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Progress’19
- Conference date: November 5-8, 2019
- Location: Sochi, Russia
- Published: 05 November 2019
21 - 40 of 86 results
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Methodology of Stepwise Multi-Scale Stress Inversion for Predicting Fault Tectonics and Fracturing: Case Study for Pre-Jurassic Complex of Tomsk Region
Authors D. Konoshonkin, I. Churochkin, N. Konoshonkina, V. Belozerov and S. ZhigulskiySummaryAccording to the ideas about the formation and preservation of oil and gas reserves in the pre-Jurassic complex (PJC) of the Tomsk region, the exploration of oil and gas fields in the PJC requires an understanding of fault tectonics and the development of fracturing in rocks. Tectonics can be considered at different scales: regional scale – fault length of 100–1000 km; local scale – faults comparable to the size of the fields, and denoted by 3D seismic; point scale – fractures defined by borehole microimagers. All these categories of tectonics are examples of discontinuities of rocks caused by the reaction of rocks to the loads (stresses). In accordance with the theoretical and practical ideas of geomechanics, knowledge of the stress state at different stages of geological history allows one to describe the presence and nature of fault tectonics, i.e. anticipating the orientation of fractures and cracks, as well as assess their hydrodynamic activity (permeability) in different periods of geological time. The paper proposes an approach for prediction of tectonics at local (field) scale and point (well) scale based on the available data on regional faults, local faults (in a limited area) and fractures defined in several wells.
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Virtual Laboratory - the Interaction Tool for Geologists and Laboratory Staff
Authors K. Chirkunov and I. KarpovSummaryIn recent years we see how digital platforms have been creating and spreading in completely different sectors of the business: from the taxi services to the pharmaceuticals and the computing resources sharing. The platforms success is associated with an innovative form of an interaction between service providers and consumers that significantly reduces the overhead costs of transactions, speeds up the exchange of an information and as a result allows a consumer to get a proper quality service faster. In our work we discribe the creation of the Virtual Laboratory platform, a platform for customers and reseachers, who deal with core material and oil fluid researches. We show, despite the fact that the georesearch services market is complex in terms of task specs and pricing, the concept of Virtual Laboratory in the oil and gas industry has all chances to be ubiquitous. In the main part we describe the implemented functions of the product (the builder of complex proposals, the translation from the language of geologists to the language of laboratory staff) and how we have come to it. At the end the economic effect is described from the perspective of consumers and researchers.
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Uncertainty Management in A Fast-Paced Exploration to Production Environment
Authors V. Tveritina, I. Nizhegorodova and T. McCormick-CoxSummaryAfter a successful hydrocarbon discovery, the first and most commonly asked question refers to the size of the discovered prize: ‘how much is it?’ In as much as this is a straightforward question, it is also the most difficult to answer correctly, especially with the pressures to put the discovery on production as soon as possible. Furthermore, if dependent on the range of volumetric and connectivity outcomes, multiple development options need to be considered. These development options in turn will have an impact on the profitability of the project and may result in the difference between a commercially attractive project and a financial disaster.
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Accelerated Hydrocarbon Maturation: a Workflow
Authors A. Popov, I. Edelman, T. McCormic and H. LaufertsSummaryRapid subsurface analyses using seismic, core and well log data were used to produce calibrated seismic inversion products. Combined top quartile drilling of extended-reach and all-season wells enabled Salym Petroleum Development to dramatically increase its resource base in the last three years. While many prospects for further expansion were generated at a variety of stratigraphic levels, the expansion proved possible despite limited access to inorganic growth areas. At present, the hydrocarbon maturation funnel is filled at approximately 90 Mbbl/yr as a direct result of multi-disciplinary effort stretching from regional exploration geoscience to targeted and coordinated infrastructure construction.
