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Geoinformatics: Theoretical and Applied Aspects 2020
- Conference date: May 11-14, 2020
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 11 May 2020
1 - 100 of 151 results
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Technology of Frequency Resonance Processing of Satellite Images: Results of Testing on gold deposits and areas of gold ore occurrences
Authors M. Yakymchuk, I. N. Korchagin and G. DrogitskayaSummaryThe results of testing mobile and direct prospecting technology of frequency-resonance processing of satellite images and photo images at large gold deposits Boddington (Australia) and Muruntau (Uzbekistan), as well as at areas of gold ore occurrences in Australia and Ukraine, are presented. At a large Boddington deposit, responses from gold were recorded up to 2600 m, and at the largest Muruntau, up to 2000 m. Within the Ilkurlka ring structure (Australia), gold ore mineralization intervals were recorded from the surface up to 2000 m. Within a prospecting site in Ukraine, responses from gold were obtained from intervals of 49–99 m and 590–650 m. All examined objects are located in the contours of deep channels (volcanoes) with roots at 470 and 996 km, filled with granites. In the contours of the Yarrabubba crater, responses at gold frequencies have not been recorded. Responses from gold were recorded only in granite volcanoes with roots at a depth of 470 km. The research materials, presented in the report, as well as those conducted earlier, will allow us to formulate statistically substantiated recommendations of a methodological nature for the search for fuels and ore minerals.
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The use of geoinformation technologies for visualization the features of the underwater terrain of the Antarctic Territories and the geological processes which contributed to its formation
Authors M. D. Krochak, M. V. Bandurenko, V. I. Holoborodko and Y. I. VoropaiSummaryThe aim of the presented work is creating a 3D image of the seafloor of the northwest coast of the Antarctic Peninsula in the area of Argentine Islands at the location of the Ukrainian Antarctic station “Academician Vernadsky”. The bathymetric maps of the seafloor of this water area became the actual material. Depths of 730 points in the area of 5,6 km 2 were taken to create the database. ArcGIS methods of spatial analysis were used to create the 3D model: Arc Map 10.1.4, Arc Scene 10.1.4, and Surfer 10. The simulation results are compared by different methods. It was concluded that there is an undeniable advantage of the model built by Arc GIS methods, which give an idea of the smallest elements of underwater terrain. The main geological processes that have formed the modern morphology of the seafloor are the tectonics of fault character and the exogenous erosion glacial plowing processes, processes of the suspension flows that created the submarine valleys between the islands and canyons on the continental slope.
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“Paleogeomorphological atlas” as a way to accumulate generalized and obtain new information «historical-dynamic morphosystem of the Earth»
SummaryNow the geomorphology object of the relief of the Earth is specified as a historical-dynamic morphosystem of the Earth.
The historical-dynamic morphosystem of the Earth continuously forms its own space-time - the geomorpholithosphere.
The historical-dynamic morphosystem of the Earth and geomorpholithosphere are studied mainly by paleogeomorphology.
An important task of paleogeomorphology is the development of paleogeomorphological mapping, which involves the creation of paleogeomorphological maps and their atlases.
When compiling paleogeomorphological atlases, theories and methods are directly and indirectly used: non-equilibrium thermodynamics theory, general systems theory, morphochronodynamic concept, morphochronodynamic analysis, regional geomorphological analysis, complex paleogeomorphological analysis, cartographic method, mathematical and statistical method.
There are sufficient conditions to create “paleogeomorphological atlases” of the terrains of the former USSR.
“Paleogeomorphological atlases” consist of the following sections: 1) explanatory text; 2) traditional paleogeomorphological maps; 3) a new type of maps built on a morphochronodynamic basis; 4) special maps for individual objects - traditional and “new”; 5) special maps that have theoretical and practical orientation.
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Retrospective monitoring of changes in land areas under the quarries of the «Mokryanskogo deposit II» based on the analysis of different space images
Authors A. V. Skorobahatko, I. M. Baysarovych, M. S. Kovalchuk and V. V. BabiySUMMARYRetrospective monitoring of the change of lot land areas under the quarries of «Mokryanskogo deposit II» was carried out. It was set that as a result of mining by an open method, the area of lot lands under careers during 2004–2018 changed insignificantly. After completion of work in one of quarries of the deposit and subsequent recultivation, the amount of quarries diminished from 4 to 3.
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Seven-year cyclicity manifestations in groundwater mode revealed by wavelet analysi
Authors O. Shevchenko, A. Skorbun and D. CharnyiSUMMARYStatistical methods, mainly wavelet analysis, showed the presence of 7–8 -year cycles of levels and runoff of groundwater in the Pivdennyi Bug river basin. These rhythms have been manifesting since 1989, which is the year of the beginning of significant climate change in Ukraine. These rhythms largely correspond to the rhythms of precipitation (8.7 years), river runoff and especially rhythms of temperature (8 years). It is also important that the cyclicity of 7–8 years in the GWL mode is practically not affected by local factors (degree of regulation, lithology, depth of the GWL, distance from the river, etc.), which significantly influence the rhythms of other periodicity. Instead, more regular cycles of 10–11 years, corresponding to the rhythms of solar activity, are almost non-existent after 1986. However, after 2003–2006, the daily GWL rhythm of 7–8 years (7.9 ± 0.6) also becomes irregular, which may be due to a new rotating meteorological phenomenon, which can lead to irreversible changes in the groundwater balance.
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Lidar photography – as a source for filling the 3D cadastre and the BIM database
More LessSUMMARYThe use of intelligent work of execution tools and their integration with augmented reality systems minimizes the difference between virtual and actual models, identifying unplanned situations in a timely manner and offering ways to respond.
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Problems of registration of geological sites (monuments) in the State Land Cadastre
Authors L. V. Samoilenko and V. I. ZatserkovnyiSUMMARYThe main object of research in this publication is increase the informative nature of the electronic resources of the SLC on the NRF objects, the unification of the data set on the geological monuments of nature and nature reserves as NRF objects, the establishment of the exact area and boundaries of the territories of the geological monuments and nature reserves, their protection zones to avoid forbidden activities in the areas of geological monuments of nature and nature reserves in order to protect and preserve them
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The Experience of Modeling Magmatogenic Ore Systems on the Example of Zhumba Quartz-Vein Deposit, East Kazakhstan
Authors V. I. Zatserkovnyi, M. A. Mizernaya, G. B. Orazbekova and A. P. MiroshnikovaSUMMARYThe definite ore metasomatic system was reconstructed in trans-intrusive zone of hidden granitoid solid mass on the example of studying Zhumba ore zone by the methods of system analysis.
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Determining of the effects of groundwater regime on the status of architectural monuments of Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra
Authors V. M. Hudak, I. A. Cherevko, V. I. Zatserkovnyi, V. I. Ostroukh and A. V. IlchenkoSummaryThe main purpose of research is interpret the data of long-term observations of surface-water and ground-water regimes with determination of the factors of influence that lead to disturbance of hydrogeological conditions of the territory of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra.
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Analysis of the accuracy of the orthophoto map building according to aerial photography results executed with UAV
Authors V. I. Zatserkovnyi, S. D. Kryachok, L. S. Mamontova, B. Popkov and I. ChepkovSummaryAssess the accuracy of the orthophotomap, aerial survey was performed to create a plan on a scale of 1: 2000 of the territory of the Kachanivka National Historical and Cultural Reserve, located in the Ichnyansky district of the Chernihiv region.
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Using of Landsat space images to study the dynamic of coastline changes in the Black Sea north-western part in 1983–2013
Authors E. A. Cherkez, V. I. Medinets, T. V. Pavlik, Ye. I. Gazyetov, S. V. Medinets and T. V. KozlovaSUMMARYPurpose of the work has been to study different coastal areas’ growth/ reduction resulting from coastlines dynamics changes under abrasion and accumulation processes in the North-Western Black Sea (NWBS) influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors in 1983–2013. Methodology. LANDSAT space images of 1983–2013 and historical experimental data have been utilized as the initial and geological data for thisinvestigation. Processing has been done out using ArcGIS 9.2. Results. The results of study have shown that main areas with maximal changes of coastline location are river deltas (Danube, Dniester, Dnipro), as well as bay-bars of practically all the Black Sea limans (estuaries). Estimations of changes of coastal land areas’ increase (+)/ decrease (−) have been presented and discussed. Conclusions. Maximal changes of coastline position in the North-Western part of the Black Sea were registered in the Danube Delta, areas of the Sasyk and Dniester Limans and Odesa Bay. Land area in those locations grew by more than 16 km2. In other NWBS coastal areas decrease of land terrain was observed, i.e. destruction of coasts, which made about 5 km2. At that, it should be noted that the biggest changes were taking place in the past decade.
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The theory of information providing for researches and works on geological environment management
SUMMARYThe concept of the theory of information provision for research and works (R&D) on the geological environment management (ISRDGEM) is presented. The main provisions of the ISRDGEM theory are stated – the formulation of the concept of infogeology as an independent direction of geoinformatics, presentation of the general theoretical scheme of ISRDGEM designation of the main directions of ISRDGEM and the concept of frame organization of the geological environment (GE), as a methodological apparatus for structuring and subsequent modeling operations, examples of the implementation of theoretical developments at specific geological objects are demonstrated. The features of information modeling in the main areas of GE management are considered. Examples of information models implementing for placers, oil and gas deposits development and other fields are given. The main directions of further research are outlined.
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Use of spatial morphometric analysis of the Zmiinyi island underwater slope relief to reveal tectonic movements in Holocene
SummaryPurpose of the work has been to reveal the features of morphometric characteristics of modern relief of the Zmiinyi Island underwater slope in order to identify the stages of geological development and assess intensity of vertical tectonic movements in Holocene. Methodology. Nautical charts and results of bathymetric surveys down to 30–35 m depth performed in 2009–2015 using echo sounder have been used as the source data for the digital model of underwater slope’s relief. Using the digital model of sea, bottom depths hypsometric curve has been built to establish the generalized values of abrasion benches location depths (used as indicators of ancient coastlines), map of the island underwater slope inclinations and amplitudes of abrasion benches displacement have been determined to estimate the size, sign and speed of vertical tectonic movements. Results. From absolute values of modern depths and ages of abrasion benches, relative deformations of primary horizontal levels of abrasion benches caused by tectonic displacements have been calculated. It has been shown that average speed of relative tectonic movements with negative sign in the north-eastern area of the island in Holocene used to make 0.75 mm/year. Conclusions. Morphometric analysis of the detailed bathymetric studies has revealed correspondence of hypsometric levels of coastal benches between the north-western Black Sea shelf and the Zmiinyi Island underwater slope, which evidences the connection of certain stages of geological development of the Black Sea and the island in the time of Holocene transgression. Assessment of relative deformations of primary horizontal levels of abrasion benches caused by differentiated tectonic displacements of separate blocks has been presented.
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Use of geoinformation technology to study the structure and morphometric parameters of river basins
Authors M. M. Prykhodko, V. V. Romaniuk, D. V. Kukhtar, I. L. Bodnaruk and M. V. AdamovychSUMMARYThe need to preserve and restore the natural environment, to ensure the environmental safety of geographical entities are priority conditions for the implementation of a dominant social paradigm –balanced development (in harmony with nature). At the same time, river basin is the unit of management, planning and design of environmentally safe geographical entities. The use of geoinformation technology plays an important role in the study of the structure and morphometric parameters of river basins. Based on the data analysis by ASTER GDEM, as well as a digital topographic base of 1:100 000 scale in the environment of ArcGis software product and Spatial Analyst module, a 3-dimensional model of the earth’s surface was designed to study the structure and morphometric parameters the Opir river basin. The boundaries of the basin have been determined, streams of different orders have been identified. An angle and exposure of slopes were determined. The analysis of the structure of the basin and morphometric parameters was performed by comparing their mean values and percentages.
