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APGCE 2019
- Conference date: October 29-30, 2019
- Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Published: 29 October 2019
61 - 80 of 99 results
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NEARER, DENSER, LONGER: VARIABLE STREAMER LENGTH HIGH DENSITY TOWED STREAMER ACQUISITION TAILORED TO FULL WAVEFORM INVERSION AND HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGING
Authors M. Widmaier, S. Naumann, G. Rønholt, D. O’Dowd and C. RoalkvamSummaryComplex geology, heterogeneous overburden, or a wide range of target depths makes the design of the optimal seismic acquisition solution and the corresponding imaging workflow more challenging. E.g., high-resolution imaging of shallow targets benefits from high density spatial sampling of the near offsets and broadband acquisition technology. On the other hand, imaging of deeper targets and the use of full waveform inversion (FWI) for velocity model building requires long offset recordings. In this case study from the Norwegian Barents Sea, we demonstrate the advantage of a novel acquisition solution that combines triple-source with a high density multisensor streamer spread and a variable streamer length. We evaluate the effect of long offset data on FWI, show how the updates can be extended to greater depths, and demonstrate the high-density acquisition for high-resolution imaging. We also elaborate on the future option to deploy the high-density streamer configuration with a wide tow source setup in front of the streamer spread, to further optimize imaging and AVO of shallow targets.
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LITHO-SEISMIC CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ELASTIC ROCK PARAMETERS AT “KELUARGA” FIELD, KUTAI BASIN, EAST KALIMANTAN USING PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION APPROACH
Authors S.S. Widita, Sudarmaji, M. Nukman, D.B. Prabowo and H. KhairySummarySeismic reservoir characterization with litho-seismic classification method was aimed to map the sandstone probability. Simultaneous seismic inversion was performed using the PSTM (Pre-stack Time Migration) data from “Keluarga” field which is located at offshore Mahakam PSC. This study is able to analyze the probability of facies in the study area based on lithology classification from elastic rock parameters that gained from seismic inversion IP (P-Impedance), PR (Poisson Ratio) and its derivative of LambdaRho (LR) and MuRho (MR). Cross-plot between elastic rock parameters showed the lithology classification that fitted with its real model. The Probability Density Function (PDF) was used as the statistical approach to determine the lithologies probability and result in the lithology probability cubes. These outcomes are able to use for future field development.
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UNCERTAINTY IN MODELLING TOP SEAL AND FAULT SEAL CAPACITY
Authors R. Davies, D. Povey, M. D'Souza, N. Rahim Othman and G. IskenovaSummaryThis paper provides a novel approach for incorporating stratigraphic uncertainty modelled from well logs in determination of top seal and fault seal sealing capacity for basin and prospect scale analysis.
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USING SEISMIC SCULPTING, SPECTRAL DECOM AND RGB BLENDING TO IDENTIFY SUBTLE TRAPS AND DHI IN EAST MALAY BASIN
By J. ZhouSummaryMalay Basin is believed to still have significant HC potential in the stratigraphic and combination traps. A seismic sculpting workflow consisting of layer generation, spectral decomposition and RGB blending is proven very helpful in identifying more geobodies than found by amplitude response alone. It also helps in interpretation of depositional system and DHI identification. A total of 16 stratigraphic & combination traps and a missing pay were found in the AOI.
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MATURING POTENTIAL FRACTURED BASEMENT PLAY IN MALAY BASIN THROUGH REGIONAL INTEGRATED APPROACH
Authors R. Danial, N.H. Ngoc, J. Zhou, L. Jeevachandran, M.S. Abdullah, C. Shae Nee and M.A. FazilSummaryFractured basements play widely studied in the world of oil and gas exploration lately. Several hydrocarbon discoveries and fields exists around the globe. An intensive basement exploration campaign is required to achieve ‘a material impact’ on reserves to develop basement field. In southern part of Malay Basin, the basement play is proven based on the discoveries in Anding Field. The basement lithologies in Malay basin are relatively complex which consist of granitic, gabbro, diorite, dolerite, andesite, volcanic, basalt, limestone, sandstone, phyllite, quazite & argillite (metasediment). Few approaches been adopted such as data logging, core data, fluid data, seismic attributes to mature the basement play in the region.
