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15th EAGE International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 10-13, 2016
- Location: Kiev, Ukraine
- Published: 10 May 2016
81 - 94 of 94 results
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Modeling of longitudinal and transversal wave diffraction on 2-D anomaly density heterogeneity of hierarchic structure, located in the N-layered elastic medium
Authors O.A. Hachay, O.Y. Khachay and A.Y. KhachaySummaryOur paper is devoted to developing an algorithm of acoustic effect modeling in a frame of frequency-geometrical method for research the anomaly dense elastic inclusion of hierarchic structure located inside the horizontal layered medium with the same elastic parameters. The iteration processes allow determining, according to given elastic parameters inside the embedded elastic layered medium and density anomaly linked with the hierarchic heterogeneity, the space-frequency distribution of the seismic field components on each hierarchic level. Comparing the developed expressions, we can make a conclusion that by constructing a joined seism-gravitational model without taking into account the anomaly influence of the stress-deformed state inside the inclusion, the analyze of the anomaly acoustic effect with use the information about distribution the longitudinal wave shows that it is more sensitive than the acoustic effect of the transversal wave linked with the geometrical morphology of the inclusion. These expressions show that we cannot neglect the influence of the elastic parameters of the embedded medium of the seismic model, because they effect on the values of calculated densities by interpretation. Therefore if we shall use these values by constructing the gravitational model, they will not correspond to the matter content of the researched medium.
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NMO velocity ellipse in group and phase domain
Authors A. Stovas, Y. Roganov and V. RoganovSummaryThe NMO velocity ellipse is originally defined in group domain. We extend this definition to phase domain, derive the azimuth transformation equation and perform the mutual conversion of NMO velocities between phase and group domain. The conversion equations are followed by their analysis.
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Experience of Using NMR Technology for Exploration of Hydrocarbon Deposits
Authors P. Ivashchenko, E. Bakai and A. YurchukSummary“Institute of Geophysics and Problems of the Earth, Ltd.” (Kiev, Ukraine), has developed, patented and been applying in practice for more than 10 years the innovative NMR technology of direct detection of hydrocarbon reservoirs at a depth of up to 5 km without interpretation. Absolute data of deep magтenic resonance sounding are especially in demand during sharp plummeting of oil prices since it significantly reduces exploration risks while saving the exploration budgets of companies.
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Manifestation of plastic deformation waves in the rocks structural changes
Authors P.S. Martyshko, V.A. Pyankov and A.L. RublevSummaryFeatures of macroscale localization of plastic flow are considered in relation to the stage character of work hardering. It is shown that macroscale localization of plastic flow at the stages of work hardering can be described as an autowave process of self-organization. Hardening processes are manifested as an increase of the dislocations number and decrease of grain size in the rocks.
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From structural data to 3D thermal model: an example from the northern North Sea
More LessSummaryA 3D conductive thermal modelling has been performed in the framework of the Crustal Onshore-Offshore Project (COOP project). This has been done in order to understand the regional thermal pattern beneath the northern North Sea and adjacent areas of the Norwegian mainland. The lithosphere-scale 3D model has been used as a realistic approximation of the geometries of the sedimentary infill as well as of the underlying crystalline crust and lithospheric mantle during the 3D thermal modelling. Construction of the 3D model has been done by use of recently published/released structural data and the model has been validated by a 3D density modelling which has been carried out by use of the software IGMAS+ (the Interactive Gravity and Magnetic Application System). The 3D thermal modelling has been performed by using commercial software package COMSOL Multiphysics. Results of thermal modelling within the upper part of the 3D model indicate that the mainland is generally colder than the basin areas. This regional trend of temperature is mostly related to the low thermal conductivity of sediments which increases heat storage within the areas covered by thick sedimentary cover.