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Geoelectrical heterogeneities of the crust and upper mantle of the territory of Ukraine
Authors A. Kushnir, T. Burakhovych, V. Ilyenko and B. ShyrkovSummaryAccording to the research, the geoelectric heterogeneities in the earth’s crust and upper mantle of Ukraine were revealed, they are characterized by the anomalously low and anomalously high electrical resistivity values. The conductivity zones that reach the surface are characterized by the subvertical heterogeneity and assemble the galvanically linked system. It spatially coincides with the deep faults of the different rank that are distinguished according to the geological data. The earth’s crust independently of the geological and tectonic region is characterized by anomalous conductivity layers, the upper edge of which is observed at the different depths from 2 to 20 km with an apparent resistivity up to 100 Ohm∙m. The geoelectrical heterogeneity of the upper mantle was revealed in the Pre-Dobrudja and Crimean-Black Sea regions, and only fragmentarily under the Ukrainian shield, the Pripyat depression, and the Dnipro-Donets basin. The paper is with the explaining of the high-electrical conductivity anomaly nature based on the results of the geological and geoelectrical data complex analysis and their study as one of the factors of the geodynamic processes for the ore mineralization and hydrocarbon search.
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Structure of the “Relict continental dunes” GIS geodatabase as the basis of unification, systematization and analysis of information
Authors L. Dubis, N. Habchak, S. Bortnyk, V. Zatserkovnyi and Yu. AndreychukSummaryThe purpose of this study is to create a unified geodatabase of containing information on relict (continental) dunes. Continental dunes are widespread in Eurasia and North America. In the studies by many authors, a considerable amount of information regarding the distribution of continental dunes, their morphology and lithology of sediments has been obtained. This information requires unification and systematization. The study proposes the structure of the “Relict continental dunes” multilevel geodatabase. The principle of territorial display of aeolian forms has become a priority in concept of geodatabase development. The geodatabase consists of five major relational multilevel blocks. The advantage of proposed geodatabase is the coverage of a large amount of information about the objects under study and ability to quick analysis it with the spatial display of the research object. The main tool for building the geodatabase is ArcGIS Desktop 9.0. The geodatabase structure uses a variety of RS and cartographic data processed by GIS, field surveys and laboratory analysis methods. Overall, geodatabase contains systematic, geocoded and layered raster, vector and text, data types in SHP, MDB, GRID/IMG, and TIN formats.
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Interactive map of the nature reserve fund of Ukraine in the Poltava region as an innovative measure of environmental monitoring
Authors E. Bondarenko and M. KyryliukSUMMARYThe article is dedicated to issues of thematic interactive map creation of the nature reserve fund of Ukraine in Poltava region. It is defined as a modern mapping service. That is the result of work and an innovative and effective application tool, in particular for environmental monitoring of the region.
On the basis of modern scientific methods types of objects of the nature reserve fund on the map are applied. The possibility of obtaining additional meta-information about them through pop-up dialogues and hyperlinks are substantiated.
It is proved this holistic cartographic work and at the same time dynamic information-cartographic system must match the modern practice requirements. Different groups of users in the framework of environmental monitoring must be informed to perform a number of important strategic and tactical tasks.
The algorithm of regional geoinformation mapping of the nature reserve fund of Ukraine has developed. This is generally characterized by consistent implementation of tasks at three levels: theoretical, informational, logical, and practical.
The list of information mapping layers of the interactive map, which make up its contents and are obtained. This is based on using various types of data from the created object-oriented database
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Methods for mapping and assessment drivers of change effects on terrestrial and marine ecosystem services in Lithuania
Authors E. Gomes, M. Inácio, K. Mikša, M. Kalinauskas and P. PereiraSUMMARYDifferent mechanisms drive marine and terrestrial ecosystems changes. The present study aimed at presenting a conceptual methodology to map marine and terrestrial changes, to recognize their drivers of change, and to measure the impacts of land management in Lithuania. To model changes in the terrestrial part a Cellular automata-Markov chain approach is proposed for the following four scenarios: business as usual; urbanization; land abandonment; and agricultural intensification. To measure its impacts the InVEST habitat model is endorsed. For the marine part, changes will be addressed in land and in the sea applying driver specific approaches. The outcomes can provide decision-makers anticipate futures uncertainties.
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Seismic tomographic model along the geotraverse VI profile
Authors D. V. Lysynchuk, L. V. Farfuliak, K. V. Kolomiets and O. V. KolomietsSummaryThe reinterpretation of the “old” seismic data along the line of the 900 km long geotraverse profile is represented by a seismic tomographic model. The bitmap images of the original seismic data were converted into vector diagrams by the DIGITIZER computer program. This made it possible to represent the hodographs as numerical data sets and to construct the seismic tomographic model along the geotraverse line. The velocity model is obtained by the tomographic inversion method of first arrivals of seismic waves. The deep tectonic structures are clearly outlined on the tomographic model. In particular, the Ukrainian Shield is characterized by Volyn, Podolsk, and Bug Megablocks with uplifts of variable sizes in the upper and middle crust. The Golovanivska suture zone is distinguished as uplift from the northwest to the southeast and the Kryvorizka suture zone is highlighted in the opposite direction.
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Using the TAR3D program for 3D data visualization in geoelectric studies
Authors V. N. Tarasov and I. M. LogvinovSummaryIn recent years, actively developing programs for three-dimensional data visualization. There are no such areas of life where 3D images are not needed. As a rule, available programs do not always provide the opportunity to get the image in the desired form. Therefore, to build three-dimensional models, in addition to widespread and well-known GIS products, the authors of the report offer their alternative solution. In the Matlab environment, which is a high-level language was written TAR3D program for three-dimensional data visualization. The program was tested on geoelectric data obtained within Ukraine and abroad. The operational experience of the program shows that it is suitable not only for deep geological and geophysical data. The process of building complex 3D models is simple. The block design of diverse objects mentioned in the text is used. The final model is saved in vector form with the ability to continue interactive graphic editing. The rotation of the model in any direction, the use of a coordinate marker on the body of objects gives an undeniable advantage for researchers who are engaged in the analysis of three-dimensional objects.
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The crustal structure of the transition from the East Black Sea Basin to the Shatsky Ridge from reinterpretation of existing refraction seismic profiles 14-15-16
Authors T. Yegorova, E. Baranova, A. Murovskaya, L. Farfuliak and K. RepinaSummaryWe represent the results of recent ray-tracing modeling for three deep seismic sounding profiles 14, 15 and 16 acquired in the Eastern Black Sea in 1960-th. They were conducted on a system of radial profiles diverging from one common shot point in the East Black Sea Basin and crossing the Shatsky Ridge. The performed modeling showed that thin (∼ 10 km) crystalline EBSB crust, with velocities increasing from 6.5 km/s in the basement to 7.0 km/s on the Moho (20–22 km), is overlain by ∼10 km-thick sediments. The continental crust of the Shatsky Ridge of ∼ 30 km thickness comprises two layers – the upper crust (6.0–6.5 km/s) of 15-km thickness and the 10-km thick lower crust (6.5–7.0 km/s). The transition from the EBSB suboceanic crust to the Shatsky Ridge continental crust occurs dramatically, on ∼25-km interval. This transition zone runs parallel to the coastline, and is associated with Alushta-Batumi magnetic anomaly of the same (NW) strike. These could be indicative of the tectonic origin of the transition zone during the main stages of evolution of the region - at the Mesozoic closure of Tethys Ocean, during the opening of the East Black Sea Basin in Cretaceous, and during the Alpine collision tectonics.
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On the prospects of hydrocarbon and hydrogen accumulations detecting within local areas of Ukrainian shield
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of applying the technology of frequency-resonance processing and interpretation of satellite images on the Ukrainian shield with the aim of studying the deep structure of this structure and searching for hydrocarbon accumulations are presented. By conducted studies on the shield the presence of two layers of granites of different ages was revealed, and the deep channels of fluids, minerals and chemical elements vertical migration, filled with granite rocks of different ages, were found. The roots of the discovered channels were recorded at depths of 470 km and 996 km. In the cross-section intervals between the upper and lower granite strata, responses from sedimentary rocks, as well as oil, condensate and gas were recorded. This cross-section interval between two strata of granites deserves a detailed study in order to hydrocarbon accumulations detect and localize.
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The most expensive “dry” exploratory well in the history of the oil industry: reasons of failure based on data of direct-prospecting methods application
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe materials of additional testing of mobile direct-prospecting methods on the Alaska, Peru offshore are presented. Experimental studies have been carried out in order to demonstrate the operability, efficiency and potential capabilities of the developed methods during hydrocarbons (HC) accumulations searching. The studies performed on oil and gas drilling sites confirmed the feasibility of additional works conducting with using direct-prospecting methods when choosing sites for their laying. Within deep channels (volcanoes), filled with sedimentary rocks of 1–6 groups, signals (responses) are almost always recorded at the resonant frequencies of hydrocarbons (HC) and, in many cases, amber. Signals at the frequencies of oil, condensate and gas are also recorded quite often in volcanoes, filled with limestone. In volcanic complexes filled with sedimentary rocks of 8–10 groups (dolomites, marls, siliceous rocks), responses at frequencies of oil, condensate, and gas have never been recorded. In many areas of the survey, in the contours of responses from the HC recording, the existence of a 57 km boundary was confirmed, in the region of which the oil, condensate, gas and amber are synthesized from hydrogen and carbon migrating from below.
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Results of reconnaissance studies for hydrocarbon deposits within some districts in Northern Ukraine
Authors M. Yakymchuk, I. N. Korchagin and T. MikheevaSummaryThe results of exploratory studies for hydrocarbons (HC) within five districts of the Chernihiv and Volyn regions of Ukraine are presented. The studies were carried out using mobile technology of integrated assessment of the oil and gas prospects of large blocks and local areas, including methods of frequency- resonance processing of satellite images and vertical scanning of a cross-section in order to determine the depths and thicknesses of forecasted of hydrocarbons accumulations and rocks of cross-section. The results of the work testified to the advisability of conducting the detailed exploration work for hydrocarbons in these areas. On the surveyed areas, the existence of a 57 km border was confirmed, in the area of which the synthesis of oil, condensate, gas and amber takes place. Additional materials have been obtained that testify to the synthesis of water at a depth of 69 km in volcanic complexes of a certain type. The practical application of direct-prospecting technologies will help to accelerate and optimize the search and exploration process for oil and gas.
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On the prospects of hydrocarbon accumulations detection in traditional reservoirs in deep horizons of cross-section within shale gas production areas
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of experimental studies on some shale gas production areas in the USA, Argentina, and England are presented. The investigations have been conducted with using the technology of integrated assessment of the oil and gas prospects of large blocks and local areas, which include methods of frequency-resonance processing of satellite images and vertical sounding (scanning) of a cross-section in order to determine the depths and thicknesses of predicted hydrocarbon accumulations and rock. The results of studies at local sites in Eagle Ford and Vaca Muerta shale basins indicate the presence of hydrocarbon accumulations at these basins in traditional reservoirs in the lower horizons of the cross-section. Within all the examined shale gas production areas, deep channels of migration of fluids, chemical elements and minerals, filled with 1–6 groups of sedimentary rocks, were found. The materials of the work performed can be considered as additional evidence in favor of the concept of deep (abiogenic) synthesis of hydrocarbons, including those located in shale formations. Of particular interest is the survey site in England, within which there is a significant number of local zones of visible hydrogen degassing. It is advisable to conduct additional studies on its territory with the aim of a more detailed study of these local zones.
