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18th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 13-16, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 15 May 2019
61 - 80 of 142 results
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About statistical simulation algorithm of dataset in 3-D area with spherical соrrelation function on Rivne NPP example
Authors Z. Vyzhva, V. Demidov and A. VyzhvaSUMMARYThe article is devoted to using methods of random fields in 3-D area statistical simulation (Monte Carlo methods) in environmental geophysical monitoring problems. A new effective algorithm has been devised to simulate random field in 3D area with spherical соrrelation function, based on spectral decomposition, for investigation of chalk layer density on Rivne NPP industrial area territory. It has been considered the problem of statistical simulation of “noise” for chalk layer density realizations as random fields in 3D space. It has been constructed the statistical model for the gauss random fields in three-dimensional space, with spherical соrrelation function. It has been received of random fields in 3-D area realization with spherical соrrelation function by using those models, formulating the algorithm and building programs.
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On Numerical Solution of Forward Gravity Problem for Ellipsoidal Models
Authors P. Martyshko, I. Ladovskii, D. Byzov and A. ChernoskutovSummaryWe propose an algorithm for solving the direct gravity problem for density models of tesseroidal shape. The algorithm is based on the approximation of such models by a set of polyhedra each with its own constant density and the calculation of the field for them. The formula of the gravitational field of an arbitrary polyhedron with a constant density is presented in a compact vector form, which makes it invariant with respect to the choice of a rectangular coordinate system. That fact favorably distinguishes the paper from the works of other authors. High-resolution field of the spherical density model (acquired by the authors in the previous works) of the Urals and adjacent territories has been calculated with the proposed method. The calculations were performed using multi-GPU parallel software implementation of the method.
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Application of modern geoinformation systems on the evaluation of military-political situation
Authors I. Tolok, I. Pampukha, P. Savkov, V. Zatserkovnyi, A. Lykianchuk and I. ShatkovskaSummaryIn order to increase the effectiveness of the monitoring and evaluation system of the state's military and political situation for the realization of national interests in the face of various types of threats, it is necessary to improve the models of the information-monitoring system of national security. In the absence of relevant scientific developments in Ukraine, the issue of constructing a model for monitoring and evaluating the information space remains relevant. Therefore, in the course of research, the use of the cluster spatiotemporal model is justified, which makes it possible to formalize masses of geospatial and attributive information. The use of the results of theoretical research will allow us to approach the development of a model for monitoring the information space of the security and defense sector. The necessity of model development, estimation and forecasting of the military-political situation and the development of models and methods for its assessment and forecasting in the interests of carrying out strategic operations by the state apparatus and the Armed Forces of Ukraine are determined. The article deals with the essence, content and problem issues of the use of modern geographic information systems for assessing the military-political situation.
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Results of Stationary Thermal Fields modeling for Urals region
Authors P. Martyshko, I. Ladovskii, D. Byzov and A. TsidaevSummaryAuthors present results of stationary thermal fields modeling. Thermal production and thermal conductivity models are constructed. To calculate thermal production recalculation of density model using known correlation between density and thermal production was used. 3D thermal production model was constructed for the Urals region. For the thermal conductivity there is no such a correlation and no visible relation between density and thermal conductivity exists. Authors took piecewise constant function, which is obtained by rock examples, and used it for layerwise construction of 3D model of crustal distribution of thermal conductivity. On the last stage mantle component of heat flux is calculated and comparison to a map of tectonic structures is performed. Agreement of recalculated thermal anomalies with mantle boundary is more informative than with the map of tectonic zoning. This is understandable since different factors of physical nature are involved into formi ng of thermal and gravity fields of Earth's crust. All elements that are required for evaluation of mantle heat flux are taken into account by authors in the process of 3D velocity and density models construction. Inner consistency of the results obtained by gravity and thermal fields doesn't disagree with DSS data, which means that author's method is effective.
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Open source GIS platform for water resource modelling: FREEWAT approach in the Bakumivka river irrigation-drainage network catchment, Ukraine
Authors D. Svidzinska and M. GrodzynskyiSummaryFree and Open Source Software Tools for Water Resource Management (FREEWAT) is a free and open source GIS-platform for planning and management of water resources, with specific attention to groundwater component. The platform capabilities were tested on the Bakumivka river irrigation-drainage network catchment, Ukraine. The main objective of the case study was to find out the optimal spatial distribution of the water supply to the farms located within the Bakumivka River's basin area by modifying of its landcover pattern. The FREEWAT approach has played an integrative role in the development and implementation of the model Bakumivka River's catchment case study. Modelling-obtained heads and water budgets were analyzed in order to understand and quantify the relations of the kind of landcover applied over the area and provide recommendations on land and water management. Future applications of the case study results are related to the further aggregation of spatio-t emporal data, and development of the more advanced scenarios.
