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18th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 13-16, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 15 May 2019
51 - 100 of 142 results
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Study of the factors of formation of groundwater levels within the rural settlements of the Tatarbunary district
Authors O. Miedviedieva and O. DyniakSUMMARYThe issue of changing groundwater levels within the Tatarbunary district of the Odessa region, which are used for water supply of settlements, is considered. The state (groundwater levels, mimic composition) was studied, the areas of flooding were identified in 1982 and 2004, and the factors and factors of the occurrence of a dangerous ecological phenomenon within the region were determined.
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Development of the rocks fracturing model on the Carpathian region example
Authors I.V. Artym, S. S. Kurovets, T.V. Zderka, A.V. Yarema and I.M. KurovetsSUMMARYThe proposed model will allow evaluating the fracturing of the sandy seams, taking into account geodynamic processes. The model is based on the fact that the main factor in the formation of the original fracturing is stress-deformation state of the rocks during the period of active geodynamic processes. The mechanical properties of the Carpathian rocks are processed for such estimation. Samples of rocks were selected according to stratigraphy, lithology and depth. Sediments of Cretaceous system, Paleogene and Neogene take part in a geological structure of the territory. Age of rocks, lithology and depth are taken into account when sampling for further research, because these parameters can change the mechanical properties of rocks. The 2D finite element model is developed, that model will demonstrate the dependence of fracture strength on the geometric characteristics of a sandstone seam within the anticline. The results of these studies will make it possible to be tter predict the high permeability zones for the epigenetic reservoirs formation. This will allow conducting the secondary explorations of the oil and gas fields.
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The Oil and Gas Potential Objects of Krukenychi Depression (according to the data of geological and gravity modeling)
Authors N.P. Khovanets, S.S. Kurovets, S.H. Anikeev, T.V. Zderka and A.V. YaremaSUMMARYThe scientists of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (IFNTUOG) have identified the number of local elevations with which the oil and gas prospects of the deeply buried horizons within Krukenychi subzone of Bilche-Volytsia zone of the Precarpathian Depression should be associated. These findings are based on the results of the data analysis performed by means of gravity measurements and seismic investigations. The recommendations regarding the prospecting drilling and further research of the selected objects are provided.
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Application of geophysical methods in the study of landslides
Authors S. Vyzhva, V. Onyshchuk, I. Onyshchuk, M. Reva and O. ShabaturaSUMMARYThe paper discusses the results of the study of landslide processes by geophysical methods. In examining of landslides it is important to find out the features of their structure but it should always remember that landslides, as a rule, have the various combination of contrasted boundaries sometimes with a high gradient of physical properties. Analysis of landslide blocks various types suggests that it is not always possible to obtain reliable and sufficient information using just one geophysical parameter. Therefore, to study landslides, it is expedient to use a set of geophysical methods and to determine complex indicators. The study of landslide processes is one of the most difficult tasks for engineering geophysics, because the researches must be performed on rather steep slopes with physical heterogeneous of slip area. Size of study area (commonly used a lateral lengths of landslide) is usually limited, which the standard geophysical methods had thereby been m ade more difficult. In this paper there is an example, we present some results of geophysical studies performed in the district of Vytachiv. Geophysical methods are proved to be efficient for studying landslides.
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Use remote sensing for estimation hydropower potential of the rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors O. Obodovskyi, O. Pochaievets, O. Lukianets, V. Onyschuk and O. KryvetsSUMMARYThe possibilities of using the data of remote sensing of the Earth for the establishment of hydropower potential on the rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathians are considered. Describes the main stages of work. The first is the collection of initial spatial and attributive information on the natural conditions, the orography and morphometry of the catchment, characteristics of runoff of rivers and protected areas within catchment areas. It is important to note that all work was done using data that is open access for scientific purposes. The use of geospatial information to establish the hydropower potential of the Ukrainian Carpathian Rivers is primarily the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and the ASTER GDEM with a resolution of 30m per pixel for creating a digital elevation model (CMV) and a set of raster and vector layers morphometric and stock information on river basins. Remote sensing data, namely satellite imagery, such as satellites such as Landsat and Sentinel , were used to specify the lengths of the rivers, their leaks and the mouth sections, to update the state of the channels, and to identify the places of influence of water management activities. The second stage is the systematization and processing of data, the choice of methods and tools for geoinformation analysis. The calculations and analysis were carried out using a comprehensive software product that is also openly accessible, namely QGIS, Saga and GRASS.
The third stage is the visualization of the results obtained in the form of multi-layered river network maps, rivers catchment limits, the network of in-situ monitoring of the drainage of water (hydrological stations), maps of the average multi-year drainage water flow in the rivers of the basins of the Ukrainian Carpathians and maps of hydropower potential.
The algorithm of using remote sensing tools and geoinformation analysis for the establishment of hydroelectric potential of Mountain Rivers is developed.
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Peculiarities of correlation of seismicity of basic seismogenic zones of Ukrainian Transcarpathians with the phases of cycles of solar activity
Authors L.Ye. Nazarevych and A.V. NazarevychSUMMARYThe correlation of earthquakes of the Ukrainian Transcarpathians with K≥7 for 1962–2017 with four phases (minimum, growth, maximum, falling) of 11-year cycles of solar activity (SA) was studied, separately for two zones with different geodynamic mode (extension and compression). It was found that the relatively large (with a factor J=1.93) number of earthquakes in zone of extension occurred in the falling phase of the SA, and in the compression zone this occurred in the phases of growth and maximum (with a factors J=1.14 and J=1.47 respectively). The correlation of stronger (tangible, with M≥2) earthquakes of the Ukrainian Transcarpathians with variations of solar activity was also studied. The analysis was carried out for the whole subregion using A. Gusev's method. It was found that the largest numbers of earthquakes fall on the maximum phases (this is typical for earthquakes of various magnitude ranges (with M=2–2.9 and M≥3)) and on the falling phases (for earthquakes with M=2–2.9) of 11-years SA cycles. The peculiarities of seismotectonics of the Ukrainian Transcarpathians as potential factors of the formation of such statistically appreciable correlations were analyzed.
