1887

Abstract

Summary

The EOR (or IOR) choice problem is an involved process, often occurring in a circular manner, where information circulates between different experts several times, increasing the decision time without necessarily improving the final choice. A literature review showed that most methods used for EOR (or IOR) selection rely somehow on the statistical learning from prior projects and on the expertise of the different individuals working on the project, thus in the value of learning.

The common steps involved in an EOR (or IOR) implementation are the selection of a suitable EOR (or IOR) process, the prediction of its performance, and finally the optimization of its design. The performance estimation may include laboratory experiments, analytical calculations, correlations, and numerical simulations. Most of these suppose data is available, that estimation under uncertainty can be easily done and that somehow information is perfect. This is often not the case. Furthermore, all of the above may create a lengthy, tedious and expensive process.

Based on these observations, in this study we propose an innovative workflow to screen and rank EOR (or IOR) opportunities among a data base of producing fields. This workflow was designed to be efficient and reproducible, but without overlooking the complexity of the decision process. Notably the ranking procedure explicitly considers the uncertainties on the static properties of the fields, integrates the computation of dynamic performances from semi-analytical physical models, and balances various corporate objectives of possibly contradictory nature.

The main technical components associated are: (1) a method to quickly establish the level of knowledge concerning the various reservoirs through an ontological mapping of their situation prior to the EOR (or IOR) evaluation, (2) a double criteria module (static and dynamic) searching and classifying valid EOR (or IOR) options according to weighted reservoir properties and recovery factors, and (3) a combination of the AHP and TOPSIS techniques to choose amongst alternatives and optimize the decision towards hierarchized goals.