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An offshore-onland transect across the NE Black Sea (Crimean margin): evidence of Cenozoic two-stage compression
Authors Y.Y.S. Sheremet, M. Sosson, G. Ratzov, G. Sydorenko and Z. VoitsitskiySummaryIn the tectonic evolution of the Black Sea (BS) there are several unsolved questions: 1) the timing of the BS opening and 2) the timing of the Cenozoic shortening of the northern margin of the Eastern BS (EBS) basin. Mainly, the age-frame of the main compressional deformations is assumed as Oligo-Miocene, related to the Greater Caucasus (GC) basin inversion. The Crimean Mountains (CM) is one of the key areas to fix the tectonic evolution of the BS therefore, we focus on an integrated onshore/offshore transect from the Eastern CM to the Sorokin trough (north of EBS). We used newly collected stratigraphic and structural data from the Eastern CM, and a new interpretation of multichannel seismic lines. We define 1) the seismic stratigraphy and constrain the relative chronology of deformations, 2) the age of seismic units by correlation of the seismic data with the Subbotina-403 well log, and 3) we construct an on-and-off shore transect of the Eastern CM - North of the EBS region. Our results evidence a polyphased compression: 1) during Paleocene-Earliest Eocene and 2) the one starting during the Oligocene-Miocene. Normal faults appeared to be related to flexural bending, instead of evidencing the EBS Cretaceous rifting.
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The interpretation of spatial and temporal distribution of radon high-amplitude variations based on Goldin’s model
Authors P.S. Martyshko, V.A. Pyankov and A.L. RublevSummaryUsing the dynamic features of the Goldin’s model with dilatant strengthening inclusion, we have developed an original method of tectonic events forecast. The methods of short-term earthquake prediction and some results of mathematical modeling of the processes of fracturing in lithosphere are constructed. General scientific methodology of short-term prediction is formulated including two sufficient conditions increasing probability of the forecast of seismic event according to author’s opinion. The implementations of factor analysis method for radon variations are proposed.
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Экономичная технология низковысотной беспилотной аэромагниторазведки и ее геоинформационное обеспечение
Authors A.V. Parshin, V.S. Kanaikin, A.V. Blinov and A.O. MikhalevSummaryСовременный уровень поисков и доразведки рудных месторождений требует создания новых методов получения геоданных, способных повысить эффективность поисково-оценочных работ в условиях сложной ландшафтно-морфологической обстановки. Одним из таких методов может являться низковысотная беспилотная магниторазведка. Рассматривается авторский подход к созданию аэромагниторазведочного комплекса, характеризующегося минимальной стоимостью создания и эксплуатации, и при этом позволяющего получать данные необходимого для поисков промышленно значимых объектов качества. Комплекс рассчитан на работу в условиях сильно пересеченного рельефа, включает мультироторный аппарат с магнитометром и геоинформационные средства для создания полетных заданий и обработки данных съемки. Применяемая методика обработки данных, позволяющая выделить рудные объекты в плане и при необходимости решить обратную задач, рассматривается на примере модельного месторождения с золотоурановой и пирротиновой минерализацией.
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Incomplete Data Production Techniques in GPR Research and Applications
More LessSummaryGPR data are used for analyzing, processing, visualization and interpretation of the underground archeological and other structures. The accuracy of underground structures depends on the completeness of GPR data collected from search area. Due to some search area properties such as uneven surface, presence of archeological and other structures on the surface, etc. collected data become incomplete and inadequate. Another problem is related to the size of search area. Collecting the data with small profile intervals from large search area is costly and time-consuming. In order to contribute to solve these problems this work proposes an approach to produce incomplete GPR data and new profiles with small intervals. Proposed approach consists of three stages. At the first stages, incomplete data and new profiles are produced on the base of original profiles using standard and proposed nonstandard interpolation techniques. At the second stages, produced profiles are compared with original GPR profiles. Finally, at the third stage, the most effective interpolation techniques are defined. Obtained results showed that the proposed interpolation techniques increase the accuracy of underground structures.
