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15th International Conference Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment
- Conference date: November 17-19, 2021
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 17 November 2021
21 - 40 of 107 results
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Features of Ichthyofauna Biodiversity Monitoring in the Ukrainian Black Sea Area
Authors S. Snigirov, V. Pitsyk and O. AbakumovSummaryAnalysis of ichthyological studies in the Zmiinyi Island coastal waters in 2003–2020 has been done. Various methods of ichthyological material collecting have been discussed. Data and Methods. Standard methods of ichthyological studies. Visual observation using lightweight diving outfit. Results. It has been shown that due to their high selectivity, use of commercial fishing gears for ichthyofauna biodiversity monitoring could entail erroneous results – depauperation of species composition in the studied marine areas. The most precise information about fish species composition can be received through visual observation using diving outfit. Conclusions. Various commercial and non-commercial fishing gears in combination with visual underwater observation using lightweight diving outfit allow the most successful ichthyological monitoring in the difficult-to-reach areas characterized by complicated bottom configuration.
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Basics of monitoring mountain lakes of the north-eastern Carpathians (on the example of the Maricheika Lake)
SummaryThe work is devoted to the geographical aspect of studying the lakes of the Chornohora massif of Ukrainian Carpathians. An example of a comprehensive survey and monitoring of the mountain lake Maricheika, located within the Carpathian National Nature Park (northeastern part of the Carpathians) are presented. It’s also shown the results of periodic field and analytical researches of local aquatic mountain ecosystems. The main aspect is devoted to the study of the conditions of formation of the chemical composition of water and the determination of individual morphometric characteristics of the lake.
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Hydromorphological monitoring in Ukraine: a case study in the Ros River basin
Authors Ye. Vasylenko, O. Koshkina, Yu. Nabyvanets, O. Konovalenko and T. MaslovaSummaryAccording to Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, and Ukraine, (2014), implementation of Water Framework Directive has been introduced at national level. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine has adopted the Ordinance # 758 dated with September 19, 2018 “On approval of the Order of the State monitoring of water”. This normative act has come into force since January 1, 2019. The overall aim of the Water Framework Directive for Member States of European Union is to prevent deterioration of the status of all surface water bodies and to achieve «good ecological status» and «good surface water chemical status». Thus, the State Emergency Service of Ukraine was assigned to carry out hydromorphological monitoring of surface water bodies (SWB). Hydromorphological monitoring is carried out according to Methodology of hydromorphological monitoring of SWBs of “Rivers” and “Lakes” categories. The objective of the hydromorphological survey within the Ros River Basin was to perform a hydromorphological assessment of the Ros River SWBs which will further on serve as a required element for identification of SWBs ecological status.
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Problems of casing wells in potassium-magnesium salts of the Dnieper-Donets Rift and ways of their solution
SummaryIt has been established that the main cause of damage to casing strings in the fields of the Dnieper-Donets Rift is the presence of potassium-magnesium salts in the sections of wells, which are prone to plastic flow. Measures have been developed to improve the reliability of well casing in these conditions, which provide for the selection of the optimal density of the drilling fluid, control of the dynamics of the flow of salts and minimization of the cavity size before lowering the casing, the choice of the method for casing the well, creating conditions for increasing the resistance of the casing to external load, etc.
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Digitalization for Data Liberation
Authors Z. Manan, D. R. Galih, A. H. Haze and T. BramonoSummaryThe Government of Indonesia governs the disclosure of upstream oil and gas data by issuing Regulation No. 29 of 2017. Contractors have to propose permits to the government in order to disclose their data to investors. Although the Government meant to boost investment by issuing the regulation, processes to get the permit can take some times.
The paper is organized as follows: After the introduction, the second section gives a brief overview about process that has been established to propose the disclosure of upstream oil and gas data in Indonesia for investment purpose. The third part of the paper promising a new concept policy for the Government of Indonesia in order to improve efficiency for accessing upstream oil and gas data. In other country such as, United States of America, Canada and Mexico Disclosing oil and gas data generally can be transferred by transfer agreement. Beside that Albania have the same system with Indonesia. In section four we describe advantages and disadvantages about our new concept policy compare to Indonesia existing policy that roles the disclosure of upstream oil and gas data.
