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66th EAGE Conference & Exhibition
- Conference date: 07 Jun 2004 - 10 Jun 2004
- Location: Paris, France
- Published: 07 June 2004
1 - 50 of 562 results
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Time-Lapse Seismic Extends the Lifetime of the Gullfaks Field
Authors L.K. Strønen and P. DigranesA001 TIME-LAPSE SEISMIC EXTENDS THE LIFETIME OF THE GULLFAKS FIELD Summary 1 Three full field time-lapse datasets and two ocean bottom seismic (OBS) datasets have been acquired over the Gullfaks Field after the baseline survey in 1985. The time-lapse data have so far resulted in the successful drilling of nine infill targets and it is estimated that the 4D technology will add value exceeding 200 MUSD for the asset during the life-time of the field. Significant parts of the field cannot be covered by surface seismic due to the presence of three platforms and two loading buoys. However it has
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Weyburn Field – From Integrated 4D 9C Seismic Analysis to Flow Simulation
Authors M. Terrell, T. Galikeev, H. Yamamoto, T.L. Davis and R. BensonA003 WEYBURN FIELD: FROM INTEGRATED 4D 9C SEISMIC ANALYSIS TO FLOW SIMULATION Introduction Enhanced oil recovery through CO2 injection is a commercially proven technology and allows additional recovery of typically 10-15% of the OOIP. Multicomponent time-lapse seismic data provide a valuable insight on dynamics of a reservoir. The baseline data provide information static reservoir characterization including possible interconnected fracture zones. Analysis of seismic data acquired over the same area but at different periods in time helps to monitor fluid front movement assists in detecting changes in rock properties caused by CO2 injection allows optimization of the field production. Integrating the
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Practical Dynamic Updating of Reservoir Models Using Frequently Aquired 4D Seismic Data
Authors K.D. Stephen, J. Soldo, C. MacBeth and M. ChristieA005 PRACTICAL DYNAMIC UPDATING OF RESERVOIR MODELS USING FREQUENTLY AQUIRED 4D SEISMIC DATA Abstract 1 We have developed a quantitative approach where repeated (time lapse) seismic surveys can be integrated into reservoir modelling and simulation studies to provide a more accurate understanding of the reservoir uncertainty and the controlling parameters. Our seismic history matching method bypasses many of the data handling problems of current approaches by converting reservoir simulation properties to the seismic grid in a systematic manner. We have apply this method to a synthetic geological model and to a field study of a UKCS reservoir. We present the
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Characterization of Hydraulic Rock Properties Using Probability of Induced Microseismicity
Authors E. Rothert, S. Rentsch and S.A. ShapiroA006 CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDRAULIC ROCK PROPERTIES USING PROBABILITY OF INDUCED MICROSEISMICITY Abstract 1 In this paper we present a new approach for estimating the hydraulic parameters of rocks using an analysis of the spatial distribution of microseismic events induced by fluid injection. Such a monitoring of microseismicity can be used to characterize rocks in terms of hydraulic properties. Knowledge about these properties is important especially for an optimized developement of geothermal or hydrocarbon reservoirs. Our approach is based on the hypothesis that the propagation of triggering of injection-induced microseismic events can be described by a diffusive process of pore pressure
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Microseismic Monitoring of the Yibal Oilfield
Authors R.H. Jones, D. Raymer, G. Mueller, H. Rynja and K. MaronA007 MICROSEISMIC MONITORING OF THE YIBAL OILFIELD JONES RH 1 RAYMER D 1 MUELLER G 2 RYNJA H 2 MARON K 3 Introduction 1 In February 2002 ABB Offshore Systems (ABB) and Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) initiated a collaborative microseismic (passive seismic) monitoring trial in the Yibal field Oman. Technical support to the project was also supplied from Shell E&P Technology and Research (SepTAR). The overall project objective was to acquire a large data set of production induced microseismic activity and investigate how this data could be used to monitor the movement of fluids map changes in reservoir stresses due
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Reservoir Characterisation Based on Seismicity Induced after the End of Fluid Injections
Authors M. Parotidis, S.A. Shapiro and E. Rothert1 A008 RESERVOIR CHARACTERISATION BASED ON SEISMICITY INDUCED AFTER THE END OF FLUID INJECTIONS M. PAROTIDIS 1 S.A. SHAPIRO 1 E. ROTHERT 1 1 Freie Universitaet Berlin Department of Geophysics Malteserstr. 74-100 12249 Berlin Germany Abstract. This study concentrates on events triggered by borehole fluid injections especially after the end of injection. It is assumed that pore-pressure diffusion is the main triggering mechanism. Based on the theory of poroelasticity we derive an equation that describes the distance from injection point where seismicity extinguishes at a given time after the end of fluid injection. We call this distance the back front
