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First EAGE South-East Asia Regional Geology Workshop - Workshop on Palaeozoic Limestones of South-East Asia and South China
- Conference date: 05 Dec 2011 - 08 Dec 2011
- Location: Ipoh, Malaysia
- ISBN: 978-94-6282-051-7
- Published: 05 December 2011
21 - 30 of 30 results
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Electric Modelling and Imaging of Sinkholes Developed after the 26 December 2004 Tsunami in the Karstic Limestone in Southern Thailand
Authors P. H. Giao, N. Prechavit and R. ManopSouthern Thailand has a distinguishing karst topography, which is underlain by soluble carbonate rocks with various systems of karsts. Sinkholes represent a common geohazard associated with karst terrain, and in reality they are found in many areas in Southern Thailand such as Krabi, Chumphon, Narathiwat, Phangnga, Yala, Ranong, Songkhla, Satun and Trang. The catastrophic 26th December 2004 tsunami and earthquake of 9.3 Richter have shaken many South and Southeast Asian countries, including Southern Thailand. This paper presents the results of an investigation, jointly conducted by the Asian Institute of Technology and Department of Mineral Resources of Thailand, aimed at detection of the sinkholes in carbonate rocks in the Southern Thailand, which were triggered by the 26 December 2004 tsunami. As reported, the largest of the eighteen sinkholes found in early January 2005 by the Department of Mineral Resources, Thailand (DMR) is in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, measuring 20 meters in diameter and 10 meters deep. In this paper, a brief review on sinkhole formation and data related to karst topography as well as main mechanism of sinkhole collapses in Trang and Satun provinces are presented. Electric modeling was done to study on the effectiveness of the electric imaging technique. Results of some field surveys are analyzed and shown.
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Limestone Hills, Rockfalls and the Developers
More LessLimestone hills provide scenic or picturesque settings. However, hidden amongst these limestone hills are potential geohazards in the form of rockfalls. Therein lies the dilemma faced by the submitting engineer for the developer who might want to carry out development projects in areas close to or in the vicinity of limestone hills
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Geomechanical Characterization of Limestone at Gunung Lang, Ipoh for Geohazard Mitigation
Authors A. Ghani Rafek and A. AzizanLimestone hills in the vicinity of Ipoh, Perak, while being picturesque and having geo-heritage value, also have a history of rock falls and rock slides, resulting in loss of human lives as well as damage to property and infrastructure. This paper discusses the geomechanical characterisation of limestone hills at Gunung Lang, an abandoned quarry area that has been gazetted as a recreational park by the Ipoh City Council.
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Formation of Sinkholes in the Kinta Valley, Perak
Authors W.S. Chow, B.J Pierson, A.K. Askury and Z.T.H ZuharThe first documented occurrence of sinkholes in the Kinta Valley was reported in the 1950s when a sinkhole occurred beside a railway track near Pengkalan. Since then, sinkhole occurrences were documented in the archives of the Minerals and Geoscience Department. The incidents of sinkhole occurrence reached a peak in the 1970s and 80s just before the collapse of the tin-mining industry in the Kinta valley where more than 50 sinkholes were found in the Lahat-Bukit Merah area.
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Prospects of Geotourism in Limestone Area: Experience from the Langkawi Global Geopark
By Che Aziz AliLimestone outcrops have long been associated with human civilizations and cultures. Many evidences of early settlements and burial ground have been found in limestone caves. In this modern era, limestone is regarded as a rock of a thousand uses and is being actively mined everywhere for short-term economic gain. At the same time, limestone outcrops have attracted a lot of people who come to admire their aesthetic, cultural and recreational values. Malaysia has very limited limestone areas but they are known for their high aesthetic and scientific values. However, in Malaysia today we are witnessing a conflict between destructive and non-destructive exploitations of limestone. Many beautiful limestone outcrops have been mined because of their high economic value without a slight consideration for other more important values that can bring in more cash in the long term.