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Solution of the inreverse problem of electrometry oil and gas wells (on the example of the BKZ + BK + IK complex)
More LessSUMMARYNew method of solving the inverse problem of electrometry of wells is proposed. The method is based on the ability to change the weight of each tool when comparing field logs and calculated logs. It is shown that the method allows solving the inverse problem for layers with a small penetration zone. The method has been tested on a large volume of model logs and well logs. Examples are given for real wells.
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Problem of equivalence in inverse electrometry problems of oil and gas wells
More LessSUMMARYThe method of researching and construction areas for correct solutions of inverse problems is described. The method uses the possibility of constructing a connection between the space of the solutions of the inverse problem and the space of the parameters of the model of the reservoir. Proposed method makes it possible to construct areas of equivalent solutions and to investigate the “blinds zones”. The method has been tested on a large volume of model logs and well logs. Examples are given for real wells.
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Influence of global warming on the groundwater resources of the Southern Bug River basin
Authors O. Shevchenko, V. Osadchiy, D.V. Charnyi, Y.A. Onanko and V.V. GrebinSUMMARYAt the catchment of the Southern Bug River in the mode of level and consumption of groundwater to the river clearly distinguish phases, which are explained by the influence of temperature on the infiltration of winter and summer precipitations. From 1980 to 2014 there was an increase of the groundwater flow. The most stable growth trend - from 1980 to 1998. At the same time, the influence of temperature was lower, but its growth causes an increase of groundwater infiltration provision (mainly due to winter thaw). Since 1999, the weight factor of the temperature influence on the drainage has increased significantly, but there has been a decrease in the trend of the average annual consumption of underground drainage. During the last 20 years the amplitude between the annual minima and the maximum peaks of groundwater flow to the river has significantly increased, and a rapid drop of its volumes in 2015–2016 has been observed. If the trends of the groundwater reserves expenses over time will be deepened, this will be reflected in the resources of potable pressurized groundwater of the region.
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Geological-and-structural 3-D modelling of Serhiivka complex Au-Mo deposit (Ukrainian Shield)
Authors V. V. Sukach, O. V. Hrinchenko, O. V. Voloshyn and D. S. VasiukhinaSUMMARYSerhiivka gold-molybdenum deposit is located in the southern part of the Solone ore field situated within Sura greenstone structure (greenstone belt) of Middle Dnipro Archean craton of Ukrainian Shield. The deposit consists of Mezoarchean (3,0-2,9 Ga) tholeiitic basalts and gabbro-dolerites metamorphosed at green-shiest facies, which are intruded by submeriodional Serhiivka subvolcanic body with associated dikes of dacites and rhyodacites. Gold-rich ore bodies, as well as molybdenum mineralization are predominantly found in metabasalts and metagabbro-dolerites, and locally, in felsic rocks that are treated to be the sources of ore-bearing fluids. 3-D modelling carried out has revealed some features of geological structure and distribution patterns of gold mineralization that are typical of the central part of the Serhiivka deposit. These features can be used while interpreting the geological structure of the deposit, as a whole, as well as distribution pattern of gold and molybdenum mineralization. It can result in rising of evaluation accuracy of ore reserves and will increase investment appeal of the complex gold-molybdenum Serhiivka deposit.
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About statistical simulation algorithm of dataset in 3-D area with spherical соrrelation function on Rivne NPP example
Authors Z. Vyzhva, V. Demidov and A. VyzhvaSUMMARYThe article is devoted to using methods of random fields in 3-D area statistical simulation (Monte Carlo methods) in environmental geophysical monitoring problems. A new effective algorithm has been devised to simulate random field in 3D area with spherical соrrelation function, based on spectral decomposition, for investigation of chalk layer density on Rivne NPP industrial area territory. It has been considered the problem of statistical simulation of “noise” for chalk layer density realizations as random fields in 3D space. It has been constructed the statistical model for the gauss random fields in three-dimensional space, with spherical соrrelation function. It has been received of random fields in 3-D area realization with spherical соrrelation function by using those models, formulating the algorithm and building programs.
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On Numerical Solution of Forward Gravity Problem for Ellipsoidal Models
Authors P. Martyshko, I. Ladovskii, D. Byzov and A. ChernoskutovSummaryWe propose an algorithm for solving the direct gravity problem for density models of tesseroidal shape. The algorithm is based on the approximation of such models by a set of polyhedra each with its own constant density and the calculation of the field for them. The formula of the gravitational field of an arbitrary polyhedron with a constant density is presented in a compact vector form, which makes it invariant with respect to the choice of a rectangular coordinate system. That fact favorably distinguishes the paper from the works of other authors. High-resolution field of the spherical density model (acquired by the authors in the previous works) of the Urals and adjacent territories has been calculated with the proposed method. The calculations were performed using multi-GPU parallel software implementation of the method.
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Application of modern geoinformation systems on the evaluation of military-political situation
Authors I. Tolok, I. Pampukha, P. Savkov, V. Zatserkovnyi, A. Lykianchuk and I. ShatkovskaSummaryIn order to increase the effectiveness of the monitoring and evaluation system of the state's military and political situation for the realization of national interests in the face of various types of threats, it is necessary to improve the models of the information-monitoring system of national security. In the absence of relevant scientific developments in Ukraine, the issue of constructing a model for monitoring and evaluating the information space remains relevant. Therefore, in the course of research, the use of the cluster spatiotemporal model is justified, which makes it possible to formalize masses of geospatial and attributive information. The use of the results of theoretical research will allow us to approach the development of a model for monitoring the information space of the security and defense sector. The necessity of model development, estimation and forecasting of the military-political situation and the development of models and methods for its assessment and forecasting in the interests of carrying out strategic operations by the state apparatus and the Armed Forces of Ukraine are determined. The article deals with the essence, content and problem issues of the use of modern geographic information systems for assessing the military-political situation.
