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16th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 15-17, 2017
- Location: Kiev, Ukraine
- Published: 15 May 2017
1 - 100 of 114 results
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The inner solid core of the Earth
By H.H. GuliyevSummaryIt is shown that the defined distribution of linear physico-mechanical parameters of the medium and pressure don’t correspond to fundamental requirements of mechanics of strained solid media relative to strength, stability and actuality of velocities of elastic wave propagation in strained solid media in available models (core) of the Earth.
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Geoinformational system in work of Ukraine state commission on mineral reserves: state and prospects
Authors H.I. Rudko, O.V. Netskiy and O.V. VassanovaSummaryProved and developed approaches to create a geoinformation system for geological and economic evaluation of mineral resources.
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Cross-border aspect of geoinformation provision of water resource management in Ukraine
Authors O.Y. Koshliakov, O.V. Dyniak and I.Y. KoshliakovaSummaryThe state and the problems of geoinformational support of water resource management, especially groundwater, within cross-border regions of Ukraine according to EU water legislation requirements are considered. The necessity to consider the technologically impaired interconnection between surface water and groundwater when setting the limits of cross-border water masses, assessing the quality of natural waters and the factors of their changes is justified.
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The Ukrainian Sector of the Black Sea and Crimea: the origin, tectonics and evolution
Authors S.M. Stovba, I.V. Popadyuk, O.I. Khriachtchevskaia and P.O. FenotaSummaryThe results of the researches are based mainly on the interpretation of seismic reflection data along 30000 km seismic lines crossing the Ukrainian sector of the Black Sea (BS) and on geological fieldworks in the Crimea Mountains (CM). The Lower – lowermost Upper Cretaceous secession of the study area is broken into (half) grabens by rift faults having roughly SW-NE and NW-SE trends. The extensional tectonic event, which caused formation of main (half) grabens, lasted since the Albian to Cenomanian or Santonian. Most of the rift faults of the BS were partly inverted during compression in the Middle Eocene and Late Miocene. The Ukrainian BS and CM represent an inverted Early Cretaceous rift system of highly variable geometry. The tectonic units of BS originated due to the intracontinental rifting. The Western and Eastern Black Sea Basins did not develop as oceanic or suboceanic basins as suggested by up-to-date geodynamic models. The Andrusov Ridge presents the Cretaceous rift (half) graben inverted and folded by compression in the Middle Eocene. The folds of CM formed in the Eocene and Late Miocene phases of regional compression by reverse movements along planes of rift faults. The current conceptions on evolution of the BS region should be reconsidered.
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Use of informational technologies for developing project concepts and geophysical research programs
Authors V.V. Morozov and O.V. KalnichenkoSummaryThis article addresses such subjects as improvement of development instruments through projects coming from geophysical and research organizations, creation of their competitive position taken the fast-paced business environment and European integration perspectives. Engagement of scientific potential, as well as use of project management tools will enable a quality rollout of geophysical projects and create conceptually new development strategies for geophysical organizations, known as “blue oceans”.
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On the application of geoacoustic emission and geoelectromagnetic emission (NIEMFE) methods in geodynamic studies
More LessSummaryThe detailed analysis of physics of processes and phenomena that are in the basis of the geoacoustic emission and geoelectromagnetic emission (natural impulse electromagnetic field of the Earth -NIEMFE) methods in geodynamic studies was presented. We show that it is working closely inextricable complex of processes and phenomena, such as geomechanical regularities of deformations and fracturing of rocks and complex of processes (which are associated with microcracks) in geodynamic active and indicative zones – areas of most rocks unloading and most (most notable) geoacoustic emission and geoelectromagnetic emission effects, including, in particular, the influence on these areas the permanently effecting in the rock masses background (noise) elastic waves of wide frequency range – a phenomenon of singular geoacoustic emission and geoelectromagnetic emission energy “biasing” and in fact the very processes of cracking and opening/closing of different scale microcracks in rocks and accompanying them geoacoustic emission and geoelectromagnetic emission effects and phenomena which are direct generator of respective geoacoustic emission and geoelectromagnetic emission signals.
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Integration of an information management system of an enterprise with geological project management systems
Authors I. Teslia, O. Yehorchenkov, Y. Ivanov and S. StarokadomskyiSummaryThe thesis describes the electronic document management system PrimaDoc, which was created to manage the geological projects of the enterprise PLC “Tutkovsky”. It is analyzed existing electronic document management systems. It is shown that these systems do not correspond to the specifics of geological projects management. It is emphasized that the electronic document management system PrimaDoc is a system of planning, collecting, storing, processing and controlling electronic information in geological projects management. It is shown that PrimaDoc differ from other document management systems is possibility to manage any information produced by the other information systems of the PAT “Tutkovsky” and used outside of these systems. It is noted that the main purpose of PrimaDoc is the management of the processes of creating and using electronic information in the enterprise. Two client applications of the system (desktop and web) are described, which are used for the users convenience.
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Information technology portfolio management matrix geological projects
By T. LatishevaSummaryIn the work considered on improving management company that provide services schody search, development and implementation of exploration technology, geology production equipment, and so their designs and patents rozroblyatite matrichni implement that technology. The system resource management matrix production portfolio radioactivity logging devices to study oil and gas reservoirs in cased wells and neobsadzhenyh which is widely used for project management company “TUTKOVSKY”.
At the heart of information technology is the concept of matrix management, which is the allocation of portfolio developments in project management and software (MS Project, Primavera) and building on information about the event model portfolio matrix portfolio management of geological projects and programs (PGPP).
Established authors fundamentally new product – UP_048 technology, which is an advanced tool management and is described as a convenient, user-friendly interface and enhanced functionality geological project management.
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Methodology of implementation of geological projects electronic management technology
Authors I. Khlevna, N. Yehorchenkova, L. Kubiavka and O. IvanovaSummaryTo reduce costs for searching relevant information, ordering, storage and processing information of geological projects it is proposed a methodology for implementation of geological project e-management, which is established on the basis of information management systems. It is shown that it is based on the creation of some geological project management methodology add-on in the form of a meta-methodology. This meta-methodology will include scientific and methodological basis, which uses the tools of influences management. It is shown that the meta-methodology implementation improves efficiency of using of methodologies and technologies of project e-management in practice of project-oriented enterprises. The meta-methodology determines the best ways of implementation of standard processes of geological projects management so that they best meet the needs and specifics of a particular organization.
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Combined database of earthquakes and tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun
Authors A.M. Kazantsev and L.V. KazantsevaSummaryAn approach to search for the connection of tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun with earthquakes is proposed. The earthquake database of the European-Mediterranean Seismological Center CSEM/EMSC is used (http://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/world). The database contains information on earthquakes with magnitudes above 2 numbers since October 2004. By mid-March 2017, there were more than 320,000 recorded events in the database with such data: time point, epicenter coordinates, depth of hypocenter and magnitude.
To search for such connections, we plan to supplement the CSEM/EMSC earthquake database for each given moment and hypocenter with the tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun, the resultant forces, their directions, and some other values. The combined database of earthquakes and tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun will be recorded in text format and displayed for universal access.
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GIS based 4D Petroleum-Environment modeling and visualization for optimizing the interdisciplinary petroleum exploration
More LessSummaryTo increase efficiency of data retrieval, interdisciplinary communication, and data consistency, and to minimize costs and the risk of carrying wrong and (interdisciplinary) inconsistent data trough the project phases, the GIS based 4D Petroleum-Environment Model is introduced, where in parallel to the subsurface petroleum-environmental objects, the surface petroleum-environmental objects’ spatial and temporal information get stored, manipulated, analyzed and visualized. This method supports decision making for all project members of an interdisciplinary E&P study, from researchers to the management.
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Geoinformation system of vehicle routing and parameters of voice interaction of subjects of logistics
By I. NaydonovSummaryThe paper deals with the role of GIS in solving logistical problems given the topology of the terrain. The importance of automating voice interaction component between dispatcher and driver was grounded. Key parameters of voice interactions that increase the efficiency of routing was highlighted: the amount of time scheduled for service at the point of delivery, characteristic of the stop, fact of completion of delivery. Prospects of further investigation was outlined.
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Use of geoinformation technologies and Earth remote sensing technology in monitoring water resources
Authors V.I. Zatcerkovnyi and L.V. PlichkoSummaryThe question of the use of GIS and Earth remote sensing technologies, as necessary instruments to effectively monitor water resources. Presented a general overview and the definition of geographic information systems, reviewed the general characteristics of their components and defining features.
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The calculation of infiltration of the surface waters into soils on the territory of the Mezhyhiria tract on the right bank of the Kiev water reservoir
Authors Yu. V. Heruk, E.D. Kuzmenko, A.P. Nikitash and Ye. O. YakovlevSummaryThe research of the moistening of the subsurface soils under the intensive technogenic burden of the territory of the Mezhygorie tract on the right bank of the water reservoir of Kiev hydropower station was carried. During investigations, the technogenic component of subsurface water was reduced to units that are comparable with the amount of rainfall. As a result, we have the opportunity to use quantitative assessment of the balance of the natural and technogenic components of rainfall and surface waters as a basis for calculating the infiltration. The ratio of natural and technogenic water estimated that is equal to one to two. All components of infiltration were quantified and authors proved more than a threefold increase of infiltration into the aquifer at the expense of amount of technogenic waters, followed by unloading the aquifer on the slope of the water reservoir.
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Water balance and formation of landslides on the right bank of the Kiev reservoir
Authors Yu.V. Heruk, E.D. Kuzmenko, L.I. Davybida, Ye. O. Yakovlev, A. P. Nikitash and V. ZinchenkoSummaryAn analysis of natural-technogenic water supply of rocks as a dominant factor in the change of hydrogeological, engineering-geological and engineering-geophysical properties of the natural massif of the upper part of a geological environment and a development of exogenous geological processes for the studied territory of natural boundary Mezhyhirya was carried. In connection with a technogenic flooding of the territory, a problem of artificially lowering of groundwater levels for a groundwater aquifer by drilling of vertical drainage wells that connected two aquifers was considered. The efficiency of the vertical drainage scheme was assessed on the basis of control observations of groundwater levels and an intensity of sources.
