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Second EAGE Sustainable Earth Sciences (SES) Conference and Exhibition
- Conference date: 30 Sep 2013 - 04 Oct 2013
- Location: Pau, France
- ISBN: 978-90-73834-53-8
- Published: 30 September 2013
61 - 74 of 74 results
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Experimental Study of CO2 Injection with SO2 Impurities in Depleted Gas Fields in Northeast Netherlands
Authors P. Bolourinejad and R. HerberThe aim of this experimental study is to evaluate the effects of impure CO2 injection on potential storage sites in northeast Netherlands. The reservoir in these fields is Permian Rotliegend sandstone, overlain by Zechstein carbonates, anhydrites and salt. Medium-term (30 days) laboratory experiments have been carried out by injection of CO2 and 100 ppm SO2 in reservoir/seal core samples. Following injection and subsequent formation of sulfuric acid, dissolution of feldspar and dolomite minerals was observed. Most of the SO2 was immobilized and trapped by anhydrite precipitation. Permeability measurements of the samples before and after the experiment showed that permeability in reservoir samples increases by factors between 1.2 and 2.2. In the caprocks, the samples with higher percentage of carbonate minerals show increase in permeability but higher anhydrite content of samples causes permeability reduction.
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A Methodology for Geological Hazard Assessment in Temporary Storage Facilities
Authors F.L. Guido, V. Picotti and M. AntonelliniThe main risks and hazards related to fluid storage in subsurface are associated with reservoir rocks deformation, pore pressure change and/or change in stress around faults (depending on their properties and orientations): a change in pore pressure due to injection or extraction of fluid from a well, may change the stress acting on a nearby fault; this change in stress may induce slip or movement along that fault creating a seismic event. Compaction or dilation of reservoir volume induce stress changes inside the reservoir and the surrounding caprock, also generating ground movements: subsidence and uplift,, in consequences of fluid withdrawing or fluid injection in reservoir, are related to reservoir performances, geological setting and reservoir/caprock mechanical properties. Despite an increased understanding of the basic causes of their hazards, these kinds of energy projects will retain a certain level of risk for inducing seismic events, manufacture integrity, and ground movements. For assessing geological hazards associated to subsurface temporary storage, we develop a 3-step, quite fast and easy procedure; starting from a real reservoir, converted to temporary storage facility, we quantify 1) reservoir deformations, 2) induced stress changes and 3) areas in the caprock which are more affected by stress changes distribution.
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Geothermal Potential of the Eastern Part of the Polish Carpathians in the Light of Computer Modelling
Authors G. Machowski, B. Papiernik, M. Hajto and W. GoreckiThe paper presents results of modelling of petrophysical-volumetric, hydrogeological and thermal parameters which enabled assessment of geothermal energy resources accumulated in rocks and waters in the area of the eastern part of the Polish Carpathians and indication of zones prospective for utilization of the resources for heating purposes, balneotherapy and/or recreation. The assessment of geothermal energy resources was carried out for the following twelve groundwater aquifers: flysch (Skole, Silesian, and Dukla-Magura), Miocene, Upper Cretaceous (without Cenomanian), Cenomanian-Lower Cretaceous, Upper Jurassic, Middle Jurassic, Middle Triassic, Lower Triassic, Carboniferous (clastic), and Devonian-Carboniferous (carbonate). Analysis of the modelling results shows relatively poor reservoir parameters of the flysch rocks in the study area; it especially refers to permeability that for potential reservoir horizons amounts, on the average, to a few mD. In the basement of the Carpathians, locally very good reservoir and hydrothermal potentials are characteristic of the thick Miocene complex, particularly beneath the Carpathian overthrust.
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Numerical Model of a Geothermal Project in the Northern Upper Rhine Valley
More LessThe subsurface of the northern upper Rhine valley is a potential geothermal reservoir. Interpretation of 2D and 3D seismic data, supplemented by well data is the base for a static 3D model. Further integration of lithologic information from outcrop studies and well cores leads to a facies distibution of the study area. Transfer of stratigraphic and structural data to a finite element program allows the simulation of hydraulic and thermal developement while 25 years of production. Especially the production in a fault zone with a high throw and good permeability predicts very good usability of the geothermal reservoir units.
