1887
  1. Home
  2. Conferences
  3. Conference Proceedings
  4. Conferences

17th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects

  • Conference date: May 14-17, 2018
  • Location: Kiev, Ukraine
  • Published: 14 May 2018

61 - 80 of 125 results

    • The Convolution Neural Network for automatic objects detection in Earth satellite imagery

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801809
      Summary

      Today, the population maps, based on an accurate built-up vector, are highly valuable products on the GIS market. A large amount of the data is the reason for investigating the way of the automatic objects detection on the satellite imagery. The automatic detection can be made by means of the local statistics calculations on the high resolution imagery. This technique emphasizes the textural features of the buildings. It is a rapid and invariant according to the object’s direction and image brightness. But it has a tendency to label objects with similar texture as buildings. In this case study, a two-stage objects detection approach is presented. The Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is a backend for a lot of the computer vision systems for detection and segmentation of objects on the imagery. In this work it was applied to the pre-allocated buildings. The main CNN parameters and estimation methods are considered background for the designing qualitative classification model. The proposed technology was tested on the scattered buildings within the area of interest in the South-East Asia.

    • Geological efficiency assessment of detailed aerospace geological research: a case study of the Northern edge of the Dnieper-Donets Depression

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801810
      Summary

      The analysis of geological efficiency for the detailed studies using remote sensing data is performed within the Northern edge of the Dnieper-Donets Depression, where these studies were carrying out for 11 years. The results point at the essential confirmation factor of the predicted local structures revealed by means of detailed data collected through aerospace geological studies. In particular, detailed seismic exploration method of common depth point substantiates 40 objects from 55 ones, which are equated to the local positive structures for the upper crystalline basement and lower sedimentary stratum (a confirmation factor is 0.73). This proves the forcible geological informativity and remote sensing method efficiency in the frame of geological exploration survey as well as generally the high level of scientific substantiation of the applicable methodology for the update of tectonic structure features of region and discovery of potentially oil-gas bearing sites within the boundaries of this region.

    • Remote diagnostics of grain straw yield based on soil areal scenarios

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801811
      Summary

      The research results of the algorithm development for remote diagnostics of the terrestrial winter wheat yield of main and by-products based on soil areal scenarious are presented in this paper. The works were carried out in the difficult soil cover conditions of the Ukrainian Polissya and aimed at the field stage minimizing of remote research.

      During the research on the basis of the irregular network of sensing points, it was found that from all calculated indexes the most informative for diagnosing the winter wheat productivity in the full maturity phase were NDSI and NDSVI, as well as albedo of 1, 6, 9, 11 and 12 Sentinel-2A satellite bands. Was found that in the case of soils range expanding, on which crop samples are selected, the diagnostic role of complex indices is slightly mitigated. In contrast, the values of ρTOA albedo of 11 and 12 bands are suitable for regression models constructing with satisfactory accuracy (0.41 ≤ r≤0.64). It was identified that separately from the soil scenario, the number of winter wheat productive ears was diagnosed in the best way using the values of the ρTOA albedo 9 band (0.49 ≤ r≤0.79). In the case of extending the range of soils, there is a slight decrease in the values of correlation coefficients and insignificant loss of predictive models accuracy of straw diagnosis — up to 3.2% (0.191 ton/ha). The total weight of straw within the studied area was 1333.97 ton (5.97 ton/ha).

    • The use of remote sensing for updating maps of large scale

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801815
      Summary

      Space remote sensing data have become a real geospatial Foundation for building the most complex GIS tasks management, administration, accounting and management, the creation of inventories and updating of topographic base. It is obvious that further development of the economy of both the country and any region are directly linked to the availability of accurate and reliable information about what the area represents, what was happening to her, how to dispose of its natural, human and other resources. And one of these key technologies should become the space industry, in which Ukraine has traditionally strong positions. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of modern satellite imagery to provide reliable information during the exploration of a certain territory.

    • Geologic-geomorphological factors and classification of gravitational processes within Middle Dnieper area of Ukraine

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801819
      Summary

      The present gravitational exogenous processes occurring on the hill slopes with different genesis and morphology, have the most considerable impact on the infrastructure objects. The landslide processes of the Middle Dnieper area are differentiated as to the factors of their formation and structure of landslide bodies due to varying lithology, stratigraphy, tectonics and hydrogeological conditions. The landslides within this region are examples of structural landslides, generated in a quasi homogeneous environment with multilayered deposits. A database of landslides propagation in Kiev district is developed and major factors for their formation are determined. Principal approaches to the local modelling of landslide hazards are designed. The most efficient method of local forecasting of landslides is determination of the stress-strain state of rock mass with regard to the choice of spatial models, taking into account factors and enabling to proceed from the specifics of the object of research. Detecting landslides, as well as monitoring their activity using integrated techniques carried out in order to provide maps, risk assessment and forecasting of landslide events in Middle-Dnieper area of Ukraine.