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Mapping the supply and demand of regulating air chemical composition in Lithuania
Authors P. Pereira, M. Inacio, E. Gomes and W. ZhaoSummaryUrban and industrial areas contribute substantially to air quality degradation. Evidence shows that the pollution released in these areas is responsible for human health problems. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify the areas that can contribute to air pollution mitigation (supply) and the areas where from a human standpoint, it is more needed (demand). This work maps and assesses the supply and demand for regulating air chemical composition in Lithuania. The results showed a higher supply in areas with high forest density, while the demand is high in the major urban areas. Overall, there is a mismatch between supply and demand. Further work at a high resolution in urban areas is needed since the demand for regulating air chemical composition is highly important for human well-being.
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Geophysical and tectonic modernization of geoecological monitoring system of territories near nuclear fuel cycle objects of Ukrainian Southeast
Authors P. Pihulevskyi, O. Tiapkin, L. Anisimova, O. Kalinichenko and N. PanteleevaSummaryDevelopment of atomic engineering is unique possible way of industrial development of Ukraine as new independent state. But objects of nuclear fuel cycle are potential sources of radioactive pollution of an environment. Modern ecological situation in southeast of Ukraine – Industrial Pridniprov’ye – may be characterized as crisis. There are some enterprises of Ukrainian nuclear fuel cycle (enterprises of extraction and primary processing of uranium raw materials, storages of low-active wastes and nuclear power plant) here. Existing geoecological monitoring system does not fully consider radio-ecological factor on territories near the nuclear objects of Ukrainian Southeast. Modernization of this system, including complex of geophysical methods and working out of radio-ecological block, is actual. Significant volume of tectonical information about features of Earth’s crust faults is the basis of prognostication concrete azimuths of dangerous radiological influence of natural-technogenius accidents for concrete region. Because one of the major factor, that determined both ecological and radiological situation at any region, are faults. Using the example of the nearest territories of Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant – the main of enterprises of energy producer of Ukrainian Southeast – the need for attention to tectonic factor in areal monitoring radiological geophysical researches is shown.
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Chemical composition of underground hydrosphere in sediments Bajocian Middle Jurassic Period within Kiev city
Authors S. Sharikov and D. ChomkoSummaryAs is known, the Kiev water supply is built and carried out partially on underground water usages. The main sediment hydrosphere is goes through Bajocian Middle Jurassic Period level within Kiev city.
The qualitative composition is an important tool and component for the complex of continuous regime investigation, in order to avoid possible pollution of the hydrosphere and obtain data on the current state of the hydrosphere.
As an the example of the water analysis, which was taken in the State Enterprise “Sanatorium Koncha-Zaspa”, can be considered as a complex of regime studies for the qualitative composition of hydrosphere of this specified period Bajocian Middle Jurassic Period within KIEV city. Analysis of 47 samples of the chemical water status were made here.
Analyzing the data of this deposit and taking into consideration fact that underground hydrosphere of the Jurassic period in Kiev city is used as a drinking water supply, we absolutely need more detailed studies for qualitative composition of groundwater. This is an important actionwithin the entire Kiev and, possibly, satellite closes cities.
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The analysis of the long-term changes of the growing seasons in Kyiv, Ukraine Using Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily Database
More LessSummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term changes in the timing of the growing season (GS) parameters for the city of Kyiv for 1881–2020 using daily mean temperatures for three thresholds (5, 10 and 15°C). Registered changes in the GS parameters tend to persist across all time periods except 1961–1990 during which trends are usually insignificant or have opposite direction comparing to the other intervals. The GS tend to become longer, but the mechanism of this elongation varies among the seasons. For the long GS a shift towards earlier start is responsible for the increase in the length, while for the summer GS the elongation reveals itself through the delays in the end of the season. The most prominent changes describe the active GS which, according to the results of the analysis, tends to both an earlier start and a later end. Changes in the start of the GS are more rapid than changes in the end, for example, decline of 1 day per 1.7 years versus increase of 1 day per 1.9 years for the modern standard normal period.
