14th EAGE International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects

The question of study regional and local changes hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions of the Kyiv territory. Created and gradually built up an array of information presented tables, graphs and a set of electronic base layers maps in a GIS. Collected digital information on hydrogeological parameters and geochemical indicators. Information system deposits of groundwater as a set of digital maps and basic information table presents a detailed description of the hydrogeological area. Later hydrogeological parameters and the balance will be adjusted as additional information and the results of mathematical modeling. With the help of advanced mathematical modeling and GIS technologies identified areas where there is a violation of the hydrogeological conditions influenced by anthropogenic factors. Done mathematical modeling heofiltratsiyi on key areas and assessed the current state of groundwater within Kyiv. Revealed the most vulnerable areas сenoman-kelovey aquifer system in terms of the deterioration of their quality. Actuality detailed studies of groundwater protection based on geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the structure of the territory.

Consider changes soil mass arising from the dynamic effects of transport and negative consequences of technogenic impact dynamic loads on the geological environment. Actions long loads associated with construction work, the movement of vehicles, especially rail, can lead to serious consequences for the bearing capacity of structures than single powerful vibroudarni load, for example such as seismic loads.

As a result of imbalances arise periodically the load causing vibration of the soil, which is reflected in its properties. Established that regular dynamic loads influence as on surface sediments and rocks at deep occurrence rocks, changing their structure and condition.

The calculation of the expected level of vibrations on the soil surface for conditions shallow subway lines. We have detected the condition of the geological environment under dynamic loads.

On the example of wide spectrum of Ukrainian shield rocks experimental dependences of density on a depth are first shown. Elastic-density descriptions of rocks with a depth change on nonlinear laws. On dependences of Vp=f(Н) and ρ=f(Н) low velocity zones are show up. Inversion zones of Vp and ρ are investigation of rock unpacking in uneven and variable fields of deep pressures and temperatures.

The overview about influence of factors influence shaping mode of groundwater as an example the natural component, are presented. The results of experimental example depending on temperature and precipitation, as one of the main meteorological parameters.

Correlation between earthquakes frequency during 10 years and the geocentric distance of the Moon rm and the angle between the Moon and the Sun fz was investigated. Statistically significant dependence on rm was not found. Dependences upon fz appeared significantly different for different the hypocenter depths and specific geographical areas. It was concluded about existence relationship between earthquakes and the positions of the Moon. Further studies should be conducted on selected depths and geographical areas.

The results of performed works of Dnepropetrovsk geophysical expedition DGE “Dneprogeofizika” to assess the capabilities of geoelectrical methods in the mapping of rocks to identify cavities and areas of possible sinkhole formation on an area of 1.5 hectares near the Central Market Uritsky St. are considered. To solve the problem, the complex of geophysical methods, which included audimagnitotelluric-sounding (AMT), audimagnitovariation sounding (AMVS) and resonance-acoustic profiling (RAP) is used.

The possibility of geoelectric methods at the evaluation process of sinkhole formation searching the underground cavities in rock mass: methods of field operations, results of processing and geological interpretation the data of these methods.

The results of the mine workings had an intense impact on the studied space and led to the development of “neotectonic” processes, changes in the under-earth and groundwater hydrodynamic regime are shown. These changes have caused intense differentiation of physical and mechanical properties of the environment and the formation of weak zones in which may occur surface subsidence.

It is analyzed the existing global geological database and problems that related with absence Ukrainian public databases. Offered the variant to optimize and facilitate the work of the research laboratory of Institute of Geology, developed a database schema, that can store information collected during petrophysical studies of core material.

Density is important parameter for every geophysical model. It reflects main features of inhomogeneous rock structure and its lithological structure. The method and technology of 3D density distribution calculation with reference to the 2D seismic data is in basis of the proposed seismic-density modelling method. Correct 2D and 3D density models association of different scale and depth for small areas need special data organization for all preliminary and intermediate calculation steps. On the basis of the local corrections method, we developed an iteration algorithm with adjusting regularization for stable solution of the three dimensional linear inverse gravity problem and suggested an original method of layered density correction in a non uniform parallelepiped. The method was realized in the computer system of gravimetric data interpretation applied to real problems of seismic density modeling for Timan-Pechora plate.

We introduce the fracture-layer according to Schoenberg theory and insert this layer into a periodically layered elastic medium. The low frequency dispersion due to the presence of fractures and/or layering is defined. In weak-contrast approximation, the elements of sensitivity matrix illustrate the pure- and cross-effect of both fracturing and layering.

During the past ten years, there has been a rapid development of the marine controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) method for hydrocarbon exploration. In shallow water environment two CSEM data acquisition systems which are called SeaBed Logging (SBL) system and towed streamer Electromagnetic (EM) system are developed in recently years. The purpose of this study is to compare SBL and towed streamer EM on detectable limitation by transverse resistance method for evaluating inversion result of marine CSEM data. As a result, towed streamer EM has an advantage at a shallow reservoir depth. It is not able to get a good resistivity image by Occam inversion. By contrast, SBL data acquisition system has an advantage in deep reservoir. In shallow water case, SBL system can also collect CSEM data for inversion. The inversion results have very high transverse resistance ratio even though in the deep reservoir case.