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16th International Conference Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment
- Conference date: November 15-18, 2022
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 15 November 2022
61 - 80 of 226 results
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On the Prospects of Hydrocarbons and Natural Hydrogen Deposits Discovery in Prospecting Areas Near the City of Vasilkyv According to Research Data Using Direct-Prospecting Methods
Authors I. M. Korchagin and M. A. YakymchukSummaryThe results of reconnaissance survey of a local site and big blocks in region of Vasilkyv town are presented. Experimental studies were carried out with the aim of additional approbation of direct-prospecting methods and improvement of methodology of their application in the exploration process for oil, gas and natural hydrogen. The results of frequency-resonance processing of photograph and satellite images of survey site and blocks indicate that it is promising for hydrocarbon detection of in cross-section. In northern part of research area, a basalt volcanic complex has been localized, which is promising for natural hydrogen and living water accumulations searching in the cross-section. During cross-section scanning, responses at gas frequencies were recorded almost without interruption up to 5 km. Near Vasilkyv city, a basalt volcano with hydrogen and living water, and a limestone-filled volcano were discovered. The results of survey indicate the advisability of direct-prospecting methods using when studying the deep structure by geoelectric and seismic methods. The proven mobile technology of satellite images and photographs frequency-resonance processing allows filling the cross-section with specific rocks (sedimentary, metamorphic and magmatic), as well as identifying areas on surface and intervals in cross-section that are promising for ore and combustible minerals prospecting.
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Econometric Modelling of the Agricultural Sector Sustainable Development
Authors O. Vasyl’yeva, M. Kuzmenko, K. Skrynchenko, S. Zapototskyi and O. MaslovaSummaryUsing the Cobb-Douglas production function, econometric analysis with eco-socio-economic factors has shown that economic growth in agriculture is associated with improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics of labour potential, growing capital investment and reducing pollutant emissions. Estimation of the elasticity coefficients of the constructed Cobb-Douglas function (the sum exceeds 1) justifies that the economic development of agriculture mainly contains the features of a large-scale economy: modern level of science and technology provides advantageous expanding production to increase output. The constructed models allow to forecast assessment of the development of the agricultural sector’s components and can be used to develop the basic directions of the state agricultural policy to manage the formation and use of resource potential.
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Results of Reconnaissance Survey by Direct-Prospecting Methods within a Prospecting Block in Cabora Bassa Basin (Zimbabwe) for Assessing the Prospects of Hydrocarbon Accumulations Detecting
More LessSummaryThe results of reconnaissance studies within areas of exploratory wells drilling in Cabora Bassa Basin (Zimbabwe) are presented. The survey of large blocks in Basin was carried out on June 11, 2022 and of drilling site – on August 1, 2022. The results of frequency-resonance processing of Zimbabwe territory fragment with a license block and photograph with drilling site allow to state that probability of receiving fluid inflows (oil, condensate, gas) in commercial volumes in two projected wells on block is close to zero! Within license block only signals at frequencies of 11th (kimberlites) group of igneous rocks and diamonds were registered. It is advisable to realize a project of reconnaissance survey of entire Zimbabwe territory in order to identify the most promising blocks for oil and gas detailed exploration. The materials of study, as well as results of previously performed experimental work at drilling sites indicate the advisability of additional use of direct-prospecting methods at stages of site selection for prospecting wells laying. The additional use of direct-prospecting methods during sites selection for prospecting wells laying makes it possible to detect the most optimal zones, as well as assess the feasibility of planned wells drilling within a promising structure.
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Dynamics of Hydromorphological Parameters of Lakes of Shatsk National Nature Park (1933–2021)
Authors L. V. Ilyin and O. V. IlyinaSummaryMorphometry of hollows is an important factor that forms the hydrological regime and ecological state of lakes. It depends on the distribution of temperature and soluble gases in a vertical section, the components of mineralization, the content and placement of bottom sediments, features of stock processes, species composition and biomass of macrophytic and planktonic groups, etc. The shape of the basin, area, volume, depth belong to the main morphometric indicators of lakes.