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Geocellular Modelling of a Naturally Fractured Carbonate in the Song Hong Basin, Vietnam
More Less3D Geocellular Modeling of a Naturally Fractured Carbonate in the Song Hong Basin, Vietnam
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Potential Palaeozoic Hydrocarbon Plays in and around Peninsular Malaysia
Authors Bernard J. Pierson, Askury A.Kadir, Chow Weng Sum and Zuhar Z.T. HarithPaleozoic sedimentary deposits are exposed in several locations on Peninsular Malaysia and may contain all the elements of a hydrocarbon system. Initial observations, mainly in the Kinta Valley, suggest the presence of source rocks, reservoirs and seals within the Paleozoic interval. The limestone hills of the Kinta Valley were the initial focus of this research project. The hills are remnants of extensive limestone beds, which are part of a very large Paleozoic carbonate complex that covered large parts of South-East Asia. The limestone beds are interbedded with sandstone, siltstone and carbonaceous shale over a thickness of up to 3000m.
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Implications of Fracture Network Mapping in the Palaeozoic Limestone of the Kinta Valley, Malaysia
Authors Maryam S. Dzulkefli, L. Ducarme, S. Kassa and B.J. PiersonThe Palaeozoic limestone exposed at Tambun, near Ipoh, Malaysia, displays spectacular fracture networks. Fractures were mapped on a vertical cliff face representing the top of a vertically-dipping bed, striking approximately N-S. Four major fracture sets cover the bed surface: vertical fractures, horizontal fractures and 2 sets of oblique fractures. The vertical fractures are orientated along an east-west plane. The density of vertical fractures is the highest, with a frequency that is locally less than 2 cm. The horizontal fractures dip slightly to the east, locally show a displacement along the vertical fractures and have a frequency of about 10 cm. The oblique fractures are shear fractures, are at about 40º and 50º to the vertical fractures, respectively and have a frequency of about 50 cm. Mapping the fracture networks indicates a σ1orientated along an east-west axis and an σ3 orientated along a north-south axis. The fractures are the result of a compressional stress, along an east-west axis and have created a significant fracture porosity at the location of the Tambun outcrop. Similar fracture systems could be found in subsurface Palaeozoic limestones, including the ones that form fractured oil reservoirs in SE Asia. The measured outcrops could therefore be used as analogues.
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Palaeogeographic Evolution of the Southeast Asia Palaeozoic Carbonate Complexes
Amalgamation and accretion of Southeast Asia continental blocks has occurred during the Late Devonian to Late Cretaceous tectonic movements, its consequences led to the closure and opening of oceanic basins, and orogeny. The Southeast Asia carbonate complexes shared the same regional tectonic history of uplifting, faulting and compressional strains. The main Terranes of the present Southeast Asia were located within the palaeo-Thethys in an equatorial latitudinal setting in Permian period and the geological dating of the carbonates imply presence of regional relationship between carbonate buildups. Paleomagnetic data in northwestern Malaysia, biogeographic evidence throughout India, Australia, and China with palaeoclimatic conditions in the region were favored carbonate growth and might suggest that the Palaeozoic limestone formed continuous carbonate chain in the region, from Malaysia to Thailand. In addition to the microfossils, the absence of siliciclastics within the limestone sequences and syndepositional slope structures are considered as evidences for deeper depositional setting.
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Geophysical Reconnaissance of Housing Area in Klebang and Sinkhole Occurrences in Jeram, West Malaysia
Authors Riyadh Yassin and Ros Fatihah MuhammadGeophysical reconnaissance in two areas of different landuse has been carried out. Housing area in Klebang and Jeram shows some degree of difference of subsurface morphology. Subsurface karst in Klebang shows rather undulating limestone platforms while many cavities believed to be water conduits appear in Jeram. A rapid increase of sinkholes occurrences were reported after the disasterous 26th Dec. 2004 earthquake in Sumatera. Many cavities are present here are only covered by thin layers of loose sands and clay materials. These cavities are thought to be preexisting features that had been rapidly filled with sand/clay, due to the tremor triggered by the earthquake.
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