    • On the relevance of using a complex combination of NIEMFE and EM methods in forecasting rock deformation

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801820
      Summary

      The article deals with the problem of studying rock deformation, its forecasting and simulation in the forms of folds and faults of the Earth’s surface. The subject of study is Stebnytske potassium salt field in the Subcarpathia and the surrounding territories. A number of methods has been used for the study, namely: investigations of a natural pulse electromagnetic field of Earth (NIEMFE) and the electromagnetic induction logging (EM). The physical background of these methods are in the relation between the level of rock deformation and the intensity of the electromagnetic field (for NIEMFE method), as well as the level of strength reduction caused by increased water saturation of the rock, creation of electrically resistant salt cake (for the EM method). The results of the study are depicted by maps of intensity of NIEMFE and geoelectrical cross sections. The methods correlate in some respects and complement each other by their comprehensiveness: the NIEMFE method helps detect the existent and potential deformational faults, whereas EM method determines their depth. Thus, the combination of the two methods should be deemed to be suitable not only for proving the actual existent deformations and their state but also, due to the factual geodesic data, for forecasting the further folds and faults that often become a reason of emergency situations and accidents.

    • The failed technogenic earthquake of September 30 (29), 2017, in Stebnyk and the natural seimotectonic activity of the area

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801821
      Summary

      The modern seismic activation of the Boryslav — Stebnyk area (2014–2017) was traced, the spatial localization of local earthquake foci is specified. The directions of breaking of ruptures in the foci of the stronger of them are investigated, the lengths of ruptures and other parameters of these foci are estimated. On the results of a join analysis of seismicity and geological-geophysical data it is define, that most of the earthquake foci tend to transverse faults of anticarpatian (northeast) direction (in the zones of their intersection with the Pre-Carpathian deep fault), which cross or limit the oil-bearing structures, some of them tend to the existing here nappes and folds of different depth. Considering the long-term (since the 19th century) active production in the Boryslav area of oil and gas condensate, as well as potash fertilizers in Stebnyk, the local seismicity is evidently partly additionally technogenically provoked (induced). Seismic events in the area of the No. 2 mine of Stebnyk potash deposit are identified as the karst-failure technogenic earthquakes in the mining zone of this mine.

    • Geophysical investigation of man-made pollution of the geological environment

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801822
      Summary

      Solving the problems of studying the geoecological environment requires non-standard approaches to the field work methodology, processing and interpretation of geophysical research materials, the application of new methods and techniques. Therefore, the special technique has been developed for the geophysical mapping of man-made contaminated territories. The proposed technique is based on the principle of the horizon-oriented analysis of the upper part of profile.

      The complex of methods of environmental geophysics most often included: vertical microelectrical sounding (MES), microelectrical profiling, and a variety of surveys such as georadar, oxidationreduction potentials, gas, radium survey, radiometric (gamma and beta), and micromagnetic methods. Consequently, a rational set of geophysical methods depends on the specific natural and man-made conditions and the tasks in hand. Microelectrical soundings are form the mainstay of chosen complex.

      As an example of the successful application of the developed technology based on microelectrical sounding, we would present the results of micro-geophysical investigations on the study of man-made pollution in the Yagotinsky district of the Kyiv region.

    • Forecasting of subsidence of the earth’s surface within the salt deposits areas of Precarpathians by a complex of geophysical and geodetic studies

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801823
      Summary

      The work presents the proof of the efficiency of complex research of the area of exhaust salt deposits by geophysical and surveying methods. As a research site a western part of the Stebnik deposit was selected, and the method of natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the earth (NPEMFE) was considered among geophysical methods. The use of the NPEMFE complex and geodetic surveys seems appropriate in terms of identifying the existing deformations of the earth’s surface and the forecast of their development at the primary stage of assessing the danger of sediments and landslides. The projection of plane anomalies of NPEMFE in the analysis of their gradation according to intensity allows to specify the stage of subsidence of the earth’s surface, including determining the territory before the initial stage, when underground deformations of the rock mass are already occurring, but not yet reflected on the surface. In this sense, the method is predictable. The research presents for the first time a thorough analysis of the dynamic of subsidence during considerable period of the time and a quantitative statistical assessment of the connection with the data of the NPEMFE, which allows not only to constant the fact of a dangerous condition of the geological environment, but to make predictive conclusions about the development of the situation.