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Methods and perspectives of combined ecological and economic regulation by an example of the Kalush-Golinsky potassium salt deposit
Authors S. Kosharna and Y. MalkovaSummaryThe imbalance of economic and environmental indicators is one of the most pressing problems for the sustainable development of Ukraine. The decrease in foreign sales of potash mineral fertilizers with a simultaneous increase in its negative balance testifies a number of shortcomings of a systemic and organizational nature. Its reflects on the volumes and quality of domestic commodity products and significantly affects their competitiveness at the world market. At the same time regular monitoring of the environment in the west of Ukraine permanently reveals the problems associated with the technogenesis zone influence of the salt-mining complex in the Carpathian region. And primarily this affects the condition of water bodies. Based on the performed analysis of monitoring data for the last seven years and the basic characteristics of the proposed, but not implemented, proposals concerning brine management at the study area, an experiment was conducted. Within it, a combination of quantitative and financial limiting parameters with modern technological approaches to the extraction of useful components from brines was envisaged. Profitability index - one of the main financial indicators in conditions of annual discount rate fluctuating, was determined. And the conclusion about the high efficiency of such approach realization, aimed to solve a set of environmental and economic tasks, such as stabilizin g the level of environmental security and increasing the macroeconomic performance of the country was made.
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Lake ecosystem services of Lithuania: a methodological approach for mapping and assessing changes on a multi-temporal perspective
Authors M. Inácio, E. Gomes and P. PereiraSummaryLake ecosystems contribute importantly to human wellbeing through the supply of ecosystem services (ES). Despite its importance, these are some of the most degraded ecosystems on Earth. Land-use change and the effects of climate change emerge as the main drivers of this change. In Europe, it decreased many lakes' ecological status, and consequently, its ability to provide ES has decreased. Previous environmental policies failed to restore the ecological status of lakes and their ES. Ensure the provision of lake ES is vital for human wellbeing. Therefore, assessing and mapping lake ES is essential to achieve this. Moreover, with the effects of climate change expected to continue in the future and land-use changes, it is essential to understand its impacts on the ES supply. This work proposes a methodological approach to assess and map lake ES for past, present, and future environmental and socio-economic settings. The results can support spatial planning and decision-making by increasing the knowledge on lake ES and anticipating the effect of future land use and climate changes.
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Digital elevation models resolution impact on Topographic Wetness Index mapping: A case study in Coimbra (Portugal)
Authors L. V. Pinto, C. S. S. Ferreira and P. PereiraSummaryFlooding events intensity and magnitude are expected due to climate change, increasing the probability of pluvial floods, with adverse social, economic and environmental impacts. Topographic-related indexes are important to identify morphological features. The Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) is one of such indexes that can help to identify water accumulation areas. However, TWI results depend on the digital elevation models resolution. This paper analyses TWI results obtained from two DEM with different resolutions (2.5m and 10m). The results of this work contribute to identifying with more accuracy the areas potentially affected by floods.
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Magnetic and atmogeochemical studies at the hydrocarbon area Nedilna, Ukraine
Authors O. Menshov, I. Bagriy, L. Horoshkova, B. Kruhlov, O. Andreeva and O. KruglovSummaryHydrocarbons remain one of the most important fuels in the world, including Ukraine. The important is to look for new and refine existing methods of hydrocarbon exploration to improve the energy and economic level of our country. Magnetic method is one of the cheapest and most efficient technique, which includes magnetic survey, soil sampling and magnetic measurements, and studies of the deeper soil-forming rocks and near-surface layers. In this study, we combined the magnetic and atmogeochemical measurements of the soil gases related to the hydrocarbons microseepage. The study site is located on the outskirts of the village Balabanivka, Bohodukhiv district, Kharkiv region. The results confirmed that the measured magnetic and atmogeochemical parameters are the indicators of the halo effect of the hydrocarbons as well as the landscape factors. The decrease in the methane content versus the decrease in the soil magnetic susceptibility (MS) in the area of the productive well was registered. This information is promising for the application of the method at the areas of the hydrocarbon deposits at the initial stage of the exploration.