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Joint Impedance and Facies Inversion as a Way to More Accurate Prediction of Reservoir Properties
Authors I. Yakovlev, F. Zeleznyak, A. Davydov and V. OgibeninSummaryWe discuss an alternative method of simultaneous deterministic inversion introduced a few years ago. Unlike conventional model-based inversion algorithms, it incorporates a separate background model for each facies type in the form of low frequency depth trends of elastic properties, and inverts directly for facies along with the usual set of P- and S-impedances and density. This allows to overcome some of the well-known limitations of the deterministic inversions which further leads to more accurate quantitative interpretation of reservoir properties between wells across the area.
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An Experience of Pore Pressure Prediction Based on Seismic Data
Authors E. Shubina, F. Zeleznyak, A. Davydov and V. OgibeninSummaryResearch of deep hydrocarbon potential is an actual purpose now, which is often connected with the overpressures. Nowadays many deep fields were opened in different regions: from Mexican bay to the North seas. On the other hand, there are a lot of dangerous situations during drilling every year. These situations vary by degree of consequences and can cost many financial and ecological expenses. However, overpressures are not only technical risks, they also have geological risks. This article represents how connection of pressure and seismic velocity can lead to mistakes in structural geological maps. So this distortion causes wrong estimation of layers depth, incorrect estimation of resources and objects selection. Nevertheless, pore pressure prediction can minimize all these indeterminacies and get a correct structural map with the correct resource estimation.
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Hydrocarbon Potential of the Balkan Thrust Systems
Authors I. Dulich, G. Bogicevic and V. GajicSummaryIn the Central and Eastern Europe, huge quantities of oil and gas, generated from Mesozoic and Paleogene formations, are found under the Alps and Carpathian systems. On the South, very successful exploration results in the thrust system of Hellenides belt of Albania, indicate that the deposits of oil and gas also occur at Balkan Peninsula thrust system. In the last few years, after positive exploration results on the Shpiragu structure in Albania, NIS Gazpromneft has changed petroleum exploration focus to the area of Eastern Herzegovina, in southern part of Bosnia & Herzegovina. Based on seismic-geological interpretation of 2D seismic sections, three regional composite geological sections were constructed, structurally reconstructed and finally modeled from petroleum system point of view. Thrusting model proves (based on 2D petroleum system models) that, even in low heat flow areas, we can expect mature source rocks in the exploration area, where oil window is located at depth below 6000 m.
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Spiral Model of Asset Development on the Example of Green Field Idjosh, Pannonian Basin, Serbia
Authors M. Pilipenko, E. Milei and M. KuznetsovSummaryDue to the long history of exploration and development of the Pannonian basin, the exploration area is reduced to small deposits and satellite fields. Initial geological uncertainties are high and entail financial risks. In this case, the traditionally applicable cascade model organization of the deposit studying process is ineffective. A spiral model of asset exploration and development has been applied to the new Serbian field, similar to the Barry Boehm model for creating software. A distinctive feature of this approach is special attention to the risks affecting decision making and the iterative process of project development. This methodology allowed us to solve the important problem - to put the field into operation simultaneously with its additional study, adequate understanding of risks and a plan to reduce them. The essence of the approach is that when obtaining actual data after drilling, geologists, petrophysicists and reservoir engineers work with the field in 4 main areas - identifying risks, modeling and assessing reserves, planning activities and implementing them. The structure of each subsequent phase, repeats the previous one, while taking into account the experience and developments of the previous stages, which allows us to develop the concept, modify the model and remove uncertainties.
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Finding Optimal Survey System for 3D Seismic Aimed to Study Prespectives of Pre-Jurassic Sequence Potential in Tomsk Region
Authors E. Voronovicheva, D. Litvichenko, D. Medvedev, Y. Pavlovsky, M. Tarakanovskii and A. ShevchenkoSummaryPaper summarises application of direct seismic modeling based om real geological models decsribing whole depth interval. Project is aimed to optimise planned seismic surways focused on perspective pre jurastic deposits of Tomsk region.
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Weak and Large Collector (Based on the Examples of the Eastern Siberia Carbonate Reservoirs)
Authors V. Kolesov and S. Ter-SaakovSummaryAccording to the materials that have been publishing recently the main prospecting indicators of the improved filtration-volumetric characteristics zones of Irkutsk region carbonate reservoirs are crystal base ledges. In the paper there is considered the example of reservoir presence without crystal base ledges, which arrouses business interest while the horizontal boreholes drilling.