The explored lakes are located in the north-west of Ukraine within the Shatsk National Nature Park (Ukraine). The results of the study show a change in the most important morpho-morphometric parameters of all lakes for the period from 1933 to 2021. It was established that most lakes have experienced a decrease in the values of morphometric and hydrological parameters (maximum length and width, area, volume of water, etc.) over 88 years.
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Using the Geopolariton Tomography Based on Uav to Explore and Monitor Coalfield Subsurface Structures in Shaanxi, China
Authors S. I. Prokopenko, O. O. Vodopianov and X. ChenSummaryGeopolariton tomography technology is a passive geophysical method that uses nonequilibrium geopolariton radiation of the Earth to explore the stress-strain state of rocks. The use of technology makes it possible not only to assess the prospects of a mining area at the design stage of work but also to control the safety of mining operations by monitoring the stress-strain state of rocks. This exploration was carried out to identify the subsurface structures of a coalfield as part of the project 2022-05-JSFU-01 commissioned by Yulin University, China. Aerogeophysical work was carried out in Shaanxi Province in northern China at the licensed area of the mining company Shenmu Shimengou Mining Co., Ltd. Shaanxi is among the provinces with abundant coal resources. An area of 2.5 km2 was investigated according to the geological task. As a result of the study, in the coalfield, at a depth of 127 m, abandoned mine workings were found. According to the obtained geophysical information, the coal mining design plans for this section of coalfield have been adjusted. Coalfield monitoring agreements were achieved. Ministry of Emergency Management published a recommendation for using geopolariton tomography to monitor the safety of underground mines.
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Methodological Bases for Monitoring the Ecological State of the Geological Environment in the Mine Flooding Zone of Donbas Under the Influence of Armed Conflict
Authors E. Yakovlev, S. Chumachenko, A. Kodrik, V. Ermakov, A. Borysov and V. DermanSummaryOne of the most important directions for the development and operation of ecological monitoring of the natural environment in technogenically overloaded regions, primarily mining regions, is the determination of the ecological parameters state of geological environment and the provision of reliable environmental information.
The environmental monitoring system (EMS) is of the most important directions for the development and operation of ecological monitoring of the natural environment in technogenically overloaded regions, primarily mining regions, is the determination of the ecological parameters state of geological environment and the provision of reliable environmental information for the assessment of the life activity safety (LAS) of citizens.
Monitoring of the ecological state of the GE in the mine flooding zone of Donbas in case of irreversible disruption of the ecological parameters of the subsoil in the area of hostilities in the general hierarchical structure refers to local, object and regional monitoring and is a complex system. Therefore, it includes observation, evaluation and forecasting of changes in the ecological state of the geological component of natural-technogenic-made geosystems (NTGS) “mining complex-geological environment” and the corresponding response of ecosystems to these changes, which are primarily related to the impact of flooding mines, dangerous factors and pollution of military origin and unsatisfactory land use in these territory.
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Geoelectrical Model of the Zvizdal-Zaliska and Brusylivka Fault Zones of the Ukrainian Shield
Authors T. Burakhovych, V. Ilienko and A. KushnirSummaryIn order to study the deep structure of the geoelectrically complex junction zone of three megablocks of the western part of the Ukrainian shield (Volyn’, Podil, and Ros’), the three-dimensional model of the central part of the Zvizdal-Zaliska and Brusyliv fault zones was created. It is based on modern experimental observations of the low-frequency Earth’s natural electromagnetic field in a wide range of periods. The main issues of the geoelectrical modeling methodology using the Mtd3fwd software complex were considered, such as model elements, stages, alternative models, examples of calculations and observed data comparison, errors, etc. It was established that there are connections between conductivity and structural features of the Zvizdal-Zaliska, Brusyliv, Nemyriv fault zones, the Samgorod fault and the Kocheriv synclinorium. Most of the isolated conductors appear in a mosaic pattern along the extended fault zones and form interspersed chains of high and low resistivity. Most of the anomalies coincide with ore occurrences, ore-bearing fields and mineral deposits.
