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AAPG/EAGE/SPE Shale Gas Workshop
- Conference date: 15 Oct 2012 - 17 Oct 2012
- Location: Muscat, Oman
- Published: 15 October 2012
29 results
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Is There Potential to Develop a Shale Gas Play in PDO Block 6?
By S. ScholtenThis paper presents the key criteria used to define the prospectivity of the gas source rock plays in Oman and the first planning and execution steps to explore, appraise and develop these opportunities.
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The Potential Pitfalls in Exploring and Developing MENA Shale Gas
By T. AddisTechnology has been developed over that last 20 years focusing on accessing the shale gas and shale oil resources in North America. Many of the same challenges encountered in North America will be encountered during developments of shale gas and shale oil in the MENA region. Additional challenges will also be experienced in MENA which have not been addressed in earlier developments - technically, environmentally, commercially, operationally and politically. This presentation addresses some of the similarities and contrasts which are expected during shale gas exploration and developments in the Middle East compared to North America, building upon earlier publications and presentations.
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Middle East Shale Gas Challenges Compared to North America - Economic vs. Geology
More LessUnconventional Gas changing the Global Energy landscape. Exploratory Shale Gas drilling is occurring in Middle East after successful development and exploitation in NAM. This presentation will highlight some of potential issues that may be important to consider on the unconventional gas development in Middle East
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Track Record for Tractor technologies in Shale Plays; Pulling Microseismic Arrays, Pushing Logging Tools and Cleaning Cement and Sand
By B. SchwanitzThis poster will present a summary of operations in the USA shale plays showing the range of e-line services performed on tractors. 3 cases will also be presented: 1. Conveying (pulling) a microseismic array for monitoring a fracturing operation 2. Conveying (pushing) logging and perforating services 3. Combining milling and cleaning services
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Moving from Tight to Shale Gas - Framing the Challenges
By A. BrinerPetroleum Development Oman (PDO) has recently started an ambitious tight and deep gas exploration programme exploring for previously untapped reservoirs. These resources are typically in previously undrilled formations at great depths, with high temperatures and unknown pressure regimes, and uncertain fluid fill and composition.
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Natih B Shale Oil Potential, Oman Block 15
By P. WillumsenThe Natih B formation is a well-known source rock in Oman. On Block 15 in northern Oman it is 25 m thick, has a TOC of ca. 5% and is early mature for gas. Block 15 has a 1,100 m long sidetrack parallel top Natih B within a distance of 15-20 m. It is presently being considered whether this sidetrack should be frack'ed and used to test the shale gas potential of the block.
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The Resolution Required for Reservoir Characterization and Completions Design in Shale Gas Exploration
By M.S. EganLateral heterogeneity in shale gas reservoirs can go down to the scale of the perforation cluster. In terms of recognizing spatial heterogeneity in the big picture, 3D seismic is king. But how much resolution can it provide? This presentation addresses this question for a cross-disciplinary audience of geologists, geophysicists, and engineers.
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Geomechanical Considerations in Drilling, Completions and Stimulation of Shale Gas/Oil Reservoirs
By S. KhanShale formations have laminated structures that result in directionally dependent geomechanical properties and anisotropic horizontal stresses. Traditional isotropic stress approaches typically used in pre-drill wellbore stability analysis do not consider 3D azimuthal anisotropy present in shales. Ignoring anisotropy generally results in underestimation of stresses, which can lead to incorrect safe trajectories or mud-weights predictions. Similarly, completion design approaches used in conventional reservoirs do not take material anisotropy or the laminated nature of shales into consideration. This has often led to incorrect conclusions about lateral landing points and perforation intervals.
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Integrated Evaluation of Alleged Contamination of the Trinity Aquifer in Texas by Barnett Gas Production
By Z. ChogleIn 2010 the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) received a complaint from a local landowner that natural gas appeared in his water well after Range Production Company began producing gas from two horizontal wells completed in the Barnett Formation. Several months later the EPA issued an Emergency Administrative Order, concluding Range caused or contributed to the presence of methane and benzene in two water wells. However, the areal distribution of dissolved biodegraded gas and microbial gas supports the conclusion derived from independent geological, geochemical, and petroleum engineering data that Strawn gas sands (not the Range gas wells) are the source of the natural gas dissolved in the Trinity Aquifer in this area: e.g., natural gas commonly occurs in local water wells.
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Managing Water in the US Woodford Shale
By G. GesoffDevelopment of BP’s Woodford Shale Play, an unconventional development, requires a significant quantity of water to drill and Complete wells, and thereby enabling production. The development of these shale plays requires 5-10 times more water than historical onshore developments; ranging from 100,000 – 150,000 barrels of water per well. The Woodford Shale Play utilizes roughly 140,000 barrels of water per well.