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Machine Learning and Learning from Machines
Authors A. Kozhenkov, E.Z. Naeini and K. PrindleSummaryDeep learning has demonstrated tremendous success in a variety of application domains in the past few years, and with some new modalities of applications it continues to open new opportunities. We see applications of machine learning in our daily lives, stretching from familiar applications such as spam filters dating back to the 1990s to more advanced cases such as self-driving cars and the automation of medical imaging and diagnoses. It is not the intention of the authors to explain all these algorithms in detail here. Instead, the focus is on demonstrating an application of machine learning and the possibility of learning from machines in typical geoscience applications. In this example, we will demonstrate learnings from use cases such as facies classification, petrophysical log prediction, and fault interpretation. These applications are essential parts of various geoscience workflows, and although not too complex in theory, the machine learning approaches can certainly save time (and therefore money). While there is a lot of enthusiasm in implementing machine learning for various geoscience applications, there is also skepticism of “black box” applications and how to quality control (QC) the outcomes. There are various QC measures in data science that are implemented routinely. One robust approach is cross validation, which is mostly known by geoscientists as blind well QC for well-based applications. It is discussed here that such approaches can lead to the concept of “machine learning and learning from machines.” This concept is shown in the use cases mentioned earlier. The examples shown are selected so that the concept behind this paper can be demonstrated.
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Field Expedition Trips for Solving Tasks of Oil and Gas Exploration in XXI Century
Authors S. Astakhov and A. KhardikovSummaryIn the XIX-XX centuries, it was impossible to imagine the oil and gas exploration in the pre-war period without field geological expeditions. In the second half of the XX century, the hammer as an instrument of obtaining new geological data was replaced by geophysical equipment. However, over the past 10 years there has been a tendency to renew the field study of target formations in outcrops. In this regard, the upstream companies organize long geological expeditions in the areas of exploration, both in the onshore and offshore projects (on adjacent land outcrops) for a period of 2 weeks to 2 months with the participation of their own and invited specialists. This is due to: A) The development and implementation of new laboratory methods of rock testing. Application of these methods requires the collection of new samples; B) The periodical appearance of new surface oil and gas seepages in regions with active seismicity and tectonic movements; C) The need to use the data of the structure and stratigraphy of target formations in outcrops with seismostratigraphic models to simplify seismic interpretation.
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Riphean Capacity that Was Lost for Decades (Based on the Examples of the Eastern Siberia Carbonate Reservoirs)
Authors V. Kolesov, V. Tcheverda and D. PetrovSummaryUpon examining the wells core material of the involved section except for the fractures in the Riphean geological section there were also found cavernous intervals and dissolved cavities. We have succeeded in describing the analysis of the core X-ray tomogram data as a statistical model.There has been performed the mathematical modelling of the seismic wave field behaviour for the cavernous layer. There has been also discovered the theoretical possibility of the such layers extraction in the seismic data. The theoretical calculations have been approbated on the real data. There has been showed the potential of the seismic data usage for the thin and high-capacity cavernous interbeds extraction.
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Seismic Facies Classification, from Basin to Prospects, from Visualization to Value
Authors S. Mann, J. Ostrikoff and A. KayesSummarySeismic facies classification can be achieved from a variety of seismic attributes. These can be applied to the whole petroleum evaluation workflow, from basin understanding to play evaluation and from lead identification to prospect definition. Attributes may be derived from 2D, 3D or multi-dimensional data depending on the input dataset. Initially, the interpretation will be qualitative, but with well calibration and benchmarking the interpretation becomes more quantitative.
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Basin Modelling, Essential Exploration and Life Cycle Tool
Authors H. Bosscher, Q. Clevis, R. Nourse and A. MayfieldSummaryShell has been developing and using basin modeling software since the 1980’s. Initially very much as an exploration tool. Over the years simple 1D burial history analysis has evolved to 4D basin evolution simulations. Not only to help exploration in predicting hydrocarbon occurrences but also to help evaluate subsurface pressure and seismic velocities, pressure and temperature for well planning, predict reservoirs properties for development geologists and underpin assessments of risking for contaminants like H2S.
