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Monitoring 2019
- Conference date: November 12-15, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 12 November 2019
1 - 20 of 110 results
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SYSTEM OF SEISMIC ACOUSTIC MONITORING OF IMPORTANT OBJECTS
Authors A. Lukiyanchuk, P. Savkov, I. Pampukha, I. Syniavska and A. DubinetskiySummaryAn urgent problem during the anti-terrorist operation is protection against uncontrolled crossing of the border, places of forces deployment, objects of higher danger and life support, military objects and key points, lines of demarcation of opposing forces and demilitarized zones in order to prevent penetration of reconnaissance and diversionary groups, exploration of the underground routes and reconnaissance of relocation routes and deployment of enemy troops (units).
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THE RESULTS OF GRAVIMETRIC MONITORING ON THE WORKED-OUT POTASSIUM SALT DEPOSIT IN THE PRECARPATHIAN REGION
Authors S.G. Anikeyev, E.D. Kuzmenko, S.M. Bagriy, B.B. Hablovskyi and U.O. DzobaSummaryThe formation of karst cavities, the disintegration of inter-chamber pillars, deformation of the earth surface and inrush of oversaline water into the underground voids, which is especially dangerous within the settlements and industrial complexes, are the results of mining operations and poor mine conservation (by filling the waste space with the salt brines) in the areas of the Kalush-Holyn potassium salt deposit. The geological and geophysical control of the ecological and geological situation at the mines is performed by using the high-precision gravity exploration. The efficiency of gravity method is investigated in the paper and the results of high-precision gravimetric monitoring of the geological environment state at the division of the Skhidna-Holyn mine field at the Novo-Holyn mine are given. This mine is located on the territory of the Precarpathian fore deep. The modelling of changes in the density structure of the geological profile of the mine, i. e. prediction of the integrity destruction of the saline rocks and the salt table, was performed by solving the gravity inverse according to the space-time anomalies of the gravity field.
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CREATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF GEOINFORMATION PLATFORM
Authors O.P. Fedchenko, I.V. Tolok, I.K. Syniavska, I.V. Pampukha and R.V. PysarenkoSummaryThe ongoing change of atmosphere and environmental parameters of Earth inflicted by anthropogenic load, as well as by industrial and military objects requires reliable evaluation of the ecological situation and its anticipation with a view to provide ecological security. This process entails forecasting of further favorable conditions or negative outcomes development and decision-making based on ecological monitoring through environmental monitoring automatized systems (decision-support systems).
Notably, all above mentioned environmental and anthropogenic components are linked with a unique component such as the dimensional factor (geographical location). As we know, the best tool to process spatial data is Geographic Information System (therefrom — GIS). The modern full-functional GIS platform allows not only to set up the geographic information system of any scale and designation, but also to develop the efficient system of ecological monitoring unified with the decision-support system. At the same time, it should include the following data array: air pollution, hydrosphere pollution, land pollution, technogenic pollution, vegetation cover, as well as public health.
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPUTER DATA BANK CONCEPT OF NEOTECTONIC AND EXOGENOUS PROCESSES TO MONITOR ECO-LOGICAL STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE CARPATHIAN FOLD BELT)
Authors A. Fedechko, A. Popliuiko, M. Medvid, O. Ihnatiuk and N. BronitskaSummaryThis report presents some issues of concept development for a computer data bank of neotectonic and exogenous processes to monitor the geological and ecological state of the environment. The concept is developed by the example of the Carpathian fold belt. The study of the action of neotectonic movements and exogenous geological processes is possible using certain research methods. FOr instance, such methods include: orographical method, bathymetric method, morphometric method, river terraces method, a method of planation surface investigation and others. To use these methods and approaches at the modern scientific and methodological level, it is necessary to develop a universal toolkit for collection, storage and processing of certain diverse information. The first step is to develop the concept for computer data bank development for collection, storage and processing of information related to neotectonic movements and exogenous processes. The report presents some ideas and proposals for development and structuring of specific databases. The information on specific work that has already been performed in this direction.