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Reservoir Characterization of an Ultra-Deepwater Giant Oil Field Offhsore Brazil
Authors C. Rodriguez-Suarez, J.A.B. de Souza, D.J. Sarzenski, M. Ida and V.L.G. EliasA009 RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ULTRA-DEEPWATER GIANT OIL FIELD OFFSHORE BRAZIL Abstract 1 Roncador field at Campos Basin is characterized by the presence of several compartments with distinct hydrocarbon API grades and fluid contacts. Geologic modeling involved the determination of spatial distribution of key reservoir petrophysical properties interpolated between wells by seismic data constrain. Modeling results suggest a dominant depositional control of petrophysical properties. Despite the encouraging results some questions related to blocks and reservoir connections and reservoir heterogeneities are yet to be answered. Roncador field: geological aspects Roncador field is located 130 Km offshore Brazilian southeastern coast and produces
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Integrated Geosciences Approach to Optimal Development of a Deep HP/HT Complex Field – Deep JUSEPIN Case, Venezuela
Authors E. Pitrat, A. Lara, S. Delahaye, F. Limongi and M. DurandeauA010 INTEGRATED GEOSCIENCES APPROACH TO OPTIMAL DEVELOPMENT OF A DEEP HP/HT COMPLEX FIELD: DEEP JUSEPIN CASE (VENEZUELA) E. PITRAT A. LARA S. DELAHAYE F. LIMONGI M. DURANDEAU TOTAL OIL & GAS VENEZUELA Summary Jusepin Field is located in the North Monagas State of Venezuela in the trend of the El Furrial. Deep Jusepin field proved a difficult reservoir to develop due to its characteristics: Deep HP/HT field presence of a complex reservoir fluid (highly under-saturated critical fluid with problematic behaviour of asphaltenes) complex structural setting partially blind seismic. The field was developed from 1997/1998 under natural depletion with a mix
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The Akshabulak Channel Model – An Interdisciplinary Approach to Handle Complex Reservoirs
Authors R. Klöckner, S. Baltrusch, L. Bellmann, E. Øyvann and R. ThränhardtA011 THE AKSHABULAK CHANNEL MODEL – AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO HANDLE COMPLEX RESERVOIRS SUMMARY AND INTRODUCTION S.BALTRUSCH 1 L.BELLMANN 1 R.KLÖCKNER 1 E.ØYVANN 2 R.THRÄNHARDT 1 1 EEG – Erdgas Erdöl GmbH Zimmerstaße 56 10117 Berlin Germany EAGE 66 th Conference & Exhibition – Paris France 7 – 10 June 2004 1 2 Schlumberger Aslakveien 14A 0753 Oslo Norway. This paper describes the modeling of the Upper Jurassic Yu 0/Yu I channel sandstones of the Akshabulak field. The Akshabulak oil field is located in the South Turgay Basin in Kazakhstan (fig. 1). The field was discovered in 1989 proving oil
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Seismic Facies Analysis for Fluvial Depositions Characterization, the Fergana Valley Example
Authors A. Rykov, T.L. Babadzhanov, R. Larijani, G. Shilov and A. AhverdievA012 SEISMIC FACIES ANALYSIS FOR FLUVIAL DEPOSITIONS CHARACTERIZATION THE FERGANA VALLEY EXAMPLE 1 Abstract Seismic facies analyses have become an important part of present day exploration and development of oil and gas plays. A large part of the value of seismic facies analysis depends however on whether or not local geological factors have been taken into account correctly. The importance of this is even more dominant when dealing with lithological or combined structural-lithological traps. To illustrate such seismic facies analysis this paper presents the results of a study of the deep oil and gas field in the Fergana Valley a
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3D Modelling of Stacked Turbidite Channels – Impact on Dynamic Reservoir Simulations
Authors R. Labourdette, J. Seguin, P. Biver, F. Temple and J.-A. HegreA013 3D MODELLING OF STACKED TURBIDITE CHANNELS - IMPACT ON DYNAMIC RESERVOIR SIMULATIONS Summary 1 AUTHOR(S) R. LABOURDETTE 1 J. SEGUIN 1 P. BIVER 1 F. TEMPLE 1 and J-A. HEGRE 2 Address 1 Total Geoscience Technologies Dept ISS CSTJF Avenue Larribau 64018 Pau Cedex France 2 Total E&P UK plc - Geoscience Research Centre Based on the production from fields consisting of turbidite deposits it is evident that fluid flow behaviour is more complex than anticipated. The cause is linked to the fine-scale sedimentary heterogeneities which complicate the reservoir characteristics especially in turbiditic channel complexes having a laterally offset
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Combined Reservoir Characterization and Modeling
Authors R. Morton, R.B. Simono, M.J. Mashayekhi, P. Crookall, B. Vos and P. van der MadeA014 COMBINED RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING Summary 1 Often the ultimate goal of G&G exploration efforts is final integration of all knowledge regarding a field into a dynamic reservoir model. Geophysical geological and engineering data are incorporated in a subsurface flow-properties model. The model is matched to production history and used for forecasting and economic evaluation. This model is traditionally constructed after the main reservoir characterization stage and little interaction is undertaken or even feasible between the property modeling and the geocellular modeling. This paper presents a combined reservoir characterization and modeling workflow for a producing field in the southern
