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18th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 13-16, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 15 May 2019
1 - 50 of 142 results
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Environmental security management of geosystems
Authors O. Trofymchuk, V. Okhariev and V. TrysnyukSummaryThe spatiotemporal methods for the regional environmental monitoring system are considered. The advantages of creating system of integrated environmental monitoring based on the synthesis of on-ground measurements and remote sensing data are presented. An example of remote sensing technologies using in of natural resource management is displayed.
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Modeling of filtration processes in vicinity of gas production well
By M.V. LubkovSummaryOn the base of combined finite element - difference method, we carried out computer modeling of filtration processes in vicinity of gas production well. According to obtained data analysis, the filtration process near gas production well mainly depends on gas permeability distribution, as close zone of well acting (Ra < 500 m) so remote zone acting (Ra > 500 m). At that, gas permeability distribution in remote zone of well acting more influences on filtration processes near gas producing well than gas permeability distribution in close zone. At the same time, other important filtration parameters: gas viscosity and porosity of gas reservoir little influence directly on filtration process intensity near gas production well. Another hand, they can influence on the intensity filtration process via direct acting on the gas permeability coefficient. If gas penetration in the reservoir boundaries is small enough, so for supporting quite high gas pressure in vicinit y of gas producing well it is necessary using of gas pumping wells.
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Modeling of oil filtration processes near production well
Authors M.V. Lubkov and O.O. ZacharchukSummaryOn the base of combined finite element -difference method, we carried out computer modeling of the oil filtration processes in the vicinity of oil production well. According to obtained results, intensity of filtration process near the acting oil production well mainly depend on oil phase permeability, as in close zone (Ra < 5m) so remote zone (Ra > 5m) of well action. At that, influence of oil permeability in remote zone more effective than influence in close zone of production well action. The oil viscosity and oil reservoir porosity parameters in close and remote zones of the well action have little direct effect on filtration process near the acting well. However, these parameters can influence on the filtration process via acting on the oil phase permeability. Analysis of the pumping well influence on the filtration process near oil production well in different practical cases shows that for stable supporting quite high pressure in vicinity of oil production well at the low oil phase permeability it is necessary using of pumping well.
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Studying the deep structure of kimberlite pipes by the results of remote sensing data frequency-resonance processing
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, S. P. Levashov and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of experimental application of the technology of remote sensing data (satellite images) frequency-resonance processing and interpretation with the aim of studying the internal structure of diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes are analyzed. The experiments were carried out at the locations of the well-known kimberlite pipes Udachnaya, Mir (Yakutia, Russia), Letseng-La-Terae (Kingdom of Lesotho), Diavik (Canada), and also in the area of the Klyuchevskaya volcano group in Kamchatka. By the vertical scanning of the cross-section in the central parts of the pipes the depths of the kimberlites roots and the intervals of anomalous responses (signals) at the resonant frequencies of diamonds fixation have been determined. Experimental studies have shown that: a) the frequency-resonance method of remote sensing data processing and interpreting can be used for operative reconnaissance surveys of large blocks and local areas in remote regions; b) the active use of mobile and direct-prospecting methods during the practical problems solving will help to speed up the exploration process for ore and combustible minerals.
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New evidence of amber endogenous genesis
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, S. P. Levashov and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of experimental studies using the technology of frequency-resonance processing of satellite images within the amber mining sites in the Kaliningrad (Russia) and Rovno (Ukraine) regions are analyzed. Within the surveyed areas, vertical channels of migration of fluids and mineral matter were found, the roots of which were recorded at a depth of 470 km. The presence of only sedimentary groups of rocks was established in the contours of the channels; responses from igneous and metamorphic rocks were not recorded. Vertical scanning signals at the resonant frequencies of amber were recorded from depths of 1–2 m to 57 km. Signals at the resonant frequencies of amber, oil, condensate, gas, and coal were also recorded from the surface. The results of experimental studies conducted on local sites for the extraction of amber can be considered as such, which testifies in favor of deep (abiogenic) synthesis of this mineral in the process of hydrogen degassing of the Earth. Direct search frequency-resonance method of processing satellite images can be used to search for amber.
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Geophysical researches for the hydrocarbon accumulations searching in Ukrainian marine Antarctic expedition of 2018
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, I. N. Korchagin, V. G. Bakhmutov and V. D. SolovjevSummaryThe results of geophysical research in the Ukrainian Marine Antarctic Expedition of 2008 from the ship on the route Cape Town Port (South Africa) -Falkland Islands -King George Island, as well as on the polygon in the area of the Antarctic Peninsula are analyzed. The studies were conducted using mobile and direct-prospecting geophysical methods and were aimed at studying the deep structure of the oceanic lithosphere along the route of the vessel, detecting possible accumulations of hydrocarbons and other minerals. Modified methods of frequency-resonance processing and decoding of satellite images and photographs, vertical electric-resonance sounding (scanning) of the cross-section, as well as the method of measuring the intensity of the natural electric field of the Earth with fluxmeters, were further tested on the vessel. In the southern Atlantic and in the region of the Antarctic Peninsula, a significant number of sites that are promising for hydrocarbon exploration have been found. New evidence has been obtained in favor of deep (mineral) synthesis of hydrocarbons: a) the discovery of deep channels of the of fluids and mineral matter migration; b) fixing of anomalous responses at the resonant frequencies of the hydrocarbons exclusively within the contours of the channels and in their surroundings; c) the fixation of anomalous responses at the resonant frequencies of oil gas and condensate in the channels to a depth of 57 km. Below this boundary, the responses at the resonance frequencies of hydrogen and carbon are fixed (this is not above this limit). The tested mobile technology of frequency-resonance processing of remote sensing data (satellite images) and photographs is recommended for use on the territory of Ukraine for the purpose of a preliminary assessment of the oil and gas potential of poorly studied and unexplored search blocks and local areas. The use of this technology can have a significant effect when searching for industrial accumulations of hydrocarbons in unconventional reservoirs (including the areas of shale spreading, coal-bearing formations, and crystalline rocks). Mobile technology can also be successfully used during studies of poorly studied areas and blocks within known oil and gas fields, as well as for the operative detection and mapping of large concentrations of hydrogen in areas of intensive hydrogen degassing.