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Results of Stationary Thermal Fields modeling for Urals region
Authors P. Martyshko, I. Ladovskii, D. Byzov and A. TsidaevSummaryAuthors present results of stationary thermal fields modeling. Thermal production and thermal conductivity models are constructed. To calculate thermal production recalculation of density model using known correlation between density and thermal production was used. 3D thermal production model was constructed for the Urals region. For the thermal conductivity there is no such a correlation and no visible relation between density and thermal conductivity exists. Authors took piecewise constant function, which is obtained by rock examples, and used it for layerwise construction of 3D model of crustal distribution of thermal conductivity. On the last stage mantle component of heat flux is calculated and comparison to a map of tectonic structures is performed. Agreement of recalculated thermal anomalies with mantle boundary is more informative than with the map of tectonic zoning. This is understandable since different factors of physical nature are involved into formi ng of thermal and gravity fields of Earth's crust. All elements that are required for evaluation of mantle heat flux are taken into account by authors in the process of 3D velocity and density models construction. Inner consistency of the results obtained by gravity and thermal fields doesn't disagree with DSS data, which means that author's method is effective.
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Open source GIS platform for water resource modelling: FREEWAT approach in the Bakumivka river irrigation-drainage network catchment, Ukraine
Authors D. Svidzinska and M. GrodzynskyiSummaryFree and Open Source Software Tools for Water Resource Management (FREEWAT) is a free and open source GIS-platform for planning and management of water resources, with specific attention to groundwater component. The platform capabilities were tested on the Bakumivka river irrigation-drainage network catchment, Ukraine. The main objective of the case study was to find out the optimal spatial distribution of the water supply to the farms located within the Bakumivka River's basin area by modifying of its landcover pattern. The FREEWAT approach has played an integrative role in the development and implementation of the model Bakumivka River's catchment case study. Modelling-obtained heads and water budgets were analyzed in order to understand and quantify the relations of the kind of landcover applied over the area and provide recommendations on land and water management. Future applications of the case study results are related to the further aggregation of spatio-t emporal data, and development of the more advanced scenarios.
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Using laser scanning and digital photogrammetry for creation of virtual geological outcrops: case studies from the west of Ukraine
Authors I. M. Bubniak, A. M. Bubniak, O. D. Gavrilenko, V. I. Nikulishyn and I. I. GolubinkaSummaryThe last two decades are characterized by the emergence of both new approaches and ideas and the development of new devices and software for the collection, processing and presentation of spatial information in the Earth sciences. By applying laser scanning and photogrammetry, we have the ability to create digital models of natural objects, including digital models of outcrops. The process of creating digital models involves collecting field data, processing and presenting data. The results obtained are used for further processing with the use of specialized software. Laser scanning and photogrammetry have both advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of laser scanning is its high performance and independence from weather. But it is an expensive method of research. The photogrammetric approach is much cheaper, its significant disadvantage is dependence on weather conditions. The created digital models of geological objects for the west of Ukraine (9 objects) and 3 for Eastern Kazakhstan have demonstrated their possibility for further use in order to obtain geological and structural information. With these models, it is possible to get information from previously unavailable places. Also, information is more complete than traditional field research methods.
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Modified Gardner equation for evaluation of rock density basing on velocity data for Dnipro-Donets depression
Authors O. Petrovskyy, T. Petrovska, A. Borozdina, M. Firman, I. Gafych and I. SolodkyySummaryBeing an important parameter for geophysical data interpretation, density is often poorly studied for many basins, both by core and log data. This is the case for Dnieper-Donets basin. Multiple projects on joint gravity and seismic inversion allowed authors to investigate interrelationship between P-wave velocity and density using Gardner equation, thus allowing to use sonic logs and VSP velocities to calculate formation density. Studies showed that Gardner coefficients differ much from the average values published in classic paper by Gardner et al. (1974 ). The paper presents modified Gardner equation, refined for productive Carboniferous and Devonian formations of Dnieper-Donets basin.
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The features of spessartine from Nani Hill (Loliondo, Tanzania)
Authors I. V. Kvasnytsia, O. V. Andreev, Yu. S. Skrylnikova and I. V. NaumenkoSummaryThe results of the crystallomorphological and chemical features study of the spessartine crystals from Nani Hill, Loliondo, Tanzania are presented.
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Research of pore space structure features for productive low-resistance carboniferous reservoir at Dniprovsko-Donetska depression
More LessSummaryThe problem of constructing petrophysical dependences for reservoir rocks of complex structure with abnormal electrical properties is considered. The results of studying porous space structure and filtration-capacitive parameters at rock-collectors with complex structure by the method of mercury porosimetry in oil and gas deposits DDD are given. According to the results of research petrophysical interconnections have been obtained using the GWL data for pure granular quartz collectors and sandstones with abnormal electrical properties.
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Methodological fundamentals of remote sensing integration and expert data for displaying the state of mining territories
Authors A.V. Khyzhniak and V. RailkoSummaryThe work outlined the methodological basis for the integration of Sentinel-2 images and ground-based expert data to display the state of mining areas in four load levels: light, medium, moderate and heavy. To assess the state of the mining areas, an algorithm was developed based on the landscape-system approach and automated interpretation of satellite images using the statistical criterion method. The proposed algorithm was tested on the territory of the Nikopol mining region using a multispectral atmospheric and radiometrically corrected Sentinel-2A image and ground-based statistical data. As a result, a map of the technogenic load of the study area was obtained. Evaluation of the accuracy of the results shows that the integration of remote sensing and ground-based expert data using the proposed algorithm is very promising for assessing the state of mining areas. The proposed algorithm for using data will provide objective, reliable and operative information for all interested parties, including those responsible for the ecological state and mining areas.
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Improving the algorithm of satellite images landscape interpretation
Authors V. Trysnyuk, V. Okhariev, T. Trysnyuk, O. Zorina, A. Kurylo and C. RadlowskaSummaryThe possibilities of automated landscape interpretation of space images of investigated Territeria are investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of automated image processing and problems that arise in the process of landscape contouring in pictures are considered.