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Using laser scanning and digital photogrammetry for creation of virtual geological outcrops: case studies from the west of Ukraine
Authors I. M. Bubniak, A. M. Bubniak, O. D. Gavrilenko, V. I. Nikulishyn and I. I. GolubinkaSummaryThe last two decades are characterized by the emergence of both new approaches and ideas and the development of new devices and software for the collection, processing and presentation of spatial information in the Earth sciences. By applying laser scanning and photogrammetry, we have the ability to create digital models of natural objects, including digital models of outcrops. The process of creating digital models involves collecting field data, processing and presenting data. The results obtained are used for further processing with the use of specialized software. Laser scanning and photogrammetry have both advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of laser scanning is its high performance and independence from weather. But it is an expensive method of research. The photogrammetric approach is much cheaper, its significant disadvantage is dependence on weather conditions. The created digital models of geological objects for the west of Ukraine (9 objects) and 3 for Eastern Kazakhstan have demonstrated their possibility for further use in order to obtain geological and structural information. With these models, it is possible to get information from previously unavailable places. Also, information is more complete than traditional field research methods.
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Modified Gardner equation for evaluation of rock density basing on velocity data for Dnipro-Donets depression
Authors O. Petrovskyy, T. Petrovska, A. Borozdina, M. Firman, I. Gafych and I. SolodkyySummaryBeing an important parameter for geophysical data interpretation, density is often poorly studied for many basins, both by core and log data. This is the case for Dnieper-Donets basin. Multiple projects on joint gravity and seismic inversion allowed authors to investigate interrelationship between P-wave velocity and density using Gardner equation, thus allowing to use sonic logs and VSP velocities to calculate formation density. Studies showed that Gardner coefficients differ much from the average values published in classic paper by Gardner et al. (1974 ). The paper presents modified Gardner equation, refined for productive Carboniferous and Devonian formations of Dnieper-Donets basin.
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The features of spessartine from Nani Hill (Loliondo, Tanzania)
Authors I. V. Kvasnytsia, O. V. Andreev, Yu. S. Skrylnikova and I. V. NaumenkoSummaryThe results of the crystallomorphological and chemical features study of the spessartine crystals from Nani Hill, Loliondo, Tanzania are presented.
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Research of pore space structure features for productive low-resistance carboniferous reservoir at Dniprovsko-Donetska depression
More LessSummaryThe problem of constructing petrophysical dependences for reservoir rocks of complex structure with abnormal electrical properties is considered. The results of studying porous space structure and filtration-capacitive parameters at rock-collectors with complex structure by the method of mercury porosimetry in oil and gas deposits DDD are given. According to the results of research petrophysical interconnections have been obtained using the GWL data for pure granular quartz collectors and sandstones with abnormal electrical properties.
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Methodological fundamentals of remote sensing integration and expert data for displaying the state of mining territories
Authors A.V. Khyzhniak and V. RailkoSummaryThe work outlined the methodological basis for the integration of Sentinel-2 images and ground-based expert data to display the state of mining areas in four load levels: light, medium, moderate and heavy. To assess the state of the mining areas, an algorithm was developed based on the landscape-system approach and automated interpretation of satellite images using the statistical criterion method. The proposed algorithm was tested on the territory of the Nikopol mining region using a multispectral atmospheric and radiometrically corrected Sentinel-2A image and ground-based statistical data. As a result, a map of the technogenic load of the study area was obtained. Evaluation of the accuracy of the results shows that the integration of remote sensing and ground-based expert data using the proposed algorithm is very promising for assessing the state of mining areas. The proposed algorithm for using data will provide objective, reliable and operative information for all interested parties, including those responsible for the ecological state and mining areas.
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Improving the algorithm of satellite images landscape interpretation
Authors V. Trysnyuk, V. Okhariev, T. Trysnyuk, O. Zorina, A. Kurylo and C. RadlowskaSummaryThe possibilities of automated landscape interpretation of space images of investigated Territeria are investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of automated image processing and problems that arise in the process of landscape contouring in pictures are considered.
