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Marine Technologies 2019
- Conference date: April 22-26, 2019
- Location: Gelendzhik, Russia
- Published: 22 April 2019
21 - 40 of 41 results
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Results of the Preliminary Analysis of Gravimetric Materials of the Grace Satellite Mission on the North-East Sector of the Pacific Ocean
Authors I.V. Lygin and N.S. TkachenkoSummaryBased on the analysis of satellite gravimetric mission materials processed by the method of multichannel singular spectral method, the method of frequency analysis of three-dimensional distribution of gravitational field anomalies is developed. According to the results of the application of the method to the gravitational anomalies of the North-Eastern sector of the Pacific ocean, two areas of the most intense low-frequency variations of the gravitational field are identified, the sources of which are due to the neotectonic redistribution of masses in the Eastern end of the Aleutian arc and the Central zone of the San Andreas fault.
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Complex Geophysical Survey of the Phanagoria Water Area: Advanced Techniques
Authors S. Olkhovskiy, A. Shmatkov and A. ShmatkovaSummaryPhanagoria is the largest ancient Greek city within the territory of Russia. It founded in the 6th century BC on the shore of the modern Taman Gulf. By the 1st cent. AD the first harbor and the coastal part of Phanagoria were flooded by the transgression of the Black Sea level. A new pier was built in the 3rd cent. AD, but after 5 centuries it was flooded too. Now all the flooded structures are covered by sandy-silty sediments and can be studied either by underwater excavations or using geophysical methods. Since 2011 magnetic and seismic surveys have been conducted near the offshore site of Phanagoria having an area of more than 15 hectares. As a result of these surveys, a number of interesting features were discovered. The majority of the study area in shallow water (water depth less than 1.5 m) remains poorly studied due to technical restrictions of the applied techniques and equipment. Integration of different techniques allows to explore the survey area of archaeological excavations in greater detail in view of the limitations of each method. The tests of 3D SBP system Sleipnir showed that the results of 3D ultrahigh resolution seismic survey can be used for solving archeological tasks.
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Overhauser Four-Channel 3D Gradiometer and Its Application for Scanning the Underwater Gas Pipeline
Authors E. Narkhov, A. Shirokov, A. Sergeev, A. Fedorov, D. Milukov, V. Sapunov, A. Denisov, S. Kiselev, V. Savelev, L. Muravyov and A. IvanenkoSummaryThe paper deals with the issues of remote determination of the spatial position of buried pipelines with the help of magnetic survey. This method is economical and does not affect the environment. To achieve the required accuracy of determining the position of the pipelines, it is proposed to use a full gradient multichannel magnetiс system consisting of four Overhauser magnetometers SeaPOS combined with a receiver of a high-precision differential navigation system. Such a configuration of the system makes it possible to accurately determine in space the position of local magnetic anomalies created by pipelines and eliminates the need to take into account the temporal component of the earth’s magnetic field (which isespecially important for the Arctic) by working with spatial field gradients. The problems of the theory of the survey method and technique are considered, algorithms for data processing are proposed and implemented with the aim of solving the problem of high-precision mapping of local magnetic anomalies created by pipelines and solving the inverse magnetiс problem by determining the position and power of the sources of these anomalies.
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Engineering Survey for Drilling Rigs in the Arctic Seas
Authors I. Marchenko, D. Chernikov and N. ParamonovSummaryOil, gas and gas condensate fields in the Arctic shelf areas of the Russian Federation have become one of the most upcoming approaches in the offshore oil and gas fields’ development. At present integrated engineering surveys are actively performed at the fields in the Barents and Kara Seas. Lately a wide range of engineering works has been performed on prospecting and exploratory wells sites.Engineering surveys enable to obtain the fullest data for the upper part of geological profile and provide necessary data for safety positioning of drilling rigs. The data obtained from the stated survey is used for optimal location selection for drilling rig positioning and for the necessary calculations. The use of geophysical and geotechnical methods provide the effective solution for the stated geological challenge and ensures the obtaining of sufficient information regarding soil composition, properties and bedding conditions. The appliance of high quality geological profile data and the use of different calculation methods and standards make possible the performance of necessary foundation soils assessment and comparison of the calculation results, which consequently provides the safety positioning of a drilling rig.
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Deep Sea Near Bottom Gravity and Magnetic Acquisition with Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Authors I.V. Lygin, V.A. Lygin and T.I. LyginaSummaryThe current stage is characterized by high activity of the world community in the field of research of deep-water oil and gas basins and new promising types of solid minerals. A promising direction in terms of improving the efficiency and reliability of exploration results on hydrocarbon and solid mineralsof the world ocean is the use of Autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles, which allow for detailed large-scale bottom surveys, quickly and efficiently. The required component of the Autonomous underwater complex is the means of measuring the components of the magnetic and gravitational fields. The report provides an overview of modern foreign and domestic technologies in the field of underwater deep-sea gravimetric and magnetometric surveys, analyzes the results of such works and formulates a range of exploration tasks that are promising for their application.