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RISK MANAGEMENT IN SEISMIC HAZARD ZONES ON THE BASIS OF CALCULATIONS OF STRESS USING ACOUSTO-ELASTIC CORRELATIONS
Authors H.H. Guliyev, G.M. Efendiyev, K.K. Aghayeva and I.A. PiriverdiyevSummaryA methodology of assessing the stress state of the considered section of the geological medium is offered in this report which allows carrying out a predicted risk assessment in zones of earthquakes based on the analysis of geological data, measurements of local magnitudes in the array and geomechanical modeling. As a result of the study of complex nonlinear systems in the literature scenarios of the occurrence of natural disasters appeared, which are based on a change in the stress-strain state of the rock mass. It allows establishing the causes of catastrophic events, in particular, earthquakes in some cases. Risk management is based on it. Finally, risk management should ensure the safe and stable operation of the enterprise, the safety of the population in the considered territory. The data of monitoring of local magnitudes and results of calculations of stress in the rock mass are used while calculating and analyzing risks.
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PROGNOSTIC MODEL OF MINERAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors L. Horoshkova, V. Volkov and Ie. KhlobystovSummaryThe work develops a systematic approach to the management of mining, using, export and import non-metallic minerals for construction considering the economic parameters of the development of the world market situation, the domestic market and the resource component of state security. It is proved that it is possible to solve the problem of lean use of minerals by more balanced extraction of minerals, namely, establishing a correlation between extraction and use volumes. To predict the development of the industry, it is suggested to use the author’s multifactorial economic and mathematical model for forecasting the development of complex systems. It is proved that such a model will allow controlling the volumes of mining of technologically related minerals in interdependence on the volumes of their use. An analysis of dynamics and geographic structure of export-import operations was also conducted with natural sand, pebbles, gravel and breakstone. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that the approach to formation of export minerals’ flows is not rational, because it poses a threat to the financial state of the mining industry and the country.
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POTENTIAL OF MINING WASTE RECYCLING IN UKRAINE
Authors O. Hrinchenko and O. YushinSummaryMost industrialized advanced countries of the world place high emphasis on utilization of mining wastes. In Ukraine, rate of waste recycling still remains rather low. All the industrial wastes of Ukraine can be classified into four main groups which differ on amount of accumulated materials, hazardous rate and valuable components present. Mining enterprises of Ukraine produce two types of wastes – overburden rocks accumulated in dumps and slimes stored in tailing ponds.
Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin of Ukraine may be taken as a typical example, where 10 to 13 bln tons of overburden rocks are accumulated in dumps. The dumps include about 50 useful minerals and rocks that might be recycled. Unlike dumps placer deposits can be formed in tailing pond. there are several types of technogenic placers that can be worked out in Ukraine: (1) iron ore tailings (500 mln tons) to be recycled on iron and gold (up to 4 g/t); mangane ore tailings (150 mln tons); (3) alumina red slimes (1,2–1,3 mln tons) that include gold, zircon and rutile grains; (4) tailings of titanium ores to be recycled on gold (5–6 g/t); (5) tailings of kaoline that might be recycled on monazite concentrate (lanthanides and thorium).”
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THE MAIN APPROACHES OF LANDSLIDES CLASSIFICATION AND MODELING OF THEIR IMPACT ON INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors O. Ivanik, V. Shevchuk, M. Lavrenyuk and D. KravchenkoSummaryThe basic principles and main approached of landslides classification and modeling of landslide hazards have been proposed. Developed classification of landslides is used to create geological, physical and mathematical models of landslide slopes and subsequent development of tools to assess the stability of slopes. Modeling of landslide hazards include combination of stochastic and deterministic approaches. The application of stochastic methods allows to evaluate the complex factors of landslides and define their priority. Deterministic modeling of landslides makes it possible to perform a quantitative assessment of the impact of some factors on the landslides formation. It is proved that the stress-strain state of the rock mass is the one of the important criteria for the evaluating of the slope stability. Formulation of the task of stress-stain assessment and formalization of the calculations for the landslide slopes with variable parameters of the water saturation has been proposed. A numerical-analytical algorithm for solving the problem in the mathematical formulation, which is based on a modified iterative boundary element method, is developed. This technique is used for the landslide hazard assessment in different areas.