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Integral evaluation of the oil and gas prospect of search blocks and areas by the frequency-resonance method of satellite images processing
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, S. P. Levashov and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of testing the technology of integrated assessment of oil and gas potential prospects of exploration blocks and sites using modified methods of frequency-resonance processing of satellite images, as well as an improved method of vertical sounding (scanning) of the cross-section to determine the depth of the hydrocarbons and rocks are analyzed. Demonstration studies were carried out within a large area in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District (KhMAO, Western Siberia). Anomalous responses at the resonant frequencies of oil, gas condensate, gas, helium, carbon, hydrogen and amber (!) were recorded within the entire survey block, and the vertical channels were found, filled with (1) ultramafic rocks, (2) clastic sedimentary rocks (sandstones, clays etc.), (3) carbonate rocks (marls) and (4) salt. By a vertical scanning of the cross-section the estimates of the depths of the predicted anomalous polarized layers of oil type have been received. Additional studies were carried out at three sites within the survey block. The application of this mobile technology at the initial stages of prospecting work will allow seismic 3D surveys of enhanced detail to be carried out within mapped anomalies of the “hydrocarbon deposit” type. The use of technology to further assess the oil and gas potential of the structures, identified by seismic exploration, will provide the opportunity to optimize the location of exploratory wells. Purposeful use of technology in the search and exploration of hydrocarbon accumulations will allow speeding up and optimizing the overall geological exploration process for hydrocarbon resources.
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Depth structure of the area of Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes location according to the frequency-resonance processing of satellite images
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, I. N. Korchagin and G. M. DrogitskayaSummaryThe results of experimental studies carried out using the technology of frequency-resonance processing and interpretation of Earth remote sensing data (satellite images) and photo images with the aim of studying the internal structure of volcanos are analyzed. The experiments were carried out at sites of the location of the famous Klyuchevskaya group of volcanic complexes. The results of the deep frequency-resonance sounding of the cross-section in the surveyed area show that the roots of the volcanoes existing here (channels of deep fluids and mineral matter migration) are located in the molten (liquid) rock layer, which is detected and fixed on the globe almost everywhere in the depth interval of 194–225 km, as well as at depths of 470 km and 723 km. Within the three surveyed areas, kimberlite pipes with diamond inclusions, as well as a channel of the mineral matter migration, were found. The materials of the research carried out in the area of the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes in Kamchatka can be considered as confirmation of the assumptions that volcanic structures can be a source of hydrogen. Operatively conducted experimental studies have shown that the frequency-resonance method of Earth remote sensing data processing and interpreting can be used to study the deep structure of the Earth's tectonic structures and to search for combustible and ore minerals.
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Features of the structure of some famous volcanic complexes in Italy
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, S. P. Levashov and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of experimental studies carried out using the technology of frequency-resonance processing and interpretation of remote sensing data (Earth remote sensing) (satellite images) and photographs with the aim of studying the internal structure of volcanic structures are analyzed. The experiments were carried out at the locations of well-known volcanic complexes Phlegrean Fields and Vesuvius, as well as the mud volcano in the reserve of Riserva Naturale Salse di Nirano in Italy. Additionally, the photos of the Tatja and Mendeleev volcanoes, located on the Kunashir island of the Kuril Ridge, as well as of the Taranani volcano in New Zealand, are processed by the frequency-resonance method. The results of the deep frequency-resonance sounding of the cross-section in the vents of active and old volcanoes show that the roots of almost all volcanoes end in a molten (liquid) layer of rocks, which is detected and fixed on the globe almost everywhere in the depth interval 194–225 km. Operatively conducted experimental studies showed that: a) the frequency-resonance method of remote sensing data processing and interpreting can be used when conducting a reconnaissance survey of large-sized and hard-to-reach areas within a short time; b) the use of mobile and direct-prospecting methods (including the frequency-resonance technology of satellite images processing) in the search and exploration of ore and combustible minerals will contribute to the acceleration and optimization of the exploration process in general.
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Application of technology of frequency-resonant processing of satellite images and photographs on area of hydrogen production and hydrogen degasation of the Earth
Authors N. A. Yakymchuk, S. P. Levashov and I. N. KorchaginSummaryThe results of experimental studies carried out with using the technology of frequency-resonance processing and interpretation of Earth remote sensing data (satellite images) and photographs in order to study the possibility of using it for hydrogen accumulations searching and locating are analyzed. The experiments were carried out at the site of hydrogen production in Mali, at the site of exploratory well drilling in the USA, and also at the sites of visible hydrogen degassing in various regions of the world. When processing an image of a hydrogen production site in Mali, signals were recorded at the resonant frequencies of hydrogen and deuterium. By scanning the cross-section near one of the wells, the responses at the hydrogen frequencies were recorded in the following depth intervals: 1) 25–245 m; 2) 635–750 m; 3) 950–970 m. The results of studies at the well drilling site in the United States allow us to conclude that there are no hydrogen accumulations in commercial volumes within it. However, this area is promising for the search for oil, gas and gas condensate. At the surveyed areas of visible hydrogen degassing in the USA, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine, and Oman almost always recorded responses at the resonant frequencies of hydrogen and deuterium. Within these areas, vertical channels of deep fluids, mineral matter, and chemical elements migration were found. In many parts of the survey areas, responses were also recorded at the resonant frequencies of oil, gas and condensate. The results of experimental studies of a demonstration character allow us to state that the mobile technology of frequency-resonance processing and decoding of remote sensing data (satellite images) and photographs can be successfully used for the operative detection and mapping of possible accumulations (large) of hydrogen in areas (sites) of intensive hydrogen degassing.
