oa Multi-scale Assessment of the Middle Eastern Permian–Triassic Khuff Carbonate: Structural Evolution and its Impact on Reservoir Properties

The Khuff Petroleum System Study is a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary analysis that integrates subsurface and outcrop, rock and fluid samples, and static and dynamic data in order to characterize the Permian–Triassic Khuff carbonate, one of the major petroleum reservoirs in the Middle East region. At regional scale, the Khuff carbonate shows a variety of depositional environments (with facies ranging from coastal plain anhydritic claystone, tidal flat/low-tohigh energy lagoonal deposits to open-marine dolostones alternating with grainy limestones and high-energy shoal-dominated dolostone/thick grainy limestones) and thicknesses (from near zero at the pinch-out of siliciclastic facies in Central Saudi Arabia, to more than 400 m (1,300 ft) in Ghawar Field in northern Saudi Arabia, expanding to 800 m (2,600 ft) in the North field, Qatar and to nearly 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in the eastern United Arab Emirates.