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About a temporal relation between precipitation and groundwater levels on the right bank of the Kiev hydroelectric reservoir
Authors Yu. V. Heruk, E.D. Kuzmenko, L.I. Davybida, Ye. O. Yakovlev and A. P. NikitashSummaryThis publication presents results of investigation of the hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions within natural boundary Mezhyhirya which located on the right bank of the Kyiv hydroelectric reservoir on the Dnieper River. The power sources of the aquifers were identified. It was established that the shaping of the groundwater levels regime was carried out by the rainfall infiltration in the aquifer directly on the site, the infiltration of precipitation in the adjacent areas and further transit on the territory, the transit from the reservoir of the Kiev pumped-storage. It was proved that in the annual cycle the levels regime and the variability of rainfall have a close correlation with the time lags of levels in the magnitude of 1.2 to 4 months. Dependencies of the levels time lags in relation to precipitations were found. The dependencies are shown in the reduction of time lags approaching to the groundwater discharge zone and in a direct correlation between the lags and altitudes of the levels in the same direction and, therefore, in an inverse correlation with the power of the aeration zone.
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Development of photographic GIS database for assessing the state of the geological environment urban areas
More LessSummaryToday the geological problem of the cities is one of the most important and widely discussed topics. The main focus now is the problem of urbanization and the role of Geology in addressing issues of urban development, planning of urban development and sustainable development of urbanized society. The overall goal of this research is the creation a cartographic GIS data base for geo-environmental assessment of the areas of Kiev.
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Oil and gas potential assessment of Siljan impact crater in Sweden by frequency-resonance method of remote sensing data processing
Authors S. Levashov, N. Yakymchuk, I. Korchagin and D. BozhezhaSummaryThe results of oil and gas prospects assessment of the entire Siljan crater and local exploration area within it are analyzed. A survey of these areas were carried out with a frequency-resonance technology of satellite images processing using for “direct” searching and prospecting of hydrocarbons (HC) accumulations. The investigation results are given by maps of maximum values of fluid pressure in the reservoir. This is, in fact, a complex parameter, whose value depends of the gas pressure, contained in the fluid or in free form in the reservoir, as well as of its amount, i.e. of the rock porosity. These zones deserve of detailed study and drilling. The resulting estimates of fluid pressure in the reservoirs indicate of their position at the top of the cross-section. The probability of commercial hydrocarbon accumulations discovery within the crater at depths over 800–1000 m is very low. However, the results of additional studies within one large anomaly have been shown the existence of more deep intervals for hydrocarbon accumulation searching in cross-section. In the case of their confirmation, this will be crucial for the operative assessment of hydrocarbon potential of deep horizons of the cross-section. From investigation results follow also that the drilled deep wells Gravberg-1 and Stenberg-1 are not optimally positioned (they are not within anomalous zones). Application of direct-prospecting technology of remote sensing data frequency-resonance processing will speed up and optimize the process of prospecting and exploration for commercial hydrocarbon accumulations in the Siljan impact craters area.
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Study of acoustic emission of a terrigenous type collector fluid saturation sample under external acoustic influence
Authors G.V. Igolkina and V.V. DryaginSummaryThe parameters of acoustic emission of fluid saturated-sample of terrigenous reservoir type with external acoustic impact using the device of the core research for the conditions close to the reservoir are studied. It is registered and made a detailed analysis of the acoustic emission signals in the porous space of the core in dry and liquid saturated conditions of different types: water, kerosene, oil. Core, saturated by oil, have a maximum value of the accumulated signal and a correspondingly high velocity signal output, which has a pulse character. For the cores, saturated with water, can be seen a steady decline of the signal, and the acoustic emission signal dispersion for water saturating was at least 2–3 less than by oil saturating. It is detected the connection between the acoustic emission changes and saturation of the reservoir, which occur after the external acoustic impact on it, which is reflected in an increase of acoustic emission level in the oil-saturated reservoir and decrease in water-saturated reservoir.
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Geological background and search criteria of industrial oil and gas accumulations discovery within Burgas prospecting area in Bulgaria
Authors A. Samsonov, S. Levashov, N. Yakymchuk, I. Korchagin and D. BozhezhaSummaryThe paper presents and analyzes the results of the of mobile and direct-prospecting methods application on a Burgas prospecting area in Bulgaria. Prospecting studies within area were conducted with using the mobile technology of remote sensing data frequency-resonance processing and interpretation and the ground-based geoelectric methods of forming the short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS).
Two local anomalous zones (Western and Eastern) of the “oil” and “gas” type have been detected within the prospecting area. Within the contours of these anomalous zones the deposits of oil and gas in industrial (commercial) volume can be found in the cross-section. Discovered by direct prospecting methods anomalous zones can be considered as projections into the surface of hydrocarbon accumulations contours in the cross-section. This information may be used for an approximate estimate of hydrocarbon resources within the surveyed areas and structures. For the Western anomalous zones approximate estimates of probable resources of oil and gas have been calculated by received data of studies. Given that the prospecting and exploration of commercial oil and gas accumulations on the onshore and the development of discovered resources is significantly cheaper than within offshore, the detected and mapped anomalous zones deserve of a detailed studying by geophysical methods and drilling.
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Application of NMR Technology in the Evaluation of Properties of Petroleum Reservoirs
Authors M. Amani, M Al-Jubouri, S Khadr and A SayedSummaryThe objective of this study is to review briefly the various applications of the NMR technology currently being utilized for formation evaluation purposes and discuss their effectiveness. Furthermore, to adequately understand the type of interpretations that could be made from the NMR measurement, a thorough literature review will be conducted to first understand the physics of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance measurement and define all its key terms.
The various methods, in which NMR measurements have been utilized in the petroleum industry to evaluate formation properties such as porosity, permeability, identification of multiple fluids in the pore space, and oil viscosity are discussed in this study.
This study shows that the laboratory and field applications of the NMR measurement show a remarkable enhancement in quantifying key parameters such as porosity and permeability. NMR measurement also gives a better understanding of formation fluid types, rock wettability, permeability, and other petrophysical parameters that are essential for proper formation evaluation
Overall, this study concludes that NMR technology has greatly contributed to the enhancement of formation evaluation in the petroleum industry and became an indispensable part of it.
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Passive aerogeophysical electromagnetic survey with seismic-like sections
More LessSummaryIn this paper, we present a new technology that uses recordings of the spontaneous elect romagnetic emission from the lithosphere, which are acquired on board a light aircraft. This nonlinear phenomenon has a number of unusual properties that allow the Earth’s crust to be studied to a considerable depth. A technique is proposed for visually obtaining seismic-like sections wherein emitting horizons are used instead of reflecting horizons. Comparisons of the sections with the seismic data obtained in the Andina Sur (Bolivia) are presented.
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Technology of Laboratory Investigations for Interim Fluctuations of Electrical Properties in Rocks
Authors S. Vyzhva, V. Onyshchuk, M. Reva and I. OnyshchukSummaryThe features of techniques for petroelectrical investigations in rocks are discussed in the article. The electrical properties of rocks has been refined and applied non-standard method of laboratory tests to determine as a result of experimental laboratory works. The technology of laboratory researches of interim fluctuations petroelectrical parameters of extracted and saturated by model reservoir water of rock samples with direct current has been developed due to digital megohmmeter C.A. 6547 and multimeter UT-70B. Experimental studies of interim changes in electrical resistance of rock samples has been done according to developed technology. The developed method is based on two parameters of polarization. They are polarizability and polarization rate. Polarization rate is the derivative of polarizability. It characterizes the rate of change over the course of time of the polarizability (unit of measurement – percentage / a second). The polarization rate is an electrical parameter that has scarcely been used in laboratory petrophysical researches before. According to the results of laboratory measurements, the polarization rate has more stable correlation with physical and chemical properties of rocks than their polarizability. Thus, the polarization rate in combination with polarizability could be used to build complex petroelectrical models.
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Analysis of the carbon carbonate reservoir rocks of Rudenkivs’ko-Proletars’ka area based on the structure determination of the pore space
Authors I. Bezrodna and O. KozionovaSummaryThe authors summarized and systematized the available data of the structure of the void space and complex carbonate reservoir types. The data of the well logging for about 500 layers of carbon rocks of the Rudenkivs’ko-Proletars’ka area (Dnieper-Donets Basin) were used. This area includes 7 deposits: Bagatoys’ke, Gnatívs’ke, Leventsívs’ke, Machus’ke, Novomikolaivs’ke, Pereshchepins’ke and Yur’ivs’ke. The materials of the national funds and the data base of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv were attracted.
We have registered the most complex types of the reservoir void space for the Novomikolaivs’ko-Machus’kiy field. This is caused by the significant development of the cavernous voids. More than 35% of the rocks contain the have cavernous porosity. At the same time the cavernous porosity is present only in the 14% of reservoirs for other studied deposits.
These two groups of deposits are characterized by a different structure of the void space: the first group has 43.72% of the fractured-pore and 1.4% pore-fractured reservoirs, and the second group has 5.8% and 58.29% respectively. Moreover, approximately the same number of pure pore (5.8%) and purely fractured reservoirs (about 15%) was found for all deposits in this region.
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Theoretical substantiation of the rock outburst criterion in terms of amplitude-frequency characteristics of an acoustic signal
Authors O. Sdvyzhkova, Yu. Golovko and D. KlimenkoSummaryThe purpose of research. Deriving the criterion of a crack (joint) initiating under simultaneous effect of the rock stress state and elastic oscillations generated by an external source is a research purpose. Determining the quantitative relations to estimate the contribution of oscillations in crack initiation and create a theoretical basis for the improvement of rock burst forecasting technique is a goal as well.
Methods. The brittle failure theory and a time-space approach are applied to determine a critical length of initiating cracks depending on stress level and amplitude-frequency characteristics of acoustic oscillations. Analysis of experimental data and comparison with the numerical results is carried out.
Findings. Quantitative ratios between a critical length of the crack, a stress intensity factor, oscillation amplitude and a frequency are determined. It is shown that there are such values of the oscillation frequencies at which the critical crack length is especially sensitive relatively the amplitude alteration. The increase in the oscillation amplitude initiates starting the crack with small length. Numerical estimation is made for close-grained sandstone using such characteristics as crack resistance factor and Rayleigh’ wave velocity and tensile strength. Increasing the amplitude twice at the frequency of 1145Hz causes the reduction of starting crack length 3 times. Numerical results correlate with in situ data related to acoustic predicting the dynamic phenomena in the rock mass.
Originality. The crack initiation criterion has been identified.
Practical implications. Quantitative relations between stress components and amplitude-frequency characteristics should be used to improve the outburst forecasting technique and increase the reliability of dynamic effect prediction.