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Enhancement factor in anisotropic media
Authors A. Stovas, Yu. Roganov and V. RoganovSummaryWe develop a new characteristic of anisotropic media that is defined by the ratio of differential solid angles for velocity vectors defined in phase and group domain. This characteristic helps to obtain the caustics and singularity points postions.
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Defining of 2-D surfaces of a combined hierarchical object located in the block layered geological medium using the data of active acoustic monitoring
Authors O. Hachay, A. Khachay and O. KhachaySummaryPurpose. Geological medium is an open system which is influenced by outer and inner factors that can lead it to an unstable state. That non stability is often occurred locally and these zones are named as dynamically active elements, which are indicators of potential catastrophic sources. These objects differ from the embedded geological medium by their structural forms, which are of hierarchical type.
Design/methodology/approach. We developed an algorithm for constructing the equation of theoretical inverse problem for 2-D linear polarized longitudinal elastic wave as a source of excitation of the N-layered elastic medium with combined hierarchic plastic, elastic and density inclusions located in the (ν−1), ν and (ν+1) elastic layers. An iteration process of solving the inverse problem for the case of certain configurations of 2D hierarchical inclusions of l, m, s ranks is elaborated using integral and differential equations.
Findings. When interpr eting the results of active wave monitoring it is need to use the data of such systems that are configured to study the hierarchical structure of the medium.
Practical value/implications. These results will be the base for constructing new systems of monitoring observations of dynamical geological objects.
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The 3D thermal effect of young erosion and deposition within the elevated part of the Mid-Norwegian continental margin
Authors Y.P. Maystrenko, L. Rise, D. Ottesen and O. OlesenSummaryA 3D model of the temperature distribution beneath the north-eastern part of the Mid-Norwegian continental margin (the Lofoten-Vesterålen area), one of the most pronounced elevated passive continental margins in the world, has been studied to quantify the thermal influence of high erosional and depositional rates mapped during the late Cenozoic. A lithosphere-scale 3D structural/density model of the Lofoten-Vesterålen area has been used as a structural skeleton for the sedimentary infill, crystalline crust and lithospheric mantle during a 3D thermal modelling. The modelled thermal effect of the late Cenozoic erosion within the Lofoten-Vesterålen area is highlighted by a positive thermal anomaly within the areas where sedimentary and crystalline rocks were significantly eroded. A negative thermal influence has been obtained in the areas where deposition of the eroded material occurred. The erosion-related, positive, thermal anomaly reaches up to +27 oC at depths of 17–22 km. Two deposition-related, negative thermal anomalies are characterized by minimal values of around −70 oC at 17–20 km depth and −48 oC at 12–14 km depth beneath the adjacent deep ocean basin and the subsided continental margin, respectively.
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Analysis of Spatial Variability of Soil Fertility in Precision Agriculture Technologies
Authors V.I. Zatserkovnyi, P.I. Trofymenko, N.V. Trofimenko and I.O. MakedonskaSummaryThe paper presents the results of the analysis of the technological components of precision agriculture, the efficiency of their use, the main current trends and prospects of development. Based on the data of scientific and scientific—technological researches from the leading specialists in the field of precision agriculture, as well as the results of their own developments, the advantages and level of effectiveness of its component components have been identified. It is established that the introduction of parallel driving systems, the introduction of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products can save up to 50% of material resources.
It has been shown that the distance forecasting of the grain yield and wheat straw yield of winter wheat and the construction of high resolution digitization charts on the basis of spectrozonal analysis of the Sentinel-2A image provided satisfactory results. In conditions of significant variability of soil cover, the ave rage error of approximation of grain yield was Āgrain = 14.5%, straw according to Āstraw = 15.3%. The determination coefficients for grain yield and straw were respectively 0.64 and 0.74.
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Analysis of 3D model creation approaches
Authors V.I. Zatserkovnyi, O.E. Senkevych, P.I. Trofymenko and N.V. TrofimenkoSummaryAnnotation. The following issues are considered – the topical issues of the modern land and urban cadaster, which are characterized by the presence of a large number of complex three-dimensional objects of real estate. These objects cannot be displayed in a two-dimensional registration system.
The development of a modern cadastral system with the use of three-dimensional modeling is analyzed. The possibilities of using geographic information systems for the creation of three-dimensional objects during a cadastre and real estate valuation are discussed.
Thanks to the use of a three-dimensional cadastre, it is possible to improve substantially the quality of accounting of such infrastructure elements as communication networks and pipelines and underpasses, as well as multi-level complexes, multi-apartment buildings and a number of other objects. The three-dimensional reflection of the terrain and objects located on it, significantly increases the possibili ties of cadastral accounting and mechanisms for ensuring property rights, planning, design and taxation.
A software analysis has been conducted that can be used to create three-dimensional cadastral models.
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Mapping supply and demand of provisioning ecosystem services in Lithuania
Authors P. Pereira, O. Menshov, K. Miksa and M. KalinauskasSummaryEcosystem services (ES) are defined as the direct and indirect goods provided by nature to people. For a correct assessment, land management and territory planning, mapping is a crucial exercise. Understand the spatial distribution of supply and demand dimensions is key to identify the areas where they mismatch and overlap and therefore measure the access of people to ES. The objective of this work is to map the supply and demand of provisioning ES in Lithuania and assess the trade-offs among them.
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Assessment Engineering Geological Zoning of Kalush City Using ERS Data for Urban Development
Authors O. Mykolaenko, P. Zhyrnov, Y. Sadoviy, O. Tomchenko and I. PidlisetskaSummaryThe methodology of assessment engineering geological zoning of Kalush city of Ivano-Frankivsk region with particularly complicated geodynamical and geoecological conditions was appended. Previously elaborated taxonomic system of territorial units provides the basis for engineering geological zoning. The allocation of large natural geomorphological districts detailing in slopes' steepness classification for construction development and districts, which completely presented by technogenic landforms was initially proposed for Kalush city. Each allocated district is divided on engineering geological sites due analytical assessment of geotechnical, hydrogeological, geodynamical conditions and ecological and engineering geological planning restrictions. Multi-temporal space images from 2005 to 2017 years with manifestation of different supergene geological processes were analyzed to better assess of geodynamical situation. Four categories of sites with different levels of suitability for construction were allocated, including useless city's sites for constructions, which require primary urgent reclamation measures on whose realization the ecological balance of geological environment of Kalush and the health of him inhabitants in future depends. The proposed method of assessment engineering geological zoning allows to provide credible and accurate information for the construction development direction's understanding and operational ecological decision making.