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Total Organic Carbon and Gamma Radioactivity Distribution of the Rudov Beds Formation within the Area Adjusted to Yablunivske O&G Field (Dnieper-Donets Basin)
Authors O. Karpenko, V. Ohar and I. KarpenkoSUMMARYRudov Beds is an organic rich formation within the Upper Visean (Lower Carboniferous) sedimentary complex located in the Dnieper-Donetsk basin (DDB). Its stratigraphic relation is still debatable. Rudov Beds are related to the tops of XIII Microfaunistic horizon, or related to basal part of XIIa Microfaunistic horizon. Rudov Beds are associated with play known as so-called “productive horizon V-23”. In the central part of the DDB Rudov Beds are overlying the Lower Visean carbonate formation, which was formed under the conditions of the carbonate platform. The uniqueness of regionally distributed Rudov Beds is associated with their unusual siliceous-carbonate and siliceous-shale composition, the presence of biogenic silicites; high organic matter content of mixed composition and high gamma activity. Vertically and laterally distribution of total organic carbon content (TOC) were determined according to the results of well logging data interpretation within the area Yablunivske oil and gas field. The features of the natural radioactivity of the Rudov Beds were investigated; its variability and its relation to the TOC content were analyzed. A regular trend was been identified of increasing the TOC content at 2x times towards the western part of the Yablunivske field area, which can indicate both the formation of sediments in isolated shallow sea conditions and the erosion of their upper part as a result of a break in sedimentation process. The statistical analysis shows that the anomalous values of gamma ray (GR) in the lower part of the Rudov Beds have a specific genesis, which is not correlates with the organic matter content. Keywords: Rudov Beds; TOC, gamma ray, Yablunivske oil and gas field, lateral variability.
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Geomagnetic studies at Rubaniv gas field in outer zone of Carpathian Foredeep, Ukraine
Authors V. Maksymchuk, R. Kuderavets, O. Menshov, P. Bodlak, I. Chobotok, Y. Nakalov and N. PyrizhokSUMMARYThe results of geomagnetic studies at the Rubaniv gas field in the Outer zone of the Carpathian Foredeep are considered. A detailed study of the anomalous magnetic field and the magnetic properties of rocks and soils at the zones of hydrocarbon deposits is a basement for the application of the magnetic prospecting for direct hydrocarbon prospecting. At the present study we investigate the structure of the local anomalous magnetic field in the zones of hydrocarbon fields within the Carpathian Foredeep for the identification of the genetic relation of the magnetic properties of surface rocks and soils with the microseepage of hydrocarbons. The total magnetic field vector T and its components (declination, inclination, horizontal and vertical components) along the 5 transect were measured. The soil magnetic susceptibility in transects and in the profiles (genetic horizons) were studied. The local positive magnetic anomalies with the amplitude from 2 to 8 nT and dispersion of the soil magnetic susceptibility above the Rubaniv gas field were detected. This data indicated the genetic relations between gas deposits, microseepage, and changes of the magnetic field and soil magnetism.
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Seismic-facies research in the southern near-flank zone of the Dnieper-Donets basin
Authors N. I. Nesina and V. V. OharSUMMARYSeismic data acquisition and interpretation as a key method of modern oil and gas geological exploration is widely in use to build sedimentation and sequence models, detailed analysis of geological column, and the prediction of local non-anticline type lithological objects that could be potential hydrocarbon traps. Stratimagic software of Paradigm Geophysical seismic facies analysis (SFA) was applied to 3D seismic exploration data acquired the in several areas in the Carboniferous of the Dnieper-Donets Basin. This paper presents the results of SFA on the Livenska area located in the central part of the Southern Near-Flank zone of the Dnieper-Donets Basin. The purpose of the study was to map the local lithological hydrocarbon prospects in the upper part of the Bashkirian (Middle Carboniferous) sequence and to identify zones of gas-bearing sandstones distribution (B-22–23 pay horizon) in the Upper Visean (Lower Carboniferous) sequence. As a result, the seismic facies maps with a set of other maps were built for both stratigraphic intervals. They confirmed the presence of the paleo-channel in the Bashkirian sedimentary sequence and a zone of gas-bearing sandstones in the Upper Visean ones. So, it has been shown that Stratimagic software is an effective tool for the sedimentary record detail investigation.
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Identification of non-structural traps based on AVO-analysis and Elastic Inversion within the northern edge of the Dnieper-Donets Depression
Authors P. Kuzmenko, I. Mykhalevych and S. VyzhvaSummaryNon-structural traps in the sedimentary stratum of the northern edge of the Dnieper-Donets Depression had not explored sufficiently by seismic methods. In this work, the authors demonstrate research and analysis of seismic data elastic characteristics using methods of AVO-analysis and elastic inversion with identification of lithologically trapped gas-saturated object. Alongside with the positive experience of acoustic contrast objects on seismic data identification, the authors present the generalized limitations of using AVO-analysis and elastic seismic inversion, in particular, within the northern edge and the whole Dnieper-Donets Depression.
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Recommendations for wells drilling in the unfavorable structural-tectonic conditions
Authors S. Vyzhva, I. Solovyov, V. Kruhlyk and G. LisnySUMMARYProspects for further exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon fields with practically exhausted potential of structural-tectonic traps have been analyzed. Appropriate approaches are proposed to identify new traps in such fields or areas. They are based on a comprehensive study of horizons promising for hydrocarbons. Such study involves the analysis of regional oil and gas horizons, the attraction of additional geological and geophysical information from adjacent fields or areas and the use of direct hydrocarbon indicators. Studying the behavior of regional productive horizons within the license area helps to identify common factors for the presence of hydrocarbons. Geological and geophysical data of adjacent areas allow us to extrapolate these data and to obtain the prerequisites for the detection of perspective fragments of structural-tectonic traps. At the same time, the use of direct hydrocarbon indicators is the most reliable way to detect hydrocarbon traps of any type. Together with the possibility of detecting oil and gas traps, the use of direct indicator technologies allows us to estimate the amount of hydrocarbon resources discovered. The above approaches have revealed areas promising for the presence of hydrocarbons in the sediments of the Moscow stage of middle carbon. It is has been recommended the well drilling for sediments of the regional production complex M-7.
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Experience of the 3D interpretation of gravity data in the southeast of Volyno-Podillya
Authors S. G. Anikeyev, B. B. Hablovskyi, S. E. Rozlovska, M. V. Shtogryn and A. E. ZagraySUMMARYThe southeastern part of Volyno-Podillya in the oil and gas prospective is considered to be poorly promising. Nevertheless, some prospects are associated with structural forms on the surface of Cambrian rocks and with the rocks of the crystalline basement. Given the scarcity of drilling and seismic data, the role of other geological and geophysical methods, in particular gravity prospecting, is significantly increasing. For example, erosive incisions on the surface of the Cambrian, predicted by Kh. B. Zayats, are probably filled with terrigenous deposits of the Ordovician. Zones of lower density of rocks and incisions are associated with the buried tectonic zone and with lowering of the crystalline basement behind longitudinal faults. These oil and gas prospective zones are displayed in the gravity field by bands of negative anomalies. Therefore, there is a reason to predict the existence of the promising areas based on the interpretation of gravimetric data. The paper presents an analysis of the morphology of local anomalies of the gravity and magnetic fields and density distribution patterns scheme along the surfaces of the Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic according to the solution of the three-dimensional gravity inversion.
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The experiences with anisotropic averaging transformation of gravity and magnetic fields (on the example of the southeast part of Ukrainian Carpathians)
Authors S. G. Anikeyev, S. E. Rozlovska, B. B. Hablovskyi, M. V. Shtogryn and M. O. KarpenkoSUMMARYThe prospects for finding new oil and gas deposits in the Carpathian region largely depend on the possibility of clarifying and detailing the fronts of tectonic zones and deep faults, as well as thrusts and linear complications of the sedimentary cover, the position of which depends on the depth of the slice. These extended linear structures in gravity and magnetic fields are displayed by substantially elongated anomalies, chains of small local anomalies, contours of a sharp change in morphology of field or gradient bands. Isolation and tracking of anomalies that are hidden in a complex regional background or obscured by other factors are carry out with transformations. The probable geological content and estimated depth of the sources of localized groups of anomalies are determined by the frequency and relative depth characteristics of the transformations. The paper proposes variants of combined isotropic and anisotropic transformations of averaging, which, according to their characteristics, are intended to detect local and substantially elongated anomalies of a certain direction, as well as the approximate depth of their sources, in gravity and magnetic fields. Examples of experimental application of these combined transformations are also given.
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Estimation of the pore space structure of tight gas reservoirs of the Moscovian stage locates in DDB Eastern part using a limited well logging dataset
Authors O. V. Oliinyk, V. V. Antoniuk, I. M. Bezrodna and N. V. RusachenkoSUMMARYDuring the exploration, productive intervals identification, and development of tight gas reservoirs fields, an important part is the accurate determination of the capacity, and the structure of the pore space.
For the first time, the technique of Prodaivoda G., Vyzhva S. and Bezrodna I. was used for determining the pore structure of the tight gas reservoirs (porosity cutoff is 4%).
The authors have synthetically generated bulk density and S-wave velocity logs through the multi-mineral model and using the Greenberg-Castagna equation.
According to a limited of well logging dataset, the authors have determined the tight gas reservoirs pore structure of the Moscovian stage in the Spivakivskyi gas-bearing region which locates in the Eastern part of the DDB.
It is established that the void space of the investigated gas reservoirs is mainly composed of tight pores (PHI,tight - 4–7.8%). Fractures are in the intervals of 4136.9–4137.1 m and 4127.9–4128.6 m and PHI,fr is 0.25% and 0.1% respectively. Intergranular pores are almost absent, but in some intervals PHI, int.gr is 0.1–0.9%.
Estimation of the space structure of the given rock intervals provides additional valuable information for further wells stimulation in order to obtain hydrocarbon inflows.
Keywords: tight gas, reservoir, space pore structure, well logging.
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The influence peculiarities of the chemical composition of washing liquids on the results of electrical and acoustic methods
Authors O. N. Trubenko, D. D. Fedoryshyn, R. O. Marynchak, S. D. Fedoryshyn and A. O. TrubenkoSummaryThe problem of the influence of different chemical agents on the results of electrical, radioactive and acoustic methods and the inconsistency of their results with the actual parameters of the reservoir rocks in the Paleogene and Neogene deposits of the gas and gas condensate deposits of the Krukenitsky depression of the Precarpathian Trough are considered.
The diffusion potentials dependence on the concentration of chemical reagents with contacting solutions have been established. The factors that lead to the improvement of the breakdown of thin-bedded Paleogene and Neogene geological sections of gas and gas condensate fields within the Krukenitsky depression are established.
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The use of integrated geological, geophysical and technological information to divide a section into homogeneous intervals and make decisions when drilling wells
More LessSummaryImproving the efficiency and quality of well drilling largely depends on improving the quality of information received. The quality of decisions made during drilling also substantially depends on the quality of information. Widely used in recent years in world practice, geological and technological research in the process of drilling allows us to solve a number of problems in the drilling process, when information about the section of the well being drilled is missing or is available in a limited amount. The application of the results of the complex of geological, geophysical and technological research allows you to more deeply study the section and thereby improve the quality of decisions. This paper is devoted to the analysis of information obtained during drilling, assessment of its quality, its application for identifying homogeneous intervals on the example of four wells in the Bahar field, which helps to improve the quality of decisions at various stages of drilling.
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The results of testing methods of frequency resonance processing of satellite images within areas of technical micro-diamonds (lonsdalite) deposits location
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of reconnaissance studies in the areas of Ilyinetsky and Popigaysky craters (ring structures) location, as well as the Kumdy-Kol micro-diamond deposits in Northern Kazakhstan are analyzed. Additional facts have been obtained in favor of the volcanic nature of all investigated structures. These evidences are the roots of deep channels (volcanoes), filled with ultramafic rocks at great depths: 723 and 470 km. Within all three objects of the survey, no responses from kimberlites and traditional diamonds were recorded; signals at the resonant frequencies of technical micro-diamonds (lonsdalite) were recorded. By the cross-section scanning the following intervals of the responses from lonsdalite fixing are identified: Ilyinetsky structure – 300 m - 23–24 km; Popigai Crater – 290–16730 m; Kumdy-Kol deposit – 70–2420 m. The conducted studies also suggest the possible synthesis of the lonsdalite mineral in volcanic complexes, filled with ultramafic rocks. It is advisable to conduct a survey of volcanoes of this type in order to record responses at the resonant frequencies of this mineral. Lonsdalite detection sites in various regions are also worth exploring. In general, mobile direct-prospecting technology of frequency-resonance processing of satellite images and photographs can be used to study the deep structure of ring structures in different regions of the globe and their genesis establish.