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New Results of Modeling Electrical Characteristics of the Atmosphere Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors T. Bilyi, Yu. Zelenin, V. Shpyg and K. HudaSummaryOn the basis of experimental data vertical distribution electric field strength of the atmosphere, the applied problem of fitting constants in the model of the average self-consistent electric field is solved. The model is based on the nonlinear Poisson equation. Such an approach is not trivial because generally known in meteorology interpolation exponential functions describing the empirical distribution of the electrical characteristics of the atmosphere not quite correctly reproduce the experimental data. The verification of the constants was carried out based on two different experimental data sets of aircraft and Balloon sounding of the electric field intensity of the atmosphere. The values match well despite the fact that the results of the calculations were carried out using different measurement methods, spatial distribution and for different years. It is also shown that the results of the vertical distribution of dielectric constant correlate well with the vertical distribution of ozone partial pressure. For the first time the relationship between the vertical distribution of the polarization term and the partial pressure of ozone has been obtained which requires further study.
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Modern Geoelectromagnetic Research of Golovanivsko-Yadliv-Trachtemyrivska Suture Zone
Authors A. Kushnir, V. Ilienko and O. ChalyiSummaryThe Ukrainian shield, which is studied in the work, hides in its bowels significant reserves of ferrous, rare and precious metals. In this regard, new experimental synchronous observations using low-frequency electromagnetic methods – deep magnetotelluric soundage in a wide range of periods of the bowels joint zone northern slope of the central part Ukrainian shield and the Dnipro-Donetsk depression – were carried out. The formal interpretation of magnetotelluric soundage curves indicates the presence of both near-surface (contact zone of sedimentary deposits of the Ukrainian shield and the Dnieper-Donets depression) and deep conductive structures (the Kirovohrad anomaly in the earth’s crust and the southern bort of the Dnieper-Donetsk depression in the lower part of the crust and/or on the boundary with the upper mantle) of different orientation in space, the absence of deep anomalies of electrical conductivity of the earth’s crust and upper mantle along the line between the cities of Boryspil – Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi in the northern part of the Golovanivska (Yadlovo-Traktemirivska) suture zone may indicate the validity of the geodynamic hypothesis that it was formed under compression conditions.
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Structure and Use of the Database “Natural-Anthropogenic Processes in the Landscapes of Ukraine”
More LessSummaryNatural-anthropogenic processes are defined as the indirect consequence of human activity (anthropogenic processes), that causes, enhances or weakens natural processes. The basic scheme of the database “Natural-anthropogenic Processes in the Landscapes of Ukraine” is based on the provisions on the dependence of such processes on the content and intensity of anthropogenic impacts on landscapes. It is taken into account that the consequences of technogenic influences are dependent on the development of natural processes. The course of natural-anthropogenic processes is determined by the landscape conditions of the territory and the existing anthropogenic impacts on the landscapes. The analysis and prognosis of the development of natural anthropogenic processes are considered as the basis for the study of conditions of formation and changes of landscapes. The features of the course of natural-antropogenic processes in different landscape conditions of Ukraine are analyzed. The principles of organization are described and the main blocks of the database “Natural-anthropogenic Processes in the Landscapes of Ukraine” are characterized. The ways of using the database in the study of anthropogenic changes in landscape complexes of regional and local level are considered. The prediction of natural-anthropogenic processes is necessary to assess their influence on landscapes in substantiating the directions of development and postwar restoration of nature management.
