oa Application of geopotential numbers to determine the heights of GNSS network reference stations

The aim of the work is to study the possibility of using geopotential numbers to determine the heights of the reference states of the GNSS network. According to the results of regular GNSS observations at reference stations, their spatial coordinates X, Y, Z or B L, H for a certain epoch are determined. These coordinates related to the corresponding accepted reference ellipsoid and are thus spatial geocentric coordinates. Since the height of points in this system is a geodetic height, their use is not possible when mapping territories. Studies suggest the possibility of using geopotential numbers determined in the corresponding normal gravitational field to calculate elevations and normal heights. Based on the location of GNSS reference stations - observations of topographic maps (approximate spatial geodetic coordinates: latitudes and longitudes with an accuracy of 1', height - up to 1 m), geopotential numbers and their differences are calculated. The excess between the reference stations is calculated, their equilibration is performed and the values of the normal heights of these stations are calculated. The proposed technique allows to determine the normal heights of points on the earth's surface without geometric or trigonometric leveling, ie it is possible to determine the heights of points by a new gravimetric leveling method.