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Software of “KERN-DP” automated system of the rocks anisotropy analysis
Authors Y.A. Onanko, S.A. Vyzhva, A.P. Onanko, A.V. Shabatura, R.V. Homenko and A.N. OnischenkoSummaryThe determination method of the distributing function of microcracks orientation is developed from data of the azimuthal measurings of elastic waves velocities in rocks. The software “KERN-DP” is developed for the automated system of analysis of rocks anisotropy parameters. The automated system of the anisotropy ultrasound measurings data treatment of velocities in rocks is built on windows principle. The structure of database is developed on language of mySQLinformation, physical properties, the special procedures of data management are developed. The Volyno–Podol's'kogo region sandstones, limestones anisotropy is conditioned by the texture features, by the ordering of the structuremorphlogical paragenesis, the different lithology, which show up in striped and linearness, related to trivial – by lentiform development of striped and fissility. This anisotropy is complicated by the lay over microcrack ordering, which are determined by the different degree of diagenetic changes, the real state of sandstones, limestones.
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The structural thermo-atmo-hydro-geochemical research of the Sribnyanska depression
Authors I.D. Bagriy, V.A. Glon, A.P. Kulish, K.M. Starodubets and Yu. K. GordieievaSummaryHydrocarbon research and forecasting of perspective objects at the Sribnyanska depression was carried out. Geological and geophysical data were compared with the interpretation results of satellite imagery. Distribution profiles of temperature, gas-emanation indicators include radon, toron, hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide and methane with its homologues were built. The integrated STAGR methodology is focused on clarifying the structure of the fault-block area of research, the selection of network fault zones of high permeability different levels (which determine the field of modern surface discharge fluid-gas flows) and on this basis the selection of stable blocks geodynamic favorable for the accumulation of hydrocarbons. The forecast of promising areas of the Sribnyanska depression was made according to the results of atmogeochemical parameters distribution analysis.
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The interconnection between surface settling and rock capacity margins (illustrated by Kalush-Holyn potassium salt field as an example)
Authors E.D. Kuzmenko, S.M. Bagriy, I.V. Chepurnyi and U.O. DzobaSummaryThe damage of rock mass due to mining as a means of minerals extraction is mostly connected primarily with subsurface voids whose volume may be as large as tens of millions m3. It causes rock mass deformation and therefore the soil surface. In order to prevent dangerous emergency situations (DESs) of geological nature are used different methods.
The work proposed is aimed at resolving specific problems concerned with the current issue mentioned. Besides, among other geological and mining spacial factors, the authors study the capacity margin factor and prove that its role is dominant in surface settling. To illustrate the problem and solution, the reference is made to Kalush-Holyn potassium salt field. The practical implication of the model developed is the possibility to assess the level of surface deformation using the capacity margins factor of pillars for mining potassium salt fields.
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Nanotechnologies and the problem of oil production intensification
Authors G.M. Efendiyev, H.H. Guliyev, A.S. Strekov, A.F. Musayev and D.A. AkhmetovSummaryThe results of experimental studies of the effect of the system on the basis of metallic and organic clusters on the change in the porosity of a porous medium are presented. It is obtained that the developed system is an effective means for regulating water permeability of a porous medium.
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New geophysical data about the Pacific Margin Magnetic anomaly (PMA) sources and some features of the Western Antarctica geodynamic processes
Authors V.D. Soloviev, V.G. Bakhmutov, I.N. Korchagin, S.P. Levashov, N.A. Yakymchuk and D.N. BozhezhaSummaryNew geophysical models of the Earth’s crust and upper mantle were used to study the possible nature of the Pacific Margin Anomaly (PMA) near the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). Active tectonic processes in the Mesozoic – Cenozoic resulted in the complex evolution and the magnetic sources of PMA along the AP margin forming. The PMA-batholith consists of a series of plutons with different ages, composition and magnetization. Spatial heterogeneity of the various segments of PMA can also be associated with a variety of depth, power and magnetic susceptibility of individual units that form the source of regional anomalies. It is possible that the total anomaly name (PMA) can formally integrate anomalies of different ages and origins. Numerous local young age intrusions form an additional PMA horizon of magnetized bodies associated with volcanic processes at the top of the crust. Some segments of the PMA may be associated with the processes of tectonic changes near the Antarctic – Scotia paleo-plate boundary, as well as tectonic and magmatic processes in the areas of paleo rifts structures detection. New geophysical results for different PMA – segments from the Palmer Land to Powell Basin may generalize current ideas of sources and origin of this positive magnetic anomaly.
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The study of geoelectric methods of the current component of the flooding of the southwestern part of Kryvbas
Authors P. Pigulevskiy, V. Svistun, S. Slobodyaniuk and O. KyryliukSummaryThe investigations were obtained maps, allowing to clarify and specify state features of geoelectrical southwest Kryvbas as in three-dimensional space and time – the period from 2008 till 2012. Analysis of resistance geoelectrical changes during this period allowed to establish their connection with fluctuations in water levels in boreholes and hydrogeological wells and obtain analytical equations to determine the component of “flooding” in the first surface of the aquifer. Using of analytical equations allows to build the productive map that shows the impact of natural processes and waterworks in the area of research at the period of four years.
The technology research can quickly identify areas of flooding and chart geoelectric methods and enhance detail engineering-geological zoning for complex study of technosphere impact on the geological environment of Kryvbas. Identify areas of negative geological manifestations (failures, landslides, flooding) and make a forecast of their further development. The resulting features of modern technological component “flooding” for the period from 2008 till 2012 shows that it is not uniformly held, but mosaic, which allows to localize places for the implementation of priority measures of ecological security in South-West of Kryvbas.
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Active tectonics and deformation patterns evidenced from new Chirp seismic data from Marmara Sea, Turkey
More LessSummaryThe northern branch of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) zone is the most active tectonic element in the Marmara Sea and responsible for most of the seafloor and subsurface deformations observed along the northern shelf. Various of these deformations are determined by using Chirp data. In this context, Chirp seismic data were conducted in 2015. A total of 500 km Chirp data have been interpreted to reveal the structural features of the basement rocks covered with late Quaternary sediments along the northern shelf. The sediment thickness of the thin overlying seismic unit (U2) increases close the coastline and beyond the shelf break. The lower unit (U1) gradually thins in the middle of the shelf and towards the shelf break in the study area; mostly under the control of the terraces observed on top of the U1. All faults and tectonic deformation have only been observed under this Holocene unit. It is merely observed tectonic features (folding, undulation, faults) in the U1. The Holocene unit covered not only the tectonic structures and faults below the truncational erosion surface but also the older lithology, mainly folded and sometimes tightly folded.. The faults in the lower unit actually have low seismic activity.
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Modeling of stress-strain state of rocks during coal deposits exploration
Authors O.M. Ivanik, V.V. Shevchuk, M.V. Lavrenyuk and M.V. SavelievSummaryStudying the values and the distribution of natural stresses in rock complexes of uniform and non¬uniform structures is a complex problem due to the fact that there are numerous effecting natural geological and anthropogenic factors and forces. The most reasonable way to conduct studies of the stress-strain state of anthropogenically changed rock mass during the development of stratified coal deposits is to use the method of continuum mechanics, which are based on both analytical and numerical solutions, and the data of in-field and laboratory experiments. When modeling the working-out of coal-bearing strata in flat setting (plane strain), characteristic cross-sections for different zone workings were reviewed. The algorithm for computation за the stress-strain state using the analytical method was analyzed. With the purpose of determination of stresses around a working, we used the solution of the plane problem of the elasticity theory about semi-infinite mass, constrained by the land surface and weakened by the working. The criteria of correctness of the solution were defined, which are determined by way of verification of boundary conditions. With the purpose of solving the problem of distribution of stresses in a mass which is modeled with a linearly deformed media around a working of an arbitrary shape of cross-section, the relevant form of the mapping function of the unit circle on the working shape of an arbitrary shape was determined.
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3D density and magnetic models of the Mid-Norwegian continental margin
Authors Y. Maystrenko, L. Gernigon, A. Nasuti and O. OlesenSummaryAn integrated 3D density/magnetic modelling has been carried out in the framework of the Crustal Onshore-Offshore Project (COOP2 project). We have made this modelling in order to reveal the regional structural pattern of the Mid-Norwegian continental margin and adjacent areas. Construction of the 3D density/magnetic model has been carried out by use of recently published/released structural data. The 3D density and magnetic modelling itself has been performed using the software IGMAS+ (the Interactive Gravity and Magnetic Application System). The obtained lithosphere-scale 3D structural model represents a first-order approximation of the geometries of the sedimentary infill as well as of the underlying crystalline crust and lithospheric mantle beneath the area under consideration. The configuration of the modelled crystalline crust is consistent with the long-wavelength components of the observed gravity field over the Mid-Norwegian continental margin and adjacent continent. Moreover, the results of the 3D magnetic modelling demonstrate that the 3D density/structural model has to be sub-divided into crustal blocks with different magnetic properties, indicating that these magnetically-derived smaller crustal blocks could lithologically differ from the rest of the initially density-based larger layers.
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Geoinformation modeling complex expert assessment of regional geology models
Authors I.P. Dolinskiy, A.A. Haharin and A.P. LobasovSummaryThe report presents the functionality of geo-modeling expert complex (GMEC). GMEC complex provides: creating models of regional facilities, storage, processing and visualization of geological and geophysical information, spatial analysis models. These materials opportunity to realize the program is user-friendly software system for building and analyzing models of regional geological sections in a given area surveillance. Mapping interface system using conventional geological terminology and focuses on professional geologist-geophysicist. The system is tested on a real geological materials and found a favorable response among geologists.
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Dynamics of the chalk strata state’s change on the territory of the Rivne NPP and the forecast until 2025
Authors S. Vyzhva, V. Demidov and K. IvanchenkoSummaryData analysis of the current state and density of chalk strata forecast on the territory of the Rivne NPP industrial area are presented in the paper. The authors carry out the analysis of monitoring observations of changes of the chalk and loamy soils strata states that overlap it since 1984. In particular, the dynamics of the change in the state of the chalk in the № 62 well was analyzed. In addition, a forecast of chalk strata state’s change on industrial area was made until 2025 and the general trend of chalk strata state change in 25 wells was illustrated. For the forecast the autoregressive integrated moving average was used.
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Cross-correlation dependences of rocks petrophysical characteristics in the different PT conditions of experiments
Authors V.A. Korchin, E.E. Karnaukhova, P.A. Burtnyi and M.V. KravchukSummaryOn results the long-term study of physical characteristics of the Ukrainian shield mineral formations a search and analysis of cross-correlation dependences is conducted between elastic-density, thermal, magnetic and by electrical parameters of rocks, their mineral composition, structure-texture features at the different thermobaric regimes of experiments. Such information is needed for the detailed interpretation of materials of the field geophysical observations at creation of complex deep petrophysical lithosphere models.