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Methods of remote sensing of the Earth in the study of the geomorphological state of the surface waters of the Desna River
Authors L.V. Plichko, V. I. Zatserkovnyi and M.D. BohoslavskyiSummaryThe article considers the possibility of using remote sensing methods to detect changes that occur in surface waters. Examples of the use of remote sensing methods for studying the geomorphological state of the quality of surface waters of the Desna River are given. Further, a combination of space and field observations was proposed to obtain information on seasonal and perennial changes in surface waters. Moreover, the use of remote sensing methods will allow predicting the state of water bodies and making effective management decisions.
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Application of the EasySeis software for construction of seismic images on the Dniper-Donetsk depression
Authors S. Vyzhva, I. Solovyov, V. Kruhlyk and G. LisnySummaryThe easySeis software was developed at the Department of Geophysics of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv with the support of Geounit Company. The program complex is intended for the construction of 3-D seismic images of heterogeneous anisotropic geological medium by direct transformation of seismograms of common sources. Computational schemes are based on a number of original technologies for imaging of anisotropic medium proposed by the scientists of the Department of Geophysics. The definition of a velocity models for migration involves the use of checkshots or a vertical seismic profiling data. With the help of these data, a volumetric distribution of vertical velocities in a geological medium is formed. Such a distribution allows us to obtain reliable positions of the waves of the images and the corresponding structural elements of the geological medium in depth. This makes it possible to directly obtain reliable seismic images in a depth scale w hich is the main mode of program operation. If necessary the option of depth to time conversion is used via distribution of the vertical velocities. The volumetric distribution of the migration velocities for anisotropic heterogeneous geological medium is determined by calculating of two-dimensional or three-dimensional velocity spectra using surface seismic data. The results of seismic images construction for the Khrestishchensky area on the territory of the Dniper-Donetsk depression are considered.
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Study of the dynamic of magnetic field and soil magnetism along the Malniv-Nemyriv-Uhniv transect
Authors R. Kuderavets, O. Menshov, V. Maksymchuk and I. ChobotokSummaryThe study of the dynamic of the magnetic field is an important tool for the identification of regional tectonics active zones and faults. The main task of the present study is to identify the dynamic changes of the magnetic field, the deep structure and the latest tectonics in the junction zone of the Carpathian Foredeep and the East-European Platform. The genetic relation of the magnetic field with the oil and gas fields at the Carpathian region is considered. The significant changes of the local magnetic field and the occurrence of the dynamic magnetic anomalies of ΔΔT with the amplitude from −1.1 to 3.4 nT per year were registered. These anomalies are related to the deep faults (Carpathian Foredeep Fault, Rava-Ruska Fault). The results of soil magnetic studies distinguished three patches: the Southern part of the Carpathian Foredeep with higher MS values, the Carpathian Foredeep and transition to the Rava-Ruska Zone through the Gorodok fault with high dispersi on of the MS, the Lviv Paleozoic Depression with minor MS differentiation and low values. The results of the magnetic mineralogical analysis confirmed the presence of the significant amount of paramagnetic minerals in soils.
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Properties of acoustic axes in triclinic media
Authors Yu. Roganov, A. Stovas and V. RoganovSummaryWe derive the relations that describe the position of acoustic axes in a triclinic medium and their dependencies between these relations. It is shown that the five relations are necessary and sufficient for the description of all acoustic axes in any fixed coordinate system. The theory is demonstrated by two examples of the triclinic and orthorhombic media.
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Radon-prone Areas: the Ukrainian Shield case study
Authors T. Dudar, V. Verkhovtsev, Yu. Tyshchenko, L. Kyselevych and O. BuglakSummaryThe approach towards “radon-prone areas” is emphasized according to the European Basic Safety Standards requirements. Central Ukrainian Uranium Province is considered from the point of uranium geology and mining and radon-prone area view, where surveys indicate that the percentage of houses expected to exceed national reference levels is higher than in other parts of the country. The maximum amount of radon is established in the geodynamically active zones in overlapping rocks associated with new tectonic anomalies in parent rocks. The most hazardous are areas where new tectonic activation zones and uranium ore manifestations are met relatively close to the surface
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Supercomputer Modelling of Thermal Stabilization Processes of Permafrost Soils
Authors E. N. Akimova, M. Yu. Filimonov, V. E. Misilov and N. A. VaganovaSummaryThe paper is devoted to modelling of seasonal changes in permafrost soil under the climatic conditions that affect the formation of thermal fields in the ground. A model and algorithm for simulation of seasonal cooling systems and the effect of thermal stabilization of the soil is described. The parallel algorithm was developed and implemented on multicore processor using OpenMP technology. The numerical experiments illustrating the effectiveness of preliminary thermal stabilization of the soil under the base of the engineering structure are presented. The speedup of parallel algorithm was studied.
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Modeling and Forecasting flooded areas by means of geoinformation technologies
Authors O. I. Shyshenko, V. I. Zatserkovnyi and L.V. PlichkoSummaryThe use of modern methods of spatial analysis based on geo-information technologies (GIT) makes it possible to solve problems of accumulation, storage, updating and analysis of any spatial and/or temporal information, including hydrological, hydrogeological and engineering-geological. Possessing the ability to process such information, modern GIS allow building predictive models, creating scenarios of possible situations for quick and scientifically based decision making.The scientific rationale of geoinformation modeling and flood development forecasting to mitigate their negative impact using GIT is presented. The possibilities are presented and the main directions of the use of geo-information modeling in forecasting and visualization of flooding areas are shown.The use of ArcGIS software in algorithms of geoprocessing models for solving problems of flood forecasting as a tool for quick and visual express analysis is described.