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Results of Long-Term Bacterioplankton Monitoring in the Northwestern Black Sea
Authors N. Kovalova, V. Medinets, S. Medinets, E. Cherkez, T. Kozlova and I. SoltysSummaryPurpose of the work. Study of the long-period changes in bacterioplankton abundance in the northwestern Black Sea (NWBS) under external factors. Data and Methods. The data used were collected during integrated environmental monitoring in the open coastal NWBS areas in 1978- 1997, near the Zmiinyi Island in 2003–2020 and in the Odesa Bay in 2016–2017. Total bacteria number was assessed by direct count method under microscope on membrane filters. The results of study. Maximal values of bacterioplankton number ((1.0–7.2)∙106 cells/ml) were observed in early 90s of the past century. In 2003–2020 bacterioplankton abundance was 1.6- fold lower than in 1983–1997. Mesotrophic status of water (<2.0∙106 cells/ml) was registered in 68–89% of samples, eutrophic - in 11–32% of samples only. Bacterioplankton abundance in the Odesa Bay is 1.2-fold higher than near the Zmiinyi Island coast. Significant statistical relationships between bacterioplankton abundance and chlorophyll ‘a’ and salinity were identified. Conclusions. Quantitative changes of the NWBS bacterioplankton under the influence of allochthonous substance brought by rivers were calculated. Tendency of the surface waters’ eutrophic status lowering by 40% on bacteria number in 2003–2020 compared with 1990–1995 were identified. Dominant majority (80%) of observations performed in the past 18 years gives evidence of waters’ mesotrophic status.
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Acoustic monitoring of anomaly stressed zones, determination their positions, surfaces, evaluation of catastrophic risk
Authors O. Hachay and O. KhachaySummary- Problem statement. The study of the morphology and dynamics of migration of anomalous zones associated with increased stresses is of particular importance in the development of deep deposits, complicated by dynamic phenomena in the form of rock impacts.
- Applied method and design: An important tool for this study is geophysical exploration. To describe the geological environment in the form of an array of rocks with its natural and technogenic heterogeneity, one should use its more adequate description, which is a discrete model of the medium in the form of a piecewise heterogeneous block medium with embedded heterogeneities of a lower rank than the block size.
- Typical results: We have analyzed the morphology of the structural features of disintegration zones before a strong dynamic phenomenon,that can help prevent catastrophic dynamic manifestations during the development of deep-located deposits.
- Concluding note (Practical value/implications): Active geophysical monitoring methods should be tuned to a model of a hierarchical heterogeneous environment. Iterative algorithms for 2-D modeling and interpretation for sound diffraction and a linearly polarized transverse elastic wave on the inclusion with a hierarchical elastic structure located in the J-th layer of the N-layer elastic medium are constructed.
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Monitoring and forecasting waste generation and emissions of harmful substances
Authors L. Horoshkova, Ie. Khlobystov, O. Menshov, H. Vasylchuk, V. Trysnyuk and L. FilipishynaSummaryThe study objective was to determine sustainable development conditions according to the criteria of emissions of harmful substances and waste generation when modelling impact factors of the parameters and general environmental situation in Ukraine.
It has been proved that the EKC model should be used not only to model parameters of emissions of harmful substances, but also for waste generation. Besides, it has been proved that it is necessary to take into account not only national level indicators, but also the contribution of the leading sectors driving national economy. Modelling has been carried out for the following industries: processing; mining and quarry development; agriculture, forestry and fisheries; supply of electricity, gas, steam and conditioned air; transport, warehousing, post and courier services. The models are based on correlation between GDP, average nominal income per capita, environmental costs, waste generation and emissions of harmful substances at the national level and by its leading industries. It has been determined that reaching the “turning point” on sectoral EKCs correlates waste generation and emissions with industry`s rate of remuneration, value added (sectoral GDP) and sectoral investment in environmental protection in the context of industry’s specifics.
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Environmental investments for waste management to identify the environmental Kuznets curve “turning point”
Authors Ie. Khlobystov, L. Horoshkova, D. Bikulov, O. Maslak, V. Trysnyuk and D. TarasenkoSummaryThe study objective was to determine sustainable development conditions according to the criteria of emissions of harmful substances and waste generation when modelling impact factors of the parameters and general environmental situation in Ukraine. Besides, it has been proved that it is necessary to take into account not only national level indicators, but also the contribution of the leading sectors driving national economy. Modelling has been carried out for the following industries: processing; mining and quarry development; agriculture, forestry and fisheries; supply of electricity, gas, steam and conditioned air; transport, warehousing, post and courier services. The models are based on correlation between GDP, average nominal income per capita, environmental costs, waste generation and emissions of harmful substances at the national level and by its leading industries. It has been determined that reaching the “turning point” on sectoral EKCs correlates waste generation and emissions with industry’s rate of remuneration, value added (sectoral GDP) and sectoral investment in environmental protection in the context of industry’s specifics. It has been demonstrated that in Ukraine the “turning point” on the EKC has been provided by 20% of economically active population in industries that generate 46% of emissions amid country’s average nominal income per employee and steady growth of environmental expenses for at least two years. It has been proved that the EKC for Ukraine should be analyzed by the sectors of national economy. To form effective national environmental policy, sectoral EKCs should be applied to determine emissions of harmful substances. It has been determined that the key factor to ensure country’s sustainable development is environmental investment both at the national level and by its driving economic sectors. Thus, the sectoral EKC reflects the progress towards industries' sustainable development that form main revenue receipts of the government and determine the rate of remuneration in the real sector. Modelling of the EKC parameters for emissions of harmful substances fully corresponds to the trends of sustainable economic growth and its transition to the innovative type of development.
