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Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2018
- Conference date: April 23-27, 2018
- Location: Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Published: 23 April 2018
41 - 60 of 149 results
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On the Application of Regional Electrical Exploration for the Discovery of Large Ore Deposits
Authors O. Ingerov and E. ErmolinSummaryAustralia has begun the first country in the world established, that the most effective way to search the new ore provinces and large ore deposits is to study the distribution of the deep electrical conductivity of the Earth’s crust and upper mantle. To achieve this goal the magnetotelluric and magnetovariational method areal survey in scale of 1: 5,000,000 is providing on the territory of Australia (AusLAMP project). Some recommendations to realize optimal regional areal and profile survey have been presented in this pepper. The recommendations were done in based of the many years of application experience of magnetotelluric and magnetovariational methods for the Earth’s crust and upper mantle study at the territory of former USSR.
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Integrated Interpretation of Geological-geophysical Materials in the Seismic Hazard Assessment of Territory (Using East Kazakhstan As an Example)
Authors A.O. Siylkanova and A.B. SadykovaSummaryThe paper presents the results of generalization of geological, geophysical and seismotectonic materials. Deep structure of the crust and upper mantle is characterized by a series of different P-velocity levels, boundaries and capacities of petrophysical layers. Tectonics of the consolidated basement and its structural-material complexes, the structural features that influence localization of strong earthquakes data are summarized. Manifestations of tectonic movements and their intensity in different neotectonic areas are assessed. Structural-geophysical and structural-tectonic criteria for seismic hazard assessment for developing a regional seismotectonic model of the earthquake occurrence zones (seismic generating zones) are revealed according to the complex of geological-geophysical and seismological data. These data would constitute the basis for developing seismic zoning maps and seismic hazard assessment of the East Kazakhstan region.
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Integration of Modern Geophysical Technologies in the Search for Copper Porphyry Mineralization in the Saryadyr Sector
Authors S.N. Belyakov, N.D. Yessimkhanova and A.V. KononovSummaryOne of the key stages of geological exploration is geophysical research. In general, the success of the whole complex of exploration works depends on the effectiveness of their use in most cases.Today, when fields of a very complex geological structure are being studied, the role of geophysical methods is increasingly reduced not to direct searches for ore objects, but to solving problems of searching for various indirect ore-controlling features (analysis of structural-tectonic structure, identification of zonality elements and indirect factors of mineralization control). In this regard, intensive introduction of ore magnetotelluric ore into practice is currently being implemented, which is an effective tool in solving structural mapping and forecasting problems of various types of mineral deposits, especially structurally controlled ones. For efficient use of various technologies of ore electrical reconnaissance, the problem of reconciling the results of electrical soundings with direct current and electromagnetic sounding is very topical. The methods of direct current, have increased sensitivity to objects of high resistance, and allow more correctly determine the boundaries of high-resistance bodies. The main drawback of the methods is the limited depth of research. The depth of magnetotelluric methods is limited only by the recording time at the measurement point. MT parameters have higher sensitivity to conducting objects and are not shielded by high-resistance horizons.A joint analysis of the TDIP and AMT data opens up great prospects for constructing a polarization model at great depths. The integration of two different types of sounding allows solving a wide range of geological problems, from direct search of ore bodies to the identification of indirect ore-controlling features.
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Verification and Improvement of the Complex Inspection Technique of Soil Slopes Fastening on the Dam of the Dundinsky Reservoir Is Placed in Stavropol Region
Authors V.M. Yakushev, A.V. Yakushev and A.G. SaltanovaSummaryThe work concerns questions of verification and improvement of the complex inspection technique of soil slopes fastening on canals and dams. This technique presupposes the consistent application of thermovision and GPR methods. On the example of Dundinsky reservoir dam inspection it is shown how the results of GPR and thermovision observations can be improved.
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Geophysical Monitoring of Changes in the Condition of the Embankment Base of a Road by Soil Stabilization Using Explosion Energy
Authors V.V. Glazunov, E.V. Gorodnova, N.N. Efimova, A.I. Kulikov and N.V. KulikovaSummaryThe results of geophysical studies to assess the degree of compaction of sand embankment in the process of applying technology to stabilize the embankment base with the use of explosion energy are presented. The complex of geophysical studies includes seismic and electric tomography. The measurements were carried out in the monitoring mode, after each series of blasting operations. As a result of the conducted studies it was possible to qualitatively assess the degree of compaction of the embankment base.
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Assessment of the Stress Condition of Rocks at Depths Exceeding 400 m
Authors L. Vasilevskaya and I. ChernishevSummaryThere is result of quantitative assessment of natural stresses in rock mass with seismoacoustic method of researching the core samples on depth more than 400 m. This research consist of: instrumental observations of core samples dumping, laboratory experiments with dumping of core samples, evaluation of stressed rocks.