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Computational Investigation of Hydro-mechanical Effects on Transmissivity During Initial Injection at Desert Peak (Nv)
By S. BenatoA low flow rate, low pressure shear-stimulation injection phase of an Engineered Geothermal System (EGS) experiment at Desert Peak produced improved injection rate under constant wellhead conditions consistent with hydraulically-induced mechanical shear failure (Modes II and III) within the rock mass. The observed pressure response is computationally simulated and utilized for calibration of a numerical solution. The present study offers a new perspective on the complex hydro-mechanical interactions between injected fluid, the existing natural fracture/fault network and the stress field. We use statistical fracture analysis and hydro-mechanical modeling to define and demonstrate a conceptual framework for the Desert Peak EGS experiment. Discrete network simulations, based on site-specific fracture attributes, are used to derive equivalent permeability tensors of the background fracture networks for comparison with preferred fluid migration directions observed in both hydraulic and tracer tests. FLAC3D, a hydro-mechanical simulator, is used to investigate changes in stress and displacement according to a Mohr-Coulomb frictional model subjected to perturbations in pore pressure. Conditions for shear failure due to pressure and stress field alterations exist in areas of the model consistent with the location of micro-seismicity monitored during the EGS experiment.
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Outcrop-based Reservoir Modeling of a Naturally Fractured Siliciclastic CO2 Sequestration Site, Svalbard, Arctic Norway
Authors K. Ogata, K. Senger, J. Tveranger, A. Braathen and S. OlaussenWe present a geological model of an unconventional siliciclastic reservoir projected for CO2 sequestration near Longyearbyen, Svalbard. The reservoir is characterized by a substantial sub-hydrostatic pressure regime, very low matrix porosity and –permeability values, extensive natural fracturing and the presence of igneous dykes and sills. Due to the poor reservoir properties of the matrix, flow in the reservoir is largely governed by fracture properties. Input data to the model includes four boreholes, partly or completely penetrating the reservoir section, offshore and onshore 2D seismic profiles and structural and sedimentological data collected from nearby outcrops of the target formation. Combined, these datasets provide firm modeling constraints with respect to the regional geometry, sedimentology and fracture patterns. Previous work has shown that the observed fractures can be grouped into five distinct litho-structural units (LSUs), each exhibiting a characteristic set of properties (fracture density, orientation etc.). The spatial distribution of these LSUs is incorporated into the model. Initial first-order water injection tests using a commercial streamline simulator validate the applicability of this model for further fluid injection tests, including the long-term monitoring of injected CO2.
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Influence of Chemical Degradation on Shear Behaviour of a Rock Joint - Application to CO2 Geological Storage
Authors O. Nouailletas, C. Perlot, C. La Borderie and G. BallivyCO2 sequestration in deep geological formation is one way to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions causing global warming. Possible geological fault reactivation is an important aspect of site durability and must be considered. This phenomena stems from modifications of fault balance, such as new effective stress or chemical deterioration of fault roughness. This last situation defines the thematic developed in this work: analysis of the fault roughness modifications induced by a chemical degradation and their consequences on mechanic stability. The present study shows the evolution of the shear behaviour of an existing crack in Campanian Flysch specimens with chemical degradation. For that purpose, crack surfaces were immersed in an acidic solution ([HCl] = 0.6 mol.l-1) at a constant pH during 6 hours. A first analysis focused on the evolution of roughness parameters and material loss induced by chemical attack. Once degradation was characterized, direct shear tests on sound and chemically degraded samples were performed in the University of Sherbrooke (Québec, Canada). Classical curves of direct shear test (shear stress vs. Tangential displacement and dilatancy) of damaged samples show an important modification of the shear behavior : degraded joints have no shear stress peak and its contractance are more important.
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Exergy Analysis of Coupled CO2 Sequestration with Geothermal Energy Production
By H. WoodrowThe case analysed in this study is the direct injection of captured CO2 into aquifer water that has been pumped to the surface by the geothermal plant, thereby being stored in solution. An exergy analysis of the process as a whole, utilising recently produced data on the exergy inputs and outputs of coupled CCS and geothermal technology. The system has been divided into core systems each characterised in a MATLAB exergy model, comprising of two parts, i) a case study model taking previous exergy studies of power plants and geothermal plants and integrating them allowing for validation of the model based on current systems; ii) is a theoretical model allowing for a continuous analysis of each component, this is based on utilising emission factors of power plants and then looking at identifying the optimum geothermal plant size for the dissolution of the associated CO2. The construction of the models has further looked to develop on the current state of exergy analysis by increasing the level of physics by departing from utilising ideal gas states to an improved equation of state better able to capture the fluid properties in particular of Carbon dioxide.
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Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Two-phase Multi-components Flow with Reactive Transport in Porous Media - Application to Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide
Authors E. Ahusborde, B. Amaziane, M. Kern and V. VostrikovModelling and numerical simulation of two-phase multi-components flow with reactive transport in porous media: application to geological storage of carbon dioxide.
