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79th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2017
- Conference date: June 12-15, 2017
- Location: Paris, France
- Published: 12 June 2017
1061 - 1073 of 1073 results
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Gold Exploration Using Induced Polarization and Resistivity Methods in Meyduk-Latala area
Authors M.R. Yusefi, M.K. Hafizi and B. SalariSummaryDue to having rich mineral deposits, Iran has a high standing in the world, hence prospecting and exploration of these deposits is a significant issue. The use of geophysical methods for exploration of metallic and non-metallic ores is quite common. In order to identify and explore disseminated metal and sulfide mineralization zones, induced polarization (IP) and electrical resistivity (RS) methods have an important role. In this study, we tried to recognize types and locations of anomalies using two mentioned methods. In this regard, chargeability and resistivity data have acquired by Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran (GSI) were analyzed so that in the first step, we recognized the prone area with the help of rectangle array data and in the next step, used dipole-dipole data for more detailed information. Finally, depth and trending of the gold vein were determined.
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Development of Inhibitive Water Based Drilling Fluid System using synthesized Polyacrylamide-grafted-Gum Arabic/Silica Nanocomposite for Reactive Shale Formations
More LessSummaryThe synthesized nanocomposite had shown better rheological and fluid loss control properties in the formulated mud system due to enhanced hydrogen bonding and synergistic effects. The nanocomposite exhibited better shale stabilization property than commercially used partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer. The shale recovery and slake durability index of formulated system with synthesized nanocomposite was higher than PHPA system. This is achieved due to formation of a film-like structure on the surface in presence of synthesized nanocomposite, thus restricting the interaction of solid particles and water molecules into the shale sections.
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Pore Characterization of Coal of Jharia Coalfield for Coalbed Methane using Pore Image Analysis
Authors M. Asif, N. Paul, D.C. Panigrahi and K. OjhaSummaryPore Image Analysis (PIA) using ImageJ gives complete analysis of pores. Total no of pores observed in sample (i) and sample (ii) are 821 and 862 respectively. Total area is obtained 28519999.8955 nm2 and 267918253.8076 nm2 for (i) and (ii) respectively. Pores observed are mainly circular with circularity of 0.9148 and 0.8602, solidity is 0.9174 and 0.8924. Average Feret's diameter is 215.9003 nm and 319.2983 nm. Min Feret's diameter is 126.0722 nm and 172.4873 nm. FeretX diameter is 31987.01 and 28936.81 nm FeretY diameter is 23609.91 nm 24045.17 nm. Max Feret's diameter is around 2500 and 9000 nm respectively.
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Nano structure characterization and Sorption Kinetics of gases in Indian Coals
Authors S. Paul Naveen, K. Ojha and M. AsifSummaryThis work is a systematic attempt employed to investigate gas production by estimating the gas kinetics and evaluating pore structural characteristics, sorption kinetics and morphology which are efficient in creating a design of coal reservoir and useful in predicting the reservoir potential and CO2 sequestration potential for enhanced recovery of CBM for coal fields. Experimental sorption studies were carried out on coal samples for adsorption and desorption at reservoir pressures, followed by unipore diffusion model, adopting kinetic parameter. Impact of various pressures and pore properties was investigated for establishing uniqueness in describing gas transport mechanism. Observations include adsorption isotherms, Langmuir relation, and critical pressure for gas to diffuse from the coal matrix and gas recovery performance of coal reservoir by studying kinetics of gases. It is therefore concluded that the practical implication of the investigation for the pressures that are typically encountered in the Jharia coalfields, is a positive finding for the concomitant recovery of CBM with CO2 sequestration. Additionally, comparison of sorption and diffusion results reveals that diffusivity depends on the pore structure and pore size distribution exhibiting a positive relationship with pressure variation.
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Improving Unconventional Reservoir Fracturing Using a Hybrid Surfactant-Polymer Gel System
Authors A. Das, G. Chauhan and K. OjhaSummaryIn this study, a new fracturing fluid (SPME gel) formulated with the combination of a surfactant-based viscoelastic fluid (microemulsion) and a polymer gel system is to be studied to investigate its improved characteristics with enhanced synergistic properties. CMHPG was used as polymer fluid combined with a mixed anionic-anionic surfactant system, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate to prepare a gel system with dual fluid benefits and reduced polymer loading. The formulation of the single phase viscoelastic surfactant system was obtained from pseudo-ternary phase diagram experiments to identify a microemulsion gel domain region. This formulated gel showed higher thermal stability, good rheology and proppant suspension capacity as compared to surfactant-based fracturing fluid.
