Accurate Generation of Seismograms on Fractured Reservoirs

A major challenge in carbonates environments is to map heterogeneities which have a strong impact on oil and gas<br>production. For example in many carbonate reservoirs, matrix porosity contains the oil in place but the permeability is mainly<br>provided by fracture corridors. In some carbonate reservoirs, such as Kashagan field in Kazakhstan, the oil in place is<br>essentially contained primarily in karstic caves and conduits. Therefore being able to precisely locate these heterogeneities<br>and possibly characterize their properties is essential in these environments.