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3-D geochemical modelling of molybdenum mineralization at the East flank of Serhiivka complex Au-Mo deposit
Authors V. Sukach, O. Hrinchenko, I. Antykhovych and L. RiazantsevaSUMMARYSerhiivka is a complex Au-Mo deposit of Middle Dnipro granite-greenstone province of Ukrainian Shield, that is situated in the southern part of Sura greenstone belt. The Serhiivka deposit an be subdivided into two ore sites – Central Serhiivka with predominant gold mineralization and East Serhiivka that is characterized by predominant distribution of molybdenum mineralization. This paper discusses 3-D model created on the base of chemical and geochemical data available for the East flank of Serhiivka deposit. Dataset includes 137 boreholes, 12026 samples and 109314 analyses.
Mineralization patterns and distribution features of Mo, Au, Cu and Ag are studied with application of following software programs – Isatis (three-dimensional variogram analysis, three-dimensional geostatistics), ArcGis (mapping of two-dimensional data array, two-dimensional constructions) and EMS-I GMS (mapping of three-dimensional data array, three-dimensional geostatistics). In future, 3-D model created might be used for optimal location of exploration borehole grid and mine workings at subsequent stages of exploration and possible exploitation of Serhiivka complex Au-Mo deposit.
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The use of 2D/3D GIS software for exploration purposes: case studies from Canada and Ukraine
Authors K. Poliakovska, I. R. Annesley, O. Ivanik, J. Sykes and K. PandurSummary2D and 3D geomodelling is a great tool for visualization of different geological systems and allows us to better understand a given prospective mineralized area.
In this research study, 2D/3D geological-geophysical models of some areas within the Canadian (Alces Lake property (SK, Canada) and Ukrainian (Azov Block) Shields were constructed.
The Alces Lake property is located within the Beaverlodge Domain, about 28 km north of the Athabasca Basin margin and has one of the highest rare earth element (REE) grades in the world. The REEs within Alces Lake are hosted in monazites within granitic to residual melt pegmatites, which are associated with biotite-rich (+/− sulfides) paragneisses.
In Ukraine, most of the REE deposits and occurrences are located within the Ukrainian Shield with the Azov Block being one of the most promising areas. The Yeliseyev field of differentiated REE pegmatites, the Zelena Mogyla and The Balka Kruta deposit were studied.
During the process of geomodelling, three-dimensional structures, surfaces, and mineralization objects were built based on drill hole core/down-hole data, geophysical data (magnetics/gravity/EM), geochemical data, topographic data, assessment and technical reports, and geological maps etc. The resulting models show the distribution of REEs within the different properties and outline some potential targets.
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New (?) calcium-thorium-uranium silicate (calciothorouranite) from thorium-uranium ore albitites from the Novooleksisvka ore occurrence, the Ukrainian Shield
Authors I. Mihalchenko and A. AndreevSummaryThe article presents the results of a study of calcium-thorium-uranium silicate, which was discovered by the authors in the Precambrian thorium-uranium albitites of the actinolite-diopside group of metasomatic facies of alkaline sodium metasomatites of the Novooleksiivka ore occurrence of the Partizansky ore field of the Central-Ukrainian ore district. It is shown that the main components of the chemical composition of the mineral are UO2, SiO2, ThO2, CaO. The usual impurities are FeO, Y2O3, Al2O3, BaO. The content of PbO in the different crystals vary within (3.05–11.6) %. The chemical composition of the mineral is not constant, apparently due to significant epigenetic transformations. The signs of transformations are manifested of the presence of reaction boundaries with the epidote (the latter seems to be “eating” this radioactive mineral), transformations in region of boundaries with the albite, of the presence of numerous cracks, which are filled with uranium black with a significant impurity Pb. The detected calcium-thorium-uranium silicate differs by high content of ThO2, CaO, Y2O3 from Calciothorite, Nenadkevite, Uranophane, Coffinite, and a high content of UO2, CaO, Y2O3 from Calciothorite. Probable crystal-chemical formula of calcium-thorium-uranium silicate – (Ca2,U,Th,) [SiO4]∙nH2O. In the case of proving that this silicate is a new mineral, we are proposed to call this mineral calciotorouranite. The existence of an isomorphic series of calciotorite-calciocoffinite (the latter is not yet known) is assumed.
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Peculiarity of inelastic properties of sedimentary SiO2, foam polystyrene
Authors A. P. Onanko, D. V. Charnyi, Y. A. Onanko, M. P. Kulish, O. P. Dmytrenko and R. V. HomenkoSummaryThe analysis of the elastic anisotropy parameters sedimentary rocks SiO2 showed that the rhombic approximation provided the maximum harmonization of the calculated and the experimental data and the efficiency of using the invariant-polarization method to solve the acoustic texture analysis problems. The general conclusions were obtained: they are represented by fine grains with grain sizes d ˂ 100 mkm, the same range of values of quasi-longitudinal ultrasonic velocity VP, elastic module E, “fast” quasi-transverse ultrasound velocity VS, shear module G, Puasson coefficient μ, Debye temperature θD, the open porosity coefficient KPO is high.
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Peculiarity of elastic characteristics of sedimentary SiO2, zeolite, foam polystyrene
Authors A. P. Onanko, D. V. Charnyi, Y. A. Onanko, M. P. Kulish, O. P. Dmytrenko and S. A. PopovSummaryThe most pronounced types of acoustic symmetry are found in sandstones SiO2, but in limestone CaCO3 samples exhibit the least pronounced symmetry type and the lowest value of the integral anisotropy coefficient Aμ. The highest values of phase velocities V and elastic constants Cijkl were found. The measuring of internal friction background in sedimentary SiO2 after mechanical, heat treatments gives information about the changing of defect nanostructure and the thermoelastic strains fields. The broadening of internal friction maximum represents the relaxation process of structural defects new types.
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Retrospective monitoring of changes in land areas under the quarries of the Irshan Mining Plant based on the analysis of different space images
Authors S. I. Tymchenko, M. S. Kovalchuk and I. M. BaysarovychSUMMARYRetrospective monitoring of the change of land areas under the quarries of the Irshan Mining plant was carried out. The Landsat 4–5 and Sentinel-2 space imagery were used to determine the trend of changing land areas incorporated by the quarries. Studies have shown that the area of disturbed quarries land is growing annually and increased by 330.12% during 2005–2018.
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GIS technology in the geological and technological modeling of iron ore deposits
Authors O. V. Plotnikov, M. M. Kurylo and V. S. StapaySummaryGeological and technological mapping is one of the main areas of activity of the geological service of mining enterprises. It makes it possible to assess the reserves of technological types and varieties of ores, their spatial distribution within deposits, and to carry out rational, complex development and processing with a forecast of geological and technological properties. Technological mapping’s efficiency is provided with using of geological and technological models of the deposit. These models were developed in the process of structural and technological mapping of BIF deposits within the Kryvyi Rih region.
To link the structure between the ledges, one of several options is selected: matching using polynomials, polyharmonic functions, or cubic splines. The experience of BIF deposits mapping within the Kryvyi Rih region shows that the most preferable results are obtained using cubic splines.
For deposits with a complex structure, the combination is carried out taking into account the structure of the deposit (the presence of tilted folds, breaking faults). Better results are obtained using interpolation splines. Deposit’s models done with this method in the best way describe geological structures. In areas of deposits with highly developed multi-order folding or complicated by folds of drawing, good results are obtained by interpolation using polyharmonic functions. The creation of geological and technological maps and sections using polynomials gives acceptable results only in certain sections of deposits characterized by monoclinic or slightly folded beds of layers of ferruginous quartzites and schists, not complicated by large folds of fractures.
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Three-dimensional model as the basis for exploration planning (as an example, the Prutivka copper-nickel deposit)
By N. BariatskaSummaryThe area of use of the three-dimensional deposit model depends on the confidence and accuracy of the initial data. Models based on retrospective (historical) data can be used to prospective assessment of the deposit and exploration work planning. These capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the Prutivka copper-nickel deposit.
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The use of retrospective data for creating 3D models on the example of the Balakhivka graphite deposit
By N. SafronovaSUMMARYThe creation of an electronic archive, database of retrospective data and their use for creating 3D model is considered on the example example of the Balakhivka graphite deposit.
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Stratification analysis of productive layers of BIF deposits based on Markov chain theory
Authors O. V. Plotnikov, M. M. Kurylo and V. S. StapaySummaryPrecambrian ferruginous-siliceous formations are characterized by heterogeneous stratification from a few millimeters to the first hundreds of meters. Stratification is due to changes in sections of layers composed of various natural varieties of ores and waste rocks (magnetite, hematite, quartz, silicate, carbonate and their combinations, as well as schist).
During the exploration and exploitation of iron ore deposits, it is often important to know which layer (which ore or the ore-free ones) will be opened by a drill holes or mining, and this depends on whether there is a pattern in the alternation of layers in the section. Such problems can be solved using Markov chain theory.
It is defined that the alternation of natural varieties of ferruginous quartzites and schists in the productive strata of BIF deposits is probabilistic and can be described by the second-order Markov chain. This regularity allows to apply the apparatus of Markov chains for forecasting technological types and grades of ores on undisclosed areas of deposits in the planning of mining operations at mining and processing enterprises.
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Inner structure and kinematic of the Mankivska fault zone
Authors S. V. Mychak, L. V. Farfuliak, A. V. Marchenko and V. M. BelskyiSummaryNew geophysical, geochemical and petrological data of the linear geological structure of fault-dyke nature have been considered in the crystalline basement of the western part of the Pobuzhsky Mining District of the Ukrainian Shield. This structure is expressed in a magnetic field as linear anomaly with intensity greater than 1000 nTl up to 1.5 km in width, with scale 1:50 000. Stretching of the structure (north-south 69 °) is perpendicular to the general latitudinal and northwestern direction of the geological formations of the study region. The northwestern flank of this band of the maximum magnetic anomaly for more than 40 km is accompanied by an expressed linear minimum, which corresponds to the axial part of the Mankivska fault zone. This tectonic lineament has until recently had no analogues agree geophysical features, tectonophysical measurement, extent and direction in the western part of the Ukrainian Shield.
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Geoinformation Assessment of Kanivsky Prydniprov’ye Paleorelief by Structural Morphometry
More LessSummaryKaniv Dnieper area is a unique region that has evolved through the Neogene-Quaternary phase. The application of geological and geomorphological methods, remote sensing data and GIS made it possible to identify the genetic relationship between the processes of geomorphogenesis and tectogenesis within the Kaniv Dnieper region, to build a number of geological and geomorphological models. The methodology of structural-morphometric analysis is adapted to the GIS and the process of cartometric constructions is automated. An algorithm for creating order maps of valleys and basal surfaces has been developed. Basal surfaces are complex surfaces that combine local erosion bases and express the total movements of the earth’s crust over various time intervals. A study of the morphogenesis and tectogenesis of the territory of the Kaniv Dnieper region showed that the neotectonic movements within this region had a differentiated character. Five stages of tectonic evolution were determined during the Neogene-Quaternary stage of its development. Hypsometry of basic surfaces of five orders was investigated, and a detailed comparison of the morphology of single-order surfaces has been made. On the basis of the obtained data on the nature of the surfaces, absolute and relative elevations, the nature of the isobasite pattern, the geomorphological structure of each stage has been analyzed in detail. The conducted studies revealed a regular relationship between the relief and tectonics.
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Methodological principles of creation of the integrated database of geological and geomorphological monuments of Ukraine
SummaryThe theoretical and methodological principles of the identification and scientific substantiation of the selection of natural monuments are underdeveloped in Ukraine.
The aim of this paper is to introduce an integrated methodological approach: a) to substantiation of selection of geological and geomorphological sites and 2) to elaboration of integrated database of this category of natural monuments in Ukraine. The proposed database can be used both for educational and practical purposes, i.g. spatial planning of nature conservational framework in Ukraine, the eco-network, development of nature science tourism, etc.
