1887
Volume 69, Issue 2
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2478

Abstract

ABSTRACT

A novel approach of unconventional reservoir stress evaluation is proposed to enhance the accuracy of fracture development prediction. Differential horizontal stress ratio can reflect the stress characteristic of fractured reservoir. To calculate the differential horizontal stress ratio more intuitionistic and simpler, we re‐derive its formula with Poisson's ratio and fracture density. Meanwhile, a new azimuthal PP‐wave amplitude versus offset equation based on Poisson's ratio and fracture density was derived for inverting above elastic parameters directly. Therefore, two steps are needed to realize stress evaluation. First, amplitude‐versus‐azimuthal angle inversion in the Bayesian framework in constraint of prior information such as well log data or rock physics information is executed for elastic and fracture parameters using pre‐stack angle gathers of different azimuth angles. The second procedure is to estimate differential horizontal stress ratio with Poisson's ratio and fracture density. Finally, a real data set is studied to test the new approach and the result demonstrated that the estimated differential horizontal stress ratio can reflect the stress property and it agrees with geological law and the new drilled well interpretation. Therefore, we can conclude that the combination of newly derived differential horizontal stress ratio and azimuthal PP‐wave amplitude versus offset equation in this study provides an available method for estimating the differential horizontal stress ratio of unconventional reservoirs, and the new approach can offer reliable geophysical information for stress evaluation.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13035
2021-01-16
2024-04-27
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Bakulin, A., Grechka, V. and Tsvankin, I. (2000) Estimation of fracture parameters from reflection seismic data—Part I: HTI model due to a single fracture set. Geophysics, 65, 1788–1802. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444863.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Buland, A. and Omre, H. (2003) Bayesian linearized AVO inversion. Geophysics, 68, 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1543206.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Chen, H., Ji, Y. and Innanen, K. (2018) Estimation of modified fluid factor and dry fracture weaknesses using azimuthal elastic impedance. Geophysics, 83, WA73–WA88. https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0075.1.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chen, H.Z., Yin, X.Y., Gao, C.G., Zhang, G.Z. and Chen, J.J. (2014) AVAZ inversion for fluid factor based on fracture anisotropic rock physics theory. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 57, 968–978 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.6038/cjg20140326
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chen, H.Z., Zhang, G.Z. and Yin, X.Y. (2012) AVAZ inversion for elastic parameter and fracture fluid factor. 82th SEG Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2012-0067.1.
  6. Downton, J. and Gray, D. (2006) AVAZ parameter uncertainty estimation. 76th SEG Annual Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 234–238. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2370006.
  7. Downton, J., Pickford, S. and Lines, L. (2001) Constrained three parameter AVO inversion and uncertainty analysis. 71st SEG Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 251–254. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816583.
  8. Downton, J. and Roure, B. (2010) Azimuthal simultaneous elastic inversion for fracture detection. 80th SEG Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 263–267. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3513389.
  9. Du, B.Y., Yang, W.Y., Wang, E.L., Zhang, G.Z. and Gao, J.H. (2015) AVAZ inversion based on Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and anisotropy gradient in fracture media. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 54, 218–225 (in Chinese).
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Dubinya, N., Bayuk, I., Tikhotskiy, S. and Rusina, O. (2018) Localization and characterization of hydraulically conductive fractured zones at seismic scale with the help of Geomecha. 80th EAGE Annual Meeting, Copenhagen, Denmark, Expanded Abstracts, Tu C 08. https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201800722.
  11. Gardner, G., Gardner, L. and Gregory, A. (1974) Formation velocity and density – the diagnostic basics for stratigraphic traps. Geophysics, 39, 770–780. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1440465
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Gray, D., Anderson, P., Logel, J., Delbecq, F., Schmidt, D. and Schmid, R. (2012) Estimation of stress and geomechanical properties using 3D seismic data. First Break, 30, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.3997/1365-2397.2011042.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Gray, D., Schmidt, D.P. and Delbecq, F. (2010) Optimize shale gas field development using stresses and rock strength derived from 3D seismic data. Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, SPE‐137315‐MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/137315-MS.
  14. Hudson, J.A. (1980) Overall properties of a cracked solid. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 88, 371–384. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305004100057674.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Iverson, W.P. (1995) Closure stress calculations in anisotropic formations. Low Permeability Reservoirs Symposium, Denver, Colorado, USA, SPE‐29598‐MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/29598-MS.
  16. Liu, H.J., Ling, Y., Guo, X.Y., Guo, J. and Sun, D. (2011) Fracture prediction based on stress analysis and seismic information: a case study. 81st SEG Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 1118–1123. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627399
  17. Perez, M., Goodway, B. and Purdue, G. (2012) Stress estimation through seismic analysis. 82nd SEG Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2012-1480.1
  18. Rüger, A. (1996) Reflection coefficients and azimuthal AVO analysis in anisotropic media. Ph.D. Thesis, Colorado School of Mines.
  19. Rüger, A. (1998) Variation of P‐wave reflectivity with offset and azimuth in anisotropic media. Geophysics, 63, 935–947. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444405.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Sayers, C.M. and Dean, S. (2001) Azimuth‐dependent AVO in reservoirs containing non‐orthogonal fracture sets. Geophysical Prospecting, 49, 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2478.2001.00236.x.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Schoenberg, M. and Sayers, C. (1995) Seismic anisotropy of fractured rock. Geophysics, 60, 204–211. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1443748.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Starr, J. (2011) Closure stress gradient estimation of the Marcellus Shale from seismic data. 81st SEG Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 1789–1793. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627552.
  23. Thomsen, L. (1986) Weak elastic anisotropy. Geophysics, 51, 1954–1966. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442051.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Warpinski, N.R. and Smith, M.B. (1989) Rock mechanics and fracture geometry. In Gidley, J.L., Holditch, S.A., Nierode, D.E. and Veatch, R.W.Jr. (Eds.) Recent Advances in Hydraulic Fracturing, SPE Monograph Series, Vol. 12, pp. 57–80. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Zhang, G.Z., Chen, H.Z., Wang, Q. and Yin, X.Y. (2013) Estimation of S‐wave velocity and anisotropic parameters using fractured carbonate rock physics model. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 56, 1707–1715 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.6038/cjg20130528.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Zhang, G.Z., Chen, H.Z., Yin, X.Y., Li, N. and Yang, B.J. (2012) Method of fracture elastic parameter inversion based on anisotropic AVO. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 42, 845–851 (in Chinese).
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Zong, Z.Y., Yin, X.Y. and Wu, G.C. (2012a) Fluid identification method based on compressional and shear modulus direct inversion. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 55, 284–292 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.028.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Zong, Z.Y., Yin, X.Y. and Wu, G.C. (2013) AVAZ inversion and stress evaluation in heterogeneous medium. 83rd SEG Annual Meeting, Houston, Texas, USA, Expanded Abstracts, 428–431. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-0025.1.
  29. Zong, Z.Y., Yin, X.Y., Zhang, F. and Wu, G.C. (2012b) Reflection coefficient equation and pre‐stack seismic inversion with Young’ modulus and Poisson's ratio. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 55, 3786–3794. https://doi.org/10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.025
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13035
Loading
/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13035
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Anisotropy; Reservoir characterization; Seismic inversion

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error