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A Case Study of Integrated Reservoir Characterization and Fine-Scale Simulation
Authors B.Z. Shang, H. Yang, J.G. Hamman, D.H. Caldwell and J. MillikenA015 A CASE STUDY OF INTEGRATED RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND FINE-SCALE SIMULATION 1 B. Z. SHANG H. YANG J. G. HAMMAN D. H. CALDWELL J. MILLIKEN Marathon Oil Company 5555 San Felipe St. Houston TX 77056 Abstract This paper presents an integrated reservoir characterization and simulation study which applies a combination of deterministic and stochastic approaches depending on the amount of data and degree of understanding. The workflow incorporates all available data types like 3D seismic data well logs geologic data core analysis well tests and PVT analysis. Seismic data is first inverted into acoustic impedance which is again inverted into
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Production Assessment of Reservoir Models Constructed with the Use of 3D Seismic Data
Authors C. Torres-Verdín and M. GambusA016 PRODUCTION ASSESSMENT OF RESERVOIR MODELS CONSTRUCTED WITH THE USE OF 3D SEISMIC DATA Abstract 1 This paper describes a study undertaken to appraise spatially complex hydrocarbon reservoir models constructed with the use of 3D post-stack seismic data and well logs. Developments are centered about the interpretation of data acquired in an active gas field in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. The availability of time records of fluid production provides an independent way to quantify the accuracy and reliability of several methods commonly employed to construct reservoir models. We make use of geostatistical inversion to construct spatial distributions of porosity
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Sand Injectites in Deep-Water Clastic Plays – Migration Paths, Intrusive Traps and Reservoir Characterisation
Authors A. Hurst, D. Duranti, M. Huuse and J. CartwrightA025 SAND INJECTITES IN DEEP-WATER CLASTIC PLAYS: MIGRATION PATHS INTRUSIVE TRAPS AND RESERVOIR CHARACTERISATION Abstract 1 A. HURST *1 D. DURANTI 1 M. HUUSE 2 AND J. CARTWRIGHT 2 1 Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UE UK ([email protected] [email protected]) 2 3DLab Department of Earth Ocean and Planetary Sciences Cardiff University Wales UK ([email protected] [email protected]) Sand injectites are increasingly commonly identified in association with deep-water clastic reservoirs. They modify the internal and external geometry of reservoir sandstones and sometime form commercially significant traps which may be classed as intrusive or extrusive traps. Sand injectites form
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Experimental Investigation on Submarine Channels Inception
Authors P. Lancien, E. Lajeunesse and F. MétivierExperimental investigation on submarine channels inception LANCIEN Pierre LAJEUNESSE Eric MÉTIVIER François IPGP CACAS Marie-Christine IFP Submarine mega fans and their associated canyons have long attracted the attention of a large community in the Earth sciences because they record the history of past erosional processes. As such their morphology and sedimentary infill may be of invaluable use to unravel past climatic and tectonic evolutions. Yet despite an important corpus of research on their structural characteristics [1-10] we lack a well accepted quantitative description for the dynamics of the formation and growth of these sedimentary systems. One of the main reasons
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Static and Seismic Modeling of a Turbidite Channel Complex (Pab Fm, Pakistan)
Authors T. Euzen, S. Rohais, P. Bourgeois, P. Nivlet, O. Lerat, R. Deschamps and R. EschardSTATIC AND SEISMIC MODELLING OF A TURBIDITE CHANNEL COMPLEX (PAB FORMATION PAKISTAN) AUTHORS T. EUZEN S. ROHAIS A. BOURGEOIS P. NIVLET O. LERAT R. DESCHAMPS E. ALBOUY and R. ESCHARD Adress Institut Français du Pétrole 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex France Introduction: Deep offshore prospects and the improvement of oil recovery are currently topics of major importance of the petroleum industry. Reservoir characterisation using seismic imaging and interpretation tools is often used to improve the understanding of deepwater reservoirs. However the 3D lithoseismic analysis and interpretation of turbidite complexes requires good a priori knowledge of both
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Basin 4 of the Brazos-Trinity Lowstand Systems Tract - Ultra-High Resolution 3-D Investigation of a Pleistocene Intra-Slope Basin, W. Gulf of Mexico
