International Conference of Young Professionals «GeoTerrace-2021»

GIS technologies have become entrenched in modern cadastre and land management and have become a key element in zoning areas on relevant topics. The object of this research is the orchard of the Center for Studies, Science and Production (CSSP) of Uman National University of Horticulture. The subject of the research is zoning of territory of the orchard of CSSP of Uman National University of Horticulture by level of illumination depending on the relief of its territory. A Digital Relief Model (DRM) was created on the territory of the garden, for this purpose fragments of two adjacent sheets of a topographic plan of scale 1: 10000 with a relief cross-section of 1 meter were digitized with the help of SURFER package. According to this digital model, the zoning of the study area was performed according to the degree of illumination. As a result of the performed experimental research the possibility to zone the territory of the garden on illumination with the use of GIS technologies is shown.

The use of GNSS technologies for monitoring man-made structures has allowed to bring to a qualitatively new level the accuracy, reliability and speed of the results. Modern hardware and software systems allow for in-depth analysis of accumulated observations over a long period of time on the one hand and get instant results on the other, using real-time monitoring technologies. As input sensors, these complexes can combine GNSS equipment, electronic total stations, piezometers, inclinometers, meteorological stations, etc. In this work method for determining the spatial vector of the GNSS method in the RTK mode using two simultaneously operating receivers is proposed and tested.

The essence of the work is to investigate the influence of the elements of internal orientation (EofIO) of digital images obtained with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) on the accuracy of determining the coordinates of points on the ground. It is proposed to perform this on the basis of the collinearity condition where the function is constructed, for which the optimal values of EofIO images are determined. In this case, such a search is performed using values in the set of elements of external orientation (EofXO) and EofIO, defined using image processing programs as an initial approximation provides further refinement of the coordinates of points on the ground. The algorithm was tested on the corresponding results of aerial photography from UAVs at control points, which made it possible to prove the effectiveness of this technique.

The aim of the research is evaluation of changes in rock characteristics based on analysis and interpretation of seismic acoustic observations in the area of the natural and technical system of Dnister PSPP. The proposed technique can be used in the design of other objects of this type, as modelling the behaviour of the object under the influence of natural and technogenic factors makes it possible to assess possible risks and prevent them.

Remote sensing of the Earth plays an important role in monitoring and assessing the effects of forest fires. With the help of various methods of processing multispectral space images, it is possible to determine the risk of fire spread, identify hot spots and set thermal parameters, map the affected areas and assess the consequences. The aim of the work is to assess the severity associated with the post-fire phase on the example of the forests of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. The objectives of the study are to determine the area of burned areas from different time space images obtained from the satellite Sentinel-2 using a normalized burn ratio (NBR). Implemented researches show that the use of remote data of high periodicity and the presence of additional bands of surveying systems significantly expands the range of tasks that can be solved using them. Normalized burned ratio allows quickly and efficiently to identify and calculate the area damaged by fires, that gives possibility operatively assess the consequences of such fires and estimate the damage. It is established that in the studied area the accuracy of area calculation using the normalized burned ratio is 6.7% of the template area, which is sufficient for this type of task.

The research presents a method for deformation monitoring of engineering structures based on a statistical analysis of GNSS time series. The construction of Dnister hydroelectric power plant (HPP) is an active intervention in geological-tectonic, geodynamic and hydrological conditions, which can lead to intensification of deformation processes around the area. In order to differentiate the kinematics of the Dnister HPP-1 dam, a method consists of detection covariance interrelationships between GNSS time series for the period from 01.07.2017 to 31.03.2021 is performed. Authors calculate the covariance interrelationships between all pairs of MP01-MP05 permanent GNSS stations of Dnister HPP-1 dam. Epochs 2017.8, 2019.0, and 2019.4 are characterized with extreme values of covariance coefficients. Based on the analysis, it is found that the amplitude of vertical oscillations of MP01 station is 3–8 times larger than the scale at other stations of the dam for similar epochs. The method can be additionally used to monitor the entire GNSS network of the Dniester HPP-1, not just the dam.

GNSS observations at the permanent stations that belong to some Ukrainian RTK networks are processed in the MAO Local Analysis Centre on daily basis with the Bernese GNSS Software using the CODE rapid products. The received daily stations’ coordinates allow to monitor the stability of the permanent stations. The coordinates time series for some stations in the IGb14 reference frame for time period from May 2020 to July 2021 are presented with the explanations of their behaviour.

In the paper, we analyzed the dynamics of the municipal landfill of Lutsk for the period 2011–2021 using remote sensing data. High-resolution optical images (GoogleEarth) and multispectral images from Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellites were used. The change of the area, configuration and, structure of the landfill for different periods were monitored. Landfill areas of various phases, capping and overgrowing processes, leachate runoff spots, etc. were located. We observed several cases when capped landfill areas were re-used, and new landfills were formed. Further prospects for environmental monitoring of the landfill using remote sensing data were outlined.

The paper presents data on the determination of heavy metals in sewage sludge accumulated in the silt fields of Lviv treatment plants. A map of the morphological structure of the surface of the accumulated sludge is made. A study was carried out to determine the gross and mobile forms of heavy metals in sewage sludge, namely copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), and based on the results, maps were constructed.

The system of monitoring the quality of education should be focused on information support, database, management of the structure and quality of education. It should make it possible to analyze the quality of education and provide an opportunity to forecast the educational complex over time. Maps of the development of the educational complex are considered as an interface to dynamic spatial data, which provides effective access to information, performing the traditional task of the map as a means of figurative and symbolic reproduction of the environment and social processes. The cartographic development of territorial problems of the educational complex of Ukraine should include a system of maps that will cover several areas, such as: analysis of location and development of educational institutions, identification of patterns of location and development of educational institutions in accordance with the geography of industries and resettlement, complex, analysis of changes in territorial organization and structure, characteristics of the growth of education among the population of Ukraine. Analysis of the level of development of the organizational complex is the optimal location of educational institutions, the structure of the complex, the degree of formation of the educational complex depending on the needs of the population. The task of this paper is web-mapping of geography of graduates of the Institute of Geodesy of the National University “Lviv Polytechnic” (2019).