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Main Stages of Geological Development of the Eastern Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) in the Late Pleistocene - Holocene Based on the Analysis of Archive Sub-Bottom Profiling Data
Authors L. Budanov, A. Sergeev, D. Ryabchuk, V. Zhamoida and I. NeevinSummaryAnalysis of archive sub-bottom profiling and geological was performed to identify and map submerged glacial and postglacial geomorphologic features and collect data pertinent to the understanding of sedimentation in postglacial basins. Interpretations of the seismic-reflection profiles and models showing the surfaces of till, and the identification of the Late Pleistocene sediment and modern bottom relief, indicate deep relative water-level fall in the Early Holocene and, most likely, several water-level fluctuations during this time.
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Some Technological Aspects of Start-Stop Electromagnetic Soundings in the Transition Zone of the Shelf
Authors A.S. Bashkeev, Y.A. Davidenko, K.V. Abornev, S.V. Bukhalov and S.V. IakovlevSummaryThe transition zone is a zone of shallow water immediately adjacent to the coastline of offshore areas, where, due to the shallow depth of the sea (less than 10–15 m.) and marine geophysics are ruther complicated; at the same time, the useage of ground-based start-stop EM sounding is impossible because of the deep water (more than 2 m). In this paper, we will consider some technological aspects of start-stop measurements in the transit zone on the example of test work in the shallow waters of the Black Sea.
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The Advantages of Using Surface Wave Tomography in the Marine Studies of the Upper Part of the Seismic Section
Authors A. Ponomarenko, V. Polovkov, D. Popov and B. KashtanSummaryThe study of the upper part of the seismic section is an important task for seismic surveys on land and sea, both in oil and gas exploration and in solving engineering problems as well as in monitoring of dangerous geological processes. Information about the structure of the upper part of the seismic section can be extracted from the analysis of surface waves that propagate in near-surface media, have a large amplitude and in many cases constitute a significant part of the recorded wave field. The most used method for surface wave acquisition and analysis is multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW). However, it is not possible to set the remote studies: the sources and receivers should be set just under the investigated area. The method of surface-wave tomography makes it possible to carry such studies. The advantages of surface-wave tomography for engineering problems are discussed with several numerical examples. The main advantage - the method of surface wave tomography makes it possible to study various engineering and geological objects remotely. This has tremendous perspectives for land and marine seismic exploration to study the environments under closed or protected objects, pipelines, drilling platforms, etc.
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Self-Popup Node Surveying Features and Application to Arctic Shelf Investigation.
Authors D.A. Ilinskiy, O. Y. Ganzha, A. I. Elnikov and К.А. RoginskiySummaryIn this paper we outline some features of self-popup node seismic surveying and provide example of their implementation for Russian Arctic shelf studies.
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Modern Methods and Equipment for Hydroacoustic High- Precision Surveys of the Sea Bottom
Authors L. Merklin, A. Pleshkov, A. Sknarya and S. TarasovSummaryThe effectiveness of modern methods of hydroacoustics in the survey works of marine geology, can be significantly increased in construction of equipment on the principles of phase processing and using of complex broadband signals. We have developed modifications of side-scan sonars, which can significantly increase the information content, increase the resolution and improve the accuracy of the coordinates. One of them is the sidescan interferometric sonar. Additional receiving channels with additional receiving arrays in the vertical plane are included in the side-scan sonar to measure the bottom relief. These receiving channels allow you to get an additional parameter – the angle of arrival of the echo signal, which calculates the depth and horizontal range. The side-scan interferometric sonar is rightfully a competitor of a multi-beam echo sounder with a much larger field of view. Another development is the wideband side-scan sonar. The use of broadband technologies has made it possible to obtain a qualitatively new instrument for the study of the bottom of the world ocean with high resolution. Due to the construction of equipment on the principles of using complex ultra-wideband signals (such as frequency modulated or chaotic), the efficiency of modern hydroacoustic methods in the survey works are increases.
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The Role of Nonlinear Hydroacoustics in Marine Technologies of the Sea Shelf Research and Development
Authors L. Merklin, A. Pleshkov, P. Pivnev, A. Sknarya and S. TarasovSummaryThe main feature of parametric sonars, the principle of which is based on the nonlinear interaction of acoustic waves, is the constancy of the beam pattern in a wide low-frequency frequency range. The General principal advantage of parametric narrow-beam profilers is that at the same volume of the medium within a narrow beam, at all frequencies, is "voiced", which allows comparing the results of measurements at different frequencies. Two types of parametric profilers are presented for the survey of the structure of the sedimentary layer of the seabed. This is a low-frequency parametric seismic Profiler operating in the range of difference frequencies from 0.5 to 5 kHz at an average pump frequency of 30 kHz. Depending on the type of bottom soil, the depth of penetration can reach 500 meters. The second device is an original equipment, the so-called parametric side-scan sonar. Its main technical characteristics: the range of difference frequencies is 7–20 kHz, with an average pumping frequency of 145 kHz. The depth of penetration, depending on the type of soil, is 50 meters with a resolution of 10 cm when using the LFM signal. The use of parametric profilers with complex signals makes it possible to study the structure of the upper part of the sedimentary cover with high accuracy and to evaluate the physical properties of marine sediments.