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Problems of waste management system formation in Ukraine
Authors S.Y. Bortnyk, T.M. Lavruk and L.M. TymuliakSummaryThe article analyzes legislative base in the field of waste management and the structure of waste generation by types of economic activity in Ukraine and underlines the importance of forming a waste management system for monitoring and preventing modern unfavorable natural and man-made processes at all levels of land use, from local to national. The focus is on the need for joint participation of specialists from different sectors - scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs, lawyers, educators, local authorities and citizens in the establishment of a waste management system. In this regard, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv initiated an eco-project “Geographical aspects of waste management system formation in Ukraine” which aimed at identifying sources and waste streams, assessing the impact of existing classes of waste on natural landscapes and processes, determining the optimal spatial infrastructure for waste management and ways of revitalization of industrial zones, as well ascreating a geoinformation system for waste monitoring and management in Ukraine.
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Geoinformation analysis and modelling groundwater conditions within the Ivano-Frankivsk region (Ukraine)
Authors L. Davybida and B. KarpinskyiSummaryThe purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for the regional analysis, modelling and assessment of the conditions of groundwater resources formation using GIS. The studied area is the Ukrainian Precarpathians (Ivano-Frankivsk region). In order to achieve the purpose, the materials on the conditions of the groundwater formation in the Ivano-Frankivsk region were analyzed, the structure of the appropriate geodatabase was developed and its filling was made in the GIS MapInfo environment, the geoinformation analysis of the hydrogeological parameters was carried out and the assessment of their interdependence was made. Analysis of the landslide localizations in relation to the structural units of the hydrogeological zoning allowed to establish certain patterns in the spatial intensity of the landslides associated with the spread of the certain types of mountain and plain landscape-hydrogeological complexes.
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Formational basis of the theory for information support of geological activity
SummaryThe elaboration of a theory for information support of R&D, connected with geological medium management (ISRDGMM) in necessary in relation to global trend of digital, technological and social-economic transformation of the world community functioning. The purpose of investigation is to present theories principles of information supervision (support) for investigations and works on geological medium management.
The methodology is based upon the introducing a formation analysis into all phases of ISRDGMM. The introducing of this methodology resulted in development of predictive-reconstructive geological information complex for modeling of geological medium management. This complex comprises three cognitive–functional levels: general methodological basis, target oriented methodological-methodic elaboration and methodic ISRDGMM complex. The novelty of this scientific approach consists in presenting a new approach for ISRDGMM basing upon specific theoretic schemes considering formational algorithms. Authors consider this scheme as universal one, controlling all the areas of mankind geological activity.
The realization of theoretic principles has been demonstrated by a number of specific examples of author's projects, aimed at main directions of geological medium use and protection (useful minerals use, underground and nearsurface repositories construction and exploitation, mining and polluted territories management, etc. The prospects of ISRDGMM theory further development are marked in.
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Calculation of fluorescence flux from individual microcrystals of minerals of simple form
Authors E.V. Meshcheryakova, A.V. Andreyev, A.L. Bunkevich and S.E. ShnyukovSummaryThe derivation of formulas for the calculation of fluorescence fluxes of chemical elements in microcrystals of minerals of simple form (parallelepiped) is given. Such calculations are necessary for the development of a technique for quantitative XRF determination of the content of trace elements in accessory minerals using the internal standard method. The example of fluorescence flux calculation for Ce and Th in monazite is given.
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Deep Geoelectrical Researches of the Tarasivskiy and Troyankivskiy Metabasite Massives of Golovanivsk Suture Zone
Authors A. M. Kushnir, T. K. Burakhovych, B. I. Shyrkov and V. A. IlyenkoSummaryThe results of the three-dimensional modeling of the Tarasivskiy and Troyankivskiy Metabasite Massives of the Yatran’ block of the Golovanivsk Suture Zone (GSZ) showed that these structures in the geological boundaries do not manifested in the anomalous conductivity (σ). But the fault zones, that outlines and crosses them, are complex anomalous objects both in ground plan and depth. In geoelectrical terms, the current structures of two massives are significantly different. So Tarasivskiy massive is sublatitudinally crossed by high conductivity zones with different resistivity (ρ), allocated at three depth levels: 0 – 100 m from 10–250 Ohm•m; 2–7 and 7–10 km with ρ = 10–250 Ohm•m. While anomalous objects of the Troyankivskiy massive extend from north-west to south-east with a change of direction to sublatitudinal in the eastern part of the area. The conductivity structures of the Troyankivskiy massive are allocated at four depth levels: 0 - 100 and 150 - 20 0 m with ρ = 5–100 Ohm•m; 2–4 and 4–10 km with ρ = 50, 250 Ohm•m. The unifying feature of the two structures is the manifestation of low values of ρ from 5 to 100 Ohm•m precisely in their geological boundaries. The high electrical conductivity can be explained by the special composition of the earth's crust (graphitization, sulfidization, etc.) or fluidization of various origins. Increasingly, according to the latest data, the nature of the anomalies is considered as the result of the joint influence of the electron and ion types of electrical conductivity.
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Software tool for calculating the content of Rb and Sr in selected potassium mica crystals by the internal standard method
Authors A.V. Andreyev, O.A. Lisova, I.V. Virshylo and S.E. ShnyukovSummaryAn algorithm and a program for calculating the content of rubidium and strontium in individual crystals of potassium micas are described, based on the measured X-ray fluorescence fluxes of potassium, iron, rubidium and strontium and the known content of potassium and iron.
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About Scientific Computing within Python and Jupyter Notebook
Authors A.I. Yakimchik and S.O. ShabaturaSummaryJupyter Notebook is a web-based application that allows you to write and comment on Python code interactively. This is a valuable mean to experiment, to do research, and to share your results with others. Increasingly, many researchers use this computing environment in their researches.