Authors R.T. Beaubouef and V. AbreuA028 BASIN 4 OF THE BRAZOS-TRINITY SLOPE SYSTEM Introduction 1 We have executed an ultra-high resolution 3-D investigation of the stratigraphy and basin fill history of a 200 km 2 Pleistocene intra-slope basin in the western Gulf of Mexico. This basin represents the southernmost portion of the Brazos-Trinity Slope System; a system of four basins linked by submarine channels (Basin 4; Winker 1998; Beaubouef and Friedman 2000; Badalini et al. 2000; Beaubouef et al. 2003a b c and references therein). This system is located down-dip of the ancestral Brazos and Trinity rivers and their associated deltas (Fig. 1a). These shelf
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The Connection between Channel and Lobes in Modern Fans from High-Resolution Imagery - A Review
Authors B. Savoye, N. Babonneau and C. BonnelA029 The Connection between Channel and Lobes in Modern Fans from High-Resolution Imagery - A Review AUTHORS 1 3 1 2 3 B. SAVOYE A. GERVAIS C. BONNEL N. BABONNEAU AND M. CREMER Address 1 Ifremer Marine Geosciences Department BP 70 29280 Plouzané France 2 Bordeaux 1 University 3 Brest University Submarine channels are the main conduits for sediment transfer to the deep-sea by turbidity currents and debris flows flowing downslope. Overflow processes can build adjacent huge elongated levees. Beyond the channels lie depositional lobes which we refer to as distal lobes or channel-mouth lobe in order to avoid ambiguities
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Application of Laser-Scanned Outcrop Data to Build Models of Deepwater Reservoirs - Insights from the Solitary Channel, Tabernas Basin of Southern Spain
Authors D.C. Jennette, F. Bonnaffe, R. Bouroullec and C. KilincA030 APPLICATION OF LASERS TO BUILD MODELS OF DEEPWATER RESERVOIRS: INSIGHTS FROM THE SOLITARY CHANNEL TABERNAS BASIN SOUTHERN SPAIN Introduction 1 Lidar (light detection and ranging) applications are improving the accuracy and speed of outcrop analysis. The technology provides the ability to visualize spatially correct digital outcrop data in real time and to interrogate the outcrop by positioning ourselves in an infinite number of “virtual” vantage points. We can correlate bounding surfaces and interpret faults on actual outcrop data similar to 3-D seismic data volumes. In addition laser-generated data are easily prepared for rapid emplacement in 3- D modeling software
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Integrated Stratigraphic, Structural, and Petroleum Systems Analyses in Intraslope Basins with Allochthonous Salt Systems - Examples from the Thunder Horse and Mensa Minibasins, Northern Deep Gulf of Mexico
Authors P. Weimer, V. Matt, R. Bourollec, A. van den Berg and T. LapinskiA031 3-D INTERPRETATION AND PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING OF THE THUNDER HORSE AND MENSA GIANT OIL AND GAS FIELDS NORTHERN DEEP GULF OF MEXICO 1 Paul Weimer Veit Matt Todd Lapinski Aaron van den Berg Renaud Bourorllec and John Roesink Department of Geological Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309-0399 The Thunder Horse and Mensa fields are two of the largest oil and gas fields respectively in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The evolution of the two minibains and fields reflects the complex interaction of salt tectonics basement structures and major and minor faults. A detailed analysis of the area was
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Stratigraphic and Reservoir Architecture of Tectonically-Confined Turbidite Ramps – The Example of the Grès d'Annot System (Eocene - Oligocene, French Alps)
Authors P. Joseph, E. Du Fornel, T. Euzen, F. Guillocheau and C. RobinA032 Stratigraphic and reservoir architecture of tectonically-confined turbidite ramps : the example of the Grès d’Annot system (Eocene - Oligocene French Alps) 1 P. JOSEPH 1 E. DU FORNEL 1-2 T. EUZEN 1 F. GUILLOCHEAU 2 and C. ROBIN 2 ¹ Institut Français du Pétrole 1 et 4 avenue de Bois Préau 92852 Rueil Malmaison cedex France. ² Géosciences Rennes Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes France. Summary For a long time the Grès d’Annot system of South East France has been considered as a classic example of a canyon-fed submarine fan settled during a period of
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4D Monitoring at 4 km Depth? A Case Study from Smørbukk Sør in the Åsgard Field
Authors L. Klefstad, O. Eiken and B. OsdalA034 4D MONITORING AT 4 KM DEPTH? A CASE STUDY FROM SMØRBUKK SØR IN THE ÅSGARD FIELD Abstract The Middle Jurassic Garn reservoir sandstones in the Smørbukk Sør field were considered to be too deeply buried in order to respond seismically on production effects. A 4D-feasibility study concluded however that time–lapse signals can be detectable from pore pressure reduction in the reservoir if good repeatability is achieved using new seismic acquisition technology. In 2003 time lapse-data were acquired and processed. We show in this paper some results from this data. Introduction LARS KLEFSTAD 1 OLA EIKEN 2 BÅRD OSDAL 3
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Pressure and Saturation Inversion from 4D Seismic Constrained by Production Data