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Problems of waste management system formation in Ukraine
Authors S.Y. Bortnyk, T.M. Lavruk and L.M. TymuliakSummaryThe article analyzes legislative base in the field of waste management and the structure of waste generation by types of economic activity in Ukraine and underlines the importance of forming a waste management system for monitoring and preventing modern unfavorable natural and man-made processes at all levels of land use, from local to national. The focus is on the need for joint participation of specialists from different sectors - scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs, lawyers, educators, local authorities and citizens in the establishment of a waste management system. In this regard, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv initiated an eco-project “Geographical aspects of waste management system formation in Ukraine” which aimed at identifying sources and waste streams, assessing the impact of existing classes of waste on natural landscapes and processes, determining the optimal spatial infrastructure for waste management and ways of revitalization of industrial zones, as well ascreating a geoinformation system for waste monitoring and management in Ukraine.
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Geoinformation analysis and modelling groundwater conditions within the Ivano-Frankivsk region (Ukraine)
Authors L. Davybida and B. KarpinskyiSummaryThe purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for the regional analysis, modelling and assessment of the conditions of groundwater resources formation using GIS. The studied area is the Ukrainian Precarpathians (Ivano-Frankivsk region). In order to achieve the purpose, the materials on the conditions of the groundwater formation in the Ivano-Frankivsk region were analyzed, the structure of the appropriate geodatabase was developed and its filling was made in the GIS MapInfo environment, the geoinformation analysis of the hydrogeological parameters was carried out and the assessment of their interdependence was made. Analysis of the landslide localizations in relation to the structural units of the hydrogeological zoning allowed to establish certain patterns in the spatial intensity of the landslides associated with the spread of the certain types of mountain and plain landscape-hydrogeological complexes.
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Formational basis of the theory for information support of geological activity
SummaryThe elaboration of a theory for information support of R&D, connected with geological medium management (ISRDGMM) in necessary in relation to global trend of digital, technological and social-economic transformation of the world community functioning. The purpose of investigation is to present theories principles of information supervision (support) for investigations and works on geological medium management.
The methodology is based upon the introducing a formation analysis into all phases of ISRDGMM. The introducing of this methodology resulted in development of predictive-reconstructive geological information complex for modeling of geological medium management. This complex comprises three cognitive–functional levels: general methodological basis, target oriented methodological-methodic elaboration and methodic ISRDGMM complex. The novelty of this scientific approach consists in presenting a new approach for ISRDGMM basing upon specific theoretic schemes considering formational algorithms. Authors consider this scheme as universal one, controlling all the areas of mankind geological activity.
The realization of theoretic principles has been demonstrated by a number of specific examples of author's projects, aimed at main directions of geological medium use and protection (useful minerals use, underground and nearsurface repositories construction and exploitation, mining and polluted territories management, etc. The prospects of ISRDGMM theory further development are marked in.
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Calculation of fluorescence flux from individual microcrystals of minerals of simple form
Authors E.V. Meshcheryakova, A.V. Andreyev, A.L. Bunkevich and S.E. ShnyukovSummaryThe derivation of formulas for the calculation of fluorescence fluxes of chemical elements in microcrystals of minerals of simple form (parallelepiped) is given. Such calculations are necessary for the development of a technique for quantitative XRF determination of the content of trace elements in accessory minerals using the internal standard method. The example of fluorescence flux calculation for Ce and Th in monazite is given.
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Deep Geoelectrical Researches of the Tarasivskiy and Troyankivskiy Metabasite Massives of Golovanivsk Suture Zone
Authors A. M. Kushnir, T. K. Burakhovych, B. I. Shyrkov and V. A. IlyenkoSummaryThe results of the three-dimensional modeling of the Tarasivskiy and Troyankivskiy Metabasite Massives of the Yatran’ block of the Golovanivsk Suture Zone (GSZ) showed that these structures in the geological boundaries do not manifested in the anomalous conductivity (σ). But the fault zones, that outlines and crosses them, are complex anomalous objects both in ground plan and depth. In geoelectrical terms, the current structures of two massives are significantly different. So Tarasivskiy massive is sublatitudinally crossed by high conductivity zones with different resistivity (ρ), allocated at three depth levels: 0 – 100 m from 10–250 Ohm•m; 2–7 and 7–10 km with ρ = 10–250 Ohm•m. While anomalous objects of the Troyankivskiy massive extend from north-west to south-east with a change of direction to sublatitudinal in the eastern part of the area. The conductivity structures of the Troyankivskiy massive are allocated at four depth levels: 0 - 100 and 150 - 20 0 m with ρ = 5–100 Ohm•m; 2–4 and 4–10 km with ρ = 50, 250 Ohm•m. The unifying feature of the two structures is the manifestation of low values of ρ from 5 to 100 Ohm•m precisely in their geological boundaries. The high electrical conductivity can be explained by the special composition of the earth's crust (graphitization, sulfidization, etc.) or fluidization of various origins. Increasingly, according to the latest data, the nature of the anomalies is considered as the result of the joint influence of the electron and ion types of electrical conductivity.