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Applications of Lessons Learnt from North America for Effective Exploration Strategies in the Middle East Shale Plays?
By P. RichterThe effective and economic development of international plays will have the benefit of being able to accelerate the process by taking advantage of the lessons learnt in North America. Trying to build on the lessons learnt from North America, the IEA recently published “The Golden Rules of the Golden Age of Gas”. In conjunction with these Golden Rules, we will explore the lessons learnt, new workflows, technologies, and processes to see how they can be applied to the exploration strategies for shale gas in the Middle East.
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Finding the Prize in a Sea of Devonian Mudstone, Canada
By E. ShawAn integrated, systematic approach combining subsurface characterization with preliminary development planning was undertaken to evaluate a vast shale basin to enable identification of opportunities. Detailed data from well understood plays (eg: Horn River) were leveraged to construct a robust assessment in areas where there are only a few wells and no production data. Field outcrop work was also employed to augment subsurface analyses.
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Petrophysical Approach of Porosity Evaluation of Upper Jurassic Unconventional Shale Gas - A Case Study from Kuwai
By A. RabieThe Upper Jurassic Najmah formation is an unconventional reservoir in Kuwait and characterized by high concentration organic matter content TOC, low core matrix porosity, ultra-low matrix permeability for economic flow rates. These large open fractures supporting the high flow rates. Organic-rich shale is the future challenging.
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Proppant Selection for Shale Plays: Does Conductivity Matter?
More LessThe goal in unconventional reservoirs is to contact as much rock as possible with a fracture or a fracture network of appropriate conductivity. This objective is typically accomplished by drilling horizontal wells and placing multiple transverse fracs along the lateral. While most parameters are considered in great detail in the completion design.
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Analysis of Borehole Gas with Direct Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
By D.L. HallDirect quadrupole mass spectrometry (DQMS) applied to analysis of borehole gas while drilling provides insight into petroleum systems, and can be used for reservoir characterization. The technique has been applied to a number of wells worldwide over the last few years, including conventional and unconventional reservoirs in the Middle East. Theory, practice, application and examples will be discussed.
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Experimental Study of Fluid Transport Processes in the Matrix System of European Organic-rich Shales: Posidonia and Alum Shales
More LessThe rapid increase of shale gas exploration worldwide has created growing awareness of deficiencies in our understanding of fluid transport properties in these complex unconventional reservoirs. The production of shale gas requires a thorough understanding of the fluid conductivity properties of both, the fractured rock and the shale matrix. This contribution will focus on the matrix transport characteristics of selected organic-rich shales, differing in mineralogy, TOC (6-14 %) and maturity (0.6-2.4 %Ro).
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Gas Shale Pore Geometry Evaluation, an Example from the Perth Basin, Western Australia
More LessEvery shale reservoir is unique, the pore structure and fluid flux characteristics differ significantly between formations due to lithological differences. These reservoirs may contain large amount of natural gas. In fact, producing hydrocarbons from shale reservoirs is challenging primarily due to the very low matrix permeability (nano-darcy).
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Predicting TOC, Organic Porosity and Gas Retention Distribution in a Shale-gas System
By I. MorettiNatural gas generated by thermal maturation of organic matter is for a part expelled and, for another part, retained in the source rock itself. The production of this retained part is the goal of the gas shale EP projects. It is now known that this gas is for a part free in the porosity and fracture network of the source rock but also adsorbed on the shale matrix and on the kerogen. Natural gas adsorption capacity is pressure and temperature dependant but for a kerogen it is also almost a linear function of its organic content (TOC).
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Surface Seismic for Shale Gas Exploration
By M.S. EganThis presentation covers the evolution of survey design, processing, and inversion needed for empowering the seismic method to assist in the characterization of reservoir quality and completion design in shale gas plays. The discussion is constructed for a cross-disciplinary audience of geologists, geophysicists, andengineers.
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Innovative Approach to Shale Analysis: Combination of Macro- and Micro-Computerized Tomography
By S. CaliskanFor successful image analysis in unconventional reservoir characterization, combining the medical and micro-CT is an essential phase, i.e. the first is used in screening and locating desired depth for further studies, whilst the second can yield further details about the fine features with regards to porosity, mineralogy and heterogeneity and more.
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RoqSCAN Technology Puts Real-time Automated Mineralogy on the Well Site
By G. OliverOne of the key challenges associated with shale play exploration and production involves understanding the reservoir characterization in order to effectively manage a cost-effective development program.
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Tapping Shale Resources: An Emerging Exploration Concept in Kuwait
By R. HusainThe state of Kuwait is endowed with prolific hydrocarbon resources occurring over a wide range of stratigraphic spectrum. While conventional exploration for oil and gas in the country has kept pace with the global efforts, unconventional resources, particularly shale gas and oil are yet to find a place in the country’s energy basket. The paper details the shale resource potential of Kuwait and unconventional workflows to identify sweet spots for future exploration.
