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15th International Conference Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment
- Conference date: November 17-19, 2021
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 17 November 2021
81 - 100 of 107 results
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Generalized 4 component litological model and possible fields of its application
Authors S. Shnyukov, I. Lazareva, O. Bunkevych, A. Virshylo, A. Omelchenko and V. OsypenkoSummaryCalculation of the mineral composition of sedimentary rocks is a complex problem. As a rule, it is solved using average, normative or modal compositions of minerals. But this approach usually does not provide acceptable results. Solution to this problem based on a new generalized lithological model was suggested. Main components (Quartz, Clay, Carbonate and Organic) as well as some additional ones can also be calculated in this model. Results of its preliminary approbation on an example of ecological and geochemical research and regional-scale heavy mineral drainage sampling focused on large zircon detrital populations study confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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Spectrometric characteristics of different types of Kornyn granites
By D. AkimovaSummaryThere were analyzed some aspects of using spectrometric method for exploration Kornyn type of granite rocks. Made three series (grey & red Kornyn types, biotite grain) of measuring to detect differences in samples' radioactive properties and compare them. Kornyn granite type is thought to be interesting and perspective object for investigation because it is related to not well-known fragment of Ukrainian Shield’s territory and is variously shown in geophysical shields.
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Constant concentration of chemical components in produced water is an important requirement when using them as hydromineral raw materials
Authors M. V. Reva and D. F. ChomkoSummaryThe article considers one of the criteria for the possibility of using the produced water (PW) of oil and gas fields as hydromineral raw materials. For example, the authors study the PW of the Lelyakivskoye field, which has a long history of development and is in its final stages. The article defines the criteria for the use of these waters as hydromineral raw materials. The main criterion is the concentration of chemical components. However, an important issue regarding concentrations is their consistency throughout the field development period. The authors determined exactly what chemical components and their conditions in terms of content should be in the PW so that in the future they could be used as hydromineral raw materials. Bromine and magnesium are of industrial value at the Lelyakivsky deposit. This article analyzes the dynamics of concentrations of these chemical components. Bromine and magnesium concentrations were investigated during 1964–2017. The authors found that the concentrations of these components in PW throughout the period met the condition requirements. Also during this period there is a dynamics of concentrations within 10 percent.
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GPR data interpretation: 3-D modeling and visualization of layers
Authors A. Ivko and A. ChernovSummaryThe GPR surveying was proven as an informative method for investigation of civil structures (roads, buildings, archaeological objects, etc.) and natural objects for example landslides, ice caps, water level, rocks layering, etc. Generally, the research consists of three main steps: data acquisition, processing of GPR profiles, and interpretation of the output data.
The main objects of the research are ice caps on the Argentine islands, West Antarctica. Previous investigations of these ice caps have resulted in interpreted data along with profiles. Layers and interior heterogeneities are identified inside the ice. The final stage is the need to build 3D models, that can help to better understand the glaciers' environment (distribution of ice layers) or the dynamic of the interior processes during the time.
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Double model of mean interval time for anisotropic productive strata of the Dashava suite of the Sarmatian tier (within the Kosiv-Hungarian subzone of the Bilche-Volytsia zone of the Precarpathian Depression)
Authors G. Bashkirov, O. Karpenko, M. Kovalenko and L. PonomarenkoSummaryThere are certain problems in the interpretation of geophysical research data in wells (well-logging) in the deposits of the Sarmatian tier (N1s), in particular in the productive strata of the Dashava Suite (N1s1ds). The lithological and physical characteristics of the reservoirs of the productive horizons of the Dashava Suite by deposits have been studied mainly on the basis of the results of the interpretation of well-logging materials. The main laboratory studies of the core material of the Dashava Suite, in particular its lower part (Lower Dashava Subsuite) were conducted at the Letnyanske deposit.
Since the productive layers of the Dashava Suite are characterized by thin layers, it is possible to present an integrating model within a thickness equal to the resolution of the acoustic logging method as two layers, one of which is the total representation of sandy layers and the other is the total representation of clay layers.