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A first attempt at the regional implementation of a geoarchaeological site database for Ukraine: study areas of the Volyn’ Upland and the Transcarpathian Lowland
Authors O. S. Bonchkovskyi and N. P. GerasimenkoSummaryThe regional databases of geoarchaeological sites are elaborated in detail for two contrasting areas as a first step in creation of the database for Ukraine. The analysis of the literature sources and the authors’ field and analytical studies forms a base for their construction. The databases were firstly formed using Excel. To provide fast coordinate setting of the databases and to transfer the information from one software to the other, all tables in the format .exe were converted to the format CSV. The .exe format is easily imported into GIS programs with a use of geographical coordinates projection WGS-84. The database in the format GeoPackage (with the attributive table) is produced by an import of CSV file into Quantum GIS. This format is chosen for convenient export of the data into an interactive map. Its usage provides fast feedback when searches are made with a use of SQL-queries. The analysis of two regional geoarchaeological databases demonstrates that sites in Transcarpathia are studied with a better usage of geoscience methods than sites in the Volyn’ Upland. To provide a reliable correlation between palaeoenvironments in separate areas, databases using the same methodology are under construction for the whole area of Western Ukraine.
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Analysis of approaches for “Geological heritage of Ukraine” geo-portal creation
Authors V. I. Zatserkovnyi, D. P. Trofymenko, L. V. Ilyin, N. V. Trofimenko and V. HotkoSummaryThe paper presents the results of the analysis of approaches to the creation of the geoportal “Geological Heritage of Ukraine” and developed its own version of the geoportal. The structure of the site is based on the interaction of the user with interactive maps, which allows its use to users of low skill. The technology used for portal development allows you to organize a network of linked sites that are edited from one admin panel.
Geological Heritage of Ukraine is a WordPress Multisite (WPMU) network of sites and provides the ability for the user to extend the functionality of the development environment by installing plugins designed for the IntelliJ platform or by developing their own plugins.
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Geoportal GGID of NJSC “Naftogaz of Ukraine” - use of geological and geophysical information by means of geoinformation technologies
Authors S. Haliuk, V. Antonyshyn, L. Yakushyn, L. Melnyk and A. KovalSummaryGeoportal was created on the basis of the Geological and Geophysical Information Database (GGID) of National Joint Stock Company “Naftogaz of Ukraine” (NJSC “Naftogaz of Ukraine”). Geoportal provides users with the ability to view in mapping and tabular modes the information accumulated in the GGID of NJSC “Naftogaz of Ukraine” across Eastern, Western and Southern oil and gas regions of Ukraine.
Modern software products and technologies and many years of experience of Subsidiary Enterprise “Naukanaftogaz” (SE “Naukanaftogaz”) are combined in the creation of Geoportal.
This kind of Geoportal was created in Ukraine for the first time. The Open Map of Geoportal provides basic information on the exploration of oil and gas territories and the spatial distribution of geological information, objects of geological observations in order to facilitate the rational planning and location of exploration works also by taking into account the conducted research.
More detailed commercially important information becomes available after user registration: hydrocarbon deposits, resources of oil and gas prospecting structures, hydrocarbon volumes obtained, and tabular data of geological explorations of wells.
Geoportal is a convenient geoinformation tool for managing the information of GGID of NJSC “Naftogaz of Ukraine” in the subsoil use, activity of service companies and geological exploration of territories.
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Formation of cadastral data on the Nikolaevskii wolframite mineralization (Right-Bank Region of the Ukrainian Shield)
By S. P. LashkoSUMMARYThe generalization and systematization of data on the Nikolaevskii manifestation of wolframite mineralization (Right-Bank Region of the Ukrainian Shield) were made. The cadastral data regarding the Nikolaevskii wolframite mineralization are grouped in four tables. Data grouping was performed by the features of spatial, geochemical, mineralogical characteristics of wolframite mineralization and identification of wolframites. In total, 47 cadastral attributes are determined. The peculiarities of the wolframite mineralization of the Nikolaevskii area are: 1) concentration in narrowly localized zones, with a linear nature of geochemical anomalies; 2) stratiform sulfide-quartz-wolframite (possibly with niobium and tantalum minerals) type of mineralization; 3) localization in the formations of the Rodionovska suite of the Ingulo-Inguletsk series (Lower Proterozoic); 4) high-iron tantalum-bearing variation of wolframite; 5) association with pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite; 6) lack of correlation of tungsten with petrogenic components, except for combining the interval of maximum silicification of rocks with a peak in tungsten concentration; 7) the presence of direct correlation in change the contents of W, La, Mo, Nb, Ag, Bi in the vertical section of the wolframite-bearing pack; 8) lack of transverse geochemical zonality of wolframite mineralization; 9) the presence of vertical zonality, which actually coincides with the direction of the stratums dip (is increasing with depth). A row of vertical zonality (top-down): Y → (Pb, Zn) → Sn → V → Mo → Ag → Bi → W.
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Niobium and titanium in the thorium-uranium albitites of the Novooleksiivka ore occurrence (Ukrainian shield)
Authors I. Mihalchenko, A. Andreev and V. ZagorodniySUMMARYThe article presents the results of the study of the niobium and titanium distribution in the thorium-uranium albitites of the Novooleksiivka ore occurrence of the Partisan ore field of the Central Ukrainian uranium ore district of the Ukrainian Shield. Three investigated sections of thorium-uranium albitites of the actinolite-diopside group of facies of the cut of alkaline sodium metasomatites of the ore occurrence are characterized by the presence of titanium and niobium anomalies. The estimation of the average content of these chemical elements in albitites is much higher than the geochemical background. The estimate of the correlation coefficient of titanium and niobium content in albitites is very high - the Spearman rank correlation coefficient is 0.96, which is a consequence of the concentration of these chemical elements in one (total) mineral. Electron microscopic studies show that titanite is the main concentrator of both titanium and niobium in albitites . It was concluded that in the processes of pneumatolitho-hydrothermal rock formation, additional masses of titanium and niobium were brought and deposited together in the volume of the crust now occupied by thorium-uranium albitites. Titanium and niobium are paragenetic chemical elements in the thorium-uranium albitites of the Novooleksiivka ore occurrence.
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Estimation of neotectogenesis factors of the Middle Dnieper region by structural-morphometric method
Authors L. V. Tustanovska, V. V. Shevchuk, O. M. Ivanik, К. P. Hadiatska and S. G. VolkovaSUMMARYThe research involved methods of remote sensing of the Earth, structural-morphometric analysis and geoinformation systems on the basis of which the connection and direct dependence of neotectonic movements, structural forms and modern relief were established. The main three morphostructural complexes (Kiev, Obukhiv, Kaniv-Trakhtemyriv blocks) were identified and analyzed, each with its own dominant factor. On the basis of the obtained indicators of the total amplitudes of the oscillations of the elevation of the relief, the features of the neotectonic evolution of different morphostructures, which are subject to individual rhythms, are revealed, and indicates the general complication of the morphostructural appearance of the region. It is confirmed that the northern regions of the region had an active upward movement dynamics in the Neogene epoch, and the southern ones in the Quaternary period. In general, the amplitude of fluctuations in the elevation of the elevation of the right bank of the Middle Dnieper in the Neogene-Quaternary period in the northern part was 100 m, in the southern - 135 m. Obtained data on the dynamics of the region can serve as a basis for the estimation of erosion-denudation and landslide processes within the Middle Dnieper.
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The Application Of Spatial Analysis And GIS Modeling At The Stage Of Solving The Reverse Problem In Mathematical Modeling Of Geofiltration
Authors O. Koshliakov, O. Dyniak and I. KoshliakovaSummaryIn order to effectively manage the water resources, the qualitative and quantitative indicators are estimated using the mathematical models. At the same time the application of these models on the local areas becomes more complex due to the lack of detailed information about the groundwater. For this purpose, the authors studied the functionality of GIS application in the process of mathematical modeling of geofiltration.
To provide the reliable approximation of the discrete entrance data, necessary for building the geofiltration model at the stage of solving the reverse problem in mathematical modeling of geofiltration, in particular, the coefficients of transmissibility, porosity and hydrodynamic pressures, the authors propose to apply the following modules «Darcy Flow» and «Darcy Velocity» with the modules «Particle Track» and«Porous Puff» ArcGis software. These modules are intended for elementary mathematical modeling of groundwater movemnets based on the total water balance. Their application allows reasonbly to accomplish the approximation of discrete entrance hydrogeological data and obtain the relevant and constant raster models of geological and physical fields. This approach reduces the time of solving the reverse problem, comparing to the traditional method, when the result is obtained by successive substitution method and the rialability is based upon the general hydrogeological concerns.
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Morphology of native copper crystals as component in modeling the mineral formation process
More LessSUMMARYThe results of the crystallomorphology study of native copper crystals from the ores of Ukraine (Vendian volcanic rocks of Volyn’, the oxidation zones of ultrabasic rocks of the Zhdanivka intrusion at the Berdychiv block and the Chemerpil ore occurrence of the Pobuzhzhyablock of the Ukrainian Shield) are presented.
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Factoring of radioactive properties and composition of sedimentary rocks of Runovschyna Area for the purposes of lithological and facial subdivision
Authors R. M. Bukatiuk, S. A. Vyzhva, O. V. Shabatura, V. I. Onyshchuk and I. I. OnyshchukSummaryAs a result of radiometric-material data factorization, a basis was obtained for using alpha and beta radiometry data for detailed facial and genetic subdivision of sedimentary deposits of Runovschyna Area (Poltava region, Ukraine). It is most appropriate to use the results of SAA for lithologic subdivision of geological profile. Here, the SAA and SBA together show a high positive correlation with the Al2O3, K2O content, which are the major components of the clay components, whereas with SiO2 (typical of sandy sediments), this factor has a low but negative correlation. It is also possible to use factorized radiometric parameters, with their contrasting behavior (increasing of SAA and decreasing in SBA) to evaluate: dolomitization – with help of high factor loadings of “diagnostic” components −SiO2, +MgO, +CaO; facial (−TiO2, −Na2O, −K2O, −S) and physic-chemical weathering conditions (−Mn, −P).
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Model of the new gold deposit Mananila (Tanzania)
Authors V. Mykhailov, O. Andreeva and O. OmelchukSUMMARYA new gold deposit Mananila was discovered in the northern part of the Morogoro province of the Repub-lic of Tanzania. In this region, where the Proterozoic structures of the Uzagaran mobile belt were developed, until any significant manifestations of gold mineralization wasn’t known. Mananila deposit represent by a large volume object, from 400 to 450 meters long, and from 60 to 80 meters thick. Mineralized weakened zone presented by over intensely leached and schistosed migmatites, gneisses, amphibolites, penetrated by echelon systems of quartz veins and veinlet, steeply dipping bodies of quartz breccia from 1.0 to 1.5 meters thick. Gold content is from 0.61 to 8.11 g/t, the average content is from 2.5 to 3.0 g/t. Similar structures, which parallel to the main zone, developed on this site, although they have lower thickness. The inferred resources of the deposit are estimated about 20 tons of gold. All these objects are located within a large weakened zone of northeast-ern strike with a width of 4–5 kilometers and a length of over 20 kilometers. This information serves as the basis for the identification of a new gold ore region in the northern part of the Morogoro province of Tanza-nia, within the Proterozoic mobile belt of Usagaran. The possible gold mineralization this region never has been previously discussed in geological literature.
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Specialized GIS for construction and analysis of digital models of regional line geological objects. Visualization means
Authors I. P. Dolinskiy, A. P. Lobasov and A. A. HaharinSUMMARYThe article presents the subsystem of visualization of geoinformation system for construction and processing of 2-D - 3-D geological models, first of all regional ones, in the field of oil and gas geology. The system has been investigated at the geological sites of the main oil and gas province of Ukraine -Donetsk-Dnipro Basin (DDZ), the information on which is in the database of geological and geophysical information (DBGGI) of the SE Naukanaftogaz. Appropriate software was created in a GIS environment using compilers such as Delphy and Fortran. Model visualization software tools are demonstrated on the example of a structural model of oil and gas strata at one of the sections of DDz.