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Modern Technologies of Internet of Things in the Restrained Urban Development for Complicated Ground Conditions
Authors I. Kaliukh, O. Voloshkina, V. Efimenko, R. Sipakov, O. Zhukova and T. KaliukhSummaryThe active development of underground urban space (the underground construction of parking lots, subways, etc.) violates the natural hydro-geological regime. Artificial barriers to groundwater filtration cause waterlogging, i. e. underground water rising. As a result, the basements are water damaged, the concrete structures corrosion accelerates, and the service life of buildings, in which the sanitary norms of their operation are not observed, becomes reduced. Consequently, in the process of buildings operation, the stress-strain state of the “base-foundation-superstructure” system undergoes the changes under the influence of the above factors, and the new one evolves. In many cases, this leads to the building structures deterioration, emergencies, and a significant reduction of the structures reliability. The general concept of the geotechnical Internet of Things (IoT) for the restrained urban conditions is offered. Their application will contribute to the deepening of the soil failures scientific understanding and will provide the accurate mapping of landslide hazard zones and their destructive potential assessment. The IoT soil failures surveys there was a variety of monitoring systems, which mainly operated as an information collection about the object or phenomenon under study. The system should disclose the stress-strain state specificity of the structures and foundation part of the building.
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Radioactive Logging Apparatus for Complex Investigations of Near-Surface Rocks
Authors M. S. Bondarenko, V. V. Kulyk, Z. M. Yevstakhevych and S. I. DiachenkoSummaryAt the Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine a modern technology has been created for investigation of grounds (near-surface rocks). The purpose of technology is solution of engineering geological problems, including seismic microzonation. Technology is based on the methods and apparatus of radioactive logging, which involves neutron-neutron logging (NNL), gamma-gamma density logging (DL) and gamma-ray logging (GR).
The abstract presents the results of the development of radioactive logging apparatus as an integral part of the new technology. Prototype three-component tool 2NNL+DL+GR, surface control and registration console were developed and produced on the basis of the modern elemental base.
The created apparatus increases the productivity and efficiency of logging operations by reducing the number of trips, digital recording, storage and transmission of information, and by using the computer programs for processing and interpreting the results of borehole measurements. The effectiveness of the developed apparatus, together with the appropriate metrological and interpretation-methodical support, has been demonstrated on specific example of borehole investigations.
The technology allows to determine the following engineering geophysical parameters: total density, dry ground density, content of shale, porosity, volume moisture, water saturation factor, groundwater level, etc.
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Cluster Analysis in the Remote Sensing Data Processing Seabed Sediments of the Northern-Western Part of the Black Sea
Authors S. Fedoseenkov, O. Shundel, S. Nevierova, Ye. I. Nasiedkin and K. SperanskaSummaryThe report shows the cluster analysis method use to classify the type of bottom from echo sounder records obtained during the survey of the Black Sea northwestern part in the research expedition “Black Sea – 2019”. This technique is based on a bottom classification process, using the analysis of the first and second bottom reflections to give an estimate of bottom type along the ship’s track. This approach is similar to that used in the RoxAnn commercial system. However, multivariate analysis is adopted when grouping bottom types instead of the distribution system commonly used in the RoxAnn system. A fuzzy cluster analysis of the data was performed on the primary data of the Lowrance HDS12 Carbon obtained during the expedition “Black Sea 2019”. According to the result of the cluster analysis, it is shown that this approach can be used for the seabed types classification.
