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Second EAGE Sustainable Earth Sciences (SES) Conference and Exhibition
- Conference date: 30 Sep 2013 - 04 Oct 2013
- Location: Pau, France
- ISBN: 978-90-73834-53-8
- Published: 30 September 2013
41 - 60 of 74 results
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European Resource Assessment for Geothermal Energy and CO2 Storage
Authors J.D. van Wees and F. NeeleGeothermal Energy and CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) are both considered major contributors to the global energy transition. Their success critically depends on subsurface resource quality, which in turn depends on specific subsurface parameters. For CCS and Geothermal Energy these in some respect overlap and others differ. Here, an overview is presented of recent advancements in the assessment of subsurface quality criteria, and their implications for the assessment of CCS and geothermal energy potential in Europe. In this assessment we focus on deep sedimentary aquifer systems. In particular for these resources strong synergies exist between CSS, oil and gas and geothermal energy. In extension to these resources, we also present the latest insights in resource potential estimates for engineered geothermal systems (EGS)
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New Challenges in Geomechanics - From the Enhanced Geothermal System towards the CO2 Underground Storage
By S.S. GentierDuring the three last decades, geomechanics has been, in a large part, driven by the evolution in the domain of energy. After its contribution in the conventional oil and gas resources and in the nuclear waste repository, new domains such unconventional geothermal energy and CO2 underground storage have stepped in since around 10 years and more recently, unconventional gas and oil resources continue to contribute to the evolution of geomechanics. In this paper, we have focused on the Enhanced Geothermal Systems and on the CO2 underground storage, highlighting the new challenges for each of these two domains and the common ones: geomechanical role of the faults, stress fields and behavior of the near well.
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Systematic Risk Reduction for Induced Seismicity - Understanding Underlying Common Processes
Authors F.R. Schilling, M.M. Beck and B.I.R. MüllerIf risk is defined as hazard multiplied by the costs of damage, the vulnerability, e.g. of health, safety, and environment (HSE), in conjunction to possible hazards become important for the quantification of local and regional risks. Within this overview different risk reduction approaches such as - online monitoring in combination with a red light system, - transfer of knowledge from “similar sites“ to a new site, and - geomechanical models are discussed and compared. An independent validation of the different concepts will be used to develop a systematic risk reduction. Based on petrophysical concepts a risk reduction approach will be presented which includes a knowledge based side qualification strategy, the possibilities of a reservoir pressure control and suitable monitoring concepts.
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Recent Advances in Satellite Monitoring of Injection and Withdrawal Projects - The Role of InSAR
Authors A. Ferretti, A. Rucci, A. Tamburini and F. RoccaReservoir monitoring improves our understanding of reservoir behavior and helps achieve more effective reservoir management and prediction of future performance with obvious economic benefits. Volumetric changes in reservoirs due to fluid extraction and injection can induce either subsidence or uplift which can trigger fault reactivation and threaten well integrity (as well as reservoir structural integrity). Depending on the depth of the reservoir and the characteristic of the cap rock, deformation may also be detectable at the surface. Surface deformation monitoring can provide valuable constraints on the dynamic behavior of a reservoir enabling the evaluation of volumetric changes in the reservoir through time, allowing the calibration of geo-mechanical models. Whatever the surveying technique, the detection of millimeter level surface deformation is required to monitor small surface displacement rates, which could impact risk evaluation and environmental impact assessment in oil&gas operations, as well as in geothermal plants.
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The Injection of Liquid Cool CO2 in a Warm Depleted Gas Reservoir
Authors C. Hofstee, J.H. Maas and D. LoeveThe P18-4 compartment (operated by TAQA Energy B.V.) would be injected by CO2 at a minimum temperature of 12 degrees C. At these temperatures, the CO2 phase will either be a gas or a liquid. As the initial temperature of the reservoir is 120 oC, the CO2 will eventually be the gaseous or (at higher pressures), the supercritical phase. An outstanding issue was the simulation of the fate and transport of the injected liquid CO2, with emphasis on the temperature effects. In this presentation, we will present results of our latest research efforts
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Could this be the Future of Secure CO2 Storage?
