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Monitoring 2019
- Conference date: November 12-15, 2019
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 12 November 2019
101 - 110 of 110 results
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ASSESS THE BENEFITS OF USING UAVs FOR MONITORING OBJECTS OF MILITARY DESTINATION
Authors I. Pampukha, V. Zatserkovnyi, P. Savkov, M. Okhramovych and V. ShevchenkoSummaryAerial surveying has been an effective tool for many decades for geophysical research and conducting various types of monitoring. However, the cost of using planes and helicopters for on-site monitoring and large-scale shooting is an order of magnitude higher than that of light aircraft, above all unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Using UAVs for the process of monitoring military objects, topographic photography, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks, ensuring the stabilization of UAVs while conducting it on the route, maintaining a given flight speed, straightness of the route, reducing the angles of inclination of the aircraft.
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REMOTE ASSESSMENT OF EARTH’S SURFACE DEFORMATION DYNAMICS ABOVE SOLOTVYNO SALT MINE
Authors O. Tomchenko, P. Zhyrnov, I. Pidlisetska and O. MykolaenkoSummaryThe article covers the results of the analysis of remote sensing materials, topographic and geological data and gives a general description of the situation prevailing in the territory of Solotvyno mine for the period from 2012 to 2018 years. The destruction of the Earth’s surface over the Solotvyno field of rock salt has led to the uncontrolled development of salt karst and it has catastrophic, unpredictable character today and resulting in a dangerous environmental situation of anthropogenic nature. The modelling was performed using geoinformation technologies by developed, adapted and improved copyright methods. The largest sediments occur near the largest karst dips which indicates their constant expansion according to the ERS materials.
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CREATION OF THE GEOLOGICAL VIRTUAL GOVORUHA DOME OUTCROP (GALINDEZ ISLAND, WESTERN ANTARTICA)
Authors I. Savchyn, Y. Shylo, I. Bubniak and A. BubniakSummaryIn this work, we present the results of ground-based photogrammetric surveying of Govoruha Dome outcrop in Antarctica and their practical use in structural geology. We have developed a workflow for collection, processing and presentation of structural features in an outcrops. We use the results of the photogrammetric surveying for the creation of the 3D model that is used for geological purposes. 3D model is used for the extraction of the planes approximating joint orientations on the outcrop. Advantage and disadvantage of using this novel technology are discussed. The advantages of this approach include the speed of obtaining information, its accuracy and quality. Among disadvantage we outline the difficulty of climate conditions for the geodetic equipment.
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IMPROVEMENT OF APPROACHES FOR MONITORING OF EXOGENOUS GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES WITH USING OF SATELLITE INTERFEROMETRY METHODS
Authors V. Stasyuk, M. Pakshyn, І. Liaska and S. YanchevskyiSummaryThe purpose of the work is investigation of possibilities for improving approaches to the monitoring of exogenous geological processes whiperformed within the framework of the State Environmental Monitoring System of Ukraine using radar satellite data. In Ukraine, there is a significant demand for regular studies of hazardous exogenous processes. At the same time, the volume of field surveying works and the number of monitoring sites are decreasing year by year. The authors of the article propose to solve this problem by implementation of two-tier system for monitoring hazardous geological processes with using radar satellite data. In the first stage it is supposed to use the results of processing satellite information processed by interferometric methods, in the second - traditional geodetic measurements. The relevance and accuracy of the proposed approach was tested by the example of geodynamic assessment of the technogenic-dangerous territory of the mining and chemical enterprise “POLYMINERAL” (Stebnik), which was performed in the framework of the study. For this purpose there were applied an innovative interferometric methods of radar data processing of Sentinel-1a, b satellites data: “PS” - Persistent Scatterers Interferometry “and” SBAS “- Small Baseline Subset. According to the results of the study, there were determined the areas with concentrated deformations of the earth’s surface and the dynamics of their settling by time. The combination of geodetic and interferometric methods will significantly increase the amount and quality of information about geodynamic situation of territories and objects and reduce the overall cost of the works. Such advanced approaches can be becomed of the basis for establishing an effective mechanism for monitoring of statewide exogenous geological processes.
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THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF ECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF THE ENVIRONMENT THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Authors V.M. Trysnyuk, K.V. Smetanin, Y.V. Holowan, O.L. Kashchishin and K.O. RadlowskaSummaryThe technology of the control algorithm synthesis for ensuring stabilization of the remotely piloted aircraft system is suggested. The authors have also developed the algorithm of controlling the determinated multidimensional automated system which provides for stabilizing the object of control (remotely piloted aircraft system) on the operative programmed trajectory. Along with it, the formation of programmed trajectory is carried out by the operator remotely using the communication channel with the piloted aircraft system. On the basis of the improved research and methodical instrument of using the remotely piloted aircraft system in the system of ecological monitoring the authors have also developed the integrated approaches to monitoring the environment of the designated territory. As a result, one can compile a technogenically oriented map on the basic of applying the onboard equipment of the remotely piloted aircraft system. It has been shown that the process of optimization in accordance with the substantiated technology possesses a high convergence speed. The above makes it possible to carry out the control synthesis in the process of flight of the remotely piloted aircraft system in real time.
