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Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2020
- Conference date: September 14-18, 2020
- Location: Perm, Russia
- Published: 14 September 2020
121 - 136 of 136 results
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Comparison of the Upper Section Velocity Models Built with Tomography and FWI
Authors A.A. Tikhonov and S. SymeSummaryThis paper considers results of upper section velocity model creation using first arrivals tomography and Full Waveform Inversion of Early-Arrival Waveform. The comparison is made for different models and the limitations and advantages of each method in specific geological conditions are shown. Reliable solution for creating near-surface model is premised not only on using well- known and proven seismic algorithms such as Generalized Linear Inversion (GLI3D) or Early-Arrival Waveform Tomography (FWI). It also includes joint inversion of electrometry and microgravimetry data. The solution obtained for near-surface velocity model satisfies not only the measured seismic, but also electrical and gravitational fields.
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Geophysical Survey of a Mud Volcano Chongeleksky
Authors I.N Modin, A.D. Skobelev, A.Y. Palenov, T.P. Shirokova, D.A. Kvon, T.B. Sokolova, I.V. Lygin and D.A. ArutyunyanSummaryChangelessly mud volcano refers to bulganakskoie type with the constant mode of eruption and irregular placement of griffins and Salz. The volcano is located in the core of the Tobechik anticline, the axis of which, presumably, sinks under the bottom of the Tobechik lake and extends to the NORTH. In order to assess the possibility of using non-seismic geophysical methods in the study of such geological formations, a set of ground-based geophysical studies was performed on the South shore of lake Tobechik, including electrotomography (ERT), the natural electric field (SP) method, surface water resistivity, area survey of the magnetic field, kappametry, profile observations of gravity field anomalies, radiometry, registration of emanations, thermometry and petrophysical modeling of resistivity. Based on the results of ground-based geophysical studies, the studied profiles make it possible to understand the structure of the Chongelek mud volcano, which is consistent with the geological concepts of the structure of such objects. Given a more dense network of observations, involving research in the lake area and aerial photography of the area using UAVs, we can talk about the possibility of studying the structure of such phenomena using non-seismic methods.
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Experience of Using Magnetic Prospecting in the Study of Undetected Burial Mounds on the Surface of the Suzdal Opole
Authors I.N. Modin, S.A. Erokhin, A.Y. Palenov, V.A. Shevchenko and S.S. RybakovSummarySuzdal`skoe Opol`e is the historical center of North-Eastern Russia, which is the subject of close attention of archaeological science. One of the problems is the search for burial mounds: in plowed parts they are completely destroyed and are not visible visually and in the topographic survey data. The most promising approach to studying the structure of barrow necropolises is the use of geophysics.The main emphasis in geophysical research was on electrical prospecting. But when studying poorly preserved structures, there was a need for an additional methodand magnetic prospecting perfectly suited this role. At the same time, an interesting effect was revealed - anomalies from the ditches change their sign in different areas of the survey.
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15 Years of Development of Electrotomography In Russia
Authors I.N. Modin, A.A. Bobachev, D.K. Bolshakov, V.A. Shevnin, M.N. Marchenko and K.D. EfremovSummaryElectric Resistivity Tomography has been developing in Russia in just fifteen years almost exclusively under the influence of the personal initiative of a large group of geophysicists and designers. But we have already made significant progress. An instrument base has been created, which consists of a large set of specialized tools, focused on the various needs of geophysicists-production workers, scientists and teachers. The software is very high world-level developed for the processing and interpretation of ERT data. New technological directions in ERT have been developed that are focused on solving geological problems for a wide variety of geographical and climatic conditions that are typical for our country. Fundamentally new geophysical data have been obtained that make it possible to solve very complex geological problems in the search for ore objects, research of archaeology objects, study of karst, landslides, zones of tectonic disturbances, permafrost, the structures of modern and ancient river valleys, complex hydrogeological and environmental problems. Electric Resistivity Tomography, as it develops, becomes the most important tool in the hands of geologists.
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Results of Geophysical Investigations at an Archaeological Site, Dancent, Located at the Mouth of the Syr Darya River
Authors I.N. Modin, A.Y. Palenov, T.P. Bocharov, S.S. Rybakov, A.V. Kuvinov and A.D. Prikhod’koSummaryHere are the results of geophysical investigations at the ancient Jankent. High-precision orthophotography was performed using an unmanned drone for the first time on the territory of the ancient settlement of Jankent, which allowed revealing new details in the city's layout. Magnetic survey inside the settlement of Jankent has been completed, which has shown its high efficiency for this type of archaeological sites. The General structure of the city blocks of the Jankent was revealed by using magnetic survey. There are strong linear anomalies of positive and negative signs that are located along the main street. Especially strong positive anomalies correspond to the transition from the Western to the Eastern part of the city. Many local positive magnetic field anomalies were detected throughout the city, which probably correspond to the remains of oven for various purposes. The performed ERT studies confirmed the similarity of the structure of the walls and platform backfills throughout the site of the settlement. Seismic studies indicate a different structure of the upper part of the section inside and outside the city. Apparently, a long period of accumulation of sediments and the cultural layer led to the appearance of an abnormal density section inside the settlement.
