservoir with a bi-annual fluctuating water-level which has also been shown to reactivate ancient landslides. InSAR techniques have demonstrated the ability to monitor ground deformation with centimetre precision over large areas and offer the most comprehensive method for monitoring landslides in the Three Gorges region. Within the study area, major limitations include atmospheric water vapour, steep slopes and in particular, temporal decorrelation between SAR image acquisitions caused by dense vegetation. When interierograms are incoherent, it restricts the ability to extract a reliable time-series of measurements. To combat this problem, pixel-offset techniques using SAR amplitude images have been employed to enhance the coverage of measurements within the landslide areas and a small-baseline time-series approach (similar to the SBAS-lnSAR time-series approach) has been used to monitor the evolution of landslide movements.
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Geohazards in Greater London identified from geological and Persistent Scatterers data
Authors F. Cigna, H. Jordan and L. BatesonIn the framework ofthe EU FP7 PanGeo project, the 27 European National Geological Surveys are generating validated geohazard layers depicting areas of observed and potential ground instability for 52 of the largest towns across Europe. These will be made freely accessible and usable via a portal to the general public, local authority planners and regulators, geological surveys, geoscience institutes and policy-makers involved in the assessment, mapping and management of geological risks. The first product generated by the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers the administrative area of Greater London (~1,580 km2 ), and consists of a polygon-wise Ground Stability Layer showing location, extent and typology ofthe observed and potential geohazards, and associated Geohazard Description document, a supporting report which describes in detail the geological setting and places of interest affected by each geohazard, the level of confidence in the interpretation and digitization of the polygons, and any evidence supporting the interpretation. The identification of geohazards in London is performed through combined interpretation of geological, land use and other geospatiallayers and datasets available at BGS, together with satellite ERS1/2 and ENVISAT Persistent Scatterers (PS) ground motion data for 1992-2010, generated by Fugro NPA Ltd. The PanGeo product identifies ~450 km2 of observed and -1,240 km2 of potential geohazards over Greater London. Potential for natural ground movements (shrink-swell clays, and compressible ground) is observed for the majority of the area. Geohazards observed through the PS data include both natural processes (compaction of the River Thames sediments) and anthropogenic instability due to water abstraction and recent engineering works (e.g., Jubilee Line Extension). Integration with the GMES Land Theme's Urban Atlas shows the landcover/landuse polygons influenced by such hazards, and supports the end-users in the management of geohazards and induced risks within the concerned area. 62
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Towards nationwide monitoring of geohazards with InSAR technologies: feasibility mapping over the landmass of Great Britain
Authors F. Cigna, L. Bateson, C. Jordan and C. DashwoodThe British Geological Survey (BGS) is the national geoscience centre, and is the UK's premier provider of geoscientific data, information and knowledge for wealth creation, sustainable use of natural resources, reducing risk and living with the impacts of environmental change. Alongside the full range of geohazard information, the BGS maintains the National Landslide Database and the Earth & Planetary Observation and Monitoring Team is constantly assessing and developing new technologies for geohazard mapping. Building upon successful achievements of recent applications of InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) and PSI (Persistent Scatterer Interferometry) in other EU countries such as Italy, Switzerland and The Netherlands, this study aims to map the topographic and land use feasibility of these technologies to monitor ground motions over the entire landmass of Great Britain.
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Low-cost geoinformatic approaches to assess coastal hazards
More LessCurrently about 60% ofthe world's population live within 100km to the coast. There is a significant tendency for migration towards the coast, accompanied by a strong global urbanisation trend. The highest rates of population growth until 2050 are expected in "developing" countries. Many of those do not have the data or the financial, technological and expert-knowledge sources for complicated, time consuming and expensive disaster risk assessments.
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