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Assessing changes in groundwater quality of uppermost aquifers over time
More LessSummaryTo assess and forecast the groundwater status, it is necessary to establish trends in the water quality. In Ukraine, the network of the State groundwater monitoring observation wells is extremely insufficient, and there are very few monitoring data. In addition, the hydrochemical characteristics of individual water intakes may often not reflect general trends in quality changes within large hydrogeological or hydrological regions.
Under such conditions, to assess the groundwater status and changes in its quality, it is advisable to use information obtained in the process of various geological works, including hydrogeological exploration and hydrogeological mapping. The collected hydrogeological information was analyzed using geoformation technologies.
To assess temporal changes in the quality of groundwater, a comparison of the hydrochemical characteristics obtained from the results of the hydrogeological study of groundwater in the course of exploration work in the 60–70s of the last century and the hydrogeological study of the previously mapped areas in 2000–2010 was made. To assess the quality of groundwater, the methodological approaches of the National Standard of Ukraine “Sources of centralized drinking water supply. Hygienic and environmental requirements for water quality and sampling rules” (DSTU 4808: 2007) were used. The standard provides for the division of groundwater by chemical composition into four classes: excellent, good, satisfactory and mediocre.
Comparison of data for different periods clearly showed the intensive groundwater pollution process in unconfined aquifers. The maps compiled for different time periods showed the scale and irreversibility of changes in the chemical status of groundwater in the Quaternary aquifers. The use of water quality criteria of the National standard of Ukraine SSTU 4808:2007 has shown a steady tendency for water from excellent, desirable, as well as good, acceptable water quality, to satisfactory, acceptable water quality.
The assessment will be used in the process of improving the network of observation wells for groundwater monitoring in the Dnipro River basin.
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Features of research of hydrological conditions and hydrogeochemical regime of the river basins
Authors Ya. Voitovych, N. Goptarova, V. Khomyn, N. Bronitska, O. Paliychuk and L. UhrakSummaryThis work aims to evaluate hydrogeological conditions and the hydrogeochemical regime of the Styr River. In order to achieve this goal, we collected and analyzed literary sources and fund materials on the research subjects, introduced modern methods of assessing the quality of water in the Styr River Basin and carried out a geochemical assessment of the Styr River Basin.
The main results of the work enabled us to identify the direction of migration of individual chemical elements by water flows, to show how changes in one component of the Basin system lead to changes in the system as a whole. The practical recommendations suggested in this work to reduce the anthropogenic influence on the Basin systems can be used to plan measures to optimize nature management in the Styr River Basin.
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Technical and technological solutions to prevent destruction of the walls of directional wells in the mining and geological conditions of Ukrainian fields
SummaryBased on the results of the analysis of the production material on sticking of the drill string during the construction of wells at the fields of the Ukrburgaz drilling department, it was found that the geological reasons for the loss of mobility of the drilling tool are primarily the disturbance of the stability of the borehole walls as a result of crumbling and collapse of rocks. Such complications arose despite the observance of the operating and technological parameters when deepening the well, therefore it can be argued that the measures known to date do not ensure trouble-free well construction and the problem remains relevant, which determines the purpose of the work. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to conduct experimental studies that include real temperature and pressure conditions for the formation and destruction of the borehole walls. The paper proposes experimental equipment and technology for experimental studies of the influence of mining and geological as well as technical and technological factors on the stability of the walls of directional wells under simulated temperature and pressure conditions. The expediency was substantiated and a technology was proposed for using a modified fuel-bituminous bath containing 92% of heating fuel, 7% of oxidized bitumen, and 1% of sulfonol to strengthen the walls of wells composed of clay rocks with a duration of its stay in the well for 7 ÷ 8 hours.
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