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Essay on the Regional Geology of the Paleozoic Pyrite Deposits of the Urals
Authors E.S. Kontar and V.A. DushinSummaryThe report describes the geology, genesis, patterns of distribution of pyrite deposits in the Urals. The geological epochs of accumulation of pyrite ores are described in detail. The state and prospects of the mineral resource base of pyrite deposits in the Urals are estimated.
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Features of processing of mine seismic data on transverse waves with reflection separation
By A.M. PrigaraSummaryBased on studies of the direction of propagation of the field of elastic vibrations in the mines of the Verkhnekamskoye salt Deposit, employees of the research laboratory of Geophysics of JSC VNII Galurgii, with the support of Uralkali, developed a method for mine seismic exploration on transverse waves with reflection separation (TWRS). Field works in this method are performed by the method of reflected waves according to the method of a common middle point using horizontally oriented seismic receivers installed in the wall of the workings. Excitation of vibrations occurs by horizontal blows to the wall where the sensors are installed, along two lines of source points, above and below the receiving line. Further research has shown that the developed method allows obtaining objective data on the structure of the salt column. However, the materials obtained in this case have a significant difference from the results obtained by other methods. In this regard, there was a need to develop a basic graph for processing data obtained by the TWRS method, which is what this work is devoted to.
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GPR Studies of Overburden Rocks With a Crack Filled With Ice During the Development of Alluvial Diamond Deposits in Yakutia
Authors N.D. Prudetskiy, K.O. Sokolov and R.A. DyagilevaSummaryThe practice of large diamond mining enterprises shows that the presence of cracks filled with ice in the overburden rock mass complicates the efficiency of drilling and blasting operations. Currently, various geophysical methods are used to detect cracks, so for studying at shallow depths (up to 30 m), it is possible to use the GPR method. Physical modeling of GPR sounding of a rock mass with a crack filled with ice was performed to develop criteria for identifying cracks in permafrost rocks using the method of GPR.As a result, radargrams were obtained, on which contrasting electrophysical boundaries, reflecting the structure of the model, were clearly traced. A frequency analysis of GPR signals was performed, on the basis of which spectral signs of detecting a crack filled with ice in a rock mass were established, changes in the axes of synphase of GPR signals reflected from the lower and upper boundaries of the ice were detected, the shape of the Fourier spectrum of the GPR tracing received in ice was determined and in sand. On the basis of the established criteria, an approbation of crack detection at the “Mayat” diamond placer deposit is presented.
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Multilevel magnetic survey with UAVs to study linear industrial objects
Authors M. Kosnyreva, K. Kuznetsov, A. Palenov, L. Zolotaya, I. Lygin and D. ArutyunyanSummaryThis article is dedicated to analysis of multi-level magnetic survey’s data conducted on one of the test areas of gas pipeline network. The main task of the research is development of optimal technique and evaluate the practical possibility of low-altitude aerial magnetic survey with UAV when solving the problems of searching and localization of various types of iron-containing technogenic linear objects. Two types of measurements were performed: ground magnetic survey at a height of 2 meters (the height of the sensor) above the ground and aeromagnetic survey using a quadrocopter carrier at heights of 5 meters and 20 meters. Aeromagnetic survey was carried out according to the new technology of low-altitude surveys using the GEOSCAN 401 aeromagnetic complex, based on a quadrocopter and a quantum magnetometer. According to the research results, all existing underground communications (pipelines, wells) were identified, their depth was determined, and optimal parameters of magnetic survey were developed for searching of underground industrial object.
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Hydro-Geo-Mechanical Stratification Clastic Sediments of the Coal Fields
Authors S.N. Tagiltsev, V.S. Tagiltsev, A.E. Lukianov and S.V. SurganovSummaryThe structure and filtration properties of a fractured water – bearing complex up to a depth of 600–1000 m were analyzed on the territory of the mountain-folded Urals, Kuzbass and Eastern Donbass. Vertical anisotropy of filtration properties of terrigenous deposits is revealed. It is established that the distribution of permeable zones in the section has a regular character, which does not have a close connection with the lithological composition of rocks. General regularities in the formation of the filtration structure of rock massifs of coal-bearing basins and vertical crack zoning of rock massifs of the Ural region are noted. The natural change in the number of permeable cracks in the section is explained and justified on the basis of representations describing the change in the stress state of rock massifs with depth. Open permeable cracks in Paleozoic rocks are considered in hydrogeomechanics as a result of deformation of rock massifs under the influence of modern tectonic forces. The near-surface zone of permeable cracks, with a capacity of 600 – 1000 meters or more, is considered as a zone of brittle deformation of the earth's crust.
