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18th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 13-16, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 15 May 2019
41 - 60 of 142 results
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Morphology and peculiarities of formation of coal seams of the lower part of the coal formation of the Lviv-Volyn Basin
Authors M. M Matrofailo and M. D. KorolSummaryThe paper states the results of studies of the formation and morphological features, decomposition in particular, of the Visean υ03 and Serpukhovian υ6 coal seams of the deep horizons of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin. It was detected that accumulation of initial organic matter of the seam υ03 at the Kovel coal-bearing area was dependent on inherited tectonic valley-like lowering of latitudinal stretching. A new type of the peat accumulation characteristic of platform Carboniferous coal-bearing formations located directly on erosional surface of the Pre-Carboniferous formations of different age was established for the basin for the first time. It appears that the coal seam υ6 was formed within the limits of subaerial deltaic plain where the most favourable conditions for accumulation of peat bogs existed in the mouth parts of the delta located on the intermouth spaces among and under the influence of great paleohydrographical systems. The delta-type peat accumulatio n was determined for that seam for the first time.
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The regional thermobaric trap for mantle hydrocarbons in the crystalline crust of the Ukrainian NW Black Sea sector
Authors V. Korchin and O. RusakovSummaryThe deep seismic sounding studies on the northwestern Black Sea shelf have delineated 2 low-velocity zones (LVZs) in the crystalline crust at depths of 6–16 km. For the first time, a novel thermobaric mechanism is developed for their formation in this area. The LVZs are mainly associated with the thermal decompaction of rocks that is not compensated by geostatic pressure. The rocks of such zones are characterized by an increase in fracturing and porosity and decrease in density, elastic parameters and thermal conductivity. As the rocks are permeable and hygroscopic they are able to more freely pass, absorb and localize deep hydrocarbon-bearing fluids which, in turn, further destroy the integrity of the crystalline crust. The occurrence of hydrocarbons within the LVZs is corroborated by the occurrence of about 3000 active gas seeps and 8 gas and gas condensate fields in this area. The LVZs are first revealed to be spatially and genetically related to a mantle degass ing tube with which hydrocarbon fields are associated. They can be recommended as perspective target for the prospect and exploration of commercial hydrocarbon accumulations. This substantially allows us to expand the hydrocarbon budget of the NW shelf in using modern sophisticated drilling technology.
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Gas pipeline surface subsidence dynamics within Kalush-Golyn salt deposit
Authors U. O. Dzoba, K. O. Burak, E. D. Kuzmenko, S. M. Bagriy, V. V. Kostiv and M. Y. HrynishakSummaryThe territory subsidence problem within the worked out mine field Khotin Kalush-Golyn potassium salt deposit is given in the paper. Methods of research -high-precision geodetic leveling and radar interferometry. According to the geodetic observations interpretation results a predicted subsidence trough was obtained. The presence of a subsidence fading stage of a spent mining mass within the Khotin mine, where the gas pipeline is located, has been confirmed. An estimation of longitudinal stresses from the main gas pipeline bending has been carried out by analyzing the spatial curvature radii.
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Method of seismic events hypocenters relocation for central Ukraine
More LessSummaryThe technique of seismic events hypocenters relocation for central Ukraine (particularly for the Middle Southern Bug subregion (so called Pobuzhzhya)) based on the calculated local seismological travel-time tables is presented. For this on the results of the analysis of lithosphere velocity structure of studied subregion, including on the regional DSS sections, a “balanced” averaged horizontally-layered velocity model of the upper lithosphere (the crust and upper mantle – depth 0–60 km) was built. On the basis of this model, a “family” of calculated local seismological travel-time tables (called by us Pobuzhskyy (Pb″)) of the first arrivals of seismic waves for different depths of foci was built. In this case, the “fastest” wave propagation rays for different depths of foci and epicentral distances of up to 500 km as well as corrections for the Earth's sphericity were determined and taken into account. The calculated travel-time tables are used for the refinemen of hypocenter of local seismic events (earthquakes, explosions in quarries and mines, etc.). The efficiency of the constructed travel-time tables is estimated in comparison with the Jeffreys “standard” averaged local travel-time tables used to date for this subregion.
