Diagnosis of Problematic Underground Conditions by Geophysical Techniques

Integration of Geophysical techniques lead to that definitive answers regarding subsurface conditions were provided to the end users: • Defining the scope of the site problem pointing to adverse strata and hazardous ground conditions. • Guidance to diagnosis of Ground Conditions Promoting Distress • Recommendation for the safety design and construction of engineering structures with or without the mitigation procedures for ground improvement. In this study the recent geophysical techniques used in civil engineering investigations and its integration into the overall geotechnical information in relation to detailed design, Road & Building construction, are discussed and illustrated with three case histories.