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DEVELOPMENT A PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY STATUS OF ZHOVTY VODY CITY
Authors B. Kornilovych, L. Spasonova, I. Kovalchuk and Y. KoshykSummaryThe development of mining and processing industries in Ukraine has increased the risk of negative impact on environment. One of the most complicated environment situations in Ukraine is the Kryvyi Rig basin, where iron ore and uranium are mined at numerous quarries. A variety of methods have been proposed for remediating water, soil and sediments. A relatively new (in Eastern Europe) in-situ method is a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) that is constructed in the subsurface to intercept and treat contaminated groundwater. One of the most promising substrate materials for PRBs is zero-valent iron which has been extensively studied in recent years. Biological treatment using PRB technology is also very promising. PRB technology employing zerovalent iron which combines subsurface fluid-flow management with contaminant treatment by biogeochemical processes are also very perspective. Batch and column experiments provided with real contaminated ground water from Zhovty Vody site show the potential for zero valent iron based remediation technologies in effective removing of uranium. Also, the provided biological experiments showed possibility for the indigenous cultures of bacteria from Zhovty Vody city to reduce U(VI) under anaerobic conditions. The results obtained proved the acceptable potential of this indigenous consortium for bioremoval of uranium from contaminated groundwater.
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RECONSTRUCTION OF PALEO STRESS FIELDS ON HUAI KHOK GOLD DEPOSIT (LAOS)
Authors D. Kravchenko, A. Drozdova and R. ChaikaSummaryBased on results of the analysis of cleavage, fracturing and shatter zones the parageneses, characteristic by steep dextral and sinistral shear zones with normal faulting components was clearly determined. We marked at least two shear zones that are likely conjugated zones and generated in a higher-order stress field. These shear zones are generated in the conditions of prevailing stresses in the north-east direction with an average plunge of σ1 about 20°. The most probable areas where landslides can develop are mountain slopes with trending coincident with the strike of shear zones and with bisectional sub vertical plane between them.
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TERRAIN ELEVATION CHANGES BY RADAR SATELLITE IMAGES INTERPRETATION AS A COMPONENT OF GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Authors T. Kril and S. ShekhunovaSummaryThe purpose of this work is to establish the dynamics of the terrain elevation changes in time as a component of geo-environmental monitoring basing on radar satellite images interpretation. Research has been performed for the territory of the right-bank slopes of the Dnipro River in Kyiv. There are proposed a method of the establishing of terrain elevation changes which build on the construction of a base point network for all satellite images, interpretation of the results taking into account seasonality and gradation ∆h in accordance with the elevation discreteness of the images that have been used. Analysis of a images series from December 2007 to January 2009 made it possible to identify stable areas within the research territory and those where the fluctuations of elevations (rising and lowering) have been observed. Terrain elevation changes in unstable areas are explained according to the engineering-geological conditions and technogenic development of the researched area. Distinguished trends based on ∆h of surface revealed a correlation with the location of a extended fault system and other lineaments of this territory. Comparison of long-term observations of terrain elevation changes will allow to identify and classify the lineament forms, in particular those that affect the slopes stability.
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ASSESSMENT OF THE ROCK MASS DEFORMATIONS IN THE INFLUENCE ZONE OF KHOTIN MINE FIELD OF KALUSH SALT MINE (PRECARPATHIAN AREA)
Authors E.D. Kuzmenko, S.M. Bagriy, U.O. Dzoba, V.V. Kostiv and V.Yu. MaksymchukSummaryThe report is devoted to the study of rock masses deformation problem in the salt mining areas. The results of geodetic and geophysical researches, carried out in 2017–2018 on the Khotin field area of the Kalush salt mine, are presented in the paper. Geodetic surveys were performed on five profile lines using the method of high-precision geodetic leveling. Geophysical electrical explorations have been conducted by two methods – TDEM sounding (time-domain electromagnetic sounding) and by the natural electrical field method. The obtained results made it possible to estimate the rock masses state, to determine the inter-chamber pillars deformation degree of the Khotin mine field. The mathematical modelling of the stress state was carried out taking into account the presence of a specific object of high risk – the gas pipeline, which resulted in predictive models of the earth’s surface subsidence in the studied territory.