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Metadata of the geophysical data sources in the Czech Republic: Case study in the IGN
Authors Z. Kaláb, D. Čápová, O. Moravcová and L. KondrováSummaryGeophysical data are used in many sectors of human activity but so far have only been discoverable and accessible in a limited way within the frame of international scientific networks. By approving the INSPIRE directive (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe), the EU member states have committed themselves to provide access to digital geoscientific spatial data with a unified metadata description (see http://inspire. ec. europa. eu/). Therefore, an individual topic has been set up within the CzechGeo/EPOS project to enable the provision of geophysical data in the Czech Republic.
In the first phase, an inventory of the geophysical data resources maintained by eight institutions of the CzechGeo consortium has been created. All types of data and information were taken into account: structured and unstructured digital data, paper documents, primary documentation. The relevant data resources were subsequently described by structured metadata (according to the INSPIRE requirements) which is accessible through the Czech National INSPIRE Geoportal (https://geoportal. gov. cz/) . Each metadata record contains basic information about the data as well as information about possible ways of accessing this data.
In this way, geophysical data are more visible, reusable across institutions and, at the same time, under control of their provider in terms of licensing and updates.
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Mapping of landscape roughness in Carpathian region
Authors A. E. Khil, Yu. I. Velikodsky, V. I. Zatserkovnyi and V. A. YaroshynskyiSummaryThe work is devoted to the quantitative calculation of surface roughness on the basis of SRTM digital elevation models (DEMs) using Python programming language. We used three methods for calculating the surface roughness: standard deviation of elevation, median differential slope and standard deviation of differential slope. We compare the effectiveness of the last two methods for baselines 2 and 8 pixels, the distance between the points 60 and 240 m, respectively. The results of the research are maps of roughness of the Earth's surface on different scales.
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Geometric deformation of the Earth's lithosphere figure and its dynamic interpretation
Authors O. M. Shylo, Ye. O. Shylo, A. L. Tserklevych and I. M. BubniakSUMMARYThe planetary dynamics of secular changes of the Earth's shape that is determined on the base of approximation of the lithosphere surface heights that are changing during geological epochs by biaxial and triaxial ellipsoids are investigate in the dissertation. The computer modeling of lithosphere surface heights (DEMs) for different geological epochs was made on the basis of two geopaleoreconstructions models. The performed investigations of the Earth's lithosphere figure reorientation as a result of dynamic mass redistribution allow revealing certain regularities of structure-forming processes.
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Black sea level change monitoring using altimetry data and geo-information technologies
Authors V. I. Zatserkovnny, Y. V. Babych, V. Yu. Belenok, G. A. Frolov and L. V. Hebryn-BaydiSUMMARYThe article examines the experience and possibilities of using Earth remote sensing and Geo-information Technologies (GIT) for the study of the change in the average level of the Black Sea in order to study the general tendencies of sea level elevation and the possibility of preventing the negative effects of the local increase in the level of the sea surface in the future. The methods of information processing used in the analysis of satellite altimetry data using GIT are formulated. Black Sea surface level anomalies is examined in merged all satellite altimetry missions data from 2008 to 2018.
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Porosity structure prediction from conventional sonic well logs on the base of synthetic samples computed by Prodaivoda-Maslov's method
More LessSUMMARYThe paper aims demonstration of the ML applicability to the problem of rock porosity structure studying by the combination of sonic and density well logs. The experimentally estimated efficiency of popular ML methods for the problem is discussed. In the test we used artificial samples of randomly generated structure with the well log parameters computed by Prodaivoda-Maslov's method of the direct problem solving.