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Geoelectric Model of the Undermined Rock Mass
Authors A.V. Antsiferov, L.A. Ivanov and V.V TumanovSummaryThe model has been developed in which by the resistivity of lithologic-and-stratigraphic units determined before and after coal seam winning the undermining impact area was recognized. This area breaks down into two flexure zones respectively, without and with discontinuity of rocks. The model is described as physico-geological basis for the use of EM sounding to predict hazardous mining-and-geological events that result from coal winning and to evaluate rock mass as methane reservoir produced after coal seam was taken away.
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Magnetic field of the Kamennomogilskyi swarm of the Eastern Azov region and its magnetic model
Authors E.P. Gadiatska, M.I. Bakarjieva, A.V. Marchenko and G.E. IvankevichSummaryThe results stated in this report are received on the basis of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the geomagnetic field according to aeromagnetic shootings and land profile observations in a complex with geological data. Structural-geological and magnetic characteristics of the Kamennomogilsky dyke swarm are provided. Spatial analysis of dykes swarms concentration of accommodation and its relationship with inhomogeneities of crust deep structure was completed. It is shown the results of modeling of the Kamennomogilskyi dyke swarm.
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Modelling of the microstructure of a clastic oil and gas reservoir rock
Authors V. Berezovskiy and M.G. GubaidullinSummaryIn the mathematical modeling of the macroscopic properties of porous media, there is a task to do 3D reconstruction of the core microstructure and to estimate the relationship between the geometry of the microstructure and its macroscopic physical properties. The paper considers the process of modeling the core pore space and the evaluation of its permeability and the method for constructing geometry framework of the core, based on the molecular dynamics. The results of numerical calculations and their comparison with the full-scale experiment has been reported.
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Catagenesis effect on the Visean carbonate rocks in the central part of the Dnieper-Donets basin
By O.V. TunikSummaryThere are research results about catagenetical (late-diagenetical) alterations of Visean carbonate rocks in the area of Dnieper-Donets basin (DDB) pre-axial zone. These changes were caused by high temperatures, pressures and fluid migration flow. A precise investigation of secondary processes showed that they play an important role in regards to formation of the porosity and permeability in carbonate rocks. The subjection within intensity of secondary alterations and pressure-and-temperature conditions of the strata has been defined here. Consequently, all investigated strata can be divided in up to: a zone without crucial changes, a compacted altered zone with decreased filtration capacity properties and another altered zone with increased reservoir properties. Observation and chronical analysis of all secondary processes could help to restore the content and migration stages of hydrocarbon fluids.
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Bathymetric DEM: Offshore Cide-Sinop, Southern Black Sea
Authors N. Ocakoğlu, Y. Işcan Alp, F. Kılıç and O. ÖzelSummaryA new Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was created using the bathymetry data of Cide-Sinop region at the Southern Black Sea to interpret the morphological structures of the study area. Bathymetry data were acquired between 2002–2008 by the Turkish Navy, Department of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography (TN-DNHO) and studied under the research project of Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project no. TUBİTAK-ÇAYDAG-114Y057). Multi-beam echo-sounder measurements cover 2.59 km2 area and depths change from −1 to −500 m. ASCII files consist of 171.2 million points, with an average measurement density of 0.05 points per square meter. Files were converted to vector points by using the developed conversion program.
The seafloor is represented by a quite smooth and large shelf plain with an approx. 25 km wide and the water depth of about −100 m. The shelf gently deepens and it is limited by the shelf break with average of −120 m contour. Slope angles from 0 to 1 degree at the shelf plain, increases about to 10 degrees beyond the shelf edge. The large shelf plain is widely characterized by sand dunes with an average height of 10 meters form E-W oriented belts of 500–1000 m in width.
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Morpho-structural setting of the eastern part of the Aegean Sea (Kos-Nisyros-Tilos-Gökova region) revealed by high-resolution bathymetry
Authors P Nomikou, N Ocakoğlu, Y. Işcan Alp, D Lampridou and D PapanikolaouSummaryA digital terrain model was created and interpreted by using two bathymetric data sets from the Kos-Nisyros-Tilos and Gökova regions respectively. First group of data was acquired as part of the scientific program “GEOWARN” in 2000 and the second group was collected by the Turkish Navy, Department of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography in 2005. Two data sets were conventionally processed separately, then merged and re-gridded with 20 m cell size using open source software MB-SYSTEM.
Kos-Nisyros-Tilos constitutes a large tectonic graben divided into three basins with 600 m average depth. This graben is penetrated by a complex volcanic group forming the volcanic islands of Nisyros, Pachia, Pergoussa, Yali and Strongyli and small intra-volcanic basins with less than 350 m of depth. This middle zone represents an uplifted tectonic horst above sea-level separating the large graben zone into two adjacent grabens to the north and to the south.
Two submarine plains and ridges were mapped as the main morphological features of the Gulf of Gökova. Strike-slip faults, reverse faults, and folds constitute the active features in the gulf. Of these, the Gökova strike-slip fault zone intersects and displaces all WNW-ESE-oriented submarine plains and ridges.
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Geochemistry of Jastraba Formation Rhyolites, Central Slovakia Volcanic Field
Authors L. Gavryliv, J. Lexa, S.E. Shnyukov and A.G. AleksieienkoSummaryThe Central Slovakia Volcanic Field (CSVF) is situated at the inner side of the Carpathian arc. The former is over 5 000 km2 and is known to contain large gold, silver and base metal epithermal deposits. CSVF is of the Badenian through Pannonian age (16.5–8.5 Ma), and it is related to subduction of the flysch belt oceanic/suboceanic basement underneath the advancing Carpathian arc and to back-arc extension processes. The extensive system of base metal, silver-base metal and gold-silver epithermal veins is hosted by faults of the resurgent horst. Evolution of the system took place during and after the late stage rhyolitic magmatic activity. The latter is represented by the Jastrabá Formation rhyolites and it forms the object of the research. Major, trace and rare earth element abundance in the rocks, that could provide information about different stages of magma evolution and variations in melt composition, forms the subject of the research. The evidences presented suggest that much of the geochemical and isotopic variation of the Jastraba rhyolites results from extensive mixing of subcrustal and deep-crustal magmas.
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Possible capabilities of existing analytical databanks use in modelling of geochemical processes
Authors L.I. Gavryliv, I.I. Lazareva, S.E. Shnyukov and A.G. AleksieienkoSummaryGeochemical modelling is a constantly developing branch of Earth sciences, which facilitates solving of the wide spectrum of fundamental and application tasks. Its success depends on initial analytical data quality, which is controlled characterized factors. This paper aims to review use possibility of existing analytical databanks, composed of different sources and analytical methods derived data on geological objects. In terms of multi-laboratory experiment, research techniques consisted of quantitative chemical analysis results of reference samples set (RS) correlation to the data on single-laboratory measurements for the same RS using different methods. The research conducted revealed discrepancies between analytical data, which only depend on analytical techniques. This is particularly true for dissolution techniques, which predate ICP. Certain elements demonstrate unacceptable concentration deviations, which render analytical data inappropriate for geochemical modelling or other processing. The paper clarifies that geochemical modelling can utilize only specialized databanks, which meet following requirements: (1) strong geological background for the sampling locations and sample representability; (2) full spectrum major and trace elements chemical analysis conducted in a single laboratory using single method; (3) analytical survey conduction by means of modern, precision and most sensitive techniques; (4) supreme analysis validation, which grants reliability of initial geological information.
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Determination of the plastic hierarchical inclusion surface located in layered block media using acoustic monitoring data
Authors O.A. Hachay, A.Y. Khachay and O.Y. KhachaySummaryAnalogies of process oil and gas from the process of mineralization, formation of ore deposits, which pronounced its endogenous nature, testify to the important role of endogenous factors in the formation of oil and gas accumulations. There is an urgent need to search not only the generation of hydrocarbons in the system with organic matter, but also in the broader system covering deposits of fossil fuels and ore deposits. The processes of developing oil and gas fields are connected with the movement of multiphase multicomponent media, which are characterized by non-equilibrium and nonlinear rheology. The actual behavior of the reservoir systems is determined by the complexity of moving fluids rheology and morphological structure of the porous medium, as well as the diversity of the processes of interaction between the fluid and the porous medium. This reservoir system, from which to extract the oil, is a complex dynamic hierarchical system. To address the objectives it is necessary to create a new interpretation of the theory of wave fields in the framework of a complicated model: layer-blocks with inclusions of hierarchical type. A new approach to the interpretation of the wave fields for determination of the contours of hierarchical objects surfaces. We developed an iteration process of solving the inverse problem for definition of 2D hierarchical inclusions k-th rank configurations. When interpreting the results of the monitoring it is necessary to use the data of such observation systems that are configured to study the hierarchical structure of the medium.
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Geometrical spreading in 3D
By A. StovasSummaryThe relative geometrical spreading controls the amplitude of the waves propagating through the velocity model. Usually, relative geometrical spreading is computed from the ray tracing. In this paper, I derived simple analytical formulae to compute the relative geometrical spreading of P-wave in the stack of acoustic orthorhombic layers with azimuthal variations in symmetry planes. I also analyze the kinematical properties of derived equation and perform the sensitivity analysis with respect to three anelliptic parameters. The simple and accurate approximation for the relative geometrical spreading is derived.
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Modeling of reservoir pressures in heterogeneous porous layers of oil-gas deposits
Authors M.V. Lubkov, O.O. Levchenko and A.N. ManguraSummaryOn the base of nonstationary piezoconductivity equation, describing press distribution in the heterogeneous deformable porous layers with the help of elaborated combined method, which unites finite element and finite differences method, and allows calculating inhomogeneous distributions of the porous environment parameters we have carried out computer modeling of the reservoir pressures in the heterogeneous porous layers of oil-gas deposits. General analysis of the obtained results shows that reservoir pressures distribution essentially depends on irregularity of bedding collector rocks and irregularity of their collector characteristics. Therefore, irregularity of the reservoir pressures distribution is mainly defined by geometric stratigraphic inclined irregularity of bedding collector rocks and distinctions of their collector characteristics in different directions. In the case of oil-gas deposits, exploitation with penetrated borders, the high bottom well pressure can be supported during ten years. However, it is necessary to take into account the fact of water owerflowing of oil-gas deposits. In the case of oil-gas deposits with unpenetrated borders, the noticeable exhaustion of the deposits becomes during one year. At that, exhaustion velocity depends on initial conditions of oil-gas deposits (their sizes and average reservoir pressures) and exploitation conditions.