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Self-Potential signals associated with pumping test of heterogenous aquifers: numerical modelling
Authors А.A. Mikhailenko, P.K. Konosavsky and K.V. TitovSummaryIn this paper, we present Self-Potential (SP) signals associated with pumping tests of heterogeneous aquifers. A technique of 3D SP modelling is based on the use of MODFLOW package. We study numerically six models of aquifers: models 1a and 2b when the aquifer consists of two parts of different hydraulic conductivity; models 2a and 2b contained a planar layer with distinct hydraulic conductivity; and models 3a and 3b included a cylindrical inhomogeneity. For model 1 we detected maximum well-boundary distance at 300 m where the boundary is marked. For model 2 starting from about 100 m distance between the well and the outer boundary this boundary is not marked in both the drawdown and SP distributions. For model 3 two boundaries are marked. We obtained a close correlation between drawdowns and SP signals for models 1a, 2a and model 3. We consider these results can serve as a base for tomography of aquifers based on SP data.
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Improving the Efficiency of Hydrodynamic Studies of Oil and Gas Wells by Applying PBL
Authors G.A. Tsvetkov, V.I. Kostitsyn and T.I. SakhautdinovSummaryThis article describes the design of the PBL, which is protected by a patent for a utility model, describes the device and principle of operation of the PBL, the results of its field tests. The article examines the effectiveness of using the PBL of service company Drilling equipment as a preventive measure to minimize the risks of accidents when drilling oil and gas wells.
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Adaptive Separation of Abnormal Geomagnetic Field Components
Authors A.S. Dolgal and V.A. VoroshilovAbstractAlgorithm of decomposition of profile measurements of geophysical data by adaptive basis is proposed. In the course of iterative process, the orthogonal different-frequency components of non-stationary signal close to intrinsic mode functions are allocated. In contrast to EMD, for the construction of the upper and lower envelopes of the signal, piecewise-defined functions with exponentially increasing length of the intervals of approximation are used. Local mean signal values are smoothed by harmonic functions whose parameters are determined by solving well-conditioned systems of linear algebraic equations. Distinctive features of the algorithm are the suppression of edges effects and mode mixing, which in some cases complicate the application of the EMD method. A practical example of algorithm application of magnetic data is given.
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Application of the Complex of Geophysical and Atmogeochemical Methods to Solution of Geoecological Tasks at Mining Plots of Closed Mines in the Eastern Donbass
By N.E. FomenkoSummaryThis article shows opportunities of geophysical and atmogeochemical methods for solution of tasks of geoecological monitoring in coal deposits. The study object is the analysis of geoecological state of the territory of mining plots of closed mines of the Eastern Donbass on the basis of the materials of field geophysical and atmogeochemical observations. The methodology of the study includes measurements of parameters of the studied fields on the plots selected for this study with the complex of methods such as EP (method of permanent natural electricity), EPTS (technology of electro-potential tomographic sounding), MSEF (technology of spatial electric filtration), and also atmogeochemical (gas) and gravimetric surveys. This paper provides examples of 1) detection of highly-altered coal deposits, tectonically- and technogenically-disturbed zones on the plot of projected tower-line wind power devices; 2) finding big EP anomaly on the mining plot of the mine closed by wet-conservation approach. It is given the version of the anomaly formation due to massive filtration process in the conditions of sharp change of groundwater movement within the mined anthracite bed in the zone of its conjunction with a fault.
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A Complex of Geophysical Data Collection Methods for Assessing the Dynamic Properties of Soils
Authors M.P. Shirobokov and V.V. KapustinSummaryFields of dynamic stresses (vibration fields) along with fields of static stresses constantly exist in soil massifs and structures. The intensity of these fields varies during the day, depending on the mode of action of technogenic and natural processes. The presence of vibration fields can lead to the formation of deformations in soil bases and structures themselves, changes the flow rate of negative processes (suffusion, landslides, subsidence, etc.). The methods of vibration diagnostics are widely used in technology (diagnostics of mechanisms and parts). As part of geotechnical surveys, these methods have recently been applied.
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Efficiency Evaluation of High-Resolution Seismic; Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Electromagnetic Surveys on Rivers, Based on Modelling Studies
Authors A. Simakov, S. Vakulenko, A. Politcina, P. Ivanov, E. Rusakov, M. Marchenko and N. ShustovSummaryThe main aim of the work was the efficiency evaluation of several water area geophysical survey techniques intended for shallow studies in different geological conditions. The results are based on synthetic data obtained for more than twenty geoelectrical models, typical for rivers of Central and North-Western regions of Russia. During the work, we have considered following survey techniques, where the moving measurement array is supposed to be implemented: high-resolution seismic, electrical resistivity imaging with towed multi-electrode array, controlled source radiomagnetotelluric sounding. Obtained results are important at the stage of planning of real geophysical surveys and can help one to select the measurement technique appropriate for geological structure under investigation.
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