Authors P. Inderwiesen, N. He and P. CondonA036 PRESSURE AND SATURATION INVERSION FROM 4D SEISMIC CONSTRAINED BY PRODUCTION DATA Abstract We have developed an inversion technology to estimate reservoir pressure and fluid saturation distribution from time-lapse seismic and production data. Bayesian technology is used to construct the objective function; Gauss- Newton method is applied to minimize the objective function in the inversion process. 4D seismic is converted to impedance to minimize the wavelet effect and simplify the inversion scheme. Rock physics links the reservoir properties both static (porosity facies) and dynamic (pressure and saturation) with seismic P & S impedance. The sensitivity of impedance with respect to
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Quantitative Assessment of Connectivity across a Fault Using 4D Seismic
Authors Y. Almaskeri and C. MacBethA037 QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CONNECTIVITY ACROSS A FAULT USING 4D SEISMIC Summary 1 YAHYA ALMASKERI AND COLIN MACBETH Heriot-Watt Institute of Petroleum Engineering Edinburgh UK EH14 4AS A 3D geological model is built within which two producing horizontal wells and a normal vertical fault are placed. This scenario is then used as a test-bed to investigate how the 4D seismic might be related to different degrees of fault seal. A reservoir simulation is run and the 4D seismic response computed. The full and limited-offset stack amplitudes at the top reservoir respond similarly to the pressure differences and oil saturation changes
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Integrating 4D Seismic and Geomechanics – A Case Study
More LessA038 Integrating 4D seismic and geomechanics: a case study Abstract 1 Time-lapse (4D) seismic effects have been studied in a depleting gas field. Feasibility studies based on velocitystress relationships derived from core data suggest that large changes in seismic traveltimes may be expected. However our observations from the actual 4D seismic indicate that these effects are significantly smaller than modeled. At the same time timeshifts outside the reservoir zone are observed. These are considered due to geomechanical effects. Geomechanical models of depleting reservoirs predict that as a result of reservoir compaction due to pressure depletion changes in the long-wavelength stress
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Updating Vertical Gas Flow Models in Laminated Reservoirs
Authors V. Kretz, B. Valles and L. SonnelandA039 UPDATING VERTICAL GAS FLOW MODELS IN LAMINATED RESERVOIRS Summary 1 One of the most challenging fields in reservoir engineering is efficient integration of all available data for reservoir characterization and to keep the resulting model updated as new data becomes available. Usually 4D seismic data are quantitatively integrated in the reservoir characterization through history matching. We propose an efficient updating technique that requires no flow simulation. This new technique will be demonstrated for monitoring gas flows using 4D seismic to update the reservoir model. An automatic procedure called “seismic super-resolution” is used to map the gas displacements with a
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Aquifer Gas Storage Monitoring Using 4D Seismic and Integrated Reservoir Simulation
Authors A. Seeliger, R. Hauer and M. KlafkiA040 Aquifer Gas Storage Monitoring Using 4D Seismic and Integrated Reservoir Simulation Abstract Summary 1 A. SEELIGER R. HAUER AND M. KLAFKI ESK GmbH Halsbrücker Str. 34 D-09599 Freiberg Germany The Kalle aquifer gas storage (Figure 1 2) is an example where modern methods of reservoir monitoring have been combined successfully with the update of the geological and the reservoir simulation models. Gas migration from the single storage layer at Kalle the Volpriehausen sandstone to the Detfurth sandstone is known to have started between 1992 and 1995. 4D-seismic regular TDT and RST gas saturation measurements and continuous pressure monitoring in
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Uncertainties in the 4D Seismic Signature due to Seawater Velocity Variations
Authors A. Bertrand, C. Ribeiro and C. MacBethA041 Uncertainties in the 4D seismic signature due to seawater velocity variations Abstract 1 Seawater velocity variations are known to influence the quality of seismic especially in deepwater areas. Here this topic is extended to evaluate the effect on reservoir monitoring. A 3D data set from the Gulf of Mexico has been corrected for seawater velocity variations and the corresponding time and amplitude perturbations are measured. From this a 4D synthetic data set is modelled for realistic reservoir production scenarios. The 4D modelled seismic is perturbed using similar errors to those measured on the real data in order to mimic
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A Petroelastic-Based Approach to Pressure and Saturation Estimation Using 4D Seismic
Authors C. Ribeiro and C. MacBethA042 A petroelastic-based approach to pressure and saturation estimation using 4D seismic Abstract 1 A methodology is developed to invert for time-lapse variations of reservoir pressure and saturation from repeated P-wave seismic data. Based on a simplified petroelastic correlation two independent elastic parameters are obtained; one of which depends on pressure and the other on saturation. Forms for reflectivity and elastic impedance explicitly dependent on production effects are derived and tested on a reservoir model-based study. Following the inversion of multi-angle near mid and far elastic impedance stacks from the baseline and repeat seismic dataset reliable dynamic estimates of pore
