Joint inversion of crosswell and surface-to-borehole electromagnetic data constrained by fluid-flow simulator

We present a multi-physics inversion approach for improving crosswell and surface-to-borehole electromagnetic data interpretations.<br>The inversion is constrained by a multiphase fluid-flow simulator that models the fluid flow in the reservoir and reconstructs spatial<br>distributions of the water saturation and salt concentration, which are in turn transformed into the formation resistivity. Instead of<br>inverting the resistivity distribution, we invert the porosity distribution assuming the existence of an empirical relationship between<br>permeability and porosity.