Authors S.M. Shariatipour, E.J. Mackay and G.E. PickupCarbon capture and storage has been of interest to many researchers to mitigate the anthropogenic emission of Carbon Dioxide in recent years. Projects to store supercritical CO2 in aquifers have been developed. However, there is a great uncertainty about the leakage of CO2 out of the storage formation under buoyancy. Shariatipour et al 2012 presented the CO2/brine down-hole mixing method (DHM) which could improve the security of CO2 sequestration in geological formations. In this aforementioned method water is extracted near the top of the aquifer, CO2 is mixed with water in the intermediate section of this well, and then the water with dissolved CO2 is injected at the bottom of the formation. It was concluded that this method could be an engineering solution to tackle the leakage risk of free phase CO2 through the caprock. In this study the application of down-hole mixing in a real field model (Lincolnshire – Smith et al 2012) is examined. Calculations are performed to identify the optimum level of water extraction and injection of dissolved CO2 in brine. In addition, simulations will be presented to show the other advantages of using DHM on CO2 storage (e.g. CO2 injection for much longer period).
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CO2-induced Rock Alteration in Armenia and Georgia - First Results of BS-ERA.NET Project CauCasCCS
Authors S. Klumbach, O. Körting, H. Babayan, G. Melikadze, B. Müller, T. Neumann, H. Stosch and P. TozalakyanThe project CauCasCCS is concerned with fundamental research on geological CO2 capture and storage. The study aims to investigate the possible alteration of rocks exposed to natural CO2-spring water. Such rocks represent natural analogues for reservoir cap rocks and storage.
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Sustainable Geothermal Energy Roadmap for Future in New EU Member Countries - The Status in Latvia
Authors J. Burlakovs, A. Miemis and O. StiebrinsThe objective of the new plan “Initiative for Strategic Geothermal Roadmap Development in New EU Member Countries” is to contribute the secure, sustainable and competitively priced energy for Europe from geothermal sources. Main tasks are - to promote the development of new geothermal energy use site clusters in Europe, implement knowledge for new best available technologies for the use of geothermal energy for heating, cooling and electricity production thus supporting energy diversification in new EU member countries, to take away legislative barriers and stimulate research and production of geothermal energy in new EU member countries based on knowledge of experienced partners, to promote energy efficiency during its transport to district heating (cooling) and gridlines in new developed clusters and reduce CO2 emissions in the frame of the EU Energy 2020 Strategy and Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Latvia does not have huge energetic resources therefore geothermal resources and possible use of those are of great interest. Geothermal groundwater from Cambrian horizon can be used for district heating and cooling systems and if modern technologies applied, electricity production to grid is possible.
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High-resolution Fracture Characterization of a Siliciclastic Aquifer Targeted for CO2 Sequestration, Svalbard, Norway
Authors K. Ogata, K. Senger, A. Braathen, S. Olaussen and J. TverangerThe target siliciclastic aquifer investigated by the Longyearbyen CO2 Lab as a possible test-scale CO2 storage unit is a dual-permeability reservoir characterized by fractured, tight lithologies. By integrating borehole and outcrop data, the reservoir section has been subdivided in intervals defined by 5 litho-structural units (LSUs), each one characterized by different lithologies and fracture sets interpreted to represent pseudo-geomechanical units. Due to their contrasting features, these LSUs are believed to have a crucial influence on subsurface fluid migration. Our results indicate that fractured shale intervals control lateral fluid flow (predominance of low-angle fracture) whereas sandy and coarser intervals seem to control vertical fluid flow (predominance of high-angle fractures), locally enhancing the contribution of the matrix porosity. Horizontal and vertical high permeability conduits can be found at the LSUs’ interfaces, along the chilled margins of igneous sills and dykes, and along the damage zone of mesoscopic faults, due to the localized enhanced fracturing (fracture corridors). A large database containing structural data on fractures has been acquired and analyzed in order to extrapolate calibrated parameters for numerical modeling and flow simulations. These in turn allow reservoir volumetric calculations, assessment of seal integrity and forecasting of vertical/lateral connectivity of the reservoir.