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Why We Need Professional Leaders in an Asset Organization
Authors P. Raingeard and J. PionB010 Why we need Professional Leaders in an Asset Organization Abstract Strengths and weaknesses of the asset organization 1 In the last twenty years the asset organization has generalized in a large number of petroleum companies in all parts of the words. A major benefit of this organization is that it places Geosciences at the heart of the projects with a close and focused integration of disciplines (Geophysics Geology and Reservoir). However at the same time it may tend to isolate the Geoscientists from the mainstream of their disciplines and limit their scope to the boundaries of the asset. How
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Managing Subsurface Uncertainty from a Geoscience Perspective – Work Processes in an Asset Team
More LessB011 Abstract 1 Managing subsurface uncertainty from a geoscience perspective - work processes in an asset team ARVE NAESS AND ANDREW MCCANN The Heidrun Field is an oil and gas giant located in the Haltenbank area offshore Mid- Norway. The field's total reserves (2004) are 175 MSm 3 (1 100 M bbl) oil and 40 GSm 3 gas. The field is developed with one Tension Leg Platform (TLP) processing oil and gas produced from one 56-slot platform template and 5 associated sub-sea templates (3 water injection templates and 2 oil production templates each with 4 available well slots). The current
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Achieving Excellence in Exploration – Integrating Skills, Processes and Technology
By M.A. NaylorB012 Achieving Excellence in Exploration: Integrating Skills Processes and Technology 1 Within Shell’s new operating model for Exploration & Production exploration is organized as a global business with unambiguous single point accountability for performance portfolio and resources. This model has been adopted in preference to executing exploration from a series of autonomous asset-based operating units. The latter structure though good at facilitating multi-disciplinary integration does not always optimize resource allocation nor necessarily provide clarity of direction and consistency of process. A dedicated exploration business can take a truly global approach to exploration strategy portfolio and decisionmaking directly linked to the
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Attracting, Developing and Retaining Top Technical People
Authors P.M. Lloyd, J. Kaldi and B. RonaldsB013 Attracting Developing and Retaining Top Technical People Extended Abstract 1 Our industry is graying. The mentors in many of the major companies are gone the in-house training programs in many major companies are gone and the research centers in many major companies are gone. Comparing the E&P landscape just 10 years ago many of the major companies themselves are gone and have been replaced with very different looking organizations. Indeed in 10 years most of the people attending this EAGE conference will be gone. The industry is starting to think hard about the “big crew change”. And as it
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Integration – A New Perspective to Reservoir Studies
By L. CosentinoB014 Integration: A New Perspective to Reservoir Studies Integration in Reservoir Studies 1 In Webster’s definition integration is a combination and coordination of separate and diverse elements or units into a more complete or harmonious whole. Therefore integration is a process whereby extra-value is produced and for this reason it is considered a benefit something to actively seek in multidisciplinary contexts. Actually integration is one of those magic words that always have a positive meaning. Integrated is always better than disintegrated no matter the context. Within the framework of petroleum reservoir studies integration is primarily concerned with the interaction of
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The Integrated and Multidisciplinary Industry Society of 2020
By K.H. BakerB015 The Integrated and Multidisciplinary Professional Society of 2020 Abstract Setting the Stage 1 First we start with definitions of integrated multi-disciplinary and the professional. The U.S. House Committee on Agriculture defines integration as “The combination (under the management of one firm) of two or more identical (horizontal) or successive (vertical) stages in the production or marketing process of a particular product. Generally the stages are capable of being operated as separate businesses. The firm that has management responsibility is called the integrator. The poultry industry for example is vertically integrated from production through processing and distribution. Diversification on the
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Should Future Shared Earth Model Be Knowledge-Driven Rather than Data-Driven?