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Structural analogies and homologues of the West Mediterranean and circum-Black Sea regions tectonic tailoring: Re-evaluating the uniform tectonic development model
Authors A. Kitchka, A. Tyshchenko and P. KuzmenkoSummaryAn analysis of comparative tectonic evolution of two entailing regions of the Alpine belt - Black Sea and Western Mediterranean - reveals profound analogies and homologues in their structure and development. Though both back-arc basins under comparison have many distinctions and differ each from other due to their linear dimensions (nearly twofold), a certain time shift for the lithological spectra during some epochs, present state of volcanic activity etc., they, nevertheless, reveal a striking morphological coincidence and notable genetic analogy in their spatial, kinematic, undercrustal, palaeogeographic, and other features.
The above comparison allows consideration of the circum-Black Sea region as a minor and simplified tectonic copy of the Western Mediterranean area being evolved in similar way and caused by similar tailoring of its structural units that stipulated by uniform stress/fault pattern inherited from the Meso-Tethys tectonic realm demonstrating kind of self-similarity or crustal scaling effect. Two prominent mega-sutures, the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone and South Armorican Shear zone, represent axial alignments along which a distorted symmetry could be traced for both basins under comparison. The above similarities can help elaborate new trends for oil and gas exploration in the circum-Black Sea basin using geological knowledge on the Western Mediterranean and vice versa.
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Modeling of the potential fields transformants for the ring structure Illinetska
Authors Y. I. Dubovenko, O. A. Chorna and M. P. KuzminetsSummaryThe purpose of the thesis is to present some notes on new results of guided interpolation for the gravity field and its gradient transformants due to Illinetska circular tectonic structure. The structure has numerous outcrops and wells to study the impact metamorphism of minerals in a crater. However, they didn’t reach the crystalline base, only the crust, so the reliability of the explosive structures and the central uplift is poor. The geological structure and genesis of the Illinetska structure were unclear. Their impact or volcano origin is discussed. This study clarifies the reliability of previous studies.
We calculate the vertical and/or gravity horizontal gradient module and compare it with the observed gravity in Bouguer reduction within the area studied. Choosing the properly an interpolation technique and to adjust its parameters truly, we obtain a series of 3D surface sketches with minimal distortion by kriging and modified Shepard’s techniques in the Golden Software Surfer. Pairwise comparison of gridding techniques on simulated gravity data allows us to produce reliable contour maps of interpreted output.
Results of the application of this technique to the initial gravity data for the central part of Illinetska structure are presented. There is shown that the transformant intensifies the central part of the gravity anomaly, where the boundaries of the structure sharply appeared. The impact hypothesis of the origin of the Illinetska structure was additionally justified, and the position of ejection cone is tuned.
Practical value of the interpretation is that the Illinetska structure by the gravity field transformants simulated indicate a periodic wavy nature of the destruction of its rocks and the preliminary explosion energy is estimated by 6.15×1015 J.
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Seismic velocity gradient stratification of the mantle at Ukrainian Shield
Authors Y. I. Dubovenko, L. A. Shumlianska and M. P. KuzminetsSummaryThe purpose of the thesis is to use gradient analysis to form a new high-speed seismic-tomographic model (set of new boundaries) of the inhomogeneous mantle. We use the Taylor approximation on the P-waves first arrivals from earthquakes of magnitude M ≥ 4.5, the periods of which are in the range of T = 5 sec. At these conditions for the IASP91 velocity model at depths H = 50–650 km the wavelength λ varies within 40–50 km, ranging our method resolution. Taking that in account, we have developed a new approach for the mantle boundaries definition based on the successive mean velocity derivatives calculations. Using it, we define the 1st and 2nd derivatives (velocity gradients) at different tectonic units of Ukrainian Shield.
Results of the approach application was the keyboard-alike patterns for real transforms along two consolidated profiles. The 2.5D model of velocity gradients of P-waves within the upper mantle in the depth range of 50–700 km shows the quite different images. It results in the identification of a set of new velocity gradient boundaries.
Practical value of the initial qualitative interpretation is that these boundaries lay within three principal structural horizons of the upper mantle (under ∼200–300 km, ∼410–500 km, and ∼600–650 km).
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Geospatial data on the distribution of silicon and aluminum in the thickness of shungite rocks of the Mlynkovskii area (Ukrainian Shield)
Authors S. P. Lashko, V. G. Yatsenko, V. V. Pokalyuk and L. P. ZaborovskayaSummaryThe peculiarities of the spatial distribution of SiO2 and Al2O3 (as correlative components) in the thickness of shungite rocks of the Mlynkovskii area of the Right-Bank Region of the Ukrainian Shield have been established. Two varieties of shungite rocks, classified by silicon and aluminum content, are substantiated within the Mlynkovskii area: Group I (main) – SiO2 content from 48.1% to 59.6%, Al2O3 content from 9.5% to 12.8%; Group II – SiO2 content from 75.4% to 78.0%, Al2O3 content from 5.8% to 7.0%. The Group I of shungites of the Mlynkovskii area stratigraphically forms the middle-upper part of the shungite-containing thickness, and the Group II of shungites – mainly the lower part of the shungite-containing thickness. The morphologically the thickness of shungite rocks of the Mlynkovskii area is a subvertical body. According to the available data, in the head of this structure, the content of both components (SiO2 and Al2O3) in the shungite rocks of Group I is partially reduced compared to the deep sections. As a preliminary point, it can be stated that in the lateral distribution, along of the thickness of shungite rocks of the Mlynkovskii area (to depth) correlation between the average silicon and aluminum content in Group I shungite rocks is direct, and in the Group II shungite rocks correlation is inverse. At the same time, by tests in general, for Group I shungite rocks the correlation coefficient between silicon and aluminum content is almost not expressed, and for Group II shungite rocks there is a clear inverse (linear) correlation between silicon and aluminum content.
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Identification of geological facilities of productive deposits at Oil and Gas field by geophysical research data
Authors I. Piatkovska, I. Fedak and Y. KovalSUMMARYThe prediction efficiency of interlayer processes in the development of productive oil and gas horizons largely depends on the detail of its geological model. The entire amount of information used to create a geological model of a deposit is discrete, and its detail is determined by the number of wells that have exposed the productive layers. The problem is the lack of information on the variability of reservoir properties at productive horizons in the space between boreholes. It is important to determine in what setting sediment accumulation occurred within existing wells and what type of facies are correspond to the geological sections of open productive intervals. Lithofacial zoning of the productive reservoir area allows to trace the distribution patterns of different types facies, to determine their relative location, and accordingly to predict the nature of changes in reservoir properties in the inter-well space. The lack of sufficient core material to identify facies significantly complicates the solution of the problem. Another method is used to identify facies by the morphology of geophysical curves. Nowadays, this problem is solved at a qualitative level. In this paper, we propose to apply a quantitative facial identification technique using an artificial neural network. In particular, the morphology of the curves is formalized by a number of parameters that form the input vector of an artificial neural network. At the output of the network clusters of logging curves with similar morphology are formed, which by analytical means are attributed to a certain type of facies. Based on the information obtained, lithofacial zoning of productive horizons and forecasting of their collector properties are carried out.
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Comprehensive environmental monitoring based on aerospace and ground research data
Authors V. Trysnyuk, V. Prystupa, T. Trysnyuk, V. Vasylenko and A. KuryloSUMMARYA new approach to the development of a method for complex assessment of the state of the environment caused by the growing level of anthropogenic load is proposed. Assessment of life risks is based on the results of forecasting the likely consequences of man-made and natural hazards.
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3D geological modeling for mineral resource assessment of the Galeshchynske iron ore deposit, Ukraine
More LessSummaryThree-dimensional geological modeling is a technology for study of geological structure, mineral resource exploration, and quantitative estimation of mineral resources of different genetic types. 3D modelling integrates different techniques and approaches such as two-dimensional modelling, geostatistics, spatial GIS analysis, database development, etc. It allows modeling of complex geological objects using stratigraphy, lithology, tectonic data as well as geophysical and geochemical information. The geological structure of the Galeshchynske deposit has been studied in detail, borehole data were analyzed, and the soluble iron contents were interpolated. Based on the statistical processing of these boreholes, it can be argued that this territory is characterized by a bimodal distribution of values. This indicates the presence of two geological domains (populations), low and high values of soluble iron content.
The interpolation of values by the inverse distance method makes it possible to estimate the resources of the K22 ore deposit in advance, which gives the basis for further in-depth study and calculation of reserves of the given subsoil.
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Multifactor mathematical modelling of ecological and economic systems (the example of coal mining development)
Authors L. Horoshkova, I. Khlobystov and B. DanylyshynSUMMARYThe model for planning and forecasting of coal resources as a component of the management system of the national raw material base has been developed as a result of the study.
The model of national potential for coking coal`s rational use management based on balancing flows of coal extraction, coke and semi-coke production according to the needs of the country’s metallurgical industry (ironmaking) has been proposed. The model is confirmed by the official statistics.
The model of anthracite’s and other coals` rational extraction management has been proposed based on balancing flows of coal extraction, its production according to the energy sector needs (heat production). The model is confirmed by the official statistics.
In order to solve the problem of system management of national coal mining, it has been proposed to balance the volumes of coal mining with the volumes of its consumption in metallurgy and energy sectors. The necessity of planning a nd forecasting the extraction volumes has been proved taking into account cyclical nature of economic processes development. It has been proposed to use a multi-factor economic and mathematical model for forecasting the development of complex systems as a sample frame.
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Modelling of resource flows in the Coal industry of Ukraine
Authors L. Horoshkova, I. Khlobystov and V. VolkovSUMMARYThe mechanism for Ukrainian coal mining industry’s sustainable development management has been formed as a result of the study. It has been proved that balancing mining, production of coal raw materials and their subsequent use in the production processes are the ways to ensure rational use of coal resources of Ukraine. The processes for coking coal is metal production, and for anthracite -thermal energy production. Relationship between growth rates of coking coal mining and production, coke mining, exports and imports of coke and ironmaking during 2008–2017s have been studied. It has been demonstrated that imports of coking coal essentially depends on the market pricing and has little to do with the needs of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine. It has been shown that the system for rational use of coking coal’s capacity in Ukraine should include balancing flows of coal mining, coke and semi-coke mining according to the needs of national metallurgical industry, taking into account cyclical nature of its development. The necessity of coordinating the volumes of anthracite extraction, production and consumption and taking into account short cycles of heat power development has been defined.
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A new scheme of tectonic zoning of the lithosphere upper part of the Pre-Caspian depression
Authors V. S. Druzhinin, N. I. Nachapkin, V. Yu. Osipov and L. A. MuravyevSummaryThe article presents a preliminary scheme of tectonic zoning of the lithosphere upper part of the Pre-Caspian depression eastern part, compiled on the basis of seismic-density models for 6 deep seismic sounding profiles. Models are built using deep seismic geo-mapping technology. The basis is a fault-block, layered, hierarchical model of the structure of the lithosphere upper part as the most appropriate geological environment. The model consists of seismogeological floors with sustained values of speed and density. Two surfaces between them are supporting. The boundary of the crystalline crust is represented by the surface of the Lower Archean granite-gneiss foundation. The second reference boundary is the surface of the main seismological section M between the lower crust and the upper mantle. It is shown that ancient platforms and their megablocks in the eastern part of the Pre-Caspian depression are separated by deep submeridional and sub-latitudinal border zones. It is concluded that the tectonic factor is crucial in the formation and subsequent dynamic transformations of the Pre-Caspian depression.
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Improvement of the complex evaluation method of vital activity risks
Authors V. Trysnyuk, O. Demydenko, K. Smetanin and A. ZozuliaSUMMARYA new approach to develop a comprehensive assessment method of the vital activity risks caused by the increasing level of anthropogenic load has been proposed. Vital activity risks assessment is based on the results of forecasting the possible consequences of man-made natural hazards.
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Modeling of stationary radon transfer in a layered geological media to determine the transmission distance of emanating
Authors O. V. Shabatura, O. V. Nozhenko and A. I. YakimchykSummaryThe physical conditions of the model involve the stationary transfer of radon in the layered porous medium by diffusion and advection mechanisms, but active diffusion is not taken into account when the transport of radon is complicated by its interaction (sorption) with medium components and other mechanisms (eg, water flows). Comparison of the simulated radon concentration profile data with experimental (field data) allows us to conclude about origin of emanating halos in the soil: (1) shallow, associated with diffusion transfer; (2) diffusion-advection or (3) with near-surface sources (localized zones of shielding, emanation, concentration et cet.).