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Mapping of CO2 Storage Achievements Across Europe
Authors V. Hladik, H. Rütters, F. May, A. Shogenova, R. Martinez, I. Czernichowski and B. Safticof relevant national legislation. The activities in individual countries were assessed in a semi-quantitative way, which resulted in division of the countries into four groups according to each country’s overall state of CO2 storage achievements. Finally, the CO2 storage achievement scores of individual countries were compared with their annual CO2 emissions. The results clearly illustrate the existing activity and knowledge gap between the “forerunner” and “follower” countries, which needs to be closed if the expected significant contribution of the CCS technology to the decarbonisation of the European economy in the next few decades is to be achieved.
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Geochemical Monitoring of Dissolved CO2 in Shallow Aquifer at the Rousse Test Site for CO2 Geological Storage
Authors Y.S. Staniszewski, A.G. Groleau, D.J. Jezequel and P.A. AgrinierWe consider a shallow aquifer as an integrative system of putative deep CO2 leaks above a CO2 geological sequestration test site. This would help to built sensitive and reduce cost monitoring of near surface CO2 induced perturbations. To study this potentiality, we have monitored the dissolved carbon dynamic (dissolved CO2 species) and main chemical parameters in the aquifer waters of Jurançon Hills (Near Pau, France). Over three years, we have collected a set of data (conductivity, geochemistry, isotopes) at four springs. We are able to able to interpret the dynamics of the dissolved CO2 by a variety of natural forcings (biological, hydrodynamics, water-rock interactions, … which are mainly related to the climatic forcing). This study and geochemical modeling allow us to build proxies that must very sentitive to non-natural inputs of CO2.
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Physical & Chemical Properties of Rocks and Well Cement for CO2 Storage Applications in a Full Scale Borehole Simulator
Authors J. Mühlbach, S. Klumbach, A. Hirsch and M. KromerWell integrity is crucial for the security of CO2 storage in geological formations. Therefore, petrophysical, geochemical and mineralogical properties of sedimentary rocks and well cement are analysed. These properties are required to characterize and evaluate geological reservoir structures and well installations. The goal of the experiment COBRA is to test different concepts in full scale experiments to evaluate potential leakage pathways around well facilities and finally predict integrity. Injection related modifications of rock and cement properties might have significant influence on the long-term integrity of reservoirs. In this context, a database of physical and chemical results of the small scale experiment of rocks and well cements is presented.
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3D Static Models as a Tool to Indicate Prospective Geological Structures for EGS in Sedimentary Rocks of Central Poland
Authors B. Papiernik, A. Sowiżdżał and G. MachowskiThe paper illustrates the results of 3D static modeling in sedimentary cover of the Polish lowlands and their suitability for characterizing Enhanced Geothermal System. The resultant basic structural framework of the EGS systems model covers an area of ca. 36000 km2. It is composed of 13 structural horizons, starting from the base of the Carboniferous strata up to the top of the Cretaceous succession, and contains 12 stratigraphic zones being equivalents of stratigraphic epochs. The results of structural and parametric modeling were finally presented as maps of average parameters and effective thicknesses, superimposed on maps of temperatures related to the tops of the mapped zones. Superposition of depth, thermal and reservoir criteria allow to indicate spatial extent of hypothetically favorable conditions for EGS/HDR development. The results of static modeling indicate that relatively favourable conditions for EGS systems development can be expected locally of Upper Rotliegend and Carboniferous reservoir. The most important problem referring to practically the whole area of interest is lack of good quality data.
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Past, Present and Future Passive Seismic Tasks for Sustainable Development
By K.S. TkhakSeismic hazard increases every year as economic assimilation of earthquake-prone areas is going on. It is also aggravated by uncontrolled human impact on the Earth’s lithospheric shell (extraction of oil and gas, as well as of other mineral resources, construction of large hydro technical structures, burial of industrial waste and so on). Higher seismic risk is also caused by setting up atomic power plants and other ecologically hazardous facilities in earthquake-prone regions, because even insignificant earthquakes and the associated secondary damaging factors (landslides, rock falls, ground breakage and so on) can disrupt their normal operation. The problem of providing seismic safety is thus a complex one, demanding interdepartmental solutions and coordination, the estimation and forecast of, not only direct, but also of consequential loss implementation of a great number of multi-level tasks using passive seismic methods.