Authors J.-F. Rainaud, M. Perrin, B. Zhu and S. SchneiderB017 SHOULD FUTURE SHARED EARTH MODELS BE KNOWLEDGE-DRIVEN RATHER THAN DATA-DRIVEN? 1 Abstract : The paper presents an alternative approach for Shared Earth Models whose ambitions is to share throughout the workflow the geological interpretation related to this model and not only geometrical and property representations of the objects included in a definite model. This approach could enable any user to take advantage of previous works done by others by producing updated extended or revised models possibly showing even drastic topological differences with the original ones. This new approach relies on a Geo-Ontology that captures the structural geologists’ expert knowledge
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From 3D Seismic Facies to Reservoir Simulation
Authors B. Vallès, A. Carrillat and L. SonnelandB018 FROM 3D SEISMIC FACIES TO RESERVOIR SIMULATION Introduction 1 B. VALLÈS A. CARRILLAT L. SONNELAND Nowadays the reservoir model building workflow is mainly divided into four steps: definition of the reservoir boundaries by interpreting the top and base horizons building a geologically structural model (layering faults etc) population of properties (porosity permeabilities…) by kriging or co-kriging for instance and then upscaling the model in order to get a reservoir model. This workflow requires a lot of manual efforts in particular the building of a structural model (Figure 1). The method described herein proposes a new approach that automates part
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Getting Rid of Stratigraphic Grids
Authors J.-L. Mallet, R. Moyen, T. Frank, L. Castanie, B. Leflon and J.-J. RoyerB019 GETTING RID OF STRATIGRAPHIC GRIDS Abstract 1 The implementation of any geostatistical method requires the use of a parametric coordinate system (u v t) such that (u v) corresponds to “horizontal” curvilinear coordinates tangent to the horizons while (t) corresponds to the “vertical” curvilinear axis approximately orthogonal to the horizons. So far common practice consists in covering the geological domain with a “structured stratigraphic grid” and then to use the (i j k) indexes as a sampling of the (u v t) coordinates. In this article we propose a completely different approach based on the recently introduced “GeoChron” model
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Effects of Geostatistical Heterogeneity on Lateral Flow Behavior
Authors E. Serpen, E. Laine and C.A. Ehlig-EconomidesB020 EFFECTS OF GEOSTATISTICAL HETEROGENEITY ON LATERAL FLOW BEHAVIOR E. SERPEN 1 * E. LAINE 2 AND C.A. EHLIG-ECONOMIDES 1 SUMMARY 1 Most oil reservoirs begin secondary production after primary production. In contract πproduction starts with waterflood. The π-production strategy accelerates oil recovery by quickly bringing the reservoir to peak production and by keeping the oil production rate constant until oil recovery reaches at least 50% of the initial oil in place. If water breaks through before 50% recovery then the water-injection rate is increased enough to maintain the constant oil rate. This study investigates the effect of geostatistically-simulated heterogeneous
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Modelling of the Capillary End Effects in Hydraulically Fractured Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors G. Pusch, V. Reitenbach and G.F. IonescuB021 MODELLING OF THE CAPILLARY END EF- FECTS IN HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURED TIGHT GAS RESERVOIRS Abstract 1 The hydraulic frac stimulation is a common way to enhance the productivity of the tight gas reservoirs. However significantly reduced post-frac gas production rates were often reported as a result of less successful frac treatments. Damage to the tight gas reservoir caused by the invasion of the fracturing fluid filtrate can be a reason for this productivity reduction. The analytical estimations and numerical simulation of the invasion process presented in this paper show that the extended invasion zone and the appearance of the elevated
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Reservoir Scale Geomechanical Modelling
Authors L. Grande, F. Cuisiat, N.K. Loe and O. HavmøllerB022 RESERVOIR SCALE GEOMECHANICAL MODELLING Summary 1 A new approach is presented to predict potential geomechanical problems associated with production from oil and gas reservoirs. The approach is based on the development of dedicated modules within a commercial geological modeling software (RMS) to address specific geomechanical problems for the whole field. The approach is illustrated for a gas reservoir in Mid-Norway. By using a common platform for geological modelling and geomechanical evaluations a streamline workflow is available to assess directly the impact of geological uncertainties on reservoir simulation (through the choice of compressibility values) as well as sand screening /
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Application Interoperability and Storage of Interpretation Results – The SEM Approach in ENI E&P
Authors E. Aliverti, M. Botta, D. Gerbasio, G. Cernuzzi, P. Gossenberg, A. Ceresa and M. PiantanidaB023 APPLICATION INTEROPERABILITY AND STORAGE OF INTERPRETATION RESULTS: THE SEM APPROACH IN ENI E&P Abstract 1 When dealing with the construction of an Earth Model many specialists from different disciplines provide their own contribution. Often such specialists use their own applications and tools which are highly optimized for the achievement of their part of the work; on the other hand the interpretation results from each of these tools are often difficult to integrate with one another. The SEM (Shared Earth Model) project within ENI E&P was aimed at providing G&G specialists with a framework where the interoperability of applications is
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An Internet Database for Analysing Hydrocarbon Production Sensitivity
