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Asia Petroleum