The obtained results showed that the model adequately reflects the reservoir parameters of the anisotropic layers of the Dashava Suite and allows to determine them more clearly and quickly, without making artificial corrections and without using models that do not correspond to the accepted petrophysical connections.
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Development and implementation of automated system of geodetic monitoring on Tereble-Rikska HPP for structural control of engineering constructions
Authors O. S. Zayats, K. R. Tretyak, O. M. Smirnova and A. L. TserklevychSummaryThe paper proposes a structural diagram of an automated system for geodetic monitoring and control of spatial deformations of engineering objects. The developed system was practically implemented for monitoring of the engineering constructions of the Tereble-Rikska HPP in order to reveal and prevent potentially hazardous destructive processes.
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Development of an algorithm for increasing the image contrast of objects in an urban agglomeration with high-rise buildings
Authors V. Chumakevych, I. Puleko, V. Ptashnyk and O. SokulskyiSummaryThe use of Earth remote sensing (ERS) data is becoming more widespread in various spheres of national economic activity.
For images taken in the visible wavelength range, the shadow is an important information parameter. However, in some cases, for example, in areas with high-rise buildings, the shadow can hide part of the information in the image. Therefore, various methods of increasing the contrast are used. However, the problem of storing information on parts of the image with different brightness and contrast remains complex.
Analysis of the methods proved that increasing the contrast in the shadow area is a significant problem.
As an example, consider changing the contrast in an image. To assess the contrast over the entire field of the digital image, we use the dimensionless normalized index.
For high-quality image contrasting, the use of the general contrast ratio KS is proved to be quite effective. The proposed method can be implemented using the ArcGIS and ENVI software packeges.
An algorithm has been developed as well as a technology for solving the problem of increasing local contrasts in the shadow in aerospace images.
The conducted case studies have confirmed the efficiency of the proposed algorithms and their sufficient efficiency.
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Investigation of organic contaminants with different origins by the GC-MS method to select the best polymer for the storage and transportation of meteorite fragments
By R. BukatiukSummaryIn this paper, the GC-MS analysis was used to choose the best polymer material for the meteorite transportation and preservation. It is essential to investigate the organic contaminants of meteorites that appear while handling them because they have different genesis and can strongly influence the obtained scientific results. First, the comparison of the physical properties, the accessibility, and the price of the materials allowed us to select the PVC film and the PET tape as the best amongst all the seven polymers. Then, the GC-MS technique was utilized to discover the contaminants and the VWR ultrasonic cleaner was used to identify their stability. The origin of the contaminants was defined by analyzing the pass of contaminants. As a result, there were detected four groups of contamination: through cleaning, from the PET tape, the PVC film, and the applicator. The organic molecules from the polymers did not remain on the samples, thus, both PVC and PET can be used for meteorite storage. The PET tape was chosen as the best material because it could be completely cleansed by the cleaner. Nevertheless, the experiment should be conducted few more times to make sure of the accuracy of the results.
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Conductivity structure of the Donbas Foldbelt and Karpinsky Swell
Authors I. I. Rokityansky and A. V. TereshynSummaryThe object of this study is the electrical conductivity structure of the Donbas Foldbelt (DF) and Karpinsky Swell (KS) located at the junction of the Precambrian East European Craton and Scythian Plate. This paper describes the results obtained by the methods of magnetic variation profiling (MVP) and magnetotelluric sounding (MTS). MVP at long periods carries reliable information on the large scale conductivity anomalies and provides its location and some integral parameters. MTS’ task is to determine the depth and details of the conductors that is difficult because of many distortions. Donbas data presented by many MVP and MTS sites distributed by a strip, KS data presented by two quasi-linear profiles with dense spacing. Collected data convincingly show that in the middle crust of the Donbas Foldbelt and Karpinsky Swell one unified/single electrical conductivity anomaly is located. It has very high longitudinal conductance G of the order 109 S×m. The anomaly is traced at a distance of ≈500 km from 39°E to 44°E and seemingly attains Caspian Sea and may be the Mangyshlak Karatau at Turanian Plate. Geological and geophysical data support this conclusion.
