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In pursuit of greater safety, lower environmental impact and lower capital expenditure, it is desired to<br>reduce (or preferably eliminate) upstream offshore processing. Specifically for offshore platforms, the<br>biggest capital expenditure savings can be achieved by either designing the offshore production facilities to<br>be unmanned platforms or having subsea completions without a platform. In both cases all produced<br>wellhead fluids will need to be transported untreated to shore in trunklines.