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Full acoustic waveform inversion in a pml-truncated tunnel environment
Authors K. Musayev, S. Oezalp, K. Hackl and M. BaitschSummaryPrediction of geological changes, such as caverns, fault zones, weakened zones, etc., ahead of a tunnel is crucial for the safety of the tunnel, the structures above it, and the tunnel boring machines in the case of the mechanized tunnelling. Enough number of boreholes can give an insight of the geological structure below the surface. However, too many boreholes, which are very costly in terms of both time and money, are usually needed to scan the geological structure of the ground. To avoid the high cost, looking ahead of the tunnel is usually done by carrying out a seismic survey. In this work, full waveform inversion (FWI) of the acoustic waves is used in a tunnel environment to predict geological changes in the domain. The aim of FWI is to find such an optimal computer model that matches with the field waveforms with all arrivals and amplitudes of the waves. To have a proper inverse model, the first step is to have a precise forward model. One of the crucial issues in forward wave modelling is the existence of the artificial boundaries which are treated by absorbing boundary techniques. For this study, perfectly matched layer (PML) technique is applied to have sharp absorbing boundaries at the spurious edges.
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Stress concentration near bore-hold in clayey viscoelastic rocks
By B.P. MaslovSummaryTo predict long-term durability parameters of such complex and potentially dangerous structures as, for example, the dams, geological disposal of nuclear waste etc., a new enhanced mathematical model of clayey rocks behavior is suggested. With the aim to generalize known computational methods of elastic geotechnical analysis to the time-dependent problems the behavior of viscoelastic argillites is considered. The microstructure of argillites is supposed to be known in terms of chemical constituents, size and volume concentration of inclusions. Clayey rock is considered as heterogeneous materials composed of clay matrix, quartz, calcite, and clay minerals. The influence of mineral compositions on rheology parameters is evaluated. Constitutive model for the time-dependent behavior can be applicable under complex 3D load conditions. The computer model of time-dependent behavior of nonhomogeneous argillites is constructed, and concentration near elastic inclusions and on the surface of bore-hold in clayey rock matrix is calculated. The viscoelastic solution in the time domain is determined from the solution in the Laplace-Carson domain through performing the computational inverse transform. As an example, the problem of determination of creep deformation and stress relaxation near bore-hold boundary in argillite settlement is analyzed with finite element methods. Some evaluation of durability parameters is done.
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GPRVis: New Software for Analyzing, Processing, Visualization and Interpretation of GPR Data
Authors R. Samet, E. Celik, E. Sengonul and S. TuralSummaryExisting GPR software do not satisfy the needs of users in parallel with the increasing tempo of GPR use in archeological and other research and applications. Needs of users cannot be met with using any one of existing GPR software. Users should use more than one software to meet their needs. In order to meet these needs of users this study proposes new software, named GPRVis, for analyzing, processing, visualization and interpretation of GPR data. GPRVis has four modules: data analysis, data processing, data visualization, data interpretation. In scope of this study, a case study using GPRVis was presented. Obtained results showed that GPRVis can meet all kinds of requirements of users in high accuracy.
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Global and local stochastic optimization in effective elasticity tensors evaluation
By A. KozubalSummaryAim of this paper is to evaluate effective elasticity tensors. These leads to finding closest counterpart (in Frobenius distance function meaning) of given generally anisotropic elasticity tensor in every of the seven nontrivial, material symmetry classes. Without a priori orientation, that distance depends on orientation of the tensor and optimization problem became highly nonlinear. Hence, two optimization engines were analyzed: Stochastic Recursive Algorithms (SRA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
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Neogene submarine rock sliding and development of mass transport deposits in the Ukrainian sector of Black sea basin
Authors O.A. Kitchka, A.P. Tyshchenko, V.I. Lysenko, O.M. Bezkhyzhko and I.I. IshchenkoSummaryFull range of structural settings and related features of extensional, translation and compressive domains of the submarine mass transport deposits (MTDs) has been recognized by thematic interpreting of the regional 2D seismic data covering Ukrainian deepwater area in the Black Sea. At the same the time the Sarmatian breccias synchronous to deepwater MTD known under local name heraclites are described and studied in the SW Crimea in the rock cliffs of the Heraclean Plateau south of Sevastopol. This study links the rapid pulses of the Black sea level fall in the Middle to Late Miocene epoch accompanied by erosion of the shelf break areas and formation of submarine incision valleys, dissociation of gas hydrates, slope failures and large scale submarine rock downslides triggering shallow quakes and tsunamis.
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