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Experiment Volgograd - Donbass
Authors I. I. Rokityansky and M. V. RevaSummaryTo study the electrical conductivity of the Earth, it is necessary to ensure the penetration of the electric field to required depth and to register on the Earth’s surface the response to this field from the object under study. The depth of penetration of artificial source is determined by the product of current launched into the ground by the distance between the grounds. In 1986, unique all-Union experiment “Volgograd-Donbass” was carried out, when a voltage of 800 kV was applied to a line 473 km long and current pulses of ± 700 A with duration 102.4 s were passed through the electrodes. The complexity of the source, containing the electric and magnetic modes, and the complexity of the Donbas geoelectric structure did not allow at that time to interpret the observations obtained in Donbas. In this work, the first step in solving the problem is made: the source field is studied on the model of a homogeneous half-space. The theoretical and computational part of the work is devoted to this. The values of electric and magnetic fields are calculated. A short review of the lithosphere soundings carried out with super-powerful sources in the last 50 years is given in Introduction.
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Landscape-ecological identification of Geopathic Stress Zones for electromagnetic monitoring
Authors L. Bilous, V. Samoilenko, P. Shyshchenko and O. HavrylenkoSummaryIt is proposed to consider the natural geomagnetic state of geosystems as a subject of electromagnetic monitoring. Geopathic Stress Zones are distinguished as extreme manifestations of an abnormal natural geomagnetic field. The natural preconditions of the hierarchy of geoactive structures are determined. The results of research of regional geomagnetic manifestations in Kirovohradskyi region are presented. The expediency of application of the gradient model of landscape-ecological geoinformation analysis for identification of geotopes with different geomagnetic states is substantiated. Spatial analysis of the surface of the residual lithogenic-pedogenic component of geosystems is proposed as a gradient method of knowing the geomagnetic state. The class of pixels characterized by the power of the lithogenic-pedogenic component less than zero is determined to correspond to the geotopes of inter-block faults. These same geotopes are characterized as locations with strong manifestations of geopathic stress.
The share of geotopes with absent or low-power lithogenic-pedogenic component is defined as the largest in the locations of Golovanyska and Inguletsko-KryvyiRih suture zones. It is noted that the Golovanivsky and Oleksandriysky administrative districts are assigned to these zones. These districts are selected as a priority in the Kirovohradskyi region for the justification and implementation of the electromagnetic monitoring system.
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Combined method of UV treatment and ozonation during water disinfection in swimming pools
Authors A. Semenov, S. Vyzhva, T. Sakhno, N. Semenova and O. NikityukSummaryOperation of pools requires a complex of measures for filtering and disinfection of water. An extremely urgent task when disinfecting water in swimming pools is the use of UV-technologies, which completely eliminate pathogenic microflora and do not result in formation in the process of decontamination of toxic compounds. Bacteriological studies of water in the pool found that ultraviolet decontamination does not meet the requirements of the general microbiological number of CFU/cm3, since there is no after radiation. The technology of complex water disinfection in swimming pools is proposed with the help of UV radiation and with the use of ozone formed by short-wave UV radiation of lamps. The study of the effectiveness of bactericidal decontamination of water using the installation was carried out in a pool of 80 m3. This installation provides a dose of irradiation of water not less than 250 J/m2 and additional ozonation with an amount of ozone of approximately 0,1 g/m3 of water. In order to ensure circulation of water, at least 5 times the exchange, two sets of capacity of 10 m3/h were installed per day. At additional ozonation, the microbiological number does not exceed 25 CFU/cm3. Additional ozonation (with a dose of 0,1 g/m3) using the UV technology of disinfection of water provides the necessary bacteriological purity of water in small pools, while the residual concentration of ozone in water does not exceed 0,015 mg/l.