In a brief second form highlights the key reasons for the growing popularity of the Python programming language and project Jupyter. According to the company TIOBE, which collects monthly statistics of search queries and, based on the data obtained, compiles its own visualized ratings of programming language, the Python ranks 3rd grade in popularity among programming languages. He was chosen as the language of the year in 2007, 2010 and 2018.
Considered aspects of installing programs, libraries and packages in the Windows operating system. It is recommended to download and install libraries from the whl-file repository on the webpage by Christoph Gohlke Laboratory for Fluor escence Dynamics University of California. Demonstrated simplicity and efficiency of scientific computing in Jupyter Notebook. In particular, it is shown that the code for calculating the matrix size 5000x5000 takes only a few lines.
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The main features of the lithosphere structure along the PANCAKE profile in the context of geodynamics of the Carpathian-Pannonian region
Authors A. Murovskaya, T. Amashukeli, T. Yegorova, R. Bezuhlyi, A. Verpakhovska and M. NakapelukhSummaryThe Carpathian-Pannonian region is traditionally interpreted as accretionary prism - back-arc basin system, although alternative models exist. This study presents balanced geological cross-section, crust tectonic model on base of seismic images obtained by migration method combined of the depth of asthenosphere along PANCAKE profile to understand geodynamics of study region. The geological cross-section shows thrust tectonics with significant horizontal NE displacements. A basal detachment of Carpathian allochthon locates at 12–15 km depths. Tectonic model by migration method shows pre-Alpine Carpathian basement at ~ 15 km in agreement with geological and balanced cross-sections. New seismic boundary within uppermost mantle dipping at low angle under the East European Craton (EEC) was obtained. It is associated with collision and thrusting of marginal part of ALCAPA lithosphere under EEC. The surface dipping in opposite direction could be associated with SW subdu ction was not found. The geometry of asthenosphere and gravity field allows localizing TESZ. Within TESZ maximum thickness of lithosphere beneath the Carpathians is observed, indicating a significant role of this lithospheric boundary in development of SW-margin of EEC and Ukrainian Carpathians. Lithosphere thinning under Pannonian Basin larger than crust thinning emphasizes the main role of mantle upwelling in evolution of Carpathian-Pannonian region.
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Alpha and beta-activities of sedimentary rocks of the Runovshchyna area as an indicator of the conditions of their origin
Authors S. Vyzhva, O. Shabatura, V. Onyshchuk and I. OnyshchukSummaryUnder petrophysical modeling, data of experimental determination of specific α- and β-activity and chemical composition of samples of Runovschyna area were used. Alpha-radiometry can be used to discriminate rocks of different lithology, and β-radiometry is more effective for age differentiation of formations. For reconstruction of the formation conditions should be applies such types: (1) Aα=1000–1500 (Bq/kg), Aβ=1800–2000 - type of rocks that undergone severe and deep weathering; (2) Aα=100–700, Aβ=200–1800 - type of mature sedimentary rocks, with a separate subtype with Aα=300–500, Aβ=600–800 that represented by sorted quartz sandstones; (3) Aα=300–1100, Aβ=600–1400 - type of argillite strata. Types 1 and 3 can be connected to the maternal layer of the kerogen, and type 2 is as a medium of migration and their accumulation.
Overlapping the ranges of radiometric characteristics of different types of rock requires further analysis and improvement.
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An Approach to Detect and Visualize the Anomalies based on GPR Data
Authors M. Ozkan Okay and R. SametSummaryGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique which is widely used to collect the data from near-surface part of underground. The use of GPR in the research and applications has been increasing recently. GPR data allow users to detect, analyze, visualize and interpret the underground structures easily and accurately. GPR is used for solving many problems related to the ground surveys, tunnels, archaeological excavations, geophysical applications, mining research, etc. The collected GPR data are made appropriate for interpretation of the underground structures by using different data processing techniques. The aim of this study is to propose the methodology to detect and visualize the anomalies based on GPR data. The proposed methodology was implemented on real GPR data. The obtained results showed that the proposed methodology allows users to detect and visualize underground anomalies with high accuracy.
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Geophysical online monitoring of copper ores for silver's detection at Kazakhmys Corporation LLC
Authors A. Nigmatullin, A.N. Kan, S. A. Yefimenko, V. Onyshchuk and O. ShabaturaSummaryThe paper discusses the results of methodological, instrumental and experimental investigations on solving the problem of effective geophysical online monitoring of copper-containing ore deposits. These deposits consist of the main (Cu, Pb, Zn) and related (Ag, Cd, Mo) ore's components so mining enterprises of Corporation Kazakhmys LLC developed an analysis and information system to provide controlled management of silver mining. The main problems are: low (from 1+ ppm) silver content in the ores of most deposits; complex elemental composition of ores; high (up to 7 m) faces' thick, which need to be tested with vertical sections (for example, deposits Zhezkazgan and Zhaman-Aybat). The basic research method is X-ray fluorescence method with such tools as the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers: portable RPT-12Т (34 elements) and laboratory RPP-21Т (31 elements). The majority of the measurements were performed using RPP-12T on samples: exploratio n well, reference hand pieces, coarsely ground car probes at the Zhezkazgan processing plant, powder geological samples and state standard reference samples of ores. The research results are tabulated with mandatory comparison of the data of the RPP-12T and RPP-21T spectrometers with the data of chemical analyzes. Studies have shown that the task of ensuring a controlled silver mining process in ores has been successfully solved: silver is effectively determined, starting with the contents of 1+ ppm.
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The technology of formal interpretation of deep geoelectrical parameters of the northern part of the Scythian Plate
By N. BriashkoSummaryMT/MV methods serve as a source of direct information on the presence of anomalies of electrical conductivity and geoelectrical parameters of the crust and upper mantle. Deep point MTS village Ridne locates in the northern part of the Scythian Plate. The qualitative characteristic of the experimental data suggests to possible presence of a conductor with S = 3000 – 4000S. Results of 1D- inversion indicate the existence of an anomalous zone with ρ = 100 Ohm∙m. The total longitudinal conductivity of the sedimentary strata along the ascending branches ρп reaches over 400 S. An analysis of the magnetic-variation responses shows a complex three-dimensional situation in the deep part of the Sivas through, that correspond to surface and deep electrical conductivity anomalies. This question needs to solve by three-dimensional modeling.