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Parallel Implementation of the Conjugate Gradient Method for Solving the Inverse Gravimetry Problem on GPU
Authors E. N. Akimova, V. E. Misilov and M. A. SultanovSummaryThe paper is devoted to development and implementation of efficient parallel algorithm based on the conjugate gradient method for solving the nonlinear inverse potential problem of finding a boundary surface in two-layer medium. The algorithm uses the approximation of the Jacobian matrix of the integral operator based on dropping out the lesser elements and utilizing the Toeplitz-block-Toeplitz structure of the matrix. The parallel algorithm was implemented for the graphics processor using CUDA technology. The numerical experiments was carried out. Investigation of efficiency and speedup of the parallel algorithm was performed.
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Evolution of the paleostructures of the Kaniv dislocation by the results of morphometric investigations
Authors L. Tustanovska, V. Shevchuk, V. Zatserkovnyi and Y. KrucheniukSummaryThe morphometric maps that allowed revealing the stage and parameters of morphogenesis have been constructed, and a detailed scheme of tectonic evolution of the Kaniv dislocations has been developed demonstrating the high efficiency of the attraction of structural morphometry to a complex of geological study and mapping of complex regions in tectonics. By comparing and specifying the obtained results with the data of field geological and geomorphological observations, geological-structural and lithologic-stratigraphic data, five stages of the morphogenesis of the Kanev dislocations, which reflect their tectonic evolution, are established. The analysis of the results of structural and morphometric studies allowed determining the nature of the correlation of the relief with the tectonics of the region, to reflect the interconnection of exogenous and endogenous factors that influenced its development, to recreate the paleogeographical situation and the mode of develop ment of clay diapirism. Adapted the method of structurally-morphometric analysis to the GIS environment using spatial analysis and modeling, which allowed obtaining adequate models of various genetic surfaces of the paleo- and modern relief.
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Wind power stations construction at the mountain ecosystem – risk assessment and monitoring techniques
Authors O. Shevchenko and O. MenshovSummaryThe wind power stations are an important part of the green energy development. The aim of the present study is to investigate the nature and levels of the impact of wind power stations on the elements of the environment. As a testing site we selected the ridge of valley Borzhava in the Transcarpathia of Ukraine. There is under the negotiation the construction of 47 fifty-meter wind turbines with a capacity of 3–4 MW along. For the risk monitoring we attract geophysical and petrophysical measurements, geostatistical and geospatial analyses, remote sensing methods, and soil magnetism data. As a result we expect the determination of the electromagnetic fields, physical vibration and mechanical impact, including the effect of the sewage drainage facilities, acoustic waves, soil pollution and erosion, soil destruction, loss of the productive agricultural lands
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Gravitational monitoring substantiation by imitation modelling methods
Authors A.I. Tsiupiak, S.G. Anikeyev and B.B. HablovskyiSummaryThe methodology of gravitational monitoring imitation modelling is presented. The methodology of modelling makes it possible to determine the reflection character and intensity in the gravitational anomalies of spatial-temporal local changes in the densities structure distribution in the geological section and, conversely, to explore restore these changes, even small in size, from data about gravitational spatial-temporal local anomalies. The method of imitation modelling is a tool for assessing the ability high accuracy gravitational monitoring solve complex tasks of prognosis of post-tech and natural ecologically dangerous processes such as karst formation, a rock massif integrity destruction or control over mineral deposits exploitation.
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Application of the geographic information system technologies in the geosystem planning process
Authors M. M. Prykhodko, V. V. Romaniuk, D. V. Kukhtar, I. L. Bodnaruk and N. L. KhmilSummaryThe necessity to preserve and restore the natural environment, to ensure the ecological security of geographical formations are the priority conditions for implementation of the dominant social paradigm – development in harmony with nature. The unit of management, planning and design of environmentally safe geographic formations is the river basin. During the process of planning and designing of the environmentally safe basin geosystems, it is necessary to take into account the criteria for the optimal relationship between geosystems, the formation of the mosaic structure of the day surface, and the restoration of biotic and landscape diversity. The application of GIS-technologies enables performing faster and more efficiently: 1) analysis of the structure of the basin and the conditions of its operation; 2) the design of optimal ratios of the geosystems within the basin; 3) the design of a crop rotation system; 4) the design of the necessary ameliorative element s, a network of roads and other infrastructure components, and etc.
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GIS technologies for integrating cartographic materials into a single coordinate system
Authors O. Rodzinska, I. Perovych, L. Perovych and O. LudchakSummaryThe problem of using cartographic materials of various thematic directions, executed on different scales and coordinate systems, is extremely relevant, since, on the one hand, it allows to trace the dynamics of the phenomena and processes, and, on the other, to make substantiated decisions regarding the sustainable development of territories. The purpose of this study is to present the developed technology of integration of cartographic materials made in different epochs and in different coordinate systems into a single frame of reference. Research methods - systematic spatial analysis of cartographic materials, the possibility of using ArcGIS software and remote sensing data. The scientific novelty consists in developing a technological model of integrating cartographic materials into a single system. Practical realization of a theoretical research is carried out in a separate settlement during a process of land valuation works.
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Modeling of ore-magmatic system Sukumaland (Tanzania)
Authors V. Mykhailov and O. AndreevaSummaryBased on the interpretation of space imagery, in the western part of the metallogenic province of Lake Victoria in Tanzania the Sukumaland ore-magmatic system of concentric-zonal structure has been distinguished. It is formed by a group of arched greenstone belts (GSB) and associated gold deposits. They form two arc-like branches: the internal and external branch, differing in their composition and structure. The internal arc is represented by the Rwamagaza and Kahama GSB with gold deposits of Tulawaka, Buckreef, Mawe-Meru, Tembo, Bulyanhulu. The external arc is represented by Geita and Mabale-Buhungurica GSB with gold deposits of Ridge-8, Nyankanga, Geita, Matandani, Kukuluma, Nyanzaga, Kitongo, Golden Ridge. Their huge gold potential (over 50 million ounces of gold) stipulates for the urgency of the study of this gigantic structure. The most interest is the kernelpart of the ore-magmatic system, where occurrences of volcanism and gold or other mineral deposits ha ven’t been indicated yet, but a tectonic pattern of its structural elements indicates its significant ore potential. It is assumed that the ore-magmatic system has originated and evolved as result of a complex multi-stage ore-magmatic process under the influence of upward flows of deep fluids due to the long-term functioning of a zone with anomalously heated mantle in that area. During further geological explorations it is recommended to take into account the predicted availability of a common integrated sustained ore-magmatic system and their structural features.