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Deconvolution of water chemistry concentrations into components: background, anthropogenic, and resulting from changes in meteorological parameters
Authors L. Kovalchuk, N. Osadcha and V. OsadchyiSummaryFollowing most EU countries, Ukraine implements the ecological principle of water resources management, the main purpose of which is to achieve a “good” ecological status for all water bodies.
The High ecological status corresponds to the natural conditions of aquatic ecosystems, when indicators of the water chemistry are within their natural concentrations. Considering the current anthropogenic pressure, the ranges of natural variability of concentrations are important, being a natural background.
The main goal of this work was to develop a new stochastic approach to estimating background concentrations. Using the convolution theory and random processes theory, at the first stage, we developed an algorithm for separating the actual concentrations of water chemistry parameters into natural and anthropogenic components. At the second stage, the task was to take into account changes in meteorological parameters during the deconvolution of actual concentrations. The result of this work is a methodology that would allow separating the actual concentrations of water chemistry not only into the background and anthropogenic components but also assess the component resulting from changes in meteorological parameters.
Practical application of the developed technique has been demonstrated on the example of sulfate ions in the water of the Bilenka river.
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Features of acoustic emission, anelastic characteristics of sandstone SiO2, quartzite
Authors A. Onanko, O. Shabatura, D. Charnyi, Y. Onanko, O. Dmytrenko and M. KulishSummaryThe presence of many acoustic emission secondary maxima indicates the variety of material composition and structure of the rock, a set of allotigenic and authigenic minerals, cement composition, texture, and conveys, to some extent, the nature of the dia-and catagenetic processes. The measuring of internal friction background Q-10 after temperature, mechanical treatments gives information about the changes of the elastic strains σi fields in rock. The elastic modulus E, the shear modulus G, Poisson coefficient μ, internal friction Q-1 are dependent from the texture, microcrack formation, minerals anisotropy. The analysis of the elastic anisotropy parameters sedimentary rocks SiO1 showed that the rhombic approximation provided the maximum harmonization of the calculated and the experimental data and the efficiency of using the invariant-polarization method to solve the acoustic texture analysis problems. The general conclusions were obtained: they are represented by fine grains with grain sizes d < 100 mkm, the same range of values of quasi-longitudinal ultrasonic velocity VP, elastic module E, “fast” quasi-transverse ultrasound velocity VS, shear module G, Puasson coefficient μ, Debye temperature θD, the open porosity coefficient KPO is high.
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The Statistical Simulation of 2-D Random Fields with Generalized Gneiting Correlation Function in the Geophysics Problem of Environment Monitoring
Authors Z. Vyzhva, V. Demidov and A. VyzhvaSummaryThe model and algorithm were developed by using optimal generalized Gneiting type correlation function and examples on this base statistical simulation of karst-suffusion phenomena were given in the problem of density chalk strata monitoring at the Rivne NPP area. The statistical model of averaged density chalk strata distribution was built in the plane and statistical simulation algorithm was developed using generalized Gneiting type correlation function on the basis of spectral decomposition. The additionally modeled realizations of research subject were obtained with required detail and regularity at the observation grid based on the developed software. Statistical analysis of the numerical simulation results was done and tested its adequacy.
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Methods for evaluating economic indicators of the industry
Authors N. Shmygol, O. Galtsova, O. Trokhymets, S. Bazarbayeva, M. Serikova, L. Matvejciuk and K. AntoniukSummaryThe article considers the methods of evaluating the industry by improving the methodology for diagnosing the financial condition of the mining industry, which is based on existing approaches to rapid analysis of industrial enterprises, taking into account the peculiarities of input data, which allows monitoring and timely response to financial problems.
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Urban soil pollution in Kyiv determined from magnetic and geochemical studies
Authors I. Tsiupa, K. Bondar and O. KozionovaSummaryThe paper presents the results of integrated magnetic and geochemical studies of the topsoil from the city of Kyiv in order to assess pollution with heavy metals.