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A FULL WAVEFORM INVERSION SCHEME FOR AUTOMATED SALT VELOCITY MODEL BUILDING
Authors F.S. Dzulkefli, M. Kalita, K. Xin, T. AlKhalifah and A.R. GhazaliSummaryIn area with the presence of complex large salt bodies results in a much more complicated and highly nonlinear inversion problem where we have multiple local minima with the possibility of having an ill-pose FWI problem. Current method typically pick the top salt, flood it and pick the bottom salt and include the manually developed salt in the initial velocity model. It requires a clear contrast boundary between the salt and the background sediments. This is not only time consuming but the manual interpretation is vulnerable to errors especially the bottom of the salt. An automatic velocity model building is a better alternative to manual interpretation and horizon picking. By applying FWI in two stages of model regularization namely, FWI+TV and flooding, we successfully implemented an automated velocity model building for salt body on SEAM 3D salt model. FWI+TV act as a penalty function to control the variation in the model while preserving the edges of the salt body and flooding smear the high velocity below the top of the salt across the region where there is a drop in the velocity with depth. The proposed method is more robust and less time consuming compared to the standard ‘migrate-pick-flood’ approach.
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UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS IN ELASTIC AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBON RESERVOIR: PITFALLS AND PROPOSE SOLUTIONS
Authors L. Luluan, M. Hermana, D. Ghosh and C. Weng SumSummaryFor the last decades, the seismic amplitude is the main tool for hydrocarbon predictions. Although seismic data provides subtle information about the structure and geometry, the sensitivity to hydrocarbon fluids is still limited. This paper presents the uncertainties and sensitivity analysis of seismic amplitude and other common elastic properties in discriminating the hydrocarbon fluids. We found out that almost all elastic properties failed in discriminating low hydrocarbon saturation. We present the pitfalls and propose solutions by for hydrocarbon reservoir discrimination especially on low hydrocarbon reservoirs.
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THE PRE OLIGOCENE NEW PLAY CONCEPT OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA BASIN WITHIN THE REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors S.R. Iyer, M.H. Damanhuri, A.A. Azman and F. IliasSummaryMalay and Penyu Basins located on the eastern offshore area of Peninsular Malaysia are prolific petroliferous basins which are contiguous with the basins to the north in the Gulf of Thailand. These basins were formed during the Cenozoic extension along the regional Three Pagodas strike slip fault zone. The proven plays in Malay Basin are in the stratigraphic Groups M to B ranging in age from Oligocene to Pliocene and the older stratigraphy has been poorly documented due to very few well penetrations. Concerted efforts to rejuvenate hydrocarbon exploration in these mature basins led to the identification of a Pre Oligocene play spread over the southwestern flank of Malay Basin, Tenggol Arch and NE Penyu Basin. The sedimentary character of this new play is unequivocal based on the 3D seismic data in two N-S trending grabens on the Tenggol Arch, formed during an older phase of Early Paleogene or Mesozoic age, and is capped by a major regional unconformity. The new play is the likely southern equivalent of the poorly explored Mesozoic section of Phuquoc-Kampot Som Basin and Khorat basins to the north which developed as a foreland basin in response to the build-up of a Paleo-Pacific magmatic arc.
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PORE THROAT BASED ROCK TYPING AS A KEY TO UNDERSTANDING PERMEABILITY CONTROLS IN DIAGENETICALLY ALTERED CLASTIC RESERVOIR
Authors A. Belevich, C. Smart, J. Parlindungan Panjaitan, W. Gunary Abadi, A. Ertanto and Y. HendrayanaSummaryCharacterisation of porosity and even more critically permeability in diagenetically altered clastic reservoirs can be challenging and differs from conventional reservoirs. The challenge stems from the presence of multiple pore throat sizes. A number of processes can create these complex pore networks and a typical sand reservoir in Belanak field ticks most of the boxes in terms of complexity of pore morphology. Clay coatings, quartz overgrowth, carbonate cements and feldspar dissolution with secondary porosity, are universally present and occasionally coexist in key producing intervals. The link between rock quality and depositional environment does not exists in the studied reservoirs. These factors combined, created a complex assemblage of rock types, which are highly heterogeneous vertically and spatially. A simple power function porosity-permeability transform is not viable and will not allow efficient mapping of the best producing rock types. Reservoir rock typing (RRT) approach that takes into account the effect of pore-throat radius (PTR) on permeability is required. The ultimate objective of RRT development in this study was to (1) understand the spatial distribution of RRT, which are capable of flow and (2) make volumetric assessments of total connected net pay available within the oil rim to optimize well trajectories.