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MONITORING OF PILE FOUNDATION ENGINEERING IN DENSE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS ON LANDSLIDE HAZARDOUS SITE
Authors N. Marienkov, K. Babik, Y. Bolotov and V. DuninSummaryAn example of the application of modern regulatory requirements for the scientific and technical support of construction and monitoring of building structures for the safe arrangement of the pile foundation on a landslide hazardous building site in conditions of dense urban development in Kyiv during the installation of a Ø820 mm bored pile according to the plan of the pile field has been considered. Continuous monitoring of the pile installation process was conducted for more than 6 hours. Experimentally registered levels of vibration acceleration on the foundation wall of the building in the vertical and horizontal directions do not exceed 0,015 m/s2, which is significantly lower than the minimum permissible values of vibration acceleration for the foundations of buildings with brick bearing walls 0,15 m/s2. The research also evaluated the presence of visible damage to the building in the available places and their possible development before and after piles placement. The condition of the plaster screed on a vertical crack in the wall of the house on the 8th floor, which was installed before the start of construction work, after pile foundation installation has not changed - it remained undamaged.
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MUNICIPAL WASTE AS A FACTOR OF NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT: FACTS, PROBLEMS, PROPOSITIONS
Authors R. Melnyk and M. KravchenkoSummaryThe objective of the publication is to research the facts, problems and find the ways to improve the functions of public administration in the management of municipal waste in Ukraine. The object of the research is the regulation and practice of exercising this function of public administration in Ukraine and the EU Member States.
For successful conduction of the research, the authors have used general and special methods of scientific cognition such as: formal and logical, comparative and legal, statistical methods, modeling and forecasting methods.
The results of the research have demonstrated the differences in approaches to the management of municipal waste in Ukraine and the EU countries. It has been found out that municipal waste management in EU countries is built around the concept of a closed-loop economy. The main directions for improving municipal waste management in Ukraine have been named. The authors have defined the list of amendments and alterations to the legislation of Ukraine on waste in order to bring this function of the national public administration to the European analogues.
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MONITORING RESEARCH OF GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV
Authors V. Mykhailov, I. Bezrodna and O. IvanikSummaryThe consideration is given the different branches of geological research related to the monitoring of geological environment at the Institute of Geology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Institute of Geology has a long-term history and the strong well-known school of geological research. Activities of Institute of Geology are mainly focused on training in geological survey, monitoring of the geological environment, prospecting and exploration of oil and gas, mineral resources, groundwater, mining, geotechnical studies, geophysics, mineralogy, and gemology. Nowadays, the Institute provides the research by the following areas: geophysical studies; physical-chemical studies of rocks; modeling of geological processes and structures; the use of GIS-technologies in environmental studies, structural and tectonic studies, mineralogical and geochemical studies, paleontology and stratigraphy of Phanerozoic deposits. The prospects of the of geological science development at the university are the good cooperation with Ukrainian and foreign researchers, participation in the joint research projects on monitoring the geological environment, publication in the world’s ranking journals. The overarching aim of geological research is to provide high quality training to a group of young researchers, contributing to the development of a new generation of multidisciplinary researchers able to work in the challenging field of advanced investigations of geological environment.
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QITIANLINGITE - A NEW MINERAL FROM THE GRANITE PEGMATITES OF THE VOLODARSK-VOLYN DEPOSIT
Authors Eu. Naumenko, A. Andreev and S. ShnyukovSummaryColumbite samples from the quarry No.2 of the Volodarsk-Volyn piezoelectric quartz deposit were investigated. Chemical data revealed a tungsten admixture, chemical heterogeneity of the peripheral zone of one of the columbite crystals, and allowed the separation of a new mineral for Ukraine - qitianlingite, which is a complex oxide of manganese, iron, tantalum, niobium, and tungsten, which forms the inclusion in the peripheral zone of the columbite crystal. In addition, an unknown silicate-tantalum phase with impurities of uranium, which was formed during the last stages of columbite growth or after its growth, and developed in the interstitium between columbite and qitianlingite, was detected.