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Use of mathematical methods to determine the ichnofossils species composition
Authors A. Sh. Mienasova and M. D. KrochakSUMMARYThe studied specimen from the basal horizon of the Kanivska suite is an agglomeration of phosphatized debris of various types of ichnofauna, cemented with a phosphateous and sand substrate. To our opinion, there are fragments of a kernel decapoda dwelling structures of Thalassinoides Ehrenberg ichnogenus and cores of the burrows of Ophiomorpha Lundgren genus. Thalassinoides Ehrenberg can be inferred from the condition of the surface, absence of a constructed wall and its size. The phosphorite features of the Ophiomorpha Lundgren have a characteristic ophiomorphic sculpture in the form of knobbles on the outer surface. The structures of this type have certain differences in the distribution and nature of phosphate material. The described kernels are interpreted as domus of fossil fauna. They were not known earlier within of the Middle Dniper area.
Since the main sign of species diagnosis is kernel’s diameter, we used Akaike criteria to assess the probability of the number of species in a sample. The models consisted of 1 and 2 groups. The result showed that the most probable is the model where the sample consists of 1 group. Computations were performed using the programs tpsDig2 ver. 2.31 and the Old Past ver. 2.17.
Keywords: Eocene, Kanivska suite, phosphatized remains, ichnophauna.
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A seasonal dependence of the earthquake number in the Earth crust
Authors A. Kazantsev and L. KazantsevaSummaryThe Northern California Earthquake Database of the USA was analyzed. The database contains about 500,000 seismic events. For depths of hypocenters up to 40 km, a statistically significant non-uniform distribution of the events number by the year periods was detected. For greater depths of hypocenters such dependence is absent.
The distribution of the number of earthquakes in the Earth crust on the year periods for different geographical zones is analyzed. Separate zones were found, both with uniform distribution and with clearly non-uniform one. All such dependences aren’t connected with action of the tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun on the Earth.
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Software for calculating X-ray fluorescence fluxes of chemical elements from individual microcrystals of accessory minerals
Authors A. Bunkevich, A. Andreev, E. Meshcheryakova and S. ShnyukovSUMMARYThe software for calculating the X-ray fluorescence fluxes of chemical elements from microcrystals of accessory minerals of various shapes is presented. Calculations for prisms, pyramids, ellipsoids and their combinations can be performed. For calculations, the following parameters are set: the chemical composition and shape of the crystal, the set of chemical elements for which fluorescence fluxes are calculated, the attenuation coefficients of the radiation of these elements, the maximum value of the crystal volume and the number of intermediate volume values. The results of such calculations provide the basis for the development of methods for quantitative x-ray fluorescence analysis of the chemical composition of microcrystals. Examples of calculating fluorescence fluxes of cerium and thorium in monazite for various values of their content are given.
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Analysis of Elastic Symmetry and Anisotropy of Crystalline shales of the Pishchanska iron-ore structure
Authors I. M. Bezrodna, D. A. Bezrodnyi, V. V. Svystov and A. P. GozhykSummaryThe elastic symmetry and the coefficient of differential elastic anisotropy of the Sandstone crystalline crystals are investigated. The invariant-polarization method of researches is used in the work. Determination of the complete set of matrices of effective elastic constants made it possible to distinguish 2 groups of rocks with rhombic and triclinic groups of symmetries. Stereo projections of the index surfaces of the coefficient of differential elastic anisotropy underlined the various geological conditions for the formation of three groups of rocks previously identified.
It is proved that the three-line approximation in determining the parameters of elastic anisotropy of crystalline shales is optimal when calculating other parameters of the elastic anisotropy of a group of rocks of the Pishchanska iron-ore structure.
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Reservoirs Type Classification Using Hydraulic Flow Units Approach With An Application To Pivnichno-Korobochkynska Area (Dnipro-Donetsk Depression)
Authors O. Petrokushyn and V. AntoniukSummaryWhen improving the reservoir characterization techniques, it very important to give better description of the storage, flow capacities of a petroleum reservoir.
Using the core data and the statistics approach the authors have used the HFU method to classify the reservoir rocks of the Pivnichno-Korobochkynska area. For each of the unit the Reservoir Quality Index (RQI) and Flow Zone Indicators (FZI) were calculated. The paper shows that four hydraulic flow units were distinguished. Each of the unit has its own equation that allows calculating the permeability very precisely.
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Modeling of pushing processes in anisotropic low permeable Oil reservoirs
Authors M. V. Lubkov and O. O. ZaharchukSummaryOn the base of combined finite element - difference method, we carried out computer modeling of filtration processes between producing and injection wells in the anisotropic low permeable oil reservoirs. According to obtained data analysis, intensity of the filtration processes between production and injection wells depends essentially on their location, as in the shear-isotropic so in the anisotropic oil reservoirs. Moreover, the influence of the oil permeability in the shear direction dominates on the influence of the permeability in the axial directions. The obtained information show for effective exploitation of anisotropic low permeable oil reservoirs it is necessary to place production and injection wells in areas with relatively low anisotropy of the oil reservoir permeability, especially avoiding places with the presence of anisotropy of shear permeability of the layer. It is important such wells location, when there is no blocking of oil from the side of the reduced reservoir permeability, another hand, there is no rapid depletion from the side of the increased permeability and there is no blocking of the mutual exchange between production and injection wells.
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Formation regularities of liquid body of Dombrovsky quarry
Authors Y. Malkova, V. Dolin and Y. YakovlevSUMMARYAnalytical data on the dynamics of water inflows into the quarry and the increase in the drainage area of the dash part of the quarry was analyzed. The mechanism of body formation of water-salt brines in Dombrovsky quarry was considered and the short review of problems owing to long development of Kalush-Golinsky deposit of potassium salts was resulted. The conclusion was made about present quasi-equilibrium condition of a quarry and possible relative stabilization of brines surface level at is insignificant excesses of an over salt horizon based on the results of the analysis of absolute marks dynamics of a liquid phase. At the same time, brine is discharged into an underground aquifer, which is used for drinking water supply.
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The method of 3-D dataset statistical simulation with «cubic» correlation function on Rivne NPP example
Authors Z. Vyzhva, V. Demidov and A. VyzhvaSummaryThe article is devoted to using methods of random fields in 3-D area statistical simulation (Monte Carlo methods) in environmental geophysical monitoring problems. A new method has been devised to simulate random field in 3-D area with «cubic» correlation function, based on spectral decomposition, for investigation of chalk layer density on Rivne NPP industrial area territory. It has been considered the problem of statistical simulation of «noise» for chalk layer density realizations as random fields in 3-D space. It has been constructed the statistical model for the gauss random fields in three-dimensional space, with spherical correlation function. It has been received of random fields in 3-D area realization with «cubic» correlation function by using those models, formulating the algorithm and building programs.
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Modeling of pushing processes in anisotropic low permeable Gas reservoirs
By M. V. LubkovSummaryOn the base of combined finite element - difference method, we carried out computer modeling of filtration processes between producing and injection wells in anisotropic low permeable gas reservoirs. The modeling results show that intensity of the filtration processes between producing and injection wells and, respectively the gas production level depends essentially on their location, as in the shear-isotropic so in anisotropic gas reservoirs. Accordingly obtained information for effective exploitation of low permeable shear-isotropic gas reservoirs it is necessary to place the production and injection wells along the major axis of the reservoir anisotropy. In the case of production and injection wells installation in the low permeable anisotropic gas reservoirs, the most effective gas exchange between them will take place when the direction of the increased permeability of the reservoir coincides with the direction of the wells location. Obviously, we can achiev e the best conditions for gas production in anisotropic low permeable gas reservoirs only after systematic analysis and optimal selection of the most important factors of the filtration process in every practical case.
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An Approach for Anomaly Detection in GPR Data using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors M. Ozkan-Okay, R. Samet and S. StirenkoSUMMARYGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique that investigates underground structures. GPR data are used to visualize an underground map of search areas. One of the most important problems in the investigation of the underground structure is the correct identification, visualization and interpretation of anomalies in GPR data. To contribute to the solution of this problem, a methodology which consists of four stages is proposed. At the first stage, the original data from the test area are collected and preprocessed, and the synthetic data are produced using original data. In the second stage, features are extracted and the data set is created to apply the machine learning techniques. In the third stage, the data set is analyzed by machine learning techniques to identify the anomalies. At the final stage, the geometry of the anomalies in GPR data is visualized in the 3D environment and visualized anomalies are interpreted. The obtained results showed that the anomalies were detected with 94% accuracy.
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Estimation of low frequency phase velocity dispersion in weak contrast periodic media
Authors Yu. Roganov, A. Stovas and V. RoganovSummaryFormulas for calculating the approximation of the dispersion of vertical slowness and phase velocities of Floquet waves in a periodic horizontally layered medium with anisotropic layers are derived. The accuracy of the calculations is demonstrated on a three-layer periodic medium with orthorhombic layers with different azimuths of symmetry planes.
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Modeling of the riverside groundwater intakes exploitation taking into account of the stream flow changes
Authors S. V. Telyma, O. S. Voloshkina, YU. O. Bereznytska and V. M. EfimenkoSUMMARYPurpose. As known the main part of the groundwater intakes are situated in river valleys where the close interconnection of the surface and groundwaters have a place. At this the part of the exploit resources is providing for account of the river flow reduction. Purpose of the research consists of the systematic and complex analysis of the riverside groundwater intakes work taking into account of the geological and hydrogeological conditions forming of the water resources on the territory Volyno-Podol artesian basin. Methodology. The research methodology consists of the using the methods of numerical modeling for evaluation of the prognosis resources of the groundwater intakes for water supply of Lviv region(Ukraine). Results. A permanently working mathematical model of the geofiltration of the investigated groundwater field has been created for evaluation of the operational groundwater resources for a long-term period which allows to carry out the imitative modeling of project water intakes exploitation in different operating regimes, solving problems of regulating and optimizing water withdrawal under different conditions of water intakes work, the expansion the productivity depending on the economic needs in the region and to solve the problems of the maintenance the quality of the drinking water by predicting the possible pollution and depletion of major aquifers during their operation. The created model of the ground water deposit of the Gorodok area(Lviv region,Ukraine) can be used as a intake-analog when selecting promising sites for the placement of new water intakes that will reduce material resources during their substantiation and construction. Originality. A permanently working mathematical model geofiltration has been created for the assessment of groundwater resources on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of geostructural features and hydrogeological conditions at a given territory. The model allows to consider of the different variants of water intakes operation depending on the technical and economic conditions and the possible increase in water supply needs taking into account of the environmental measures and the impact of water intakes on the environment. Practical significance. As a result of the research the exploit groundwater resources in the water intakes area were wellgrounded determineded which allows to increase the available water supply of the population on this territory for a long-term period and to reduce the load on the operation of existing water intakes thereby regulating the groundwater resources of the given artesian basin.
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Petrophysical determination model of the collector points by the gamma-gamma-density results and gamma-spectrometric methods
Authors Y. M. Femyak, V. V. Fedoriv and R. O. MarynchakSUMMARYAccording to the reservoir rocks research of the productive horizons of the Letnian gas field, it is found that the lowered mineralogical density of the Lower Dasha deposits is associated with the presence of significant content in the rocks of solid organic matter. The paper considers the possibility of increasing the informativeness of the results of the gamma-gamma-density method by using the results of gamma-spectrometric studies of the data of reservoir rocks. As a result of the simulation, a complex petrophysical model was obtained, which makes it possible to more accurately estimate the porosity coefficient of the reservoir rocks by the results of studies by gamma-spectrometric and gamma-gamma-density methods.