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Features of Application of Electrical Prospecting Methods in the Search for Gold Deposits in Southern Kazakhstan
Authors S.A. Istekova, B.A. Amangeldiyev and T.K. OrazymbetovSummaryIt is showed the high efficiency of search works by electrical prospecting method of time-domain measurements in the near zone (NTFS) to study the near surface epithermal gold-silver objects of the Southern Kazakhstan. The main methodological principle of the research was to compile vertical profiles of the distribution of the apparent resistivity pτ and linking them with the geological structure, to study the nature of the distribution of resistance along the depth and allocation of zones associated with gold mineralization. According to the characteristic points of inflection of the curve ρτ for each curve of sensing is determined the depth of occurrence and the power of the buried weathering crust, containing arrays of secondary quartzite, the stratum depth of thickness. During the binding in depth was used the experience of TEM in other regions of Kazakhstan.
During the mapping and correlation of horizons of the weathering crust was identified local anomalies of high and low electrical resistivity. The area of low resistance complications of anomalies in the form of a characteristic bending contour of ρτ aligned with the zones of weathering crust developed in the zones of tectonic disturbances. Local anomalies of high resistance, linked with outcrops of quartz veins in the horizons of the weathering crust and quartz veins in the bedrock.
Possible zones of sulphide mineralization are associated with local anomalies of low resistance. Possible space of gold mineralization associated with quartzville zones are allocated with areas of high resistance.
Promising areas of the ore mineralizations of plot Utegen have continuation in the Western direction, where the prospecting work is necessary by the method of TEM, lithogeochemical and detailed geological mapping.
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Experience of GPR Surveys of Landslide Slopes on the Highway M-4 “Don”
Authors A.M. Kulizhnikov and R.A. EreminSummarySummarizes many years of experience in the application of GPR technology in the examination of landslide slopes of embankments and excavations in four different areas of Federal highways M-4 “Don”. The method of performing works the low-frequency antenna units according to the survey of slopes both in summer and in winter. Analyzed radargram amplitude, frequency and phase shift of the signal. Recommended comprehensive execution of works GPR and laser scanning.
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Complexing of Archaeological Geophysical Methods in the Study of Barrows of the Xth c. On the Territory of the Gnezdovsky Archaeological Complex
Authors V.V. Novikov, S.U. Kainov, K.S. Sergeev and A.V. BelousovSummaryThe report describes the results of geophysical and archaeological research on the burial mounds of the Gnezdovsky archaeological complex. Conclusions are made about the applicability of the methods of archaeological geophysics on the territory of the cultural monument. Demonstrated archaeological findings.
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Archaeological Geophysics in the Study of Mounds in the Krasnodar Region
Authors K.S. Sergeev, V.V. Novikov, V.I. Ryzhkov and A.D. GorinSummaryThe report describes the application of a complex of methods of archaeological geophysics in the study of mounds. The results of field work and archaeological findings are described in detail.
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Prediction of Hydrothermal Mineral Deposits and Geo-hazard by Tectonophysical Methods
Authors L.A. Sim and N.A. GordeevSummaryIn the article, the tectonophysical conditions of quartz crystal formation, and modern geological hazards are discribed. For the study, next ways were applied: the kinematic method of analysis of displacement vectors on slickensides ( Gushchenko, 1973 ), way of determinating regional stress fields from data of local tectonic stresses in individual volumes of the earth’s crust ( Sim, 1982 ); structural-geomorphological (SG) method of a reconstruction of the shear stress on platforms ( Sim, 1991 ; Sim, Sergeev, 1996 ). At a prediction of hydrothermal mineral deposits, it was discovered that the reconstructed tectonic stresses along displacement vectors on slickensides refer to the newest and Late Hercynian orogeny stages of development; it is the time of formation of patch of quartz crystal. In crystals of quartz crystal, repeated opening of the nests is discovered. This is explained by the “variation of the kind of the stressed pattern”. The reasons for the formation of karst are identified at the training ground of Nizhny Novgorod, near the city of Dzerzhinsk and causes of increased accidents on the railways Moscow-Smolensk are diagnosed.
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Large-volume GPR Data Processing Automation
Authors R.A. Eremin, N.G. Pudova and Yu.A. SukhobokSummaryThe report provides information about GPR data automated operation methods in highway surveys. The problems of collection, processing and interpretation of the initial data, its verification and correction, report preparation process are considered.
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Application of Electromotography on the Moscow River
Authors A.A. Bobachev, K.S. Sergeev, A.Y. Dubovitsky and A.D. GorinSummaryThe report describes the use of a complex of electrical tomography in order to study the geological structure of the section across the bed of the Moscow River.
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Geophysical Research Through the Buried Keltminsky Valley-Canyon
Authors I. Modin, A. Pelevin, D. Bolshakov and K. EfremovSummaryThe report presents the results of work using the three-segment methodology ERT and GPR. Measurements are performed through the Keltminsky valley in order to find the areas in which the entire geological section is most developed, for further detection of peat bogs, the age of which can be determined. Based on the results of the work performed, a composite cross-section was constructed that takes into account the results of both methods and drilling data carried out on this profile. The geological and geophysical section was constructed on the basis of the results of electric tomography taking into account the drilling data. Georadar tracking data were used to refine the upper part of the section.