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Controls on suprasalt deformation in the Nordkapp Basin, Norwegian Barents Sea
Authors L.A. Rojo Moraleda, N. Cardozo and A. EscalonaSummaryThe Nordkapp Basin is a NE-trending salt-related rift basin located in the Norwegian Barents Sea. The presence of a thick Late Carboniferous-Early Permian evaporitic interval (Gipsdalen Gp.) has played an important role in the evolution of the Nordkapp Basin, coupling the deformation of subsalt and suprasalt strata during the different episodes of extension and compression. The factors that influenced this complex deformation remain poorly understood and continue being debated. Therefore, this study uses 2D/3D seismic and well data to better understand: (1) the trigger of the Triassic diapirism; and (2) the impact of lithology and thickness variations of the Gipsdalen Gp. on the suprasalt deformation. Preliminary results indicate that salt diapirism in the Nordkapp Basin was triggered by an Early Triassic thick-skinned extension. This episode formed salt walls on top of subsalt faults and large depocenters. Subsalt fault displacement and lithology/thickness variations of the Gipsdalen Gp. strongly influenced the distribution of salt structures and suprasalt fault arrays. Despite the cessation of subsalt fault activity during the Mid-Late Jurassic, most of the deformation in the Nordkapp Basin continued as thin-skinned gravity gliding associated with the preferential growth of salt pillows on the SE basin boundary
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The Early Cretaceous structural evolution of the Tromsø Basin, SW Barents Sea
Authors B. Kairanov, A. Escalona, I. Norton, L.A. Lawver and P. AbrahamsonSummaryThe proposed detailed structural evolution of the Troms0 Basin during the Early Cretaceous.
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Does the evolution of salt structures interconnect different fault families in the Espírito Santo Basin?
Authors N.H. Mattos and T.M. AlvesSummaryThe Espírito Santo Basin is a rift basin developed in the Southeastern continental margin of Brazil during the Late Jurassic - Cretaceous. Halokinesis in this basin started in the Late Aptian - Early Albian and continued through the Cenozoic. Salt structures developed in this basin include vertical salt diapirs, salt rafts and salt walls along conjugate normal faults. The objective of this study is to investigate the character and the timing of formation of faults developed at the crest or adjacent to different salt structures that occur closely spaced. We interpreted ten horizons and 215 faults in a high-quality 3D volume and performed displacement analyses to 12 representative faults of five distinctive families based on their position around salt structures. A paleostress model for the faults in the study area was created, and the magnitudes and azimuths were used to model the slip tendency and leakage factor. We found that faults in the study area have a similar geometry resultant from segment dip-linkage. Faults from different families are geometrically interconnected along different fault structures. We also found that Diapir 3 was the most active salt structure during the Cenozoic, influencing the fluid-flow and the geometry of the distinct fault families.
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Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous tectonic movements and basin evolution in the northern North Sea
Authors X. Zhong, A. Escalona and M. BerganSummaryFault growth, interaction and linkage in an extensional environment determine the geometry of rift basins and the architecture of syn-rift deposition. By integrating subsurface datasets, we aim to address the structural evolution and its impact in basin evolution from Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous in the northern North Sea. The Viking Group is subdivided into four genetic sequences (SQ1-SQ4) from Bathonian to Early Berriasian age. Seismic interpretation shows that onset of rifting occurred during SQ1 and created the initial proto-morphology of the Jurassic sedimentary basin. Continued rifting in SQ2 separated the Sogn Graben from the Viking Graben, and presented two rhomboidal sub-basins. Persistent rifting during SQ3 generated major fault complexes, which divided the northern North Sea into four rhomboidal fragments. The arrangement of faulted blocks displayed a sigmoidal configuration. Fault activity decreased during SQ4 and constrained smaller rhomboidal depocenters near the western margin. Tilted fault blocks were exhumed and eroded during SQ4. The rhomboidal depocenters and sigmoidal blocks suggest a shear component while rifting. We propose that regional extension was conducted by oblique rifting with extension oriented near 120°. The narrower width of the Sogn Graben might had been caused by confined extension from the M0re-Tr0ndelag sinistral strike-slip fault complex.