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Lithogenetic fracturing of Paleogene reservoir-rocks of the Precarpathian depression
Authors S.S. Kurovets, B.Y. Mayevskyy, T.V. Zderka and A.V. YaremaSummaryThorough lithologic-and-petrographic research, fulfilled by means of complex microscopic research of Paleogene reservoir-rocks in cores and thin sections, points at wide development of lithogenetic fractures, opening of which is mostly equal to the first tens of micrometers.
By methods of statistical processing the data obtained from microscopic analysis in thin sections, it was established that there exists a regularity of microfractures spreading in the zones of intensive lithogenetic fracturing of Paleogene reservoir-rocks of the Precarpathian Depression. It was proved that the conditions of lithogenetic fracturing formation can be dated to sediment-genesis stage influenced by seasonal variations of sediment-accumulation conditions.
It was revealed that oil-saturated layer-by-layer lithogenetic fractures are good filtration canals, providing considerable flow rate of operation wells. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent fluid-conducting fractures from closing during hydrocarbons pumping out of them during wells development.
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The reduction of the magnetic field within development areas of the plateaubasalts
Authors A.S. Dolgal, O.M. Muravina and L.A. HristenkoSummaryThe problem of taking into account the influence of the relief of the earth’s surface when measuring the magnetic field over the plateaubasalts is considered. A new method is proposed for assessing the effect of sharply dissected relief composed of intensely magnetized rocks on the results of field observations. The decomposition of data on the magnetic field and altitude marks into empirical modes is used, and also the subsequent application to the received components the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH). The results of reduction of the aeromagnetic survey performed in the northwest of the Siberian platform over the copper-nickel ore deposit are presented.
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The mathematic methods of short-term earthquake prediction
Authors P.S. Martyshko, V.A. Pyankov and A.L. RublevSummaryThe methods of short-term earthquake prediction and some results of mathematical modeling of the processes of fracturing in lithosphere are developed. General scientific methodology of short-term prediction is formulated including two sufficient conditions increasing probability of the forecast of seismic event according to author’s opinion. The implementations of factor analysis method and artificial neural networks for variations of radon are proposed.
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Results of the Arctic Urals magnetic data interpretation
Authors P.S. Martyshko, V.A. Pyankov and A.L. RublevSummaryWe have investigated the morphology of the negative regional magnetic anomaly of Arctic Urals. This magnetic anomaly spatially coincides with structures of Predurals depression. In this paper we applied the method of construction 3D surfaces using magnetic data. We suggest modified iterative local correction method for solving structure magnetic inverse problem. The 3D magnetic model of the Arctic segment of the Earth crust has been constructed. The main elements of subsurface structure at southern latitudes are preserved.
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Heat production by the viscous dissipation of energy at the stage of accumulation of the earth
Authors Y. Hachay, O. Hachay and A. AntipinSummaryAt all stages of proto Earth’s development the convective heat-mass transfer becomes a most significant factor in the dynamics of the planet. In this paper we present the first results of numerical modeling of thermal evolution of 3D spherical segment for a protoplanet with increasing radius and possible falling of bodies and particles. To describe the planetary accumulation Safronov equation is used. For the quantitative determination of the released heat by viscous friction a system of hydro dynamic equations of a viscous liquid is used. The obtained results show that the heat input due to viscous friction heat release at the early stage of planetary accumulation was very significant. That influence is defined by a set of factors. It was changed the width of the formed outer core. It was changed the distribution of the temperature and hydrostatic pressure inside the core and reciprocally the viscosity of the matter. It had been changed the orbit parameters of the system Earth-Moon. The received results depend from the parameters, the values of which are known with large degree of uncertainty. They have to be specified during next researchers.
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The experience of integrating of GIS techniques in the construction of digital maps of geophysical fields
Authors Yu.I. Dubovenko and M.P. KuzminetsSummaryThe creation of digital data banks and the computer modeling of sites (the replacement of field matrices with their analytical approximations) did not abolish the role of maps in the visualization and analysis of data. However, the results of the digitization of maps are ambiguous due to the dependence on the method of interpolating of the field isolines. The present analysis is devoted to the study of methods of authentic mapping of isolines.
The methods of smoothing isolines are studied: an adjoining parabolic spline, a Bezier spline, a cubic spline on a regular rectangular grid, and linear interpolation for comparison purposes.
It is revealed that the interpolation with cubic curves preserves the continuity of the curve, but violates the continuity of the first derivative at the interpolation nodes, as a result of which breaks in isolines are seen.
Comparison of the results of digitization of gravimetry data by different methods has shown that none of the methods of gridding approaches any exact solution. The method of the radial basis function for complex contours has an acceptable accuracy. The kriging method will be such in the case of fine tuning of its parameters on the characteristics of the object. To create a reliable observation network, additional settings are needed, which are discussed in the report.
The actual values of the field, reconstructed by different interpolation methods, give different anomalies. Almost the same kinds of anomalies are in pairs of methods “kriging – function of a radial basis,” and “triangulation – natural neighbor.” The nearest neighbor methods, polynomial, mo-ving average, Shepard’s are unsuitable for the restoration of gully type isolines with a high degree of ruggedness.
The output from the ambiguous field visualization is on way of a two-stage preprocessing of the initial data: fine-tuning of the gridding parameters for a specific survey and the controlled nonlinear filtering of data in the GS Surfer. Here, unwanted local effects can be removed by smoothing low-pass filters, while highlighting local parts done with high-pass filters providing the filter parameters are set correctly. The choice of filters depends on the physical parameters of the media and is carried out by the cut-and-try method.
Binding of coordinates and digitization of isoline maps with contour rupture cannot be solved in GS Surfer. However, the strategy of creating of digital gravity databases was developed, which uses not maps of isolines, but a measurement logs, transferring a grid of values into the grid of anomalies. Software for processing maps with a contour gap has been developed and tested on the simple examples.
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Investigation of the possibilities of potential fields structural transformations in geological mapping
Authors V.M. Logvin and P.G. PigulevskiySummaryThe main aim of the research is investigation of the possibilities of geological objects formalized localization based on magnetic and gravitational fields lineament analysis.
The computational experiment was carried out in several stages. At the first stage on simple models, the features of the appearance of the geological structure in potential fields transformations were studied. On the second stage, to create a complex regional background, additional density objects that are imitating fault tectonics were added to the model. On the third, the effect of random noise on the results of field transformation was evaluated.
As a result of mathematical calculations for the synthetic magnetic and gravitational fields, the efficiency of the proposed lineament analysis for geological mapping is shown. The proposed method of lineament analysis allows to confidently outline geological objects even in low-contrast potential fields. It is suggested to carry out preliminary smoothing of the original fields to increase the effectiveness of lineament analysis in the presence of random noise.
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On an information system of physical properties and composition of magmatic formations of the Ukrainian Shield
Authors O.V. Shabatura and A.M. OnyshchenkkoSummaryAn information system of the physical properties and composition of magmatic formations of the Ukrainian Shield was created within the framework of the scientific branch of “Institute of Geology” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv led by Prof. Tolstoy M.I. In general the purpose of creating of the IS was to systematize the results of chemical analysis and measurements of physical characteristics of a wide range of magmatic formations but mainly granitoid composition of the Ukrainian Shield. The IS is intended not only for carrying out individual researches and development works, but also for the presentation of its results for educational process.
The IS is based on a thematic tables of database containing a large databank on physical properties (37 features), the results of chemical analysis of rocks (about 70 features) and the other geological data. The database is created in the Microsoft Access database and inherently this is an optimal way to organize various geological information. It contains information on 11804 samples obtained at 849 points of the six megablocks of the Ukrainian Shield. Also this database has a photobank of more than 500 thin sections, macrographs and polished sections of main representatives of rocks of the Ukrainian Shield.
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The practical realization of program-algorithmic complex modelling of magnetometric data
Authors T.L. Mikheeva, E.P. Lapina and N.V. PanchenkoSummaryThe results of the use of computer technology for quantitative interpretation of magnetometric data obtained during Second Ukrainian Antarctic expedition. Given the solution of inverse problems of magnetometry, when anomalies mass consists of a fixed number of the star bodies. In the approximation of the design to parameterize the sources used are two types of cells. In the first stage of the simulation used a vertical cylindrical cell with a polygonal cross section, in a second stage, the outer body contour is defined by the radius vector. This vector is a function of the angular coordinates. As a result of calculations we can assert that high-intensity anomalies in the study area due to magnetic sources with high values of magnetization.
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Flat elastic waves in periodic fluid-solid media
Authors Y.V. Roganov and V.Y. RoganovSummaryDispersion equation is derived for the Floquet waves in a horizontal periodically layered fluid-solid medium. It is shown that the dispersion equation consists of four factors. This representation explains the splitting of parameters (frequency, horizontal slowness) in passing and stop bands. The Floquet waves with horizontal group velocity can be computed individually from each of these factors. The equations for the ratios of the components of polarization vectors and the amplitudes of partial waves are derived. Proposed theory is illustrated in one numerical example.
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Asymptotic methods in evaluation of the long-wavelength response induced by a buried source in a fluid-filled borehole
By A.M. IonovSummaryThe long-wavelength response of a fluid-filled borehole embedded in an elastic half-space under the action of a buried dilatational source is studied. The total wavefield consists of P, PP and SV body waves, the Rayleigh wave and the low-frequency Stoneley (tube) wave. In its turn, the tube wave consists of the partial responses generated by the incident P wave and the reflected PP and PS body waves at the borehole mouth and by the Rayleigh wave as well as the Stoneley wave eigenmode. The conditions of appearance of the Mach wave in a slow formation are formulated. It is shown that the amplitude of the Mach wave, if any, strongly depends on a certain combination of elastic parameters and the burial depth of the source. The dependence of asymptotic amplitudes and waveforms of the seismic phases arising in the fluid-filled borehole on acoustic and geometric parameters of the problem (including the burial depth) is analyzed. Pressure synthetics obtained with the asymptotic formulas are shown to be in good agreem.
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Formal connection of scalar impedances and components of tensor Z
More LessSummaryWork is devoted to the research some of properties of scalar parameters of impedance type, in particular to definition of the form of dependence these parameters from polarization of a tangential magnetic field and also to consideration of interrelation of these parameters with classical for magnetotelluric methods tensor an impedance.
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Tectonic and seismological settings of subduction
More LessSummaryA lot of achievements of self-organization theory in geophysics are based on the existence of basic structured media models. The structure plays a key role in Earth’s crust dynamic that is important for tectonic stress origin and localization as well as for next stress-relieved processes. We have developed a new fully dynamic theory of continental rifting based on a model of the lithosphere, incorporating both dynamic and thermal processes, by solving a coupled system of differential equations governing stress and temperature in a 2D block-structured geophysical medium.
