Data-constrained Surface-consistent Amplitude Corrections

Surface-consistent amplitude corrections are one of the key steps used in seismic time processing to correct the amplitude distortions generated by the near-surface irregularities or buried anomalies on recorded seismic data. In some areas, a mix of different near-surface conditions (sand dunes, sabkhas, gravel plains, karst areas, buried anomalies) cause remarkable amplitude variations on well-known reservoir targets. In these complex cases, a two-term conventional surface-consistent amplitude correction fully solves the short wavelength part of the amplitude anomalies but only partially solves the mid and long wavelength amplitude variations. A new approach called Data-Constrained Surface-Consistent Amplitude Correction uses a fixed bin term that distributes its natural mid and long wavelength components into the source and receiver terms all along the inversion. Therefore, this approach offers clear benefits in correcting with a two-term inversion, and at the same time, short, mid, and long wavelength amplitude variations with minimum uncertainty.