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Seismic for Unconventionals Technique Defines Sweet Spots in Shales
By M.S. EganSeismic for Unconventionals is an integrated workflow that includes seismic, log and core data and specialized data analysis, providing early understanding of the varying conditions of reservoir quality and completion quality across a field that define sweetspots versus poor areas.
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The Silurian Shale Gas Potential of Turkey
By Ş. ŞenThe Silurian formations in the Western Pontide contain 1120 m thick siltstone-sandstone, limestone and black shale. The siltstone-sandstone-limestone to shale ratio ranges from 1:2 to 1:3. The shales have a fair to good source rock potential because TOC content is ranging from 0.18 to 1.72 %. Organic matter type is type III. Tmax values were measured between 452 and 487 °C. The Silurian shales contain 42-47% quartz, 17-51 calcite and 3-42% clay. Therefore, the Western Pontide Silurian shales have shale gas potential. The Silurian formations in the Eastern Tauride consist of a nearly 200 m thick sandstone, limestone and black shale. The sandstone-limestone to shale ratio ranges from 1:2 to 1:3. The shales have fair to good source rock potential because TOC content is ranging from 0.18 to 1.95 %. The Silurian shales are represented by overmature organic matter. Thus, the Eastern Touride shales have probably limited shale gas potential although fair to good source rock potential and suitable mineralogical content. The Silurian shales of the SE Anatolia have a good to excellent source rock potential because TOC content is ranging from 0.4 to 17%. However, the shales have a restricted shale gas potential because the source rocks generally fall into the oil generation zone.
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Shale Gas in West of Iran
By N. AhmadiAll field geological observation and subsurface evidences collected from deep drilled wells in west of Iran (Kermanshah province). Also, geological, geochemical and gas chromatographic studies while drilling in Nowsoud irrigation tunnel throughout Upper Cretaceous rocks confirms availability of large valume of shale gas in mentioned area.
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Application of Combined Cuttings Gas/Oil Analysis, Rapid XRF and High Resolution Photography to Evaluation of Unconventional Reservoirs
By D.L. HallExploration and exploitation of increasingly complex reservoirs, along with technical challenges associated with optimizing horizontal wells into tight or unconventional pay sections benefits from new approaches involving additional data collected in a cost effective and time effective manner. Herein we describe one such methodology applicable to samples that are historically viewed as being of limited value, namely, unpreserved cuttings. The rock is photographed under visible and UV light, crushed and analyzed for included hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon species with a sensitive mass spectrometry system, and finally probed for its elemental composition with a customized XRF analyzer.
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The Evolution of Optimization in the Barnett Shale
By J. OttmanThe Fort Worth Basin in north Texas covers approximately 34 million acres. Along its eastern flank, 2 million acres have been defined as the Barnett core play area. ExxonMobil's affiliate, XTO Energy, develops and manages approximately 235,000 acres throughout this core region. As one of the first shale gas plays to begin a large scale development, initial industry practices in the Barnett were often guided by uncalibrated conventional assumptions that hindered cost effective depletion programs.
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International Shale Gas Partnership: China Sichuan Shale Gas Project Case Study
By N. FeastThere is growing international interest in shale gas development, due to the recent advances in technology and operating practices which are unlocking large shale gas resources across North America and changing the energy outlook. China is estimated to have similar resource potential and, given the large and growing energy demand and existing gas infrastructure, several evaluation projects have been initiated.
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Global Trends and Local Challenges Reshaping Shale Gas Development Strategies
By C. FeddIn less than a decade, the petroleum industry has experienced significant change associated with the development of shale gas reservoirs. Integration of technologies such as horizontal wells and multistage fracturing has enabled much greater reservoir contact, and the industry has been effective in porting these technologies around the world. It has also become recognized that a reservoir-centric approach with an integrated team of multidisciplinary experts is required to optimize the overall drilling, completion, and stimulation design, as reservoir characteristics vary from shale basin to shale basin. And, additional local challenges are playing a role, as shale gas development is also influenced by local resource constraints, logistical challenges, and market drivers. These local challenges can play a significant role in defining the optimum development strategy, especially given the sheer volume of proppant, water, chemicals, and trucks typically required to support shale gas operations. Although the specific local challenges may be different, the industry is moving in a consistent direction to improve efficiency and increase production with fewer resources and less waste. This presentation will provide a snapshot of how global trends in shale gas are accelerating the learning curve around the world and, at the same time, how reservoir conditions and local constraints are reshaping the development of basin specific solutions. It is through the right mix of global solutions and local customizations that basin specific solutions will reshape shale gas development strategies in the years to come.
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