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Extraction of Tritium from Aqueous Solutions by a Clinoptilolite-based Mineral Adsorbent
Authors I. Sevruk, O. Pushkarov and O. ZubkoSummaryThe urgent problem of protecting the environment from the impact of enterprises of the fuel nuclear power complex is the search for effective means to localize tritium from industrial wastewater. In the practice of preventing environmen-tal pollution with industrial waste, mineral adsorbents, among which a significant place is occupied by bentonite (that is, montmorillonite) and palygorskite clays and minerals from the group of zeolites (clinoptilolites and others) are wide-ly used. To increase the adsorption capacity of mineral adsorbents, various methods for their activation are being de-veloped. The possibility of thermomodification of adsorption properties of clinoptilolite of the Sokirnitsky deposit (Ukraine) is estimated by experimental studies using a tritium indicator. Experiments lasting up to 10 months were per-formed in closed stationary systems with unchanged natural clinoptilolite and a similar mineral, but thermally treated at a temperature of 110°C. Under these conditions, all tritium was in closed experimental systems, which provided an opportunity to obtain balance estimates of the distribution of tritium between the liquid phase and various structural positions of the mineral. It is shown that fractionation of hydrogen isotopes occurs in this case. The specific features of the accumulation of tritium in the structure of the zeolite are determined. It has been established that the thermal treatment of clinoptilolite contributes to an increase in the accumulation of tritium in a superficially adsorbed form, but somewhat reduces its occurrence and fixation in the mineral channels. The channel and surface adsorbed forms of finding form the main part of tritium absorbed by the mineral. The heat treatment practically does not affect the ad-sorption capacity of the structurally related form of the finding.
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System of Mobile Environmental Monitoring of the Dniester
Authors V. Trysnyuk, V. Okhariev, T. Trysnyuk, O. Konetska, V. Shumeiko and Ye. PashchenkoSummaryThe mobile environmental monitoring system is aimed at increasing the processing speed of measurement analyzes and increasing the scale of the research. The algorithm of analysis and modeling of extreme floods includes: construction of a series of hydrographic maps of the largest floods and graphs of characteristic water levels, assessment of the peculiarities of floods, formation of a database on channel morphometry and the state of flood objects. An important role is given to the assessment and forecast of the state of the Dniester and anthropogenic impacts on it in connection with such indicators as morbidity and control of pollution caused by flooding. Man-caused ecological safety of use of hydro resources and hydroecosystems in general should be based on the hydroecosystem concept of balanced nature use. GIS technologies were used to directly implement the tasks of estimating the time of penetration of pollutants into groundwater. The evaluation of the protective properties of the rocks of the aeration zone was performed by creating a spatial model to determine the relationship between objects using geoprocessing. Survey materials allow you to create 3D terrain models with an accuracy of 15–20 cm and aerial mosaics at a scale of 1: 1,000–1: 5,000.
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Hydrogeochemical Studies of the Territory of Kalush Mining Complex
Authors E. Kuzmenko, S. Bagriy, R. Mykhailiuk and M. ZasidkoSummaryThe report presents the use of hydrochemical research for assessing aquifer salinity of Quaternary sediments in Kalush mining region, which is located in Ciscarpathian area and is the only drinking horizon for Kalush city. Based on the laboratory analysis results, mineralization and salt composition of the selected water samples from observational hydrogeological wells have been determined. The aquifer salinity map of the study area has been developed. It has been established that the sources of salinity are currently salt pits №1 and №4, and tailing storage facilities №1 and №2. There is currently no threat of salinization of Limnytsia River.
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Mapping Fire Severity over Heterogeneous Forested Landscapes in the Eastern Ukraine to Support Postfire Forest Management
Authors V. Myroniuk, S. Zibtsev, O. Soshenskyi, V. Gumeniuk, R. Vasylyshyn and D. BidolakhSummaryThis paper examines the remote sensing-based approach for mapping burned areas and tracking delayed changes in vegetation conditions after the wildfires of 2020 in the Luhansk region, Ukraine. The field-based fire severity indices (i.e., CBI and GeoCBI) collected through stratified random sampling (regarding the pre-fire land cover) were combined with Sentinel 2 data (dNBR) to map fire severity levels. The GeoCBI index performed better than the CBI in terms of combined use with satellite data. We adjusted the thresholds of dNBR values based on the GeoCBI index and classified burned areas into three levels of fire severity. Comparing the assessment of the fire severity circa 2021 versus 2020, the delayed forest dieback was identified in dry and moist conditions, while forests under wet site conditions showed certain potential for recovery. The study demonstrated a potential for the application of the results (e.g., methodology, reference data, calibrated dNBR thresholds) in a preliminary assessment of the war-caused wildfire effects on forest ecosystems and postfire forest management in the region.