    • On the possibility of frequency resonance technology of satellite images processing using for monitoring observations for the activity of the Yellowstone supervolcano

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801824
      Summary

      The results of experimental studies using the frequency-resonance technology of satellite images processing in the territory of the National “Yellowstone Park” (USA) are analyzed. With the purpose of studying the process of activation of volcanic activity, the data of satellite images from Landsat-8 for September 13, 2013, February 12, 2017 and October 10, 2017 were processed. In a large area of work, 13 anomalous geoelectric zones of the “Activation of Volcanic Process (AVP)” type were detected and localized. All of these areas have been allocated during the images frequency resonance processing by detecting an anomalous increase of the intensity of the earth’s natural electric field (NEFE) and an anomalous increase in the concentration of positive ions (charges) in the near-surface atmospheric layer. At the final stage of images processing, obtained 13.09.2013, 02.12.2017 and 10.10.2017, within the park and its surroundings the depths of the prognosis zone of rocks melting were appreciated using the technique of vertical electric-resonance scanning of geologic cross-section. A significant rise of molten rocks is established by scanning in the central parts of anomalous geoelectric zones of the “AVP” type. Analysis of data over a period of time from 2013 to 2017 showed that the most active zone is section No. 2b, located in the region of active geysers. For this plot, a diagram of the rate of magma rise is constructed. If the evaluation of the speed of the magma implementation will be approximately constant, the eruption of the volcano at a given location may be expected in February 2025. Resulting estimate of the date of the eruption can be adjusted up or down during the regular monitoring of the volcanic activity on the “Yellowstone Park” territory.

    • Identification of burial sites of radioactive contaminated materials using geophysical methods

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801825
      Summary

      One of the greatest threat to human life is the radioactive contamination of the environment by manmade and natural radionuclides after accidents and disasters in nuclear industries. For example, after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP) in 1986, the area of radioactive contaminated territories was 10 000 km2. In 1986-1988, in the exclusion zone of the ChNPP, temporary burial of radioactive contaminated materials was carried out without proper engineering site preparation of special repository.

      Meanwhile, these land-buried wastes are sources of radioactive impurity of groundwater, which feed the river Pripyat and its tributaries, so there is a problem of their searches and reburials in specialized permanent repositories. This important task can only be solved with the help of detailed comprehensive geophysical researches.

      The following main tasks are solved via the geophysical methods:

      • contouring of trenches, excavations, dams, pits;
      • searches and exploration of burial repositories, underground structures, burial sites of radioactive contaminated materials.

      The specifics of identification of burial sites of radioactive contaminated materials is to determine the radiometric parameters of radioactive contaminated materials and their enclosing soils and rocks.

    • Ways to improve the groundwater monitoring

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801827
      Summary

      The aim of sustainable development is to meet the human needs in natural resources, while preserving the interests of future generations, requires systematic approach. The implementation of such systematic approach is the creation of international standards and directives. The regulation of quality and quantity of water in the EU is in accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC. The policy of Ukraine aiming to develop Ukraine-EU relations is based on the Law of Ukraine dating from the signing of Ukraine-EU Association Agreement.

      In this study an analysis of the compliance of the Ukraine’s legislative framework in the field of groundwater management with the requirements of similar European documents was conducted; a systematic analysis of the implemented activities in Ukraine on the way to implementation of the European principles of water resources management was carried out; a map of the basin water resources management in accordance with the requirements of the WFD on the basis of the scheme of hydrographic zoning of the Ukrainian territory in 2013 was created.

      In general the purpose, main objectives of the monitoring, its organization by the Water Code of Ukraine are not contrary to the main positions of similar European documents. Actually, their most significant difference from the European ones is that they are mostly declarative. However, in the author’s opinion, the regulation of surface water and groundwater cannot be reduced to a single River Basin Management Plan, because of the lack of correspondence between the boundaries of river basins and aquifers.

    • The link of radon and magnetic anomalies on the territory of Ukraine

      https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201801828
      Summary

      In recent years, more attention is paid to radon hazard, especially in active zones of modern faults. It is known that radon is generated in geodynamically active zones of cover deposits associated with discontinuous in basement rocks. The greatest danger is the areas where such faults are localized in shallow granite.

      In most of the territory of Ukraine, radon is not monitored; there are practically no maps of radon hazard. The existing development of radon protection suffers from the lack of reliable methods for forecasting the radon hazard of territories and buildings. The volume of point studies is very limited. For the reliable prediction of the radon anomalies throughout the territory, it is necessary to attract geological and geophysical materials which characterize tectonic, the material composition of the upper part of the Earth’s crust. The authors proposed to use the regional and local components of the geomagnetic field. The sources of magnetic and radon anomalies are primarily determined by the magnetic and radioactive properties of rocks. The investigation of the Ukrainian shield magmatic rocks magnetic susceptibility and radioactivity showed that rocks with increased radioactivity have weak magnetic properties, i.e. an inverse relationship is established between these parameters. The result obtained shows that radon and uranium anomalies and deposits correlate mainly with negative anomalies of the magnetic field of the regional and local classes and with faults of the northwestern and latitudinal strike, or the nodes of their intersection.

◄ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ►
20 | 50 | 100 per page
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error