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Development of the tool to construct trend diagrams of shifted atomic ratios intended for chemical classification of metasomatic rocks
Authors A.V. Andreyev and V.A. SinitsynSummaryMethodology is presented and diagrams as a tool were at first proposed to perform classification of metasomatites based on chemical characteristics. The publication contains the definitions of classification categories (object, subject and criteria) for metasomatic rocks. The technique of plotting is described and application examples of the diagrams are presented. Besides that, the requirements to initial data and limitations of usage for the proposed diagrams are pointed.
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Microtopography of the zircon crystal faces as essential component in modeling of the mineral formation process
More LessSummaryThe results of the microtopography study of the zircon crystals surface from different geosystems are presented.
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Geoinformation Support of Increase of Efficiency of Soil Cleaning from Petroleum Pollution
Authors O.K. Tiapkin, A.L. Lozovyi, A.O. Burlakova and P.H. PihulevskyiSummaryThe paper discuss geophysical possibilities of increase of geoinformation support monitoring the petroleum contamination inside and nearby of large working industrial enterprises for effective clearing of soil and ground waters. It's CLEANSOIL – new very simple and cost-efficient modern technology to enable in-situ treatment of ecologically dangerous hydrocarbons in soil, especially targeted for large polluted areas of working industrial enterprises with minimum site (and technological process) disturbance. The monitoring with detailed 3D modeling of the polluted sites is necessary for effective application of CLEANSOIL. It is possible at use of the modern technology of electro-tomography, which essentially raises accuracy and speed of geophysical possibilities of monitoring of soil and ground water pollution both in horizontal and in vertical directions. If only classical vertical electrical sounding is possible (because of conditions of the working industrial enterprise) the author's algorithm of recalculation of the data for electro-tomography is offered
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Geoinformation support of effective water resources management of coal mining regions of south eastern Ukraine
Authors V. G. Andrieiev, L. B. Anisimova, A. O. Burlakova, O. K. Tiapkin and Yu. S. KravtsovSummaryOne of the main priorities of Ukrainian national ecological strategy is establishment of integrative water resources management in old industrial regions (and first of all in coal mining regions – 26 % territory of Ukraine, where the biggest consumers of water are located) for their preservation and reproduction. The problem has increased in South Eastern Ukraine since 2014, because of military operations in main territory of the Donbas and corresponding great increase in coal production in Western Donbas. The most pressing environmental problems in natural waters of Western Donbas are pollution of rivers with insufficiently purified industrial effluent (~14 millions m3 / per year of highly mineralized mine waters – up to 7 g/dm3) and, as a result, a decrease in the ability of aquatic ecosystems to self-purify and self-repair. Some options for the use and minimization of negative impact of mine waters on natural water bodies (incl. removal of the waters beyond the boundaries of Western Donbas to river Dnipro, saline lake Sivash, Black Sea and Azov Sea) were estimated with integrated databases. The advantages and disadvantages of these options are revealed. Only complex use of these schemes is necessary for effective integrative water resources management of south eastern Ukraine
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Optimization of method for gas-dynamic research of wells
Authors A.O. Trubenko and N.V. DubeiSummaryThe rational system of development gas fields and the operation of underground gas storage facilities are directly dependent on the amount of information received from each well, i. e. the degree of study productive formation. The most important sources of information about the gas layer and the wells of gas field are the gas-dynamic methods research of wells. The research results are processed by binary equation of gas flow to the well bottom. The coefficients of filtration resistance determined in the research process are used in the future to calculate the technological operating conditions of well and gas-dynamic calculations of options for development gas deposits or cyclic operation in UGS. Studies are conducted at four or six steady state modes. However, carrying out such complex of studies for operating gas fields and UGS with the number of wells 100–300 or more due to certain difficulties. First, they require a high cost of working time and a partial declin e in productivity of deposit or UGS; and secondly, the reliability of determination research parameters is often low due to incomplete stabilization of well operation mode. The article proposes an accelerated method of research for gas wells in steady-state regimes using the power formula of gas flow to the well bottom. The application of this method to gas deposits and underground gas storage facilities of Precarpathian has made it possible to significantly accelerate the research process in wells without substantial reducing the reliability of their results.
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Remote monitoring of winter crops' development using the satellite data
Authors P.I. Trofymenko, N.V. Trofimenko, S.I. Veremeenko and O.A. FurmanetsSummaryThe article presents the results of research of the using of satellite images of Sentinel 2A to monitor the development and assessment of the condition of winter wheat and winter rape on sod-podzolic soils under the conditions of Ukraine's Western Polissya. For these purposes, channels with a range of 0. 4 - 2. 5 μm were informative, on the basis of which the vegetative indices NDVI and RNDVI were calculated. It was shown, that the data obtained from the photos of the main stages of the organogenesis during the autumn-winter period of the studied cultures can determine: the area of damaged crops, habitats with different levels of mineral nutrition of plants, doses for nitrogen fertilization and the predicted levels of yield. It was established that the average value of the NDVI index (0.47–0.52), which corresponds to the average value of nitrogen fertilizers, is the starting value for the calculation of the nitrogen fertilizer dose for the winter whea t test fields.