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How the Russian Federation is Destroying the Hydrometeorological Service of Ukraine
Authors M. I. Kulbida, V. O. Manukalo and A. V. KutzyiSummaryInformation and forecasts provided by the Hydrometeorological Service of Ukraine to state authorities, economic sectors and population are extremely important for ensuring national security and sustainable socio-economic development of the country. In 2021, the Hydrometeorological Service celebrated 100 years since its creation and 30 years of activity in the Independent Ukraine. The process of formation and development of the Hydrometeorological Service required significant efforts. Thanks to the support of the state and the dedicated work of the team, the Hydrometeorological Service managed not only to “persist” in the adverse economic conditions, but also to ensure the development of its activities. In accordance with the agreements on cooperation, the Hydrometeorological Servicene ensured the full provision of information and forecasts to neighboring countries, including Russia and Belarus, properly provided services for international maritime traffic in the Azov-Black Sea basin, including maritime transportation of the Russian Federation. Unfortunately, the war that the Russian Federation “de facto” has been waging against Ukraine since 2014 caused huge material losses to the Hydrometeorological Service. The publication briefly presents information (as of August, 2022) about the damage suffered by the infrastructure of the Hydrometeorological Service as a result of the Russian military aggression.
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Improvement of The System of Automated Pointing of the Antenna to the Satellite
Authors V. Trysnyuk, V. Ehorov, T. Trysnyuk, V. Prystupa, Ye. Nahornyj and V. MarushchakSummaryIn the work according to the proposed scenario, the concentrations of secondary formaldehyde pollution from road transport near the main overpasses were calculated at the maximum monthly concentrations and the environmental risks to public health for the conditions of Kyiv were calculated. The results of calculations for the most polluted interchanges in Kyiv are visually presented.
An online system (web portal) of environmental analysis, created on the basis and using ArcGIS solutions (Environmental Analysis) for assessing and understanding the potential ecological risk impact on the environment and public health, taking into account the predicted indicators of formaldehyde concentrations from vehicles at the time of designing the development of city infrastructure (automobile highway), allows you to optimize the environmental impact assessment and reduce the time that needed for required to review the project by government agencies and environmental organizations.
The model creates a real-time forecast (synchronization of data on the calculation of formaldehyde concentrations) for each point (highways) of the earth, which allows you to predict future risk trends, allowing you to move from response strategy to warning strategy and make more informed decisions.
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Assessment of Aridization of Climatic Conditions on the Crimean Peninsula in Summer using Ground and Satellite Data
Authors S. Boychenko and T. KuchmaSummaryClimate vulnerability of the Crimean Peninsula is assessed based on the temperature and precipitation changes for the period 1991–2021 and satellite-derived drought index (VHI) variations for the period 2001–2021. There is an increase of temperature on average by 0.78±0.01 °C per 10 years in summer, and a slight change in precipitation in June and July (within 2±1%). While in August there is a decrease of the precipitation amount by 10–12%. According to analysed data, the most severe drought condition manifestation on the Crimean Peninsula over the last twenty years was observed in 2007, 2017, 2018 and 2020. In the central part of the Crimean peninsula, which belongs to the climatic zone of Steppe Crimea, arid conditions had the greatest manifestation and distribution (zones with extreme and severe drought conditions are observed). Minor areas in the mountainous part of the Crimea also have signs of arid conditions, but for the most part the condition of vegetation is satisfactory in this area. In percentage terms, in 2007 VHI values of extreme and severe drought occupied 57% and 20% of the peninsula’s area accordingly, as well 10% and 29% in 2017, 7% and 22% in 2018 and 11% and 26% in 2020.
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