In this paper, examples of elements of the methodology are shown and the possibility to apply this approach in a generic manner is discussed. The innovative aspects are stressed, considering current practices of reservoir management, proposing a cognitive decision process which can integrate fuzzy information concerning EOR (or IOR) application, thus objectivizing investments and long-term commitments.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202133040
2021-04-19
2024-04-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Acosta, L. M., Jimenez, J. G., Guedez, A. et al.
    (2005). Integrated Modeling of the Furrial Field Asset Applying Risk and Uncertainty Analysis for the Decision taking. Presented at the SPE Europec/EAGE Annual Conference, Madrid, Spain, 13–16 June. SPE-94093-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Agarwal, A. and Parsons, J.
    (2011). Commercial Structures for Integrated CCS-EOR Projects.Energy Procedia4: 5786–5793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.575.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Al-MjeniR., AroraS., CherukupalliP., vanWunnik J., EdwardsJ., FelberB.J., GurpinarO., HirasakiG.J., C.Miller C.A., JacksonC., KristensenM.R., LimF. and RamamoorthyR.
    (2011). “Has the Time Come for EOR”.Oilfield Review, vol. 22, no. 4.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Alvarado, V. and Manrique, E.
    (2010). Enhanced Oil Recovery: Field Planning and Development Strategies. Oxford, UK. Elsevier
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Alvarado, V., Ranson, A., Hernandez, K. et al.
    (2002). Selection of EOR/IOR Opportunities Based on Machine Learning. Presented at the European Petroleum Conference, Aberdeen, 29–31 October. SPE-78332-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Begg, S.H. and Bratvold, R.B.
    (2003). Shrinks Or Quants: Who Will Improve Decision-Making.Presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado. 5–8 October 2003. SPE-84238.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. BengarA., MoradiS, Ganjeh-GhazviniM., ShokrollahiA.
    (2017). Optimized polymer flooding projects via combination of experimental design and reservoir simulation.Petroleum3. 461–469
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Bickel, J.E. and Bratvold, R.B.
    (2007). Decision Making in the Oil and Gas Industry: From Blissful Ignorance to Uncertainty-Induced Confusion. Presented at the 2007 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Anaheim, California, 11–14 November. SPE-109610.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Chandrasekaran, B., Josephson, J. R., & Benjamins, V. R.
    (1999). What Are Ontologies? Why Do We Need Them?IEEE Intelligent Systems, 14(1), 20–26.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Diaz, D., Bassiouni, Z., Kimbrell, W. et al.
    (1996). Screening Criteria for Application of Carbon Dioxide Miscible Displacement in Waterflooded Reservoirs Containing Light Oil. Presented at SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, 21–24 April. SPE-35431-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Dinnie, N.C., Fletcher, A.J.P., and Finch, J.H.
    (2002). Strategic Decision Making in the Upstream Oil and Gas Industry: Exploring Intuition and Analysis. Presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia, 8–10 October. SPE-77910.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. HohendorffFilho J.C.V., andSchiozer D.J.
    (2018). Effect of reservoir and production system integration on field production strategy selection, Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles73, 44.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Goodlett, G. O., Honarpour, M. M., Chung, F. T. et al.
    (1986). The Role of Screening and Laboratory Flow Studies in EOR Process Evaluation. Presented at SPE Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting, Billings, Montana, 19–21 May. SPE-15172-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hwang, C. L., & Yoon, K.
    (1981). Methods for multiple attribute decision making. In Multiple attribute decision making (pp. 58–191). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lake, L. W., Johns, R. T., Rossen, W. R. et al.
    (2014). Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery. Richardson, Texas: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Langtangen, H.P.
    (1991). Sensitivity analysis of an enhanced oil recovery process, Appl. Math. Modelling, Vol. 15.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Moreno, J., Gurpinar, O., and Liu, Y.
    (2014). EOR Advisor System: A Comprehensive Approach to EOR Selection. Presented at the International Petroleum Technology Conference, Kuala Lumpur, 10–12 December. IPTC-17798-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. RaiK., JohnsR.T., DelshadM., LakeL.W., GoudarziA.
    (2013). Oil-recovery predictions for surfactant polymer flooding, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering112, 341 – 350.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Saaty, T.L.
    (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process, New York: McGraw-Hill.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Saaty, T. L., Peniwati, K.
    (2008). Group Decision Making: Drawing out and Reconciling Differences. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: RWS Publications. ISBN 978-1-888603-08-8
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Skinner, D.C.
    (2001). Introduction to Decision Analysis. Probabilistic Publishing, Gainsville, FL 32653.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Siena, M., Guadagnini, A., Rossa, E. D. et al.
    (2015). A New Bayesian Approach for Analogs Evaluation in Advanced EOR Screening. Presented at the EUROPEC 2015, Madrid, Spain, 1–4 June. SPE-174315-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Smith, B.
    (2003). Ontology. In L.Floridi (Ed.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Computing and Information (pp. 155–166). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Surguchev, L. and Li, L.
    (2000). IOR Evaluation and Applicability Screening Using Artificial Neural Networks. Presented at the SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, 3–5 April. SPE-59308-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Taber, J. J., Martin, F. D., and Seright, R. S.
    (1997a). EOR Screening Criteria Revisited - Part 1: Introduction to Screening Criteria and Enhanced Recovery Field Projects.SPE Res Eval & Eng12(3): 189–198. SPE-35385-PA.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. (1997b). EOR Screening Criteria Revisited - Part 2: Applications and Impact of Oil Prices.SPE Res Eval & Eng12(3): 199–206. SPE-39234-PA.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. WoodD.J, LarryW. Lake L.W, JohnsR., andNunez V.
    , A Screening Model for CO2 Flooding and Storage in Gulf Coast Reservoirs Based on Dimensionless Groups, paper presented at the 2006 SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery held in Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.A., 22–26 April 2006, SPE 100021
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Zerafat, M. M., Ayatollahi, S., Mehranbod, N. et al.
    (2011). Bayesian Network Analysis as a Tool for Efficient EOR Screening. Presented at the SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference, Kuala Lumpur, 19–21 July. SPE-143282-MS.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202133040
Loading
/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202133040
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error