Now we will apply our theory for investigations of compression processes in lithosphere such as subduction and seismic related events. Seismic waves accompanying the subduction process are predicted as catastrophic released energy from prestressed mega block in such structured medium. They will be investigated in future on a seismic time scale taking into account the peculiarities of lithospheric internal structure, dynamical processes occurring on the level of structural elements and the exchange of energy between different degrees of freedom.
A new model of earthquake source is proposed.
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Velocities of elastic waves modeling for complex reservoir rocks
Authors V. Khalimendik and I. VirshyloSummaryThe paper presents the results of the study of complex oil and gas reservoir rocks models, which have same volume of the hollow space and different acoustic properties which considerably depending on the ratio of different types of voids. Also presents the algorithm description of the author’s program, implemented in the programming language C++, using for generation of the studied data.
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Statistical model based on complex geophysics monitoring of seismotectonic processes
Authors D.V. Malytskyy, M.R. Makhnitskyi, O.A. Astashkina, M.M. Hkomjak and Y.P. KovalSummaryIn the paper presents statistic model of temporal variations of energy of local earthquakes and changes of deformation. This model is built based on data of complex geophysical studies on the regime stations of the Transcarpathian polygon. Considering correlation analysis within 5% and is not zero, it was concluded about reliability of developed model and recommend this approach for seismic safety.
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Kinetic modeling of the hematite to magnetite reduction with starch
By V.P. PonomarSummaryThe kinetic parameters (the activation energy and the reaction rate constants) for the process of hematite to magnetite transformation with starch have been determined. Based on the saturation magnetization of transformed samples, the conversion fraction of each sample was estimated. The conversion fraction increased up to 0.5 at 600 °C with rising time. In addition, two stages of the reaction were clearly distinguished. The first stage (acceleration process) involves the rapid nucleation and growth of magnetite on hematite particles. The second (deceleration process) is attributed to the reaction interface progress towards the center of the hematite grain. Kinetic analysis showed that the first stage is best-described by Avrami-Erofeev Reaction Model which involves the restrictions on nuclei growth. The second stage corresponds to the Jander Reaction Model in which hte diffusion is the restriction factor. The reaction rate constants of hematite to magnetite transformation increased 30 times for the first stage of the reaction and only 4 times for the second stage with increasing temperature. The activation energy of acceleration process was 84 kJ/mol; the activation energy of deceleration process was 33 kJ/mol. The results of this work are important for the development of beneficiation technologies of iron ore by magnetizing roasting.
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Stress field in the Transcarpathians from focal mechanisms
Authors D.V. Malytskyy, A.V. Murovska, O.O. Obidina, O.B. Gintov, A.R. Gnyp and A.V. PugachSummaryIn the paper, a method is presented for evaluation of the stress field in the Transcarpathians based on mechanisms of 20 earthquakes that had occurred here during a period from 1.06.2012 to 06.08.2015. Focal mechanisms of earthquakes were defined by graphic method. Further, to calculate the stress field the earthquake mechanisms were clustered using a method of P-T axes and program WIN-TENSOR. The most typical mechanisms were thrusting and normal faulting. The results presented indicate the compression mode prevalence in the studied area.
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Induced seismicity from quarry blasts according to the records from KIEV-IRIS station
Authors A.S. Kulynych, V.A. Ilyenko and A.M. KushnirSummaryInduced seismicity on the north of Ukrainian right bank, Zhytomyr region, resulted from the large number of quarry openings and direct blasting operations conducted on them. The study of natural seismicity gets more complicated due to these activities. Moreover, with a relatively low level of local earthquakes there are many seismic events with the same intensity, which are generated by different types of explosions.
The analysis of seismic records, collected from the large number of blasting operations in the massive quarries, has shown that a maximum of spectrum amplitudes in a spectra of explosion records are observed on the frequencies less than 1 Hz.
According to the results of processing, the observable blasts in Zhytomyr region and adjacent areas can be classified as 4–6 energy classes.
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An approach for 3D visualization of GPR data
More LessSummaryGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is used to acquire data from near-surface depth for archeological, infrastructural, etc. researches and applications. Acquired GPR data allow users to visualize and interpret the underground structures with high accuracy. Usage of the suitable approach for 3D visualization will increase the accuracy of visualization and interpretation of underground structures. In order to contribute to this problem, following approach is proposed. Firstly, the incomplete or missing data are recovered using interpolation techniques. Secondly, the GPR data corresponding to the underground structures or anomalies are extracted and placed in a 3D cube. Finally, the extracted GPR data are visualized in 3D environment. By inspecting the 3D model of underground structures from different angles users can interpret anomalies with high accuracy. The proposed approach was implemented on the real GPR data acquired from the test area. The results showed that created 3D models of the underground structures are very close to real model.
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Interpolation Techniques to Recover Incomplete GPR Data
More LessSummaryGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is widely used to acquire the data from near surface depth. Acquired GPR data allow the users to investigate the underground structures (anomalies) easily, quickly and with high accuracy without any excavation. The obtained accuracy depends on the completeness of acquired GPR data. Due to some facts such as uneven surface, the presence of archaeological and other obstacles, etc., the data acquired from the search area may become incomplete and inadequate. Before analyzing, visualization and interpretation of the underground structures, the incomplete GPR data should be recovered. In this paper, two nonstandard interpolation techniques are proposed for completing the missing data. The proposed methods were implemented on the real GPR data acquired from the test area. The obtained results showed that the similarity of the produced data to the original data is close to 99.98 %.
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The inverse linear problem for large scale magnetic survey
Authors P.A. Minenko, R.V. Minenko, I.V. Plishko and U.P. MechnikovSummaryA large-scale magnetic survey in 20×10 m grid nodes was carried out in a number of small iron ore deposits near the city of Krivoi Rog in the 1980s. The ore mining in the southern part of the Petrovsky deposit was started in 1973, and today it producted at depths of 100–110 m. Today detailed geological exploration work is carried out by drilling wells up to 300 m deep on several profiles. The ore deposit is very heterogeneous in iron content and is permeated with vein intrusions of granites. It was necessary to determine the most promising direction of further extraction. There was a need for a new interpretation of the magnetic survey data by more progressive methods with the separation of the ore body on horizontal layers 40–60 m thick. And the layers themselves must be divided into 25×25 m blocks. Today, it is possible to obtain stable solutions of inverse problems with the same parameters and the same dimension. But there are some difficulties. As is known, inverse problems of magnetometry are strongly uncorrect, in particular, because in many cases they give equivalent solutions and do not provide real information about geological structures. And on the other hand, on theoretical and real examples it is established that iterative methods in solutions of inverse problems for each block of the model give stable and geologically meaningful parameters. An iterative optimization method with a criterion for minimizing the sum of the squares of the corrections to the magnetization will give its most accurate distribution when the mean square error of the field will the smallest. This statement is used to detail the results of large-scale magnetic surveys.
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Interpolation of Berezkin functions to obtain the specific points for the gravity anomalies
More LessSummaryPurpose. Among the methods of interpretation of gravity data for 2D bounded and unbounded bodies there are Berezkin method for finding of singular points of harmonic functions, which represent gravity field models. To calculate the singular points there are developed a number of analytical and numerical methods. In the basis of such definition there is laid an analytic continuation of given harmonic function in a semi-infinite strip. In turn, one of the methods of this continuation there is the sum of basic solutions of Laplace equation by the some additional restrictions. This method reduces the problem of analytic continuation of gravity field function in the strip to the problem for determining the coefficients of expansion of the Fourier function. The report justifies a new way of determining the mentioned Fourier coefficients.
Design / methodology / approach. In order to find a singular points by a given gravity field distribution, one have to calculate a special Berezkin function as the ratio of gradients field and to find its maximums. This is not always the true case because the numerator and denominator of the function increase within the infinity at different speeds. This is proven by the results of numerical modeling for single gravity anomalies
Findings. The proof of Berezkin method is very complicated in the general formulation (with no restrictions on the parameters of singular points). So it is numerically simulated some cases for multiple locations of singular point sources caused by horizontal material lines (i.e. endless circular cylinders). They are located at different levels from the Earth’s surface, with varying intensity of gravity fields. For these models there are calculated the maximums of Berezkin function.
Practical value / implications. On the accuracy of Berezkin function calculations there depend on the order of decreasing rate of the Fourier series coefficients. So, there is derived a new interpolating polynomial and an order of values of its coefficients is estimated. It is specified, that the coefficients an decrease with the velocity of n-2, while the coefficients bn of the series do this with the velocity of n-1, if the Berezkin function does not satisfy the additional conditions.
We found the best way to interpolate the grid function under the additional condition of vanishing Berezkin function at the ends of the calculations interval. By the results of a detailed harmonic analysis of interpolation polynomials there are obtained the expressions for analytical continuation of gravity field. Berezkin functions were received by these expressions differentiation. Herewith it is a loss of computing accuracy due to Gibbs fluctuations at the ends of the interval of differential polynomial.
In order to partially reduce the impact of these fluctuations, the procedure applied for smoothing Berezkin function using the Lanczos σ-factors. Taking into account the given procedure, it is proposed the optimized expressions for calculating of the compounds of the Berezkin function – the modulus of the gravity gradient and the norm of this gradient at a fixed level.
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Tectonic stresses in the area of Solotvyno deep, Eastern Carpathians, from focal mechanisms of local earthquakes
Authors D.V. Malytskyy, O.O. Obidina, A.R. Gnyp, A.Y. Pavlova and O.D. GrytsaiSummaryIn the paper, the results are presented of determining the tectonic stresses in the area of Solotvyno deep, located in the Eastern Carpathians, from focal mechanisms of local earthquakes using a method of Vavrychuk (version of Michael’s method). From 79 recurrent earthquakes which occurred near the city of Tyachiv during a period from 19.07.2015 to 06.08.2015 and listed in the local seismological bulletin only the largest 30 (with MSH between 1.0 and 3.5) were selected, with most reliable polarities of first arrivals. Focal mechanism solutions were determined by graphic method from polarities of first P-waves at the stations, angles of emergence and station azimuths. An important result consisted in the same type of almost all mechanisms (normal faulting). Since principal stresses determined from focal mechanisms could only be accurate when which of the nodal planes corresponded to real fault was known a method of Vavrychuk was used in the work, removing the ambiguity by introducing a fault instability constraint. Directions of principal stresses determined from focal mechanisms appeared to concur well with data of other authors obtained based on alternative (tectonophysical) approaches.