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Evaluation of the Kalush mineral complex dangerous influence on the groundwater and the Dnister river basin pollution
Authors U.O. Dzoba, S.M. Bagriy and E.D. KuzmenkoSummaryThe paper examines underground and surface waters pollution problem at the Kalush Mining Complex in the Carpathian region territory. The aquifer salinity estimation using the geophysical methods is carried out. The regional direction components of the groundwater movement, the mineralization propagation and the hydrogeological connection of the aquifer with the river basin degree are established. Rivers Limnytsia and Dnister pollution risk estimation on the basis of the quantitative characteristics of the main sources of pollution (tailing ponds, accumulating reservoirs, saline removal and quarry) is given.
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The causes of the negative results of drilling wells in the cretaceous deposits of the outer zone of the Pre-Carpathian foredeep
Authors A. P. Boiko, I. R. Mykhailiv and M. O. KarpenkoSummaryDespite the fact that in the outer zone of the Pre-Carpathian foredeep, are drilled a significant number of wells in the Mesozoic sediments (including Cretaceous sediments), today there are revealed a small number of fields. In this article we describe the causes of lack of inflow of oil (negative results of drilling) in the Cretaceous sediments.
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The application of the PRMS-SPE standard to geo reserves of oil and gas in Ukraine
Authors I. R. Mykhailiv and M. O. KarpenkoSummaryThe PRMS-SPE is one of the leading international systems for the assessment of hydrocarbon reserves and resources, according to which their categories and classes are distinguished by the degree of study of deposits (reliability), the expected economic effect of their development and the state of existing wells. The calculation of hydrocarbon reserves of the gas field according to the PRMS-SPE criteria has been performed and a comparison of the results with the requirements of the Classification of Mineral Reserves and Resources of the State Subsoil Fund has been performed. It is established that the calculated volumes of hydrocarbons are to a certain extent comparable in size, but are redistributed among themselves by different groups and categories, and reserves/resource reporting for these two standards is fundamentally different, as determined by the differences in approaches to categorization and establishing the boundaries for which the inventory is calculate d.
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Morphology and peculiarities of formation of coal seams of the lower part of the coal formation of the Lviv-Volyn Basin
Authors M. M Matrofailo and M. D. KorolSummaryThe paper states the results of studies of the formation and morphological features, decomposition in particular, of the Visean υ03 and Serpukhovian υ6 coal seams of the deep horizons of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin. It was detected that accumulation of initial organic matter of the seam υ03 at the Kovel coal-bearing area was dependent on inherited tectonic valley-like lowering of latitudinal stretching. A new type of the peat accumulation characteristic of platform Carboniferous coal-bearing formations located directly on erosional surface of the Pre-Carboniferous formations of different age was established for the basin for the first time. It appears that the coal seam υ6 was formed within the limits of subaerial deltaic plain where the most favourable conditions for accumulation of peat bogs existed in the mouth parts of the delta located on the intermouth spaces among and under the influence of great paleohydrographical systems. The delta-type peat accumulatio n was determined for that seam for the first time.
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The regional thermobaric trap for mantle hydrocarbons in the crystalline crust of the Ukrainian NW Black Sea sector
Authors V. Korchin and O. RusakovSummaryThe deep seismic sounding studies on the northwestern Black Sea shelf have delineated 2 low-velocity zones (LVZs) in the crystalline crust at depths of 6–16 km. For the first time, a novel thermobaric mechanism is developed for their formation in this area. The LVZs are mainly associated with the thermal decompaction of rocks that is not compensated by geostatic pressure. The rocks of such zones are characterized by an increase in fracturing and porosity and decrease in density, elastic parameters and thermal conductivity. As the rocks are permeable and hygroscopic they are able to more freely pass, absorb and localize deep hydrocarbon-bearing fluids which, in turn, further destroy the integrity of the crystalline crust. The occurrence of hydrocarbons within the LVZs is corroborated by the occurrence of about 3000 active gas seeps and 8 gas and gas condensate fields in this area. The LVZs are first revealed to be spatially and genetically related to a mantle degass ing tube with which hydrocarbon fields are associated. They can be recommended as perspective target for the prospect and exploration of commercial hydrocarbon accumulations. This substantially allows us to expand the hydrocarbon budget of the NW shelf in using modern sophisticated drilling technology.
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Gas pipeline surface subsidence dynamics within Kalush-Golyn salt deposit
Authors U. O. Dzoba, K. O. Burak, E. D. Kuzmenko, S. M. Bagriy, V. V. Kostiv and M. Y. HrynishakSummaryThe territory subsidence problem within the worked out mine field Khotin Kalush-Golyn potassium salt deposit is given in the paper. Methods of research -high-precision geodetic leveling and radar interferometry. According to the geodetic observations interpretation results a predicted subsidence trough was obtained. The presence of a subsidence fading stage of a spent mining mass within the Khotin mine, where the gas pipeline is located, has been confirmed. An estimation of longitudinal stresses from the main gas pipeline bending has been carried out by analyzing the spatial curvature radii.
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Method of seismic events hypocenters relocation for central Ukraine
More LessSummaryThe technique of seismic events hypocenters relocation for central Ukraine (particularly for the Middle Southern Bug subregion (so called Pobuzhzhya)) based on the calculated local seismological travel-time tables is presented. For this on the results of the analysis of lithosphere velocity structure of studied subregion, including on the regional DSS sections, a “balanced” averaged horizontally-layered velocity model of the upper lithosphere (the crust and upper mantle – depth 0–60 km) was built. On the basis of this model, a “family” of calculated local seismological travel-time tables (called by us Pobuzhskyy (Pb″)) of the first arrivals of seismic waves for different depths of foci was built. In this case, the “fastest” wave propagation rays for different depths of foci and epicentral distances of up to 500 km as well as corrections for the Earth's sphericity were determined and taken into account. The calculated travel-time tables are used for the refinemen of hypocenter of local seismic events (earthquakes, explosions in quarries and mines, etc.). The efficiency of the constructed travel-time tables is estimated in comparison with the Jeffreys “standard” averaged local travel-time tables used to date for this subregion.