Among the many known algorithms of ML, we selected for the study several ones which are popular and supported by standard Python libraries K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LRM), a feed forward artificial neural network Multilayer Perceptron (in both the classification form MLPC and the regression form MLPR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (ID3) and Random Forest (Forest).
We subdivided the problem by independent sub-problems of estimation the concentration of different aspect ratio inclusions a1 cracks (10-3: disks), a2 micro cracks (10-2: disks), a3 pores (100: spheres), a4 caverns (102: streaks). To reconstruct simultaneously 4 unknown parameters we applied multi-task learning. Here represents results only for a1.
The classification algorithms performed generally worse in respect of MAE. Yet the error of about 5% was expected here because the classes were defined by 10% concentration intervals (0–10%, 10–20%, and so on). More interesting is their inability to identify right class. It is expressed by the accuracy score. The best classification algorithm MLPC leaded in both MAE and classification accuracy competitions. But its classification accuracy score is only 72. 4%.
The tests have demonstrated the ability of machine learning algorithms to estimate concentration of a known subtype inclusions on the base of sonic logs and density. The best regression algorithm, Random Forest, with its Mean Absolute Error MAE = 1. 7% in concentration provides excellent quality. Two other good reg ression algorithms demonstrate acceptable MAE < 5%.
It would be interesting to apply the ML methods to real core data. We invite for collaboration those who have access to core collections and the ability to execute more detailed analysis of the core porosity than usually.
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Classification of soils by their magnetic properties
Authors A.V. Suhorada and O.V. KruglovSUMMARYOne of the methodological problems that prevent the full use of the potential of pedomagnetic research is the lack of effective classification of soils for their magnetic properties. In this study, a genetic classification of soils based on their magnetic properties, based on the nature of soil magnetics, is proposed. Two main taxa are allocated. Data on the magnetic properties of soils, caused by terrigenous magnetісs, is mainly a subject of geological studies. Such soils reflect the structure of the geological site as a whole. So capametry of the upper soil horizon of the first type is effective for solving a number of problems of geological mapping and exploration of many minerals. The magnetic properties of the soils of the second taxа are due to the course of pedogenesis. They are of great importance for indicating the soil-forming process, identifying the heterogeneity of the soil. Particular importance of data on the magnetic properties of soils have bee n shown in the indication of erosion processes. А significant number of soils will contain magnetism carriers belonging to both groups, that is, they are “hybrid”. This study is preliminary, it should be considered as a necessary step for the classification of soils for their magnetic properties.
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Study of the factors of formation of groundwater levels within the rural settlements of the Tatarbunary district
Authors O. Miedviedieva and O. DyniakSUMMARYThe issue of changing groundwater levels within the Tatarbunary district of the Odessa region, which are used for water supply of settlements, is considered. The state (groundwater levels, mimic composition) was studied, the areas of flooding were identified in 1982 and 2004, and the factors and factors of the occurrence of a dangerous ecological phenomenon within the region were determined.
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Development of the rocks fracturing model on the Carpathian region example
Authors I.V. Artym, S. S. Kurovets, T.V. Zderka, A.V. Yarema and I.M. KurovetsSUMMARYThe proposed model will allow evaluating the fracturing of the sandy seams, taking into account geodynamic processes. The model is based on the fact that the main factor in the formation of the original fracturing is stress-deformation state of the rocks during the period of active geodynamic processes. The mechanical properties of the Carpathian rocks are processed for such estimation. Samples of rocks were selected according to stratigraphy, lithology and depth. Sediments of Cretaceous system, Paleogene and Neogene take part in a geological structure of the territory. Age of rocks, lithology and depth are taken into account when sampling for further research, because these parameters can change the mechanical properties of rocks. The 2D finite element model is developed, that model will demonstrate the dependence of fracture strength on the geometric characteristics of a sandstone seam within the anticline. The results of these studies will make it possible to be tter predict the high permeability zones for the epigenetic reservoirs formation. This will allow conducting the secondary explorations of the oil and gas fields.