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A Study of Several Proposed Footwall-derived Alluvial Fan Deposits in the Hanging Wall of the Kerpini Fault Block, Greece
Authors H.B. Birkeland, A. Escalona and C. TownsendSummaryThe Kerpini Fault Block (KFB) is a rotated fault block within the Gulf of Corinth rift system. Previous studies (Ford et al., 2013; Syarhul, 2014; Stuvland, 2015; Hadland, 2016; Seglem, 2016; Sigmundstad; 2016) have mapped and investigated the fault block to a certain extent. Several questions remain unanswered regarding the evolution of the KFB, especially concerning relative timing between faulting and deposition of stratigraphic units. The aim of this study is to investigate four proposed alluvial fans that have not been studied before. Through a sedimentological and structural approach, the project will contribute to previous work and build on the understanding of how the KFB has evolved through time, and provide additional understanding of how syn-rift sedimentation in half-graben systems takes place. Data will be collected during field work on two separate field trips, followed by interpretation of field data and the generation of a structural model in Petrel. Creating a structural model will investigate how the proposed alluvial fans can be deposited in various structural scenarios.
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Geological Mapping and Investigation into Tectonic Control on Deposition in an Active Rift Setting. The Doumena Fault Block, Greece.
Authors A. Veiteberg, C. Townsend and A. EscalonaSummaryThe Doumena Fault Block (DFB) is one of a series of sediment filled rotated half grabens within the Gulf of Corinth rift system that exposes excellent outcrops of syn rift strata.
Previous studies of the fault block raised questions regarding the structural evolution and sedimentation interaction. However, these studies mostly focused on large alluvial fans present in the eastern side of the block. The rest of the fault block and the DFB's relation to the adjacent blocks have not been studied in detail.
The main objective of this project is to study the tectonic control on sedimentation and establish the relative age of the different units in the DFB's. This project can improve the understanding of the geological evolution of the DFB, and contribute to the general understanding of sedimentation within extensional rift systems.
To accomplish the goals, geological mapping and facies interpretation of the Doumena Fault Block was performed. In addition, a 3D structural facies model was created in Petrel. The model allowed us to better understand the three dimensional configuration of the fault block and create different scenarios on how the alluvial fan deposits and the basal unconformity have been influenced by fault evolution.
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3D Reconstruction of a Normal Fault Zone - A Trenching Study on a Strand of the Active Baza Fault, South Central Spain
Authors L.J. Koch, N. Cardozo, I. Martin-Rojas, P. Alfaro, J. Castro, I. Medina-Cascales and F.J. García-TortosaSummaryFaults are rarely a discrete two-dimensional surface, but a three-dimensional volume with a complex internal structure. The structure of a fault zone in 3D is poorly understood, particularly because outcrops exposing fault zones in 3D are rare, and few have large (e.g. 100 m) throw. Detailed 3D studies of fault zones can help provide insight into their internal structure, and processes undergone during faulting as well as improve the predictability of subsurface (e.g. reservoir) models. The main objective of this project is to construct a 3D structural model of a strand of the Baza fault, an active normal fault located in south central Spain in the Betic Cordillera. This strand has an estimated throw of 30 m in relatively unconsolidated clay to silt and carbonates Pliocene sequence. Through a trenching study, 8 vertical dip sections, 3 vertical strike sections and 1 depth section in an area of approximately 80 mA2 were excavated, cleaned, LiDAR scanned, photographed and documented. Based on these sections, we have reconstructed the 3D geometry and associated structures of this superb fault zone. These data can also be useful for geophysical and reservoir modeling studies
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Fault Property through Times in Carbonates - Structural and Diagenetic Constraints (Castellas Fault, Provence)
By I. AubertSummaryFaults have a strong impact on the fluid flow in sedimentary basins. In carbonated rocks, the role of faults is complicated. Indeed, when affected by a fault, the initial permeability of carbonate host-rocks is altered by secondary processes such as dissolution and cementation throughout the fault evolution. Thus, the current properties measured in field analogues are the outcome of a long-lasting fault history.
The goal of this study is to decipher the petrophysical evolution of faults during the last 130My. To this end, our study focused on the Castellas polyphase fault resulting from (1) the Durance Uplift (middle Cretaceous) and (2) the Pyrenean shortening (Late-Cretaceous-Paleocene). We made 13 high resolution cross-sections and a structural map to characterize the fault zone architecture. The diagenetic analysis on 62 thin sections in LPA and with cathodoluminescence evidenced 11 diagenetic stages that affected the carbonate host rocks over ∼130 My. This sequence highlighted that the fault zone petrophysical property results from the addition of multiple, alternating tectonic and diagenetic events.
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