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Best Practices in Petroleum Exploration – Assessment of Yet-to-Find (YTF) Petroleum Resources
Authors B. Wygrala and C.D. NormanSummaryAssessments of Yet-to-Find (YTF) or undiscovered oil and gas resources are usually performed by Government Agencies such as Regulatory Authorities and National Oil Companies. A structured approach that follows industry standard best practices is an essential requirement. Basins are subdivided into plays and then into Assessment Units (AUs) and the key geologic risks are then assessed in each AU. YTF resource assessments are not only essential for Government Agencies, but for every E&P company engaged in exploration. The reason is that the assessments are based on in-depth geological knowledge and risk analyses not only of the prospects but also of the plays and basins in which they are located. As prospect risks are always a combination of regional (play) and local (prospect) risks, these factors are an essential requirement for prospect risking and ranking and therefore also for effective exploration portfolio management. In this paper, the authors provide a general introduction to the YTF methodology based on industry standard best practices, and use an example of a national YTF resource assessment project of an entire country to illustrate the practical application of the process as well as its results and benefits.
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Perspective Areas for Growth of the Oil Resources on the Territory of the Leno-Tunguska Petroleum Province
Authors M. Maslennikov, P. Sobolev, A. Vymyatnin and D. LezhninSummaryLeno-Tunguska petroleum province is located in Eastern Siberia. The province is characterized by high prospects for the growth of the oil resources and the search for new oil fields on-shore of Russian Federation. The area size of perspective land is more than 3 million square kilometer. Today only 20% of these territories refer to distributed subsoil fund. Therefore the area size of the unallocated fund is over 2,6 million square kilometers. This paper research the most promising areas to increase the resource base and search for new deposits in the territory unallocated subsoil fund of Leno-Tunguska petroleum province.
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AI-Aided Core Analysis: Faster and Cheaper SCAL Studies
Authors A. Erofeev, D. Orlov and D. KoroteevSummaryThe main aim of this work is to study the applicability of Machine Learning (ML) techniques for prediction of rock properties, which are commonly defined via special core analysis (SCAL). The mechanism of SCAL prediction on the basis of routine core analysis (RCA) was developed and validated. The possibility of application of ML methods for estimation of some rock characteristics was demonstrated. The comparative analysis of different ML techniques was provided to choose the most stable and accurate forecast methods. It was shown that Gradient Boosting algorithm and Artificial Neural Network allow to create the most robust and accurate models for considered rock properties.
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Use of Full-Waveform Modeling for Detection of the Pre-Jurassic Objects by Seismic Methods
SummaryWe present a methodology of full-waveform numerical modeling of wide-azimuth seismic data to detect pre-Jurassic objects. Simulated data was investigated using number of the QC procedure, including attributes construction, correlation of the model with the time stacks. According to the QC analysis the simulated data is of a high quality and can be used for processing and geological interpretation for detection of the pre-Jurassic objects.
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Machine Vision Methods in the Application for Core Image Segmentation
Authors E. Baraboshkin, L. Ismailova, D. Orlov and D. KoroteevSummaryThe computational power of the reservoir modelling is growing nowadays enabling the use of more precise core descriptions. The industry needs high accuracy models for precise reserves estimation. As a way to improve that, different authors proposed semiautomatic image segmentation algorithms based on color spaces approaches. The segmentation algorithms are common in machine vision as most images consist of semantically different parts. This paper focuses on the review and application of different machine vision algorithms for semi-supervised segmentation of full core images based on superpixel approach. Such an approach takes into account pixel groups with their semantic (texture, intensities, etc.) meaning. The reviewed algorithms can contribute to the precise description of rocks at different scales. The automatic way to segment lithotypes and other characteristics of rock introduced. U-Net like convolutional neural network fine-tuned on a small dataset may produce meaningful results.
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