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Metadata of the geophysical data sources in the Czech Republic: Case study in the IGN
Authors Z. Kaláb, D. Čápová, O. Moravcová and L. KondrováSummaryGeophysical data are used in many sectors of human activity but so far have only been discoverable and accessible in a limited way within the frame of international scientific networks. By approving the INSPIRE directive (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe), the EU member states have committed themselves to provide access to digital geoscientific spatial data with a unified metadata description (see http://inspire. ec. europa. eu/). Therefore, an individual topic has been set up within the CzechGeo/EPOS project to enable the provision of geophysical data in the Czech Republic.
In the first phase, an inventory of the geophysical data resources maintained by eight institutions of the CzechGeo consortium has been created. All types of data and information were taken into account: structured and unstructured digital data, paper documents, primary documentation. The relevant data resources were subsequently described by structured metadata (according to the INSPIRE requirements) which is accessible through the Czech National INSPIRE Geoportal (https://geoportal. gov. cz/) . Each metadata record contains basic information about the data as well as information about possible ways of accessing this data.
In this way, geophysical data are more visible, reusable across institutions and, at the same time, under control of their provider in terms of licensing and updates.
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Mapping of landscape roughness in Carpathian region
Authors A. E. Khil, Yu. I. Velikodsky, V. I. Zatserkovnyi and V. A. YaroshynskyiSummaryThe work is devoted to the quantitative calculation of surface roughness on the basis of SRTM digital elevation models (DEMs) using Python programming language. We used three methods for calculating the surface roughness: standard deviation of elevation, median differential slope and standard deviation of differential slope. We compare the effectiveness of the last two methods for baselines 2 and 8 pixels, the distance between the points 60 and 240 m, respectively. The results of the research are maps of roughness of the Earth's surface on different scales.
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Geometric deformation of the Earth's lithosphere figure and its dynamic interpretation
Authors O. M. Shylo, Ye. O. Shylo, A. L. Tserklevych and I. M. BubniakSUMMARYThe planetary dynamics of secular changes of the Earth's shape that is determined on the base of approximation of the lithosphere surface heights that are changing during geological epochs by biaxial and triaxial ellipsoids are investigate in the dissertation. The computer modeling of lithosphere surface heights (DEMs) for different geological epochs was made on the basis of two geopaleoreconstructions models. The performed investigations of the Earth's lithosphere figure reorientation as a result of dynamic mass redistribution allow revealing certain regularities of structure-forming processes.
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Black sea level change monitoring using altimetry data and geo-information technologies
Authors V. I. Zatserkovnny, Y. V. Babych, V. Yu. Belenok, G. A. Frolov and L. V. Hebryn-BaydiSUMMARYThe article examines the experience and possibilities of using Earth remote sensing and Geo-information Technologies (GIT) for the study of the change in the average level of the Black Sea in order to study the general tendencies of sea level elevation and the possibility of preventing the negative effects of the local increase in the level of the sea surface in the future. The methods of information processing used in the analysis of satellite altimetry data using GIT are formulated. Black Sea surface level anomalies is examined in merged all satellite altimetry missions data from 2008 to 2018.
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Porosity structure prediction from conventional sonic well logs on the base of synthetic samples computed by Prodaivoda-Maslov's method
More LessSUMMARYThe paper aims demonstration of the ML applicability to the problem of rock porosity structure studying by the combination of sonic and density well logs. The experimentally estimated efficiency of popular ML methods for the problem is discussed. In the test we used artificial samples of randomly generated structure with the well log parameters computed by Prodaivoda-Maslov's method of the direct problem solving.
Among the many known algorithms of ML, we selected for the study several ones which are popular and supported by standard Python libraries K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LRM), a feed forward artificial neural network Multilayer Perceptron (in both the classification form MLPC and the regression form MLPR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (ID3) and Random Forest (Forest).
We subdivided the problem by independent sub-problems of estimation the concentration of different aspect ratio inclusions a1 cracks (10-3: disks), a2 micro cracks (10-2: disks), a3 pores (100: spheres), a4 caverns (102: streaks). To reconstruct simultaneously 4 unknown parameters we applied multi-task learning. Here represents results only for a1.
The classification algorithms performed generally worse in respect of MAE. Yet the error of about 5% was expected here because the classes were defined by 10% concentration intervals (0–10%, 10–20%, and so on). More interesting is their inability to identify right class. It is expressed by the accuracy score. The best classification algorithm MLPC leaded in both MAE and classification accuracy competitions. But its classification accuracy score is only 72. 4%.
The tests have demonstrated the ability of machine learning algorithms to estimate concentration of a known subtype inclusions on the base of sonic logs and density. The best regression algorithm, Random Forest, with its Mean Absolute Error MAE = 1. 7% in concentration provides excellent quality. Two other good reg ression algorithms demonstrate acceptable MAE < 5%.
It would be interesting to apply the ML methods to real core data. We invite for collaboration those who have access to core collections and the ability to execute more detailed analysis of the core porosity than usually.
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Classification of soils by their magnetic properties
Authors A.V. Suhorada and O.V. KruglovSUMMARYOne of the methodological problems that prevent the full use of the potential of pedomagnetic research is the lack of effective classification of soils for their magnetic properties. In this study, a genetic classification of soils based on their magnetic properties, based on the nature of soil magnetics, is proposed. Two main taxa are allocated. Data on the magnetic properties of soils, caused by terrigenous magnetісs, is mainly a subject of geological studies. Such soils reflect the structure of the geological site as a whole. So capametry of the upper soil horizon of the first type is effective for solving a number of problems of geological mapping and exploration of many minerals. The magnetic properties of the soils of the second taxа are due to the course of pedogenesis. They are of great importance for indicating the soil-forming process, identifying the heterogeneity of the soil. Particular importance of data on the magnetic properties of soils have bee n shown in the indication of erosion processes. А significant number of soils will contain magnetism carriers belonging to both groups, that is, they are “hybrid”. This study is preliminary, it should be considered as a necessary step for the classification of soils for their magnetic properties.
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