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The Latest Trends in Near-Surface Marine Seismic Survey (2D, 3D)
Authors E.A. Biriukov, M.U. Tokarev and V.V. IvanovaSummaryIn present time due to the active development of the Arctic shelf increasing safety of construction and exploitation of offshore production complex is one of current direction of development in oil and gas industry. For efficient solution of problems in engineering-geological researches, defining and characterization of geohazards in particular, it is necessary to obtain only high resolution and very high resolution 2D, 3D seismic .
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Identification of Geological Facilities Under the Conditions of Gas Saturation of the Upper Part of the Profile During Engineering Site Investigations
Authors A. Kozlova, A. Luchnikov and A. BiryulinSummaryData received by seismic reflection profiling show that in the Gulf of Ob starting from the depth of 1–2 meters under mudline almost everywhere sediments saturated by non-associated gas are presented. The presence of nonassociated gas does not allow exploring deeper levels of sedimentation masses. Usage of thorough interpretation of magnetic response allowed to locate the area of tectonic tension of earth material, which was apparently the fault zone complicated with intrusive formations. Due to the lack of a priory information and possibility to make a comprehensive assessment of geology and geophysics data, the 2d modeling was impossible on the present stage. A case study of computational methods shows that the depth of tectonic dislocation area cannot be more than 250 meters.
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The Use of Splitmultiseis Seismic Imaging Technology to Study Gas-Saturated Sediments of the White Sea
Authors A. Potemka, E. Birukov, M. Tokarev, A. Pirogova, A. Starovoitov and E. PoludetkinaSummaryThe active development of the Arctic in recent years has led to an increase in demand for high-quality engineering and geophysical surveys. One of the key areas of engineering surveys on the shelf is the search for geological hazards, such as landslide processes, fault fractures, high gas saturation zones, areas of focused fluid discharge, etc. The report is devoted to the development of modular technology SplitMultiSeis for conducting high-resolution seismic exploration in shallow water areas and the experience of its application for studying gas-rich sediments at the White Sea.
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Geophysical Approach to the Geohazard Classification in Marine Engineering and Geological Surveys
Authors M.J. Tokarev, A.G. Roslyakov and Y.E. TerehinaSummaryAn utilitarian scheme for the separation of geological hazards, regardless of their nature, is proposed. It is based on the interval study of the section, determined by the type of the planned construction. At the same time, each such interval should be studied using a specific set of methods and, thus, it is connected not only to the type of construction, but also to the approach of methods of geophysical research.
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Phase-Shift Signal Design for Simultaneous Sourcing in Vibroseis Survey
Authors A. Tarasov, A. Shuvalov, V. Ignatev, A. Konkov, B. Kashtan and A. OshkinSummaryThe simultaneous source technique allows one to improve efficiency and quality of seismic acquisition. The principle of this method is to use several sources located at an arbitrary distance from the observation system and recorded simultaneously within the write cycle. Vibroseismic method, in contrast to the pulse method, allows separating data from several sources at the stage of correlative processing of vibrograms. To achieve this, it becomes necessary that signals from several sources have a low level of cross-correlation. For this purpose, socalled pseudorandom signals and pseudorandom sequences are used in many ways. In order to construct quasiorthogonal signals, we propose a method based on the solution of the optimization problem. The signals obtained by minimizing the goal function have a low level of cross-correlation and autocorrelation functions.
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Glacigenic Factors in the Soil Foundations of Offshore Structures Formation at the South-Eastern Baltic Shelf
Authors V.P. Lisin, B.F. Romanyuk and R.N. SeredenkoSummaryThe influence of the glacial masses of the Quaternary glaciations on the structure and the physical properties of the upper part of the ground layer, which serves as the basis for the offshore structures and linear infrastructure facilities of the offshore oil fields on the shelf of the South-Eastern Baltic, is considered. The complex of hydrographic and geophysical works performed at the first stages of engineering surveys allows to evaluate various factors of the dynamic impact of continental glaciers on the formation of the surface of strong bearing soils, as well as weakened zones due to glacio-isostatic deformations and the accumulation of weak in strength relation soils in glacial lakes and channels.
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Identification of Potentially Hazardous Areas for Offshore Structures on the Southern Caspian Shelf by Multi-Frequency Seismic-Acoustic Methods
By V.P. LisinSummaryThe possibilities of identifying hazardous for geotechnical work and for the construction of offshore structures zones of tectonic dislocations and associated with them shallow gas accumulations using sonar survey, seismoacoustic profiling in a wide frequency range and 3D seismic prospecting are considered.
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The Results of Electrical Survey on Lake Onega
Authors A. Bobachev and M. AleshinSummaryIt is shown electrical resistivity tomography data interpretation on Onega Lake. The bottom depth is about 25 m. We add works with bottom cable to continues survey on lake surface. Joint interpretation resistivity and seismic survey is shown.
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Selection of Gas-Saturated and Permafrost Sediments in the Laptev Sea According to Seismic Data
Authors A. Roslyakov, M. Tokarev and I. SemiletovSummaryStudies have shown that in the study area are widely distributed gas-saturated and frozen rocks, occurring at small depths from the bottom - from the first meters to tens of meters.
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