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Seismoacoustic Monitoring to Assess the Quality of the Execution of Protective Structures and and Compensatory Strengthening of the Soil Massif
Authors K.A. Dorokhin and O.V. BoykoSummaryThe main object of engineering and geophysical research in the construction is an array of rocks, which is understood as a separate part of the geological environment, located in the field of engineering impact. Under the influence of the forces of technogenic origin, rock masses often find themselves in a complex stress-strain state. This changes the strength characteristics of rocks.
To reduce the impact of the man-made factor, in conditions of dense urban development, construction in the historic parts of the city, resort to measures that ensure the safe conduct of construction work. For this, various enclosing structures are used, compensatory injection works are performed to strengthen the enclosing array. The paper presents the results of seismoacoustic studies that were used to assess the quality of the implementation of measures to ensure the safety of construction in urban conditions.
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Conducting Anomalies Localization With Local and Regional Real Induction Vectors
Authors A. Lozovij, I. Mendrii and I. IngerovSummaryReal induction vectors are a powerful tool for determining the location in plan and in the depth of single conducting objects, including the determination of the basic parameters of anomalous objects. However, the picture in the vectors behavior becomes not so unambiguous, if several such objects are marked on the exploration area. The authors have created a software tool that makes it possible to divide the field of induction vectors into local and regional parts. The work of the program has been verified on numerous model data, as well as on data of practical MT and MVP surveys of various scales. Thus, the interpreter has another effective tool for extracting information from the obtained during the field survey MVP data.
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Advantages of Joint Interpretation of VES and TEM Data in the Study of Buried River Valleys
Authors V. Kulikov, E.D. Aleksanova, A. Solovieva and N. ShustovSummaryIn recent years representatives of the Department of Geophysics of the geological faculty of Moscow State University carried out geological-geophysical investigations of buried river valleys in the territory of Kaluga region. When solving this task, the most effective is the complex of methods, including geometrical soundings (VES) and induction low-frequency methods electromagnetic survey (TEM). As a result of joint interpretation of VES and TEM data within the horizontally layered subsurface the geoelectrical section satisfying observed data of both methods was obtained. Preliminary results of the interpretation show that the buried paleovalleys of different age represented mainly by sands appear in the geoelectrical model in the form of local objects of high resistivity against the background of a horizontally layered host section.
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Interpretation of Electroprospecting Monitoring Observations With Use of Probabilistic-statistical Characteristics
Authors L. Hristenko, Yu. Stepanov, A. Kichigin, E. Parshakov and A. TainitskySummaryThe statistical characteristics of SEP values and potential of NF were calculated by various methods realized in the COSCAD 2D software package and with different sizes of windows. The statistical characteristics of values of NF potential were combined in turn with the statistics of AR obtained at AB 100, 200 and 400 m, i.e. three multi-attribute spaces were formed. Their structure was analyzed by means of various methods of non-standard classification. The using of procedures of non-standard classification allowed to break the analyzed sets on homogeneous, by formal mathematical criteria, the classes spatially answering to sites of possible engineering-geological complications, that it is extremely difficult by results of only the qualitative analysis of field observations. The results are presented for the SCRU-2 site located within the Verkhnekamsk deposit of potassium-magnesium salts.
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The Latest Trends in Near-surface Marine Seismic Survey (2D, 3D)
Authors E. A. Biriukov, M.U. Tokarev, A.A. Sergeev, R.I. Isaenkov and V.V. IvanovaSummaryIn present time due to the active development of the Arctic shelf increasing safety of construction and exploitation of offshore production complex is one of current direction of development in oil and gas industry. For efficient solution of problems in engineering-geological researches, defining and characterization of geohazards in particular, it is necessary to obtain only high resolution and very high resolution 2D, 3D seismic data.
We are pointing the most important requirements that should be fulfilled by seismoacoustics data for successful solution of engineering problems and presenting recent trends in marine seismic survey.
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Kalman Filter Approach for Inversion of Airborne Electromagnetic Data
By E. KarshakovSummaryKalman filter is a well-proven tool in the theory of optimal estimation. It minimizes variance of the estimation error in terms of probabilistic approach. Despite the special terminology, the Kalman filter algorithm minimizes the objective function, representing the squared difference between the measured vector and the calculated one for the parameters of selected model. In a certain sense, it is equivalent to the least squares method - a conventional airborne electromagnetic data inversion method. In this paper I describe the essence of the Kalman approach to solving inverse problems. The example of one-dimensional inverse problem shows that setting an a-priori value of the estimation error covariance matrix in a certain way one can get the solution for both vertical and lateral constraints. The Kalman filter algorithm takes into account the measurement noise, which is specified as the dispersion of signals in the corresponding measurement channels at high altitude. Special covariance matrix representation allow to use corresponding Kalman filter calculation methods to provide the computational stability of the algorithm. The Kalman approach makes it possible to combine modern techniques used in airborne survey data processing. I give an example of the Kalman filter use in the frequency-domain airborne data processing.
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