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Taking into account the directional diagrams of seismic radiation from the earthquake source during seismic microzoning of construction sites
Authors O.V. Aleksieienko and O.V. KendzeraSummaryThe paper presents the technique of using seismic directional diagrams in the calculation of seismic hazard for construction sites. The study made using as an example the impact of the Vrancea zone to construction sites in Kiev. Also it talks about the theoretical possible mechanisms of earthquakes, including the earthquake mechanisms that prevail in the Vrancea area. Analises the influence of the main characteristics of the mechanisms of earthquake foci in the Vrancea area and effects that may occur in Kyiv. Discusses aspects that are unaccounted in modern building codes of Ukraine, about the influence of directional diagrams of seismic energy from the earthquake foci on site. There is an equation which can be used to make calculations of directional seismic diagrams. Points the necessity of performing such calculations to improve the accuracy of the results of the seismic zoning thanks to what appears an opportunity to improve the ratio “price – quality” for earthquake-proof constructing.
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Influence of the reservoir pressure on the void space structure of Semyrenkivska area reservoir rocks
Authors A. Shynkarenko, I. Bezrodna and S. VyzhvaSummaryResults of petrophysical studies of core samples from Semyrenkivska area wells are presented. Variable pressure influence on the pores volume and distribution in the reservoir rocks was determined both qualitatively and quantitatively. Amounts of total, intergranular, fracture, vugular and secondary porosity were estimated. Linear relationship between the pores volume under reservoir and atmospheric conditions was established. Dependence of different porosity types on pressure was approximated by the power functions. Presented relationships can be used for the productive horizons of Semyrenkivska area or adjoining territories with similar petrophysical and other properties. These relationships with determined validity coefficient can be used to determine changes of the reservoir properties of rocks during the field exploitation on the basis of core laboratory studies.
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Concentration of contrast borders of different-scale satellite images and their interconnection with geological objects
Authors B.S. Busygin, S.L. Nikulin and O.V. KorobkoSummaryThe closeness of interconnection between concentration of contrast boundaries of different-scale satellite images and spatial distribution of geological objects (including epicenters of earthquakes and centers of gold ore deposits) is quantitatively assessed. It is shown that there is a certain scale at which the tightness of interconnections is maximal. Identification of such a scale is an important part of satellite images contrast boundaries analysis.
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Evaluation of yield forecast indicators of agricultural crops using aerospace imagery
Authors B.S. Busygin, I.M. Garkusha and K.L. SergieievaSummaryA methodology for construction models of crop yield evaluation using a set of different-time aerospace survey data is proposed. Forecasting is carried out on the basis of constructing linear and nonlinear pair and multiple regression dependences of the yield indicators on spectral characteristics of vegetation and soil – vegetation indices. A peculiarity of the methodology is creation of predictive models for homogeneous subsamples of reference agricultural lands, preliminary formed using Data Mining methods. The use of homogeneous subsamples improves forecast accuracy on average by 5–11 %. Information models are constructed based on the proposed methodology. They made it possible to predict the yield of agricultural lands in the Myronivsky district of the Kyiv region (Ukraine) with accuracy up to 4 % according to 2013 data.
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Disjunctive criteria for the distinguishing the prospective hydrocarbon-bearing areas using remote sensing methods
By O.T. AzimovSummaryThe report highlights the problems of the identification of anomalies with the disjunctive dislocations and related zones of crustal heterogeneities into the outer components of the existing landscape (geoindicators) revealed by means of remote sensing data (RSD).
On the theoretical and literature sources grounds as well as using the example of the Central Transverse Segment of the Dnieper-Donets Depression (DDD) it has been shown that the disjunctive criteria played the key role in the following processes: sedimentation, folding, geo-fluid dynamics, formation of the reservoirs in the rocks (sometimes in basement rocks). The geotectonic development characteristics for the disjunctive dislocation over the stages of geological time, which are characterized by the most intensive sedimentation, are apparently responsible for the consistent patterns of spatial distribution of facies of proper deposits within their levels of terrace steps, as well as the occurrence of local structures and, thus, they are substantially stipulated the laws in the localization of prospecting oil-gas accumulation zones.
The results of study suggest that the great oil and gas prospecting interest is connected with the places of intersections (nodes) of the zone of multi-directional disjunctive dislocations mainly lateral and transverse ones relative to the spreading of region. The node localities of the multidirectional disjunctions can be considered as the prospecting hydrocarbon traps favorable for the oil exploration as a result of intensive development of geo-fluid dynamic processes in the crust, especially, at the newest stage of tectonic genesis taking account of their geo-indication manifestation. It is they, which are attracted for both the known oil and gas fields in the DDD and prospecting local structures distinguishing by geological-geophysical studies and which are potentially productive according to the thematic interpretation of RSD.
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Use of the satellite images to develop the geoinformation system for monitoring air basin state of the Mariupol industrial hub
Authors A. Ya. Bunina, O.T. Azimov and Ye. M. DorofeySummarySpatial distribution for smokes from the chimneys of the largest industrial enterprises of Mariupol is analyzed for 2005–2016. As a result the regions of continuous and periodical pollution of atmospheric air by industrial facilities are defined and mapped. These regions cover the areas both sited adjacent to the industrial enterprises and settlement zones, where the urban population lives.
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Application of geoinformation approach to the study of secondary migration of the pollutants from the industrial pollution sources
Authors A. Ya. Bunina, O.T. Azimov and Ye.M. DorofeySummaryTo investigate the motion of matter in the natural surroundings the geomorphological analysis of landscape of the Mariupol urban area and the adjacent ones are performed. On a basis of topographical data and digital elevation model developed using the remote sensing of the Earth the landscape-geomorphological zoning relative to the migration of chemical elements has been performed. The main localities of the matter accumulation within the city are the river valleys of Kal’mius and Kal’chyk.
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The remote diagnosis of organic carbon content in Polissya transitional zone soils of Ukraine by using the multispectral images Sentinel-2
Authors V.I. Zatserkovnyi, P.I. Trofymenko, O.V. Zubova, N.V. Trofimenko and I.V. KarasSummaryPurpose. The purpose is the algorithm development of remote sensing methods applying and establishing the organic carbon content in semi-hydromorphic soils of the Polesye transitional zone. It has provided by the relationship determination between the energy parameters of multispectral images and it’s content in the investigated soils.
Method. Experimental studies have been conducted with the use of soils field and laboratory tests with their content of organic carbon (C) determination, followed by the statistical processing of the results of their geoinformation analysis and presentation in the map-charts.
Findings. The functional correlation between the organic matter content in response to the reflectance of multispectral pictures p and vegetation indices was provided. In spotted soil environment of the investigated territory the map-chart of organic carbon content has developed for the Polissya transition zone soils of Ukraine.
It has established that the correlation coefficients between the content of organic matter carbon of above-mentioned semi-hydromorphic podzolic soils and vegetation index NDVI, SAVI, MSAVI are high and are respectively r = 0,87.
Practical value. The practical importance is to design of remote sensing technology for the soils organic matter content, by using publicly available satellite imagery and the free distribution software (QGIS). The applying of the identified sensing technology will significantly reduce the cost of human and material resources for remote identification of organic matter contents in the soils.
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Approaches to increase spatial resolution of remote sensing materials
Authors E. Uglitskih and V. ZacerkovniySummaryOne of the main unsolved problems in the use of aerospace images is the problem of developing new, more effective methods and software tools for automated interpretation of this data. With the modern processing of space images, there can be often a problem of interpreting small objects in the desired territory or increasing the accuracy of research. However, not all images have a good spatial resolution or are difficult to access. This problem can solved by methods for improving the spatial resolution of space images by using subpixel technology.
The purpose of the scientific article is the development and analysis of existing methods to increase the spatial resolution of space images, as well as the selection of the most appropriate and accurate for use in modern research.
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Development of website of geological maps of Ukraine
Authors Y. Khomych, B. Zanoz, I. Virshylo and V. DemidovSummaryCreating a website very important, and necessary for the systematization of a base of paper geological maps. During development authors rely upon existing Ukrainian and foreign websites, such as Geoinform of Ukraine, USGS, and website of Norwegian petroleum directorate. Each of the sites has a particular impact on our project. Chief among them are Cross-browser compatibility, convenience sitemap, and optimization of the website. During development taken into account all previously indicated factors, and apply modern instruments of web development.
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Geological tourism and Web GIS: an innovative approach to the preservation and promotion of geological landmarks
By P. BerezinaSummaryThe article discusses geological landmarks and issues related to their preservation and popularization. Local and international practice shows the need for innovative practices in this developing sector. Geological tourism has a potential to improve socio-economic situation of local communities, as well as to preserve natural heritage and promote geosciences. As of this day, there are no means to draw public attention to Ukrainian geoheritage and geotourism, which makes this work highly relevant. Web GIS will allow users to obtain necessary spatial information online and in a visually appealing manner. Thereby, users get indirectly involved in geological tourism. However, another aim of this work is to further encourage active tourism. Research objectives include collecting information on geoheritage in Ukrainian regions, classifying geological landmarks, designing and populating a database, developing a concept and a working prototype of a Web GIS. Overall, the work discusses concepts in geological tourism, such as geoheritage, geoparks and classification of geological landmarks. The main part introduces a concept of Web GIS in geotourism industry and methodology to develop such a platform. It is expected that this Web GIS platform will systematize information about geological landmarks, in addition to encouraging geological tourism and geoconservation.
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GIS for the nature reserve fund in example of Chernihiv region
Authors O.I. Pylypenko, V.I. Zatserkovniyi and N.V. OberemokSummaryIn the article the main approaches to the use of geographic information systems and technology to create a GIS database for the nature reserve fund.
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Automated morphometric analysis and its application to tectonic zonation
Authors I.E Lomakin, V.V Pokalyuk, Y.N Shuraiev and S. ShpyrkoSummaryLarge scale linear structures of the topography, clearly seen by aerial and satellite imagery and commonly referred to as lineaments, attract close attention for more than a century, and their relation with the subsurface structure is recognized and widely investigated. The lineament analysis techniques can be a method for express assessment of the tectonic structure including primary tectonic zonation of the terrain. A simple method for such analysis includes manual or semi-automated processing of DEM (digital elevation models) derived from satellite images, extracting lineament structures and statistical analysis of their orientations. It is shown, that such rose diagrams display common features for different tectonic situations with dominant lineament directions along regmatic network, but the differences of the diagrams can be a tool for primary geomorphological snap analysis of the terrain, such zonation closely matching the differences in actual tectonic setting.