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RESERVOIR PROSPECTIVITY OF OLIGOCENE SYN-RIFT; CASE STUDY IN NORTH EAST MALAY BASIN, OFFSHORE PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Authors R. Roslan, J. Zhou, M.R. Anuar, R. Danial, S.N.A. Sy Khastudin and N.A. A GaparSummaryEasier shallow clastic reservoir targets within Malay Basin have been depleted, and test of new play such as deeper reservoir is needed. PETRONAS Carigali is shifting the focus to explore the potential of synrift play in North East of Malay Basin. However, to date there is no significant commercial discoveries have been made from syn-rift play in Malay Basin.
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ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING OF CONTINUOUS WAVEFIELDS DATA - A CASE STUDY
Authors T. Klüver, S. Hegna, J. Lima and M. WidmaierSummaryIn summer 2018 a test survey was acquired offshore Brazil using a novel method based on continuous wavefields on top of a survey that had been previously acquired using a conventional dual source setup. The novel acquisition. In this paper, we describe the differences between the continuous wavefield method and the conventional method in terms of how the data sets were acquired, the environmental footprint of the seismic sources that were used, and the processing methods applied to the data sets. Finally we discuss the results obtained after 3D migration.
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ROCK PHYSICS AT-SCALE, ENABLED BY BIG DATA ANALYTICS & MACHINE LEARNING
Authors A. Mannini, N.M. Hernandez and F. BaillardSummaryRock Physics At-Scale, enabled by Big Data Analytics & Machine Learning
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WHY PEOPLE MATTER IN A SUCCESSFUL DIGITALISATION STRATEGY
Authors E. Andersen, A. Mannini, N.M. Hernandez and F. BaillardSummaryWhy people matter in a successful digitalisation strategy
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CHASING INTRIGUING SHALLOW CLASTIC PLAY IN SARAWAK OFFSHORE
Authors R. Yusupjanov, S. Nayak, S. Soed, A.J. B Che Johari and N.D.B. Adi AsokanSummaryGeological and geophysical studies have indicated considerable potential in shallow clastic play in Offshore Sarawak. A renewed approach with focused geophysical analyses with a robust regional geological model can unravel this promising upside hydrocarbon accumulations yet to be discovered in the Sarawak Basin. With pre carbonate and carbonate prospectivity become exhausted, shallow clastic holds the key for future exploration target.
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M-70 SAND: REALIZING THE GROUP M HIDDEN OPPORTUNITY IN MALAY BASIN
SummaryGenerally, marine petroleum system has been dominating global oil and gas exploration and production. Today, with Peninsula Malay sia’s marine giants have been widely discovered and produced, regional lacustrine petroleum system is gaining attention among local players. The M Sand in Malay Basin is of lacustrine setting and has always been associated with tight sand/formation due to the deep burial and compaction took place during the deposition. This scenario has indirectly discouraged the exploration focus on this group as it was believed to be economically unattractive. The objective of this paper is to share the challenges and hidden potential of Group M in Malay Basin focusing on risk and uncertainty management from exploration to development stage.
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RAPID EVALUATION OF RESERVOIR CONNECTIVITY IN A MULTI-STACKED SANDSTONE RESERVOIR FOR IMPROVE OIL RECOVERY PURPOSES
SummaryThis paper presents rapid techniques of reservoir connectivity evaluation in a mature oilfield with multi-stacked sandstone reservoir and recovery process involving waterflooding, through production and injection data analyses. The issue in waterflooding here is to understand the influence of water injection to oil production in complex reservoir geology. Hence, accurate interpretation of reservoir connectivity is critical to have high flow efficiency. Prudent reservoir management often requires fast solution to evaluate and subsequently improve the efficiency of the on-going waterflooding performance and also for tertiary recovery purposes. Therefore, dynamic data analytics workflow applying Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (PCC) interwell connectivity technique verified with Streamline is proposed. The PCC and Streamline techniques are able to provide rapid framing analysis of reservoir network incorporating production and injection data. Both techniques can identify areas with good or poor connectivity, injection efficiency and barrier/sealing fault in relatively short timeframe (weeks). Identification of these areas can provide important information for reservoir characterization, reservoir dynamic behaviour and reservoir management plans. It can be utilized as an efficient tool for management to decide strategic business decision to improve oil recovery through waterflood optimization and enhanced oil recovery processes.