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Regional geostatistical analysis of the atmogeochemical field of the central part of Northern Ukraine with the briochemical indication
Authors Yu. Tyutyunnik, J. Daunis-i-Estadella, O. Shabatura, O. Blum, A. Onyschenko and A. BuninaSummaryThe biogeochemical indication of atmospheric pollution in the central part of northern Ukraine is based on the use of moss P. schreberi species. The sampling system provided an empirical reference the moss sample data to a particular physical and geographical zone. Data on the content of chemical elements were analysed with centered ternary charts. Results made it possible to form a mutual hyperspace of geochemical factors and signs for its subsequent interpretation. The leading factor of the briogeochemical indication is air pollution by a large dust of natural terrigenous and man-caused origin. Second factor connected with a finely dispersed man-caused-condensation aerosols impact; the third factor is identified by the behavior of titanium and vanadium as the effect of heat and power (TPP, boiler room) on atmospheric emissions. Regional differences of briogeochemical markers connected with the factors of dust-lifting, heat emission and transport.
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The Use of Geoinformatics for Geoarchaeological Studies: A comparison between Prambanan Temple and Bojongmenje Temple
Authors B.M. Hartono, A. Najili and A.H.P. KesumajanaSummaryThis paper focuses on investigating the geomorphological conditions around Hindu and Buddha Temple, especially Bojongmenje Temple, using geoinformatics studies. this investigation was conducted to investigate the temples location geomorphological characteristic, specifically in Java, by satellite imagery, DEM data, and field and hand specimen observation. From these characteristics, the relation of the peoples that live in that era with its geological and geomorphological conditions, and the location pattern for the temples construction can be inferred. Geoinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops and uses information science and science infrastructure to address the problems of geosciences. One of the fields that use geoinformatics study is geoarchaeology. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are powerful tools because it can be used for gather, transform, manipulate, analyse, and produce information related to the surface of the earth. This study sh ows that the geoinformatics studies support us to understand the history of the past. It helps us to understand the pattern of the temple location and also the relation of the people on that era with its geological conditions.
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Development of GIS subsystems for gravity monitoring data analysis of the subsoil conditions for oil and gas fields
Authors A. Nazirova, F. Abdoldina, Y. Dubovenko and G. UmirovaSummaryPurpose. Various negative processes occur due to the long-term development of hydrocarbon deposits on an oil and gas fields. For the Republic of Kazakhstan the task of forecasting such processes is important for further assessment of the negative consequences. The automated systems has been widely used as a tool for solving geophysical problems in an oil and gas fields. Among them the special place took the geographic information systems (GIS). This paper describes the subsystems implementation for a new GeoM geographic information system, which is created on the basis of gravity data monitoring within the one of the selected oil and gas fields.
Design/Methodology/Approach. Before that study, the preliminary stages of development for the created GIS of GeoM are conditionally defined. Tese are the preparatory, the computational, the optimizing and the integration ones. Currently, the system has developed and tested a subsystem for processing the primary data of gravity data monitoring and the graphing of its results and also a subsystem for solving of the gravity direct problem by the fitting procedure. The GIS system database is implemented using an open PostgreSQL relational database. The raw geodata are stored in a PostGis environment. The applied interfaces for the system operation are clearly demonstrated.
Findings. One of the newly developed GIS subsystem is the framework for the solution of the gravity direct problem with the help of the simulating annealing techniques. The main advantages of using of the simulated annealing method are summarized, as they are the fast data processing, applicability for use in the modern systems of parallel computing, and also the processing of large amounts of measured data. A schematic diagram of the common numerical algorithm of the simulating annealing technique is presented in the work. The applicability of this technique is qualitatively justified for the searching of the gravity o ptimal solutions in the created GIS.
Practical value/implications. The development of GIS subsystems made it possible to improve significantly the quality and speed of the gravity data processing. The calculation subsystem allow to solve the garvity direct problem by fitting with the help of the unique procedure of simulating annealing.
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Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield): initial data bank oriented on geochemical modelling
Authors I. Lazareva, S. Shnyukov, A. Andrieiev, A. Aleksieienko and E. KhlonSummaryReliability of diverse practical and fundamental geological results depends on validation of initial data background, research techniques used, methodology and means of sampling, which differ by design according to the aim of research. Accumulated i16n various databases and databanks information on geological objects that was acquired from different sources using different analytical techniques often turns out to be haphazard or even contradictory, which greatly limits its utilization possibilities. This research aims to develop specialized database targeted on geochemical modelling for magmatic system of Precambrian Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield). This publication focuses on results of implementation of databank development basic principles and following analytical quality control of final results: (1) sampling points for main rock types are provided with sufficient geological background; (2) representativeness of samples is granted by their sufficient weight an d multistage filtration by various research techniques (petrographic, mineralogical, XRF etc.); (3) analytical data were obtained simultaneously in single laboratory by single precision analytical technique; (4) high level of analytical quality control grants reliability of geological information.
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Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield): new major and trace element analytical data and its validation
Authors I. Lazareva, S. Shnyukov, O. Andrieiev, A. Aleksieienko and V. ZagorodniiSummaryNew data was acquired for Korosten Pluton (Ukrainian Shield) in order to develop specialized databank, which would meet following requirements: (1) sufficient geological background of sampling points selection, their representativeness and high level of sampled rocks petrographic study; (2) wide range chemical analysis including major and a set of litho- and chalcophile trace elements with different values of effective ionic radius and mineral/melt distribution coefficient using single technique in a single laboratory, if possible – simultaneously; (3) analytical survey conduction by means of modern, precision and most sensitive techniques; (4) high level of analysis validation, which grants reliability of initial geological information. This publication presents results of analytical data quality control: (1) values of systematic errors are minimal and don’t exceed relative standard deviation; (2) values of relative standard deviation don’t exceed 10% at lev el of 5 LOD for most of the elements; (3) trace elements concentrations usually exceed LOD value by significant margin; (4) relative standard deviation values of all major elements in the vast majority of determinations don’t exceed 10% limit. As 2–4 requirements for special databanks are met, analytical data obtained on Korosten Pluton can be successfully utilized in development of databanks, which are targeted at geochemical modelling.