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DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SAMPLES OF MINERALS AND ROCKS BY THE FREQUENCY-RESONANCE METHOD OF SATELLITE IMAGES AND PHOTOGRAPHS PROCESSING
Authors M. Yakymchuk and I. KorchaginSummaryThe results of experimental investigation using the technology of frequency-resonance processing of satellite images and photo images for study the possibility of its application to determine the presence (absence) of various chemical elements in samples of minerals and rocks are analyzed. During the frequency-resonance processing of a core photograph from wells in a gold ore deposit in Peru, three wells were identified that uncovered rocks with gold mineralization. The results of technique testing on eight quartz samples showed that total number of detected chemical elements in the examined samples is in the range of 21–61. In order to determine the content of chemical elements in cross-section the study were carried out on the area of rare-earth chemical elements accumulation in Pacific Ocean, on the local site of a prospecting well drilling and on Zmeinyy Island in Black Sea, as well as in the area of Ukrainian Antarctic Station on Galindez island. The results of experimental studies indicate possibility of the methods of frequency resonance processing and decoding of satellite images and photo images using to quickly establish the presence of various chemical elements in samples of minerals and rocks, in core samples, in sediments of the cross-section at various depths.
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SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF CROP YIELD USING OF NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDICES
Authors V.I. Zatserkovnyi, O.Ye. Nikolaienko, S.G. Volkova, Y.A. Krucheniuk and I.V. PampukhaSummaryThe results of monitoring of cereals using normalized differential vegetation indices (NDVI) are presented in the paper. The technology for building NDVI cereal maps is exemplified by ultra-high resolution images obtained with a quad copter mounted multispectral camera that provides aerial photography in four spectral channels (Green, Red, Red Edge, Near Infrared). Quadrocopter multispectral aerial photographs, unlike satellite imagery, are insensitive to clouds and atmospheric effects; provide ultra-high resolution and accurate quantification of vegetation indices.
NDVI is traditionally calculated using the near-infrared and visible red (spectral) reflectance values of Red, Near Infrared. The use of other spectral channels (Green, Red Edge) is considered in the work for NDVI calculation, which allows to significantly improve the efficiency of analysis of grain yield in terms of prompt detection of the whole complex of reasons that adversely affect the condition of crops and timely implementation of measures to eliminate them.
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UPDATING OF CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors V. Zatserkovnyi, I. Pampukha, S. Kolachov, G. Zyrov and V. LukanovskyiSummaryUp-to-date topographic plans and maps are urgently needed to solve various military tasks. Topographic maps of 1:5000, 1:2000, 1:1000 and 1:500 scales are usually created by using topographic surveys of a larger scale (Abstracts from the Conference Geoinformatics 2019). In accordance with the Topographic Imaging Instruction, the images are performed with: stereotopographic, combined aerotopograhic, plane-table, terrestrial phototopographic (phototheodolite shooting), tacheometric or theodolitemethods in scales of 1: 5000, 1: 2000, 1: 1000 and 1: 500. Combined method is the most widely used method. However, today, in addition to the traditional methods of creating topographic maps, there is the possibility of using materials obtained with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAV aerial photography materials are needed when up-to-date data on the immediate area of the warfare should be obtained and military geo-information systems (GIS) should be created. In addition to the fact that the aerial photography materials obtained from UAVs are highly informative, they also provide the opportunity to obtain up-to-date spatial and attribute data about the territory of warfare. The use of UAVs in order to update cartographic data of military GIS in recent years came to the fore because of the attractiveness of the relatively low cost of works on the creation of cartographic materials, correction maps, creation of digital area and terrain models.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF NATIONAL NATURAL PARKS OF UKRAINE AND DETERMINATION OF THE STATUS OF PROTECTIVE ZONES IN THE SYSTEM OF REGISTRATION AND ACCOUNTING
Authors P.D. Krelshteyn, L.V. Tustanovska and I.S. BugaenkoSummaryThe problems of legislative maintenance of the territory accounting process, lack of agreement of actions of various branches of executive government, inconsistency of land and environmental legislation with regard to the creation, registration and implementation of environment conservation measures in the territories of the National Natural Parks of Ukraine with the examples given were raised. It was found that design decisions, as well as accounting and registration of the NFP territories are outdated and ineffective, and some cadastral systems have shown their inability to perform the national registration functions with respect to the NPP. The clarifies the need for making urgent changes to legislative acts, for changing approaches in the formation and maintenance of State registration of the territory; otherwise, the threat of loss of national conservation facilities may become enormous. It also clarifies the need to create an effective GIS tool that will enable you to combine all the information necessary for making management decisions concerning the National Parkswithin the same platform.
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GEOLOGICAL RESEARCH DURING 24-TH UKRAINIAN ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION, JANUARY - APRIL 2019: GRAHAM COAST OF ANTARCTIC PENINSULA AND ADJACENT ISLANDS
Authors O. Mytrokhyn and V. BakhmutovSummaryIn 2019 the authors carried out field geological researches in the West Antarctic region namely Graham Coast of Antarctic Peninsula. These studies were a continuation of the geological survey started in 2017. The main aim was elaboration of the stratigraphical column for Ukrainian Antarctic Station (UAS) aria. Studied area covered west coast of Kiev Peninsula from Cape Renard to Collins Bay as well as adjacent islands of Wilhelm Archipelago. The authors found that the studied stratigraphic column of UAS aria covers age range from Upper Paleozoic to the Cenozoic inclusive. Main lithostratigraphic unites are Lahille Island Formation (P-T), Kiev Peninsula Formation (J), Argentine Island Formation (J-K). Kiev Peninsula Formation and Argentine Island Formation are composed mainly volcanic and pyroclastic rocks with subordinate sedimentary beds. Lahille Island Formation is fully terrigenous one. All stratums are subject to varying degrees of metamorphic transformations. Kiev Peninsula Formation and Argentine Island Formation are parts of Antarctic Peninsula Volcanic Group. Lahille Island Formation can be previously correlated with Paradise Harbour Formation of Trinity Peninsula Group. Poor preserved fossils were found only in Argentine Island Formation. The rest unites are obviously poor or completely devoid of fossil remains. So well-defined age limits can be obtained by studying of geological relationships of the unfossiliferous strata with radioisotope dated intrusive rocks and metamorphic events.
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