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ECOLOGICAL AND MONITORING STUDIES OF OIL PRODUCTION TERRITORIES AND POSSIBILITY OF THEIR USE IN RECREATION
Authors N. Pobihun, Y. Korobeinykova, O. Pobihun and I. IurasSummaryThe results of the primary ecological monitoring on distribution of separate heavy metals on territories of oil and gas production were studied. The objects of study were landscapes zones affected by NHVU “Dolynanaftogaz”, which is located in Dolyna district within the Carpathians. Samples were selected from 4 profiles that were made across the basic reaching of mountain ranges (from south-west to north-east) on the territory of the district for the determination of regularities of heavy metals distribution in soils and for an assessment of their ecological condition. On the second stage of work the studies of influence of small concentrations of heavy metals on cytogenetic features of soil according to the indicators of mitotical activity in primary root meristem of test object of Allium of cepa and induced aberrations of chromosomes in cells were conducted. Combination of these methods gives an opportunity to forecast influences of technogenic activity on human health and is the effective complex of ecological monitoring studies of soils in the technogenically changed territories.
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STRUCTURE OF AN AUTOMATED GEOINFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Authors B. Popkov, M. Okhramovych, M. Nikiforov, V. Loza and V. SavranSummaryIn order to increase the functional capabilities of the Automated Geoinformation Monitoring System for the decision-making support in emergency situations, it is relevant to develop an Automated Geographic Information System (GIS) for decision-making support, as well as software products designed to solve different tasks related to the calculation and assessment of hazards in emergency situations. The modular principle of organization and construction of information systems shall be applied to build the monitoring subsystem. Thus, application of GIS technologies as an integrating platform creates a single information space containing all necessary data for the effective operational command and control of units and rescue detachments.
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MODELLING OF THE LATE PLEISTOCENE CLIMATIC CHANGES IN THE BUKOVYNA AREA BASED ON QUANTITATIVE RECONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGIES AND PALYNOLOGICAL DATA FROM GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Authors Ye. Rohozin, T. Yurchenko and N. GerasimenkoSummaryThe paper presents quantitative palaeoclimate reconstructions for the short-term phases within the main Late Pleistocene stages, based on the combined application to pollen data of two methods: informational-statistical (Klimanov et al., 1995) and ‘the best modern analogues’ (Guiot et al., 1989). The study area is Bukovyna where four geoarchaeological sites were palynologically studied and interpreted in palaeoclimatic sense. The standard errors for the calculated values are 1.3°C for mean annual temperatures, 1.6°C for mean July temperatures and 100 mm for annual precipitation rates. The results demonstrate cyclicity in climatic parameters changes through the Late Pleistocene and the large amplitudes of these changes. High-resolution sampling of late pleniglacial deposits has shown millennial- and even centennial-scale oscillations, which indicate the possibility of very drastic climatic events. Crucial changes resulted in environmental hazards, which affected the settlement patterns of Upper Paleolithic population. The amplitudes between cool and warm phases within the last interglacial (the analogue of the Holocene, the current interglacial) also were large and, thus, could cause climatic hazards. The reliable knowledge on the regular pattern of past climatic changes is crucially important for understanding of their nature and, thus, possible forecasting of climatological hazards.
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MONITORING AND MODELING OF DANGEROUS GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN UKRAINE
By G.I. RudkoSummaryScientific-methodological and methodical approaches to the assessment of the state of landslide geosystems in the territory of Ukraine have been characterized in the article, monitoring of landslide hazardous territories of Ukraine has been substantiated, general characteristic of main spatial and temporal patterns of landslide development has been conducted.
Possibilities of analysis of digital relief data by means of GIS and satellite imagery have been elucidated in the paper in order to identify and analyse conditions and factors of the formation of landslide processes.
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