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Denudation as unique Earth Crust sampling procedure: additive effect of sedimentary differentiation and homogenization
Authors S. Shnyukov, E. Tegkaev, I. Lazareva, O. Andrieiev and A. AleksieienkoSummaryLarge geochemical data set, obtained for Precambrian Ukrainian Shield (USh) rock associations, modern sediments and Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks from basins of USh periphery (accumulation reservoirs of eroded upper crustal material) yielded following results: (1) SiO2, Zr and LREE in rocks associations of USh are characterized by complex distribution, which contradicts modern evaluations of lower, middle and upper continental crust. (2) Distribution of SiO2, Zr and LREE in modern sediments and Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks is caused by two factors - sedimentary differentiation and sedimentary homogenization. Second factor erects a set of contrast maximums, which reflect composition of upper continental crust. Results obtained point out that research of zircon and monazite large detrital populations from river sands and sedimentary rocks require consideration of homogenization and differentiation effects. In order to take them into account, it is vital to develop specialized criteria, which can be based on a principle maximum conformity of Zr and LREE concentrations in the sampled sediments and sedimentary rocks to evaluated concentrations in upper continental crust. Implementation of such criteria would significantly enhance reliability of further constraints of the continental crust evolution based on age determinations and trace element geochemical data for zircon and monazite large detrital populations.
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Geoinformation analysis of satellite images of the Vrancea seismic active zone
Authors B.S. Busygin, S.L. Nikulin and K.L. SergieievaSummaryThe Vrancea seismic zone (Romania) is analyzed in order to find spatial interconnections between the localization of earthquake epicenters and objects identified on satellite images – lineaments, brightness boundaries, and circular structures. It was found that the Vrancea seismic zone differs from many other seismically active areas since its earthquakes are controlled, mainly, not by linear, but by circular structures.
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Trace elements in fenites and their accessory minerals within the Ukrainian Shield: a basis for model estimation of crust/mantle source rocks composition
Authors V. Osypenko, S. Shnyukov and O. AndreevSummaryThe results of geochemical modeling of Proskurov (Dnister-Bug Region) and Chernigovka carbonatite (Pre-Azov Region) massifs fenitization process on the rock and mineral level are presented. To calculate the model composition of fenitization fluid is possible using experimental data of distribution coefficients apatite/fluid for some trace elements (at least, Sr and REE).
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Travel-times behavior of reflected P-waves in horizontal thick-layered media with strong anisotropy
Authors G. Prodayvoda, P. Kuzmenko, A. Vyzhva and A. TyshchenkoSummaryThis article discusses an effect of strong anisotropy influence on a form of P-waves travel-times. The character of non-hyperboloid NMO-corrections also is determined by elastic symmetry of rock strata in thick horizontal reflection surface with strong (triclinic) anisotropy. The algorithm for calculations of surface travel-times in layered shale medium with triclinic symmetry is presented. During investigation was found that symmetry of travel-times isochrones map of horizontally layered medium is strictly consistent with the elastic symmetry of shale layer. It is proved that isochrones map of non-hyperboloid correction has the same symmetry as the elastic constants. In the article is shown that azimuthal character of non-hyperboloid NMO-corrections also is strictly depends on elastic symmetry of rocks strata.
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MT/MV investigation of faulty tectonic zones of the western part of the Ukrainian shield
Authors V.A. Ilyenko, T.К. Burakhovich, A.M. Kushnir and Yu.I. NikolaevSummaryExperimental synchronous magnetotelluric and magnetovariational investigations were carried out by modern long-period digital stations with ferromagnetic magnetometers LEMI-417. Measurements of the low-frequency natural electromagnetic field of the Earth of ionospheric-magnetospheric origin were carried out along four profiles: Radomyshl-Fastov, Ruzhin-Skvira, Belilivka-Antonov and Shirmivka-Logvin. By qualitative interpretation of complex tiper and curves of MTZ along the profile of Radomyshl-Fastiv, one can distinguish anomalies of conductivity, shallow occurrence. The part of the Zvizdal-Zaliskaya fault zone separating the Podolsky and Rosinsky megablock of the Ukrainian Shield was manifested in superficial electrical conductivity anomalies as revealed by the data of the MT of studies conducted along three profiles: Ruzhin-Skvira, Belilivka-Antonov and Shirmivka-Logvin. From the interpretation of magnetotelluric and magnetovariational studies on periods larger than 700–1000 s, one can assume a deep anomaly of electrical conductivity of a complex isometric shape with , which coincides geographically with the Brusilivsky interblocked suture zone. Thus, the presence of anomalies of high electrical conductivity 1) both regional and local, 2) along extended fault zones, 3) confined to zones of metallogenic ore and non-metallic fields – are geoelectric criteria for the search for ore deposits of minerals.
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The structure of GIS database of geoarchaeological sites of Ukraine for palaeoecological studies
SummaryThe structure of GIS database of geoarchaeological sites of Ukraine is proposed in the framework of the research project “Reconstruction of the natural environments of ancient Man habitats in the area of Ukraine during the prehistorical and historical times”, which is elaborated by the paper authors. The analysis of geoarchaeological studies fulfilled in Ukraine during the last decades demonstrate the great advances in these investigations. The information, accumulated on the subject, needs to be systematized and easily accessible for exchange in the obtained data and their comparison, for modelling and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. The GIS database is the most relevant tool for these purposes, including construction of interactive palaeoenvironmetal maps for time periods of coeval existence of different cultures. The proposed database includes these thematical blocks for each geoarchaeological site: І. Spatial location and modern natural setting; II. Morphometric characteristics and landforms; III. Stratigraphy, lithology, palaeopedology and genetic types of deposits; IV. Palaeontology. V. Geochronology. VI. Archaeochronology. VII. References.