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The CO2 Storage Atlas, Norwegian Sea, with Simulation Case Study Nordland Ridge
More LessStudies have shown that it may be possible to store large amounts of CO2 on the Norwegian continental shelf. A team in Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) has, during the last two years, interpreted relevant data on the Norwegian Continental shelf in order to classify potential storage sites. A Simulation model of the The Nordland ridge Åre formation was built for the purpose of assessing its CO2 storage potential. The modeled Nordland Ridge is a closed structure with CO2 storage potentials in two dome like structural highs. The main simulation cases inject 2 mill Sm3 CO2/day (daily rate of 1/5000 of total volume). The simulated injection period last 50 years, and simulation then continues for 1 000 years to check the long term CO2 migration effects.
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Advances in the Assessment of the Deep Geothermal Reservoirs of Hainaut, Belgium
Authors N. Dupont, O. Kaufmann, L. Licour, A. Rorive and J.M. BaeleIn the urbanised area of Mons-Borinage (Hainaut, SW Belgium), deep geothermal potential is known since the late seventies. Since 1986, the resource is exploited by two wells. Current projects aim at developing this resource near Mons city for heat production, but also using a suspected deeper reservoir for electricity production. The development of deep geothermal projects in Hainaut requires a better knowledge of the structure of the reservoirs. For this purpose, a new geophysical survey (2D reflection seismic lines) was conducted in 2012, and data from old surveys were reprocessed. Distinctive discontinuities were expected, according with the regional tectonic framework. Based on our interpretation of the final seismic sections, main geological horizons were picked (in TWT) and integrated in a 3D geological model.
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An Interdisciplinary Approach for Medium-small Size Geothermal Plants Design - A Thermoeconomic Assessment
By M. VaccaroThe sustainability of a geothermal project also deals with economic issues. The feasibility assessment should take into account not only economic, but also thermoeconomic issues, depending on the type of plant. The application of thermoeconomic approach in geothermal energy utilization would lead to the elaboration of production scenarios (power output and extraction rate). This aspect is strictly connected with the possibility of technologic standardization of (for example) ORC geothermal plants. The evaluation of the specific cost of the energy production is not a trivial task, particularly for medium-low temperature resources. An evaluation of the cost items of a plant is presented and the impact of the specific (natural and economic) context is treated. National/Local energy policies, electric grid and market planning are important external factors to determine the specific energy price. Some case studies are analyzed and their technical-economic performances are discussed and compared, through a thermoeconomic assessment. The development of binary cycle geothermal plants market (particularly in Italy) is linked to these issues and discussed under this perspective. The task is to elaborate a methodological interdisciplinary approach (here outlined) for the design decision making processes, being valid only in case of medium-low temperature geothermal resources.
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Geothermal Exploration in the Palana Area, Kamchatka Peninsula, Using MT-AMT Soundings
Authors K.M. Antashchuk, A.K. Saraev and S.V. KandinskayaResults magnetotelluric-audiomagnetotelluric (MT-AMT) soundings for geothermal exploration in the north-western part of the Kamchatka Peninsula are considered. The works aimed at the revealing of rather low depth (up to 2 km) and low and middle temperature (up to 150 o C) geothermal sources have been carried out in two stages: preliminary and detailed. At the preliminary stage on MT-AMT soundings data the prospects of several beforehand selected sites have been estimated. At the detailed stage on investigations of the most perspective site its 2D structure has been reliably determined and using the 2D inversion geoelectric sections up to the depth of 3 km have been derived. On the soundings results the supplementary investigations of an allocated deep anomaly and the subsequent checking by drilling have been recommended.
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The Use of Artificial Heat Fields Diagnostic Wells Underground Gas Storages
Authors R.F. Sharafutdinov, R.A. Valiullin and A. RamazanovThus, summing up theoretical, experimental and oilfield investigations by active temperature logging one can make a conclusion that the active temperature logging is productive when solving the following problems: • Estimation of the intervals of liquid movement behind the casing. To solve this problem it is necessary to carry out inductive heating of the casing above the top of the bed (for behind-the casing flow “over”) or below the bottom of the bed (for behind-the –casing flow “below”) with the inflow stimulation and analyze the thermal mark movement. • Estimation of small rates. Based on the analysis of the thermal mark movement inside the casing
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