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Transformation of a spherically symmetric model of Earth’s mass one-dimensional distribution PREM to a hydrostatic state
Authors M. M. Fys, A. L. Tserklevych and B. B. DzhumanSUMMARYThe condition of the hydrostatic state of the planet is a key in investigation for determining the figure and identify the causes of the heterogeneity of the gravitational field of the planet. Therefore it is important to transform the density distribution of the PREM model to fulfill this condition. Achieving a hydrostatic state is in essence equivalent to determining the minimum of the Earth’s gravitational energy, and its fulfillment is achieved by variations in density. The representation of a piecewise continuous function of density distribution in the PREM model by Legendre polynomials allows us to approximate the potential and energy of ellipsoid . The division (calculation) of energy into layers allows us to analyze the contribution of each of the segments in the total value of energy during the redistribution of matter inside the celestial body. We propose formulas for calculating the potential and energy of bodies with mass distribution in the form of the sum of Legendre polynomials using the additional condition - the minimum of energy. The use of such an algorithm made it possible to transform the spherically symmetric model PREM to a hydrostatically balanced state. The estimation of the density redistribution and the detection of the zones of their greatest change make it possible to optimally harmonize the geometrical characteristics of the planet’s ellipsoid with its gravitational field and to accurately interpret the inhomogeneities of the masses inside the planet.
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Digital field geology
Authors I. M. Bubniak, A. M. Bubniak and O. D. GavrilenkoSUMMARYField geological studies are an important source of information about upper most of crust that is available for direct observations. With the development of modern technologies, traditional methods and approaches are been replaced by modern ones. This paper evaluates the experience of using digital technologies during collection, processing and presentation of geological information from numerous geological site. Field Move and Clino are the most common software today among field researchers. They may be easily installed on tablets and cell phones respectively. The toolkit fully supports the researcher’s work in the field. A significant benefit is the processing of all collected information using digital technologies. Advantage and disadvantages of digital technologies and technical devices are analyzed. The presence on market of alternative software is indicated.
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Anisotropy parameters for monoclinic media
Authors A. Stovas, Y. Roganov and V. RoganovSummaryWe accurately define anisotropic parameters suitable for monoclinic medium with a horizontal symmetry plane.
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A Methodology to Complete and Visualize the GPR Data
Authors R. Samet, M. Ozkan-Okay and O. P. MarkovskyiSUMMARYGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that is used for investigating and visualizing the underground structures. The usage of GPR in underground research and applications has been increasing recently because it can detect underground structures quickly and accurately. There are some important factors that affect the success of GPR research and applications. One of the factors is the data collection parameters which are under the control of users and can be adjusted according to the aim of the research. Other factors are the research area properties and the structural states of the underground structures. These properties are out of the control of users. Data can be collected incompletely due to such properties as technical failures, rugged terrains, the presence of obstacles, negatively affected electromagnetic signals, etc. These incomplete data make it difficult to visualize and interpret the underground structure with high accuracy. In this study, a methodology is proposed to complete the missing data and predict and visualize the underground structure closest to the original shape in order to contribute to the solution of this problem.
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Electrometry effective inverse problem solving method
More LessSummaryA new fast inverse problem solving method of multi-probe electrometry of wells is proposed, which allows taking into account the quantitative contribution of measuring each probe to the final result. The algorithm for solving the inverse problem has been developed and implemented in software. It is shown that the proposed approach can also significantly improve the vertical resolution of the method as a whole. An example is given of comparing various results of solving the inverse problem of lateral logging sounding and lateral logging when changing the contribution of the measurement of each probe to the final result. It is concluded that the use of a quick method for solving the minimization of the residual functional combined with the ability to take into account the contribution of each probe of the multi-probe electrometric complex to the final result of solving the inverse problem makes it possible to increase the accuracy of quantitative interpretation. It is also shown how the developed algorithm and the corresponding software created make it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the geoelectric parameters of reservoirs. The results of the work were introduced into the production of a number of commercial geophysical organizations.
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Seismic site effects evaluation of the Yagotin compressor station (Ukraine)
Authors Yu. Semenova and A. KendzeraSummaryA crucial step towards ensuring the seismic resistance of critical facilities and the mitigation of earthquake risks involves the accomplishment of site response studies. The selection of a model of stress-strain state of soil under seismic loads is considered. The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of the sedimentary layer on seismic oscillations on the surface using the example of the territory of the Yagotin compressor station (Ukraine). In the calculations, the equivalent linear ground response analysis to seismic impact was used. The frequency range of the resonant amplification of the soil under the site is determined. The analysis of the influence of the sedimentary layer on the frequency composition of the oscillations of the upper layer is carried out. The study of the site effects allows you to make design decisions that do not allow the frequencies of structures on the site to coincide with the frequencies of the soil amplifying seismic vibrations.
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Lateral logging sounding and lateral logging complex effective inverse problem solving method
More LessSummaryUsing the example of lateral logging sounding the possibility of assessing the influence of the adjacent beds and boundary effects on the real vertical resolution of the inverse problem solution is shown. An example of such solution to the inverse problem of the “BKZ+BK” complex for a real well material in a sedimentary rocks is given. The conclusions are made that: for the correct use of the algorithm for solving the inverse problem, it is necessary to have an estimate of the vertical resolution of the electrometry method as a whole; a real assessment of the influence of boundary effects on the measurement of the apparent resistance of the probes of the complex allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of the method; the use of the proposed residual functional allows us to change the effect of probes of different lengths on the final result and thereby allows to achieve satisfactory accuracy even when studying the geoelectric parameters of formations whose thickness is less than the length of the largest probes of the complex. The results of the work were introduced into the production of a number of commercial geophysical organizations.
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Solving the three-dimensional linear magnetometry problem on GPU
Authors E. N. Akimova, V. E. Misilov and V. O. MiftakhovSUMMARYThe paper is devoted to construction and implementation of the cost-efficient algorithm for solving the three-dimensional problem of finding the vertical component of the magnetic field generated by a rectangular parallelepiped with a variable unidirectional magnetization. The algorithm uses the Toeplitz-block-Toeplitz structure of the matrix of the discretized problem to reduce the amount of calculations and computing time. The algorithm was implemented on GPU using the CUDA technology. A series of numerical experiments were performed to study the efficiency of the parallel algorithm.
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Simulation of Water Filtration in a Geothermal Doublet
Authors M. Yu. Filimonov, E. N. Akimova, V. E. Misilov and N. A. VaganovaSUMMARYThe paper is devoted to modeling an open geothermal system consisting of two wells (production and injection). Geothermal energy is a promising type of renewable energy. A mathematical model of the functioning of such a system is described and parallel algorithms are developed for solving the problem of the distribution of cold water from an injection well in a geothermal reservoir. The results of numerical calculations and analysis of the efficiency of using parallel algorithms are presented.
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The evolution of dilatant inclusion by the analogy with the geometric application of the Ricci flow
Authors V. A. Pyankov and A. L. RublevSUMMARYThe evolution of the dilatant zone from the volume limited by an uneven surface to its transition to the homeomorphic sphere is shown. Using the example of a smooth curve on a Euclidean surface, we demonstrate the dynamics of Ricci flows, the apparatus of which allows you to transform a smooth curve into a homeomorphic circle. On practical examples it is shown that at the intermediate stages of development the surface of the probable dilating inclusion is uneven, and from the analysis of gravitational data it follows that after the completion of the surface formation, the dilatant object becomes spherical and smooth.
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Construction of the Earth’s crust rheological boundaries based on a complex solution of inverse problems of magnetometry and gravimetry
Authors V. A. Pyankov and A. L. RublevSUMMARYAccording to the observed data, we had made a complex interpretation of the magnetic and gravitational fields of the Earth’s crust region of the Middle and Southern Urals. The distribution of magnetization and density is calculated. To solve the structural magnetic inverse problem, a modified iterative local correction method is proposed. In this paper we describe new results of construction of the Earth’s crust magnetic and density models (Pre-Urals, including the dilatant zone).
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Application of frequency-resonance technology of satellite images and photographs processing for the hydrogen accumulations searching
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. N. KorchaginSUMMARYThe results of experimental studies using mobile methods of frequency-resonance processing and interpretation of Earth remote sensing data (satellite images) and photographs are analyzed. Demonstration studies were conducted at local sites in Azerbaijan, Tatarstan and Latvia with the aim of improving methodological techniques of frequency-resonance methods using in the search and exploration process, as well as exploring the possibility of their use for detecting and localizing hydrogen accumulation sites. Within the examined small zones of visible hydrogen degassing, responses were recorded at resonant frequencies of hydrogen, as well as signals at frequencies of igneous rocks of gabbro and basalts. The experimental work carried out indicates the possibility of frequency-resonance methods using in the search for hydrogen deposits. It can also be assumed that the areas of basalts and gabbros rocks location can be considered priority when prospecting for hydrogen conducting.
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Application of mobile frequency-resonance methods of satellite images and photo images processing for water accumulations searching
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of additional experimental studies are presented with the aim of studying the possibility of using methods of frequency resonance processing and interpretation of satellite and photo images for the aquifers searching. Investigations of a reconnaissance character were carried out on a mineral water deposit, the territory of a summer cottage, the offshore of the Atlantic coast of the USA, in the areas of lakes and the Aral Sea, as well as in certain regions of longevity. Additional materials have been obtained that testify to the synthesis of water at a depth of 69 km in volcanic complexes of a certain type. A survey of longevity zones in various regions showed that all of them are located within volcanic structures filled with basalts. In these volcanoes, water is synthesized at a depth of 69 km and hydrogen migrates. Hydrogen-enriched water promotes longevity. The results of the developed direct-prospecting methods testing in various regions of the world testify to their efficiency, effectiveness and practical applicability in the search and exploration of aquifers, as well as ore and combustible minerals.
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Exogenic Processes’ Remote Monitoring of Kanivske Reservoir’s Right Bank
Authors O. A. Mykolaenko, P. V. Zhyrnov, O. V. Tomchenko and I. O. PidlisetskaSummaryThe changes’ monitoring results of the exogenic geological processes’ development are presented in this article on the territory of Kanivske Reservoir’s Right Bank, (Trypillya – Rzhyshchiv area) which was made on the ERS basis and topographic survey’s material, cartographic and statistical reports of various geological and hydrological organizations. Gully erosion and landslides have become widely dissemination in the limits of Kanivske Reservoir’s right bank and waterlogging, eutrophication have intensive manifestation within the bounds of low and flat relief of the left bank. Erosion played a major role among exogenic processes before Kanivske reservoirs’ creation and landslides were in its final stages and had an insignificant spreading areal. Reservoir’s construction triggered the groundwater overpressure’s changes and slope abrasive processing that caused the old stabilized landslides’ activization and the formation of new ones. There is a clearly pattern of abrasive, erosion and landslide processes’ activization of the Kanivske reservoir’s coastal territories with the oscillation amplitude of the maximum and minimum soil surface temperature and soil’s freezing depth. It was established that the years with the rainfall patterns during summer and autumn period coincide with the years of the greatest landslides’ activation within the investigation territory.
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A GIS and WUDAPT based mapping of the local climate zones in Ukrainian cities
Authors O. Shevchenko, M. Matviienko and S. SnizhkoSUMMARYThe local climate zones (LCZ) classification system provides urban heat island research framework, as well as can be a basis for the investigation of the urban environment comfort. The data of 12 European (including 5 Ukrainian) cities based on WUDAPT protocol (level 0) were used for the research of LCZs. Data analysis and graphical processing was performed at ArcGis. The most spread local climate zones for the nearly all researched cities are LCZ-5 (open mid-rise) or LCZ-6 (open low-rise). In some cities the most spread local climatic zones are LCZs with trees and plants (in Warsaw LCZ-B covers 27.7 %, in Kyiv LCZ-A covers 32.5 %, in Lviv LCZ-A covers 30.5 %, in Dnipro LCZ-D covers 24.4 %). A case study of Kyiv shown the differences between LCZs within administrative borders of the city and within built-up area (BUA). The local climatic zones with trees and plants (LCZ-A, B and D) cover about 52 % within administrative borders of Kyiv and 24 % in BUA, the LCZs bui lt series cover about 40 % within administrative borders and 65 % in BUA. The most of the built-up area of the city (both cases – administrative borders and BUA) is occupied by LCZ-5, LCZ-6 and LCZ-8.
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