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HIGH-RESOLUTION FULL-WAVEFORM INVERSION FOR STRUCTURAL IMAGING IN THE MALAY BASIN
Authors H. Tan J, S. Zainal, H. Mohamed, P. Soo K, C. Lam C, S. Maitra, R. Alai, M. Zohdi S F B, B. Danial R, B. Roslan R, A. Aziz S S B, B. Ghazali M and S. DhanapalSummaryConventional velocity model building methods like ray-based tomography are not optimal in the shallow water environment due to lack of usable near offsets. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) can be an effective model building tool, particularly in Malay Basin where presence of shallow gas bodies and shallow channels posed several imaging challenges. In this paper, we exhibited that joint refraction and reflection FWI can produce improvements in seismic images and provide high resolution velocity model that can aid interpretation.
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LEAST SQUARES Q PRE-STACK DEPTH MIGRATION: A LEAP FORWARD IN SEISMIC IMAGING OF COMPLEX SUBSURFACE STRUCTURES
Authors L. DoH, C. Lam C, L. GhazaliM, S. Maitra, A. Bisset, L. AlfredS and M. MasatoSummaryStandard Kirchhoff Q Pre-stack Depth Migration (QPSDM) can help to compensate for the amplitude decay, phase distortion and resolution reduction. However, the increased migration noise associated with QPSDM process still remains a challenge. With recent advances in high performance computing and algorithms, Least Squares Q Pre-stack Depth Migration (LS-QPSDM) has become a viable solution to overcome existing shortcomings of conventional QPSDM. Compared with conventional QPSDM, LS-QPSDM combines the benefits of both Least Squares Migration and QPSDM to improve the amplitude fidelity and image resolution of the seismic data.
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HIGH-RESOLUTION BIOSTRATIGRAPHY: ITS IMPACT ON RESERVOIR MODELLING, A CASE STUDY FROM THE MALAY BASIN
Authors S. Noon, S. Rahmad, M.T. Nguyen, S.L. Chan and S. Mhd. SabohiSummaryAn integrated reservoir description project was designed to help reduce uncertainty and define the conceptual model/static model for five wells. The study was focused on a Middle to Early Miocene incised channel fill. A 53m core was closely sampled to provide a ‘type section’ for the reservoir. High-resolution biostratigraphy shows that the reservoirs and bounding shales/claystones were deposited in coastal settings with shallow marine environments of deposition indicated both above and below fluvial to intertidal reservoir sands. Accomodation space for deposition of the reservoir was likely to have been initially created by tectonic uplift leading to incision, but a possible eustasy-driven sequence boundary is seen towards the base of the channel-fill. For modelling purposes the interpreted depositional model derived from biostratigraphy/biofacies was divided into fluvial dominated, and tidal dominant settings. A depositional facies modelling approach was then applied and two main reservoir zones: Zone 1 and Zone 2 were defined. Sedimentological core description and all other available datasets including well logs, core analysis, seismic attributes and biofacies-based high-resolution biostratigraphy, seen in the context of modern ecological and geographic analogues, proved to be crucial for enabling the development of an effective static model which in this case-study validates reservoir simulation results.
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APPLICATION OF ADVANCED DEEP DIRECTIONAL RESISITIVITY IN COMPLEX RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION – A CASE STUDY FROM MALAY BASIN
Authors S.H. Samsuddin, R. Rahman, K.W. Poh and C.L. LaiSummaryThe I45 reservoir is a channel system which consists of multiple stacked sand-bodies with complex internal geometry that result in multiple fluid contacts. The complex reservoir architecture and sub-seismic features make reservoir modeling and well planning a challenge. However, on the horizontal well which was recently drilled, an advanced deep-directional resistivity tool was used to help optimize well placement. On top of that, this tool also helped resolve some uncertainties about the internal architecture; it helped confirm and map the presence of a shale-filled channel. This knowledge, once incorporated into the static model, ultimately provided a robust reservoir model that matched the reservoir performance better.
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