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Surface and Near Surface Geochemical Surveying of a CO2 Injection Pilot: application study to the French Pyrenean Foreland (Rousse CCS Pilot)
Authors F.G. Gal, Z. Pokryszka, S. Lafortune and K. MichelThe geochemical monitoring of the Rousse injection pilot, operated by TOTAL Exploration Pproduction France, is presented over a 5- years long time period. The monitoring consisted in the acquisition at regular frequency of soil gas concentrations and fluxes at selected sampling points, coupled with the study of the geochemical parameters evolution of a perched aquifer overlying the storage reservoir through a dedicated 85 m depth borehole. Baseline data were acquired between September 2008 and December 2009 then the monitoring shifted to the surveying of the pilot during the operating phase. This second phase ended in March 2013. Data acquired during these two phases are presented and discussed.
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Experimental and Modeling Investigations of Some Thermophysical Properties of CO2 Rich Mixtures
Authors V. Lachet, B. Creton, A. Di Lella, D. Le Roux, P. Mougin, C. Prinet and P. Duchet-SuchauxIn CCS operations, the CO2 stream captured from industrial installations using oxycombustion process is not a pure CO2: it contains some associated compounds. This mixture of gases may have significantly different thermo-physical properties as compared to pure CO2. For a global account of these impacts and for a precise specification of maximal amounts of associated compounds that can be tolerated in CO2 flues, further investigations are strongly required. Obtaining accurate knowledge of the thermodynamic behaviour of CO2-associated gases mixtures is part of the studies that are necessary to develop optimized CCS processes. In the present study, the thermodynamic behaviour and transport properties of some CO2 rich mixtures have been investigated using different complementary approaches: experimental measurements, molecular simulation and equation of state modelling. We have first investigated some simple binary mixtures, and then focused on the study of the CO2 flue injected in the Rousse CO2 storage pilot conducted by TOTAL SA. In this pilot, CO2 is produced by oxycombustion from natural gas transformed into fuel gas at the Lacq plant, and transported in a pipeline 30 km away to the depleted gas reservoir of Rousse. This CO2 stream is a quaternary mixture composed of CO2, O2, N2 and Ar.
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A Summary of the Research Conducted at Uppa in Relation to the Rousse CO2 Storage Project
Authors D. Broseta, O. Nouailletas, C. Perlot, C. La Borderie, C. Langlais, F. Contamine and P. CezacThe Rousse CO2 storage project has consisted in injecting over a 3-year period (from 2010 to 2013) about 50 000 tons of CO2 into a depleted gas field located near the city of Pau. This project has been a unique opportunity to investigate various scientific and technological issues related to CO2 storage, with scopes/applicabilities exceeding those of this particular projet. University of Pau & Pays de l'Adour has been involved in these investigations along with other academic or research institutions including BRGM, IFPEN, IPGP and University of Nancy. The topics examined by UPPA are seal and fault response to CO2. The methodologies devised and implemented for assessing top seal integrity and the evolution of rock joint roughness and shear behaviour in presence of CO2 have made use of samples from the overburden of the Rousse reservoir.
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A Geochemical Approach for Monitoring a CO2 Pilot Site - Rousse, France
By B. GarciaThe main objective of this paper is to present geochemical monitoring results of gas characterization combined with CO2-carbon isotopes and noble gas analyses. This R&D work marks a novel approach to the CO2 monitoring strategy envisaged in a CCS project. The results obtained and presented here comes from R&D project between IFPEN and TOTAL SA company and also from Sentinelle ANR project. This methodology and results obtained attempt to better understand the dynamic between the gas field, the aquifer, the surface and the atmosphere, in order to detect any eventual leakage of the injected CO2 from the reservoir to the near surface.
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Six Years of Intensive Research Cooperation to the Lacq-Rousse Pilot of Total - The Academic Point of View from GeoRessources Lab
Authors J. Pironon, P. de Donato, J. Sterpenich and P. FaureThis paper presents the feedback of 6 years of research programs led by GeoRessources lab of Université de Lorraine about geochemistry of the Rousse pilot of Total. Intense cooperation between academic labs, EPIC, very small companies, industry, government organizations supported three main research programs covering a wide vertical scale from planetary boundary layer to deep reservoir rock (around 6 km). Main innovative results concern the development of new remote sensors and new completion/sensors combinations for in situ on-line gas measurements. Major research advances show very high natural variations of CO2 with time and soil location, allow the establishment of prediction law for the evolution with time of CO2 content in soil, contribute to geological and geochemical models for reservoir and caprock and describe the mechanisms of oxidation of CH4 and mineralogical assemblages of Rousse reservoir. In the biosphere/atmosphere interface, experimental 3D simulation of natural CO2 envelopes directly above the injection site of Rousse has been developed for the first time. The implication of GeoRessources lab to the Lacq-Rousse pilot research program of Total has produced numerous new geochemical and technical concepts. Such results are transferred to other applications in different domains: security of industrial sites, environment control, and geodynamics of the Pyrenees.
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