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The search optimal route and the viewshed analysis based on digital elevation models in open source GIS
Authors V.K. Demidov, O.I. Pyvovar and Y.G. KravchenkoSummaryThe geoportal in this work is realized with tools for constructing optimal path for the two points and viewshed Based on the recieved route. This portal was realized in Python with using web framework Django. Digital relief model srtm was used to work with digital models of the Earth.
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Analysis on potential oil and gas area Ayoluengo (northern Spain)
Authors I. Virshylo, Y. Khomych, Y. Pastushchak, P. Tkachenko, D. Koval and A. VitrikSummaryA study of potential oil and gas opportunities and highlight potential sites Ayoluengo field, located in northern Spain was provided. In the result 6 plays and 5 potential prospects were identified. There were also evaluated the risks and chances of success for the development of these fields.
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Paleomagnetic data, Vendian’s part: paleomagnetic studies of ediacarian trapps from Volhynia region
Authors M.O. Baryshnikova, V.G. Bakhmutov and E.B. PoliachenkoSummaryFor several decades one of the most important problems of modern geology is determination of the duration and intensity of the formation of continental magmatic provinces (CMP). The powerful lava’s covers was used for the exploration of dynamic CMP formation, which are informative for paleotectonic reconstructions. On the territory of Ukraine they are represented by the formations of Volhynia Trapp Province.
This work shows the results of palaeomagnetic explorations samples from third’s flow of the trapps formation of Volhynia region. The characteristic component of the magnetization of the forward and reverse polarity was identified. This data helped to find coordinates of paleomagnetics poles for 580–561 Ma. Due to the received data, the location of the Baltic in the period 750–500 million years ago which was the part of mega-blocks was reconstructed and the behavior of the last was reconstructed as well
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Creation of velocity model of north-western part of the Black sea shelf based on check-shot and seismic data
Authors O. Loshakov, A. Tyschenko, Y. Bilous, N. Rusachenko and L. PodolyakoSummaryIn this article the main geological and stratigraphie features of north-western part of the black sea shelf are described. The peculiarities of creating regional velocity model based on seismic well logging, CDP and DSS have been studied. In this case features of data processing of all mentioned methods are given; methodologies of calculation of all necessary parameters for characteristic velocity properties of the Earth’s crust are described. Results of 1D velocity models creation along wells based on check-shot and seismic data are given. Velocities of stratigraphic horizons that were defined with the created models are filled.
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Analysis of the factors of amberbearing strata based on geoinformatical approach (on “Oleksiivka” amber deposit))
Authors D.M. Koval and O.M. IvanikSummaryApplication of GIS analysis and modeling offers opportunities for paleoreconstruction of geological conditions and recovet the data about evolution of different structural regions. Specific tools developed for analysis and modeling of terrain, promotes the development and creation of adequate models of modern and ancient DEM. This allows us to recognise patterns of formation of mineral deposits and factors of localization and accumulation of mineral components. Based on a comprehensive analysis, factors of amber sedimentation sequences and studied paleogeographic conditions of formation and geological structure of “Alekseevka” amber deposit of Pripyatsky amberbearing basin in Klesivsko-Rokytnenskiy amberbearing area were studied in this article.
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Paleotectonic reconstruction of the East European Craton in the Proterozoic (according to paleomagnetic data)
Authors S.I. Cherkes, V.G. Bakhmutov and I.B. PoliachenkoSummaryFor the Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Korsun-Novomirgorodsky pluton (anorthosites and gabbro-anorthosites), Novoukrainsky and Korsun-Shevchenkovsky massifs (rapakivi granites) which are part of the Ingul megablock, new laboratory determinations of paleomagnetic parameters were carried out. Based on the data obtained within the Ingul megablock, the positions of the averaged paleomagnetic poles were calculated for 1750 Ma (the pole coordinates are Ф = 22.5°, Л = 167.3°, dp/dm = 4.0°/7.7°) and 1770 Ma (Ф = -3.6°, Λ = 156.3°, dp/dm = 3.3°/5.3°), as well as the paleomagnetic pole for 2037.4±0.6 Ma (Ф = 43.5°, Λ = 141.6°). The obtained poles are in good agreement with those obtained earlier for the coeval complexes of the Northwest megablock ( Elming et al., 2001 ). Based on the available paleomagnetic poles, the kinematic parameters (latitudinal drift velocity and rotation speed of the blocks) for the Ukrainian Shield (Ingul and Northwestern megablocks) and Fennoscandia ( Elming et al., 2001 ) were calculated, and paleotectonic reconstructions of the relative position of these megablocks in the time interval of 1770–1750 Ma.
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Quantitative Sedimentary Simulation of Braided Delta Of Oligocene Huagang Formation in Xihu Depression, East China Sea
Authors X.F. Lyu, Ch.M. Dong, Ch.Y. Lin, Ch. Jing and Q. ZhangSummaryOligocene Huagang Formation of Xihu Depression in the East China Sea found to be a thick lacustrine braided delta deposit and good low-permeability gas reservoir. Due to the study area located in deep water, with few wells drilled and limited and poor quality seismic data, its sedimentary distribution and reservoir distribution remain unclear. For this reason, we for the first time to conduct numerical sedimentary simulations to define the main controlling factors and to reconstruct its sedimentary processes with seismic data interpretation, well logging analysis and core description etc. The results indicate that the main controlling factors of this braided delta deposit in Oligocene Xihu Depression include its ancient landform before the sedimentary processes, sediment supply, source location, and lacustrine level changes. The result shows that in the early stage, braided delta front dominant on both slopes contributing as good reservoir. In the late stage, with sediment supply was abundant and the lacustrine depression shrinking with time, more braided delta plains were developing. This study provides anther evidence for good reservoir location as well as a novel insight into its future hydrocarbon exploration and development.
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Analysis of acoustic and elastic anisotropy of spherical waves of metamorphic rocks from Pishchanska iron ore structure
Authors D.A. Bezrodnyi and V.V. SvystovSummaryThe parameters of acoustic and elastic anisotropy are determined and the anisotropy of spherical elastic waves of pyroxene-magnetite rocks Peschansky structure (that is confined to the southeastern Bug mega-block of the Ukrainian Shield (45.4 – 323.8 m, the well №3 ))are calculated. Changes of elastic parameters are analyzed. The acoustic tensor and the matrix of elastic constants are calculated. The symmetry of acoustic and elastic tensors is determined. The stereographic projections of anisotropy parameters pointing surfaces of spherical elastic waves are composed
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Petrophysical analysis and estimation of void space structure of moscovian stage, West Shebelynska area rocks
Authors I.M. Bezrodna and V.V. AntoniukSummaryThe report presents the analysis of petrophysical properties and the estimation of void space structure based on the results of petrophysical studies for rock samples of the moscovian stage, middle Carboniferous, Western Shebelynska area (depth interval 4929–5380 m). There is made a statistical analysis and samples of sandstones discrimination based on the results of porosity, permeability, electrical and acoustic properties examination. Moreover, there are examined correlations between the studied parameters. The present study uses the state of the art methodology for void space structure examination. The latter allows to invert petroacoustic data into the void space structure. There are made calculations of the presence of various types of pores in the overall porosity. Reservoir rocks being determined during petrophysical analysis, are claimed to belong principally to fracture-granular type.
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Research on the landslide area of gas pipeline Pasichna-Dolina by metods VES and VES-IP
Authors Y. Popko and D. BezrodnyySummaryAs a result of illegal deforestation and construction in mountainous areas formed a favorable conditions for the formation of landslides.
In this work presented the results of research on the landslide area of gas pipeline Pasichna-Dolina in the Bitkyv village, Ivano-Frankivsk region by complex of engineering geophysical methods which include the main methods of VES and VES-IP (induced polarization). According to the data marked the body of landslide, area with increased stress state of soils and marked the area of cracks.
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Prediction of karst cave-in processes at the Solotvyno rock salt deposit applying geophysical methods
Authors S. Bagriy, E. Kuzmenko and A. MotkalykSummaryThe paper introduces a complex of geophysical methods for determining unstable zones associated with karst development within the Solotvyno rock salt deposit. Interpretation results are presented on the grounds of complex calculation using the integrated parameter – complex index function (CIF) that is consistent with the probability criterion of the karst development.
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Verification of predicted values of mudflow activity in prognostic modeling of mudflow hazard
Authors V.M. Podholov and T.B. ChepurnaSummaryPrediction of mudflow processes is the part of integral forecasting system of exogenous geological processes. Modern predictive GIS model of mudflow danger involve extrapolation of mudflow activity through multiple functional dependence of time impacts. According to the preliminary estimates [ 1 ] years of following mudflow intensification are years of time-period 2018–2020, thus next two years. The question arose of refining and optimizing of the forecast due to the addition of series temporal dynamics of new information. The purpose of these studies is the verification of the predicted values for the previous time period and refinement of extrapolated for the future.
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Analysis of interpolation methods for the generation of digital elevation models
By N.V. RulSummaryIn recent years, digital elevation data are becoming more open. Their use is associated with modern computer technology and GIS enable analysis of various natural phenomena.
The paper demonstrated interpolation methods for building digital elevation models. Considered existing models and methods of construction digital elevation models (DEM) for the purpose of comparative analysis based on the integration of open, public sources of information. Provided approaches of digital elevation models and considered information support for their creation.
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Application of GIS and Remote Sensing for Flooding process analysis
Authors O.I. Shyshenko, V.I. Zacerkovniy and M.D. BogoslavskySummaryThe article describes the main problems associated with flooding areas. The ways to prevent and eliminate these break. Proposed use of GIS technology and Earth Remote Sensing (ERS) in the fight against flooding, which can improve the quality monitoring of territories, save time and money.
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Modeling of parameters and optimization of transport networks with the help GIS
Authors O.V. Kobrin, I.V. Tishayev and V.I. ZatserkovnyiSummaryWe consider the geometric network as an integral part of the city transport network, the use of three-dimensional modeling. And provides examples of effective ways to optimize the transport networks, namely traffic flow.
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Analysis of the activation of dangerous exogenous geological processes in Ukraine
Authors J.S. Bondar and V.I. ZacerkovnyjSummaryEvaluation of engineering geological condition of areas with intensive development of dangerous geological processes and the impact of anthropogenic factors that determine the degree of damage and the area of distribution processes is an essential aspect of ensuring the proper functioning of the economic sector and of the population. Evaluation results of engineering-geological condition areas are the basis for recommendations to minimize possible effects of aktyvizattion exogenous geological processes and enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of management decisions.
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