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The Oil and Gas Potential Objects of Krukenychi Depression (according to the data of geological and gravity modeling)
Authors N.P. Khovanets, S.S. Kurovets, S.H. Anikeev, T.V. Zderka and A.V. YaremaSUMMARYThe scientists of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (IFNTUOG) have identified the number of local elevations with which the oil and gas prospects of the deeply buried horizons within Krukenychi subzone of Bilche-Volytsia zone of the Precarpathian Depression should be associated. These findings are based on the results of the data analysis performed by means of gravity measurements and seismic investigations. The recommendations regarding the prospecting drilling and further research of the selected objects are provided.
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Application of geophysical methods in the study of landslides
Authors S. Vyzhva, V. Onyshchuk, I. Onyshchuk, M. Reva and O. ShabaturaSUMMARYThe paper discusses the results of the study of landslide processes by geophysical methods. In examining of landslides it is important to find out the features of their structure but it should always remember that landslides, as a rule, have the various combination of contrasted boundaries sometimes with a high gradient of physical properties. Analysis of landslide blocks various types suggests that it is not always possible to obtain reliable and sufficient information using just one geophysical parameter. Therefore, to study landslides, it is expedient to use a set of geophysical methods and to determine complex indicators. The study of landslide processes is one of the most difficult tasks for engineering geophysics, because the researches must be performed on rather steep slopes with physical heterogeneous of slip area. Size of study area (commonly used a lateral lengths of landslide) is usually limited, which the standard geophysical methods had thereby been m ade more difficult. In this paper there is an example, we present some results of geophysical studies performed in the district of Vytachiv. Geophysical methods are proved to be efficient for studying landslides.
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Use remote sensing for estimation hydropower potential of the rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors O. Obodovskyi, O. Pochaievets, O. Lukianets, V. Onyschuk and O. KryvetsSUMMARYThe possibilities of using the data of remote sensing of the Earth for the establishment of hydropower potential on the rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathians are considered. Describes the main stages of work. The first is the collection of initial spatial and attributive information on the natural conditions, the orography and morphometry of the catchment, characteristics of runoff of rivers and protected areas within catchment areas. It is important to note that all work was done using data that is open access for scientific purposes. The use of geospatial information to establish the hydropower potential of the Ukrainian Carpathian Rivers is primarily the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and the ASTER GDEM with a resolution of 30m per pixel for creating a digital elevation model (CMV) and a set of raster and vector layers morphometric and stock information on river basins. Remote sensing data, namely satellite imagery, such as satellites such as Landsat and Sentinel , were used to specify the lengths of the rivers, their leaks and the mouth sections, to update the state of the channels, and to identify the places of influence of water management activities. The second stage is the systematization and processing of data, the choice of methods and tools for geoinformation analysis. The calculations and analysis were carried out using a comprehensive software product that is also openly accessible, namely QGIS, Saga and GRASS.
The third stage is the visualization of the results obtained in the form of multi-layered river network maps, rivers catchment limits, the network of in-situ monitoring of the drainage of water (hydrological stations), maps of the average multi-year drainage water flow in the rivers of the basins of the Ukrainian Carpathians and maps of hydropower potential.
The algorithm of using remote sensing tools and geoinformation analysis for the establishment of hydroelectric potential of Mountain Rivers is developed.