Authors A.A. Tchistiakov, M. Nepveu, T. Manzocchi, J.N. Carter and A. SkorstadB024 AN INTERNET DATABASE FOR ANALYSING HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION SENSITIVITY Introduction 1 This paper describes an internet database containing results from over 32 500 parametrically distinct full-field flow simulation models of shallow marine reservoirs generated in the multipartner EU-supported SAIGUP project (www.fault-analysis-group.ucd.ie). The objectives of the project were 1) quantification of the relative and absolute influences of sedimentology structure and up-scaling on reserves estimation and production forecasting from reservoirs with different sedimentological and structural properties and 2) definition of geologically relevant dynamic and static heterogeneity measures and dimensionless groups for improved production forecasting in faulted clastic reservoirs. The SAIGUP database is
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Listening to the Waves
Authors M.T. Taner and S. TreitelB025 LISTENING TO THE WAVES Abstract 1 Joint time frequency analysis (JTFA) as developed by Gabor and subsequently refined by Morlet can be used in conjunction with both supervised as well as unsupervised artificial neural networks to produce seismic lithology maps. In a manner similar to our current understanding of the human hearing system it is possible to develop a procedure in which instantaneous amplitude spectral information obtained from seismic sub-band analyses are used as input to Kohonen Self Organizing Map (SOM) artificial neural networks. One can thereby produce both uncalibrated as well as calibrated cluster analyses from which in
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Seismic Anisotropy as a Lithological Indicator
By J. ArnaudB026 SEISMIC ANISOTROPY AS A LITHOLOGICAL INDICATOR Abstract 1 Polar (VTI) anisotropy is now commonly used for large angle time and depth correction of gathers and for physical and consistent depth calibration. As basically an increase of anisotropy is linked to an increase of the shale content in the formation the variations of seismic anisotropy can be an indicator of variations in sand/shale ratio. After calculation of the effective anisotropy values from a 3 term high density time velocity picking the next step is to derive from them interval parameters which can be used for lithological predictions of the shaly
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IOI – A Method for Fine-Scale, Quantitative Description of Reservoir Properties from Seismic
Authors D.H. Caldwell and J.G. HammanB027 IOI – A METHOD FOR FINE-SCALE QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF RESERVOIR PROPERTIES FROM SEISMIC 1 Abstract Inversion of inversion IOI is a method for predicting fine scale reservoir properties relevant to flow through the integration of seismic petrophysical and geological models. The technique uses constrained deterministic physical relationships of rock and fluid compressibility to predict porosity and fluid saturation. When aggregated and forward modeled these reservoir properties will reproduce the original experimental observations found in the well logs and seismic surveys. The reservoir scale layers are adjusted and combined in a defined depositional stacking sequence to produce an effective medium
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Joint Estimation of Porosity and Saturation Using Stochastic Rock Physics Modeling
Authors R. Bachrach and N. DuttaB028 JOINT ESTIMATION OF POROSITY AND SATURATION USING STOCHASTIC ROCK PHYSICS MODELING Abstract 1 Porosity and saturation are fundamental sedimentary properties that affect both seismic wave propagation and the appraisal development and production of an oil field. Traditionally these parameters have been estimated from seismic impedances and velocities using Biot-Gassman theory and/or porosity-velocity relation. However when using theory to relate surface seismic attributes to reservoir saturation the porosity estimation problem and its affect on the unsaturated sedimentary properties should be addressed. Similarly the problem of porosity estimation is also affected by the hydrocarbon saturation at the target. Because bulk modulus
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Identifying Productive Fractures in the Narraway Gas Field Using the Envelope of Seismic Anisotropy
Authors D. Todorovic-Marinic, G. Larson, D. Gray, G. Soule and J. PelletierB029 IDENTIFYING PRODUCTIVE FRACTURES IN THE NARRAWAY GAS FIELD USING THE ENVELOPE OF SEISMIC ANISOTROPY Summary 1 This paper summarizes recent progress towards the goal of identifying productive vertically aligned fractures cracks or micro-cracks in gas reservoirs using surface seismic data. Our results demonstrate that identification and interpretation of fracture trends can be more accurate by exploiting a new seismic attribute the envelope of the anisotropic gradient in an integrated interpretation approach. The method was applied to the Narraway gas field located on the leading edge of the Foothills Disturbed Belt in Northwest Alberta where intersecting the fracture trends with
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Fracture Detection and Analysis from a 3-D VSP Survey in Ekofisk Field
Authors B.J. Evans, M. Luo, N. Arihara and X.-Q. Ma1 B030 Fracture detection and analysis from a 3-D VSP survey in Ekofisk field MU LUO ∗ NORIO ARIHARA * BRIAN J. EVANS + AND XIN-QUAN MA # * Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan + Curtin University of Technology PO Box U1987 Perth Australia 6845 # Baker Hughes CGG Joint Venture R&D London U.K. Introduction Ekofisk field in the Norwegian North Sea was discovered in 1969. However as pointed out by Sulak (1990) even after decades of production much remains to be understood. One of the major challenges in an attempt to gain a more detailed understanding
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