Photo images of a site (if available) and a scheme of its geological section will be provided in separate files within the database.
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Evaluation of success geological-exploration works within Boryslavsko-Pokutska zone at Precarpathian foredeep
Authors O. Yakovyna, V. Khomyn, M. Maniuk, O. Maniuk, I. Piatkovska and M. MedvidSummaryThe analysis of dynamics success in geological-exploration works within Boryslavsko-Pokutska zone at Precarpathian foredeep was carried out and the fund of detected and prepared oil and gas prospecting objects during the period of sharp decline in the efficiency of search and exploration works was evaluated.
The reasons for slowdown refresh rate of prepared objects within foredeep are established, the expediency of further spending funds for its creation has been proved. It is believed that the main reason for low efficiency of geological-exploration works is the application of existing classical techniques during the forecasting of oil and gas content in structures, the imperfection of which necessitates the development of approach to forecasting oil and gas content in subsoil on a new theoretical and methodological basis
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Automated system of treatment of mechanical properties anisotropy SiO2, porous polystyrene
Authors A. P. Onanko, D. V. Charny, Y. A. Onanko and R. V. HomenkoSummaryProgrammatic algorithmic facilities of the automated system of numerical analysis and visualization of ultrasound measuring data of anisotropy parameters of elastic waves velocities V, which provide the account of influence of heterogeneity of composition and textures structure and their efficiency are examined. The automated system is offered of numerical analysis and visualization of ultrasound measuring of anisotropy parameters data of velocities V of elastic longitudinal V║, “rapid” V┴1 and “slow” V┴2 transversal waves. The algorithm principle of calculation of anisotropy parameters is presented.
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Inelastic, elastic characteristics of SiO2, porous polystyrene and automated system
Authors A. P. Onanko, D. V. Charny, Y. A. Onanko, M. P. Kulish, O. P. Dmutrenko and S. A. PopovSummaryThe automated system will be realized on the personal computer by setting of the special shell program. The isolines stereoprojections of phase velocities azimuth dependence of quasilongitudinal wave V║ and differences between „fast” V┴1 and „slow” V┴2 quasitransversal velocities ΔV┴= V┴1 − V┴2; the elastic anisotropy differential coefficient Ad; the polarization corner – the rejection of elastic displacements vector from the direction of wave normal and the diagrams of distributing of polarization vectors of quasilongitudinal, “fast” and “slow” quasitransversal velocities waves are built in the automatic regime.
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Calculated accelerograms for the direct dynamic method of determining seismic loads
Authors A. Kendzera and Yu. SemenovaSummaryTo calculate the seismic stability of objects by the direct dynamic method of seismic loads, computed accelerograms are required. The article shows that the use of accelerograms, which do not take into account the soils amplification properties of the particular study site, can lead to incorrect engineering calculations of the seismic resistance of buildings. The article considers the question of how different the maximum acceleration at the same input motion (in the form of an accelerogram) at different sites located close to each other. The results of modeling the amplification of one and the same input motion by the soil strata of two different sites are presented. The sites have a similar geological structure. The bedrock is at the same depth. Geographically, the sites are located at a distance of 10 km from each other in Kiev on the right bank of the Dnieper. Under such conditions, when designing seismic resistant objects, design engineers for emergency load combination calculations usually use the same set of design accelerograms. The modelling results presented in this article showed that the soil amplifications of the same input motion, even on closely spaced and, at first glance, sites with similar geological structure, may differ significantly.
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A character of cosmic bodies influence on earthquakes in Earth crust and below it
Authors A. M. Kazantsaev and L. V. KazantsevaSummaryOften, the detection of the cosmic bodies influence on earthquakes is carried out by finding correlation links between the lunar phases, the distance to the Moon, the time of the day, and so on. At the same time, the real physical impact of the Sun and the Moon on earthquakes can only be the gravitational. That is, such influence should realize through the tidal forces of these bodies in some zones in the Earth's body.
Based on an analysis of about 500,000 seismic events of the Northern California Earthquake Data Base of the USA, a statistically significant dependence of the number of earthquakes at depths up to 40 km on the phase of the moon was found. This dependence can be explained by the specifics of the changes in the tidal forces from the Moon and the Sun in different seasons. For depths of hypocenters over 40 km there is no such dependence.
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Isometry of body size traits in Tirasiana Palij 1976 from the upper Vendian of the Podolian Dniester area
Authors A. Sh. Mienasova, L. V. Тustanovska, L. V. Popova and I. I. DzeverinSummaryThe nature of the Vendian soft-bodied organisms still is being disputed, despite the long history of the study. In particular, circular forms are considered to be colonies of the protozoa, sponges, cyanobionts and coelenterata. We proceeded from the assumption that the allometric relation between the total body diameter and diameter of the gastral cavity must be characteristic for coelenteratas. In order to check whether is likely that the Vendian sessile circular forms were close to coelenteratas, we studied the ratio between dimensional characters in Tirasiana Palij 1976. Imprints (positive hyporelief) of Тіrasiana consist of two superimposed discs, internal and external. Respectively, two characters (internal diameter and external diameter) have been studied. Computations were performed using the program R v. 3. 4. 2 (RCoreTeam, 2017) and the package gvlma v. 1. 0. 0. 3 ( Pena and Slate, 2019 ).
It has been shown that the relationship between internal and external diameters of the body of Tirasiana is linear. The model of linear regression for the inner diameter has been calculated on the basis of the log-transformed data. The results do not prove the hypothesis of the allometric ratio between dimensional parameters in Tirasiana; on the contrary, a strict linearity and isometry of these parameters has been shown.
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