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Peculiarities of correlation of seismicity of basic seismogenic zones of Ukrainian Transcarpathians with the phases of cycles of solar activity
Authors L.Ye. Nazarevych and A.V. NazarevychSUMMARYThe correlation of earthquakes of the Ukrainian Transcarpathians with K≥7 for 1962–2017 with four phases (minimum, growth, maximum, falling) of 11-year cycles of solar activity (SA) was studied, separately for two zones with different geodynamic mode (extension and compression). It was found that the relatively large (with a factor J=1.93) number of earthquakes in zone of extension occurred in the falling phase of the SA, and in the compression zone this occurred in the phases of growth and maximum (with a factors J=1.14 and J=1.47 respectively). The correlation of stronger (tangible, with M≥2) earthquakes of the Ukrainian Transcarpathians with variations of solar activity was also studied. The analysis was carried out for the whole subregion using A. Gusev's method. It was found that the largest numbers of earthquakes fall on the maximum phases (this is typical for earthquakes of various magnitude ranges (with M=2–2.9 and M≥3)) and on the falling phases (for earthquakes with M=2–2.9) of 11-years SA cycles. The peculiarities of seismotectonics of the Ukrainian Transcarpathians as potential factors of the formation of such statistically appreciable correlations were analyzed.
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Solution of the inreverse problem of electrometry oil and gas wells (on the example of the BKZ + BK + IK complex)
More LessSUMMARYNew method of solving the inverse problem of electrometry of wells is proposed. The method is based on the ability to change the weight of each tool when comparing field logs and calculated logs. It is shown that the method allows solving the inverse problem for layers with a small penetration zone. The method has been tested on a large volume of model logs and well logs. Examples are given for real wells.
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Problem of equivalence in inverse electrometry problems of oil and gas wells
More LessSUMMARYThe method of researching and construction areas for correct solutions of inverse problems is described. The method uses the possibility of constructing a connection between the space of the solutions of the inverse problem and the space of the parameters of the model of the reservoir. Proposed method makes it possible to construct areas of equivalent solutions and to investigate the “blinds zones”. The method has been tested on a large volume of model logs and well logs. Examples are given for real wells.
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Influence of global warming on the groundwater resources of the Southern Bug River basin
Authors O. Shevchenko, V. Osadchiy, D.V. Charnyi, Y.A. Onanko and V.V. GrebinSUMMARYAt the catchment of the Southern Bug River in the mode of level and consumption of groundwater to the river clearly distinguish phases, which are explained by the influence of temperature on the infiltration of winter and summer precipitations. From 1980 to 2014 there was an increase of the groundwater flow. The most stable growth trend - from 1980 to 1998. At the same time, the influence of temperature was lower, but its growth causes an increase of groundwater infiltration provision (mainly due to winter thaw). Since 1999, the weight factor of the temperature influence on the drainage has increased significantly, but there has been a decrease in the trend of the average annual consumption of underground drainage. During the last 20 years the amplitude between the annual minima and the maximum peaks of groundwater flow to the river has significantly increased, and a rapid drop of its volumes in 2015–2016 has been observed. If the trends of the groundwater reserves expenses over time will be deepened, this will be reflected in the resources of potable pressurized groundwater of the region.
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Geological-and-structural 3-D modelling of Serhiivka complex Au-Mo deposit (Ukrainian Shield)
Authors V. V. Sukach, O. V. Hrinchenko, O. V. Voloshyn and D. S. VasiukhinaSUMMARYSerhiivka gold-molybdenum deposit is located in the southern part of the Solone ore field situated within Sura greenstone structure (greenstone belt) of Middle Dnipro Archean craton of Ukrainian Shield. The deposit consists of Mezoarchean (3,0-2,9 Ga) tholeiitic basalts and gabbro-dolerites metamorphosed at green-shiest facies, which are intruded by submeriodional Serhiivka subvolcanic body with associated dikes of dacites and rhyodacites. Gold-rich ore bodies, as well as molybdenum mineralization are predominantly found in metabasalts and metagabbro-dolerites, and locally, in felsic rocks that are treated to be the sources of ore-bearing fluids. 3-D modelling carried out has revealed some features of geological structure and distribution patterns of gold mineralization that are typical of the central part of the Serhiivka deposit. These features can be used while interpreting the geological structure of the deposit, as a whole, as well as distribution pattern of gold and molybdenum mineralization. It can result in rising of evaluation accuracy of ore reserves and will increase investment appeal of the complex gold-molybdenum Serhiivka deposit.
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