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Software tool for calculating the content of Rb and Sr in selected potassium mica crystals by the internal standard method
Authors A.V. Andreyev, O.A. Lisova, I.V. Virshylo and S.E. ShnyukovSummaryAn algorithm and a program for calculating the content of rubidium and strontium in individual crystals of potassium micas are described, based on the measured X-ray fluorescence fluxes of potassium, iron, rubidium and strontium and the known content of potassium and iron.
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About Scientific Computing within Python and Jupyter Notebook
Authors A.I. Yakimchik and S.O. ShabaturaSummaryJupyter Notebook is a web-based application that allows you to write and comment on Python code interactively. This is a valuable mean to experiment, to do research, and to share your results with others. Increasingly, many researchers use this computing environment in their researches.
In a brief second form highlights the key reasons for the growing popularity of the Python programming language and project Jupyter. According to the company TIOBE, which collects monthly statistics of search queries and, based on the data obtained, compiles its own visualized ratings of programming language, the Python ranks 3rd grade in popularity among programming languages. He was chosen as the language of the year in 2007, 2010 and 2018.
Considered aspects of installing programs, libraries and packages in the Windows operating system. It is recommended to download and install libraries from the whl-file repository on the webpage by Christoph Gohlke Laboratory for Fluor escence Dynamics University of California. Demonstrated simplicity and efficiency of scientific computing in Jupyter Notebook. In particular, it is shown that the code for calculating the matrix size 5000x5000 takes only a few lines.
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The main features of the lithosphere structure along the PANCAKE profile in the context of geodynamics of the Carpathian-Pannonian region
Authors A. Murovskaya, T. Amashukeli, T. Yegorova, R. Bezuhlyi, A. Verpakhovska and M. NakapelukhSummaryThe Carpathian-Pannonian region is traditionally interpreted as accretionary prism - back-arc basin system, although alternative models exist. This study presents balanced geological cross-section, crust tectonic model on base of seismic images obtained by migration method combined of the depth of asthenosphere along PANCAKE profile to understand geodynamics of study region. The geological cross-section shows thrust tectonics with significant horizontal NE displacements. A basal detachment of Carpathian allochthon locates at 12–15 km depths. Tectonic model by migration method shows pre-Alpine Carpathian basement at ~ 15 km in agreement with geological and balanced cross-sections. New seismic boundary within uppermost mantle dipping at low angle under the East European Craton (EEC) was obtained. It is associated with collision and thrusting of marginal part of ALCAPA lithosphere under EEC. The surface dipping in opposite direction could be associated with SW subdu ction was not found. The geometry of asthenosphere and gravity field allows localizing TESZ. Within TESZ maximum thickness of lithosphere beneath the Carpathians is observed, indicating a significant role of this lithospheric boundary in development of SW-margin of EEC and Ukrainian Carpathians. Lithosphere thinning under Pannonian Basin larger than crust thinning emphasizes the main role of mantle upwelling in evolution of Carpathian-Pannonian region.
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Alpha and beta-activities of sedimentary rocks of the Runovshchyna area as an indicator of the conditions of their origin
Authors S. Vyzhva, O. Shabatura, V. Onyshchuk and I. OnyshchukSummaryUnder petrophysical modeling, data of experimental determination of specific α- and β-activity and chemical composition of samples of Runovschyna area were used. Alpha-radiometry can be used to discriminate rocks of different lithology, and β-radiometry is more effective for age differentiation of formations. For reconstruction of the formation conditions should be applies such types: (1) Aα=1000–1500 (Bq/kg), Aβ=1800–2000 - type of rocks that undergone severe and deep weathering; (2) Aα=100–700, Aβ=200–1800 - type of mature sedimentary rocks, with a separate subtype with Aα=300–500, Aβ=600–800 that represented by sorted quartz sandstones; (3) Aα=300–1100, Aβ=600–1400 - type of argillite strata. Types 1 and 3 can be connected to the maternal layer of the kerogen, and type 2 is as a medium of migration and their accumulation.
Overlapping the ranges of radiometric characteristics of different types of rock requires further analysis and improvement.
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