The optimal geochemical soil testing network based on the detailed magnetic susceptibility map of the topsoil is considered.
A positive correlation between magnetic susceptibility and the content of certain chemical elements in urban soils as well as Pollution Load Index (PLI) has been demonstrated.
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The seismic micro-zoning of the area of the main structures of Kaniv HPP
Authors I. Sapuzhak, S. Verbitskyj and O. KogutSummaryThe geological structure, geological-geophysical and seismotectonic characteristics of the area of the main structures of Kaniv HPP are given. The seismotectonic substantiation of the selected zones of possible earthquake foci (PEF) in the conditions of the ancient platform is given. A brief description of seismically active areas that affect the seismicity of the area of the Kaniv HPP, in particular the Crimea and the Carpathians (Vrancea zone). Quantitative assessment of design (DE) and maximum estimated (MEE) earthquakes for Kaniv HPP has been made. The results of seismic micro-zoning (SMZ) by the method of seismogeological analogies and the following instrumental methods are given, namely the registration of high-frequency microseismics, earthquakes and explosions and the method of seismic stiffness. The seismic equipment used for engineering geophysical searchings and methods of field observations is presented. The increments of seismic intensity by the ratio of amplitudes of microseismics registered at the study site and at the reference point, the speed of propagation of seismic waves in geological horizons are determined. The increments of the intensity of seismic shaking (intensity scale) were calculated by the method of seismic stiffness, the increase of seismic intensity due to the influence of the depth of the groundwater level.
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The relevance of atmospheric air monitoring in the tourist strategy of Paris: best practices for Kyiv
Authors N. Matviienko, V. Matviienko, O. Malynovska and V. StafiichukSummarySustainability criteria of tourism development defined by the Global Sustainable Tourism Council are recommended to be used for elaboration of requirements for policy documents for tourism development at all levels of management. As France is a world leader in sustainable tourism and Paris is one of the most visited tourist destinations in the world, studying its best practices can be useful for implementation in Kyiv. The analysis of the Paris Tourism Development Strategy until 2022 confirmed that the authorities of the capital and leading experts in the field of tourism in France attach great importance to the promotion of sustainable tourism. The priority principle is the development of tourism in the framework of preserving the quality of life of the local population, as well as maintaining social, economic and natural balance. As transport is one of the biggest polluters of the atmosphere, in order to solve this problem in Paris, a scientifical approach is used. In particular, not only the state of air quality and traffic flows of the city is monitored, but information is analyzed and systematized and specific recommendations are worked out for the city authorities, in order they could make make specific decisions. Thus, the policy of Paris has good results, because according to the World Report on Air Quality in the Cities of the World, we can see a slight but stable improvement in air quality in the French capital in recent years.
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Spatial heterogenity of exchangable potassium in the phaozems and chernozems of Ukraine
Authors O. Tonkha, O. Menshov, O. Pikovska, K. Karabach and O. BykovaSummaryHeterogeneity of soil need be studied when developing crop fertilization systems, especially in precision farming technologies. One of the main elements of plant nutrition is potassium, the content of which depends on the mineralogical, particle size distribution of soils and parent materials, features of geomorphological and hydrological conditions of the territory. The aim of the present study was to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of exchangeable potassium in chernozem depending on the granulometric content of the territory. The research was conducted on a stationary experiment in Kyiv region of Ukraine. In the soil samples were determined the texture and particle size distribution of the soil, the content of exchangeable potassium. The average dependence of the exchangeable potassium content on the particle size distribution of the soil was established. The content of exchangeable potassium ranged from 58 to 175 ppm, the largest number of events was content of 175 ppm in samples. The content of particles less than 0.01 mm varied from 20 to 53%, i.e. according to the classification of N.A. Kaczynski texture varied from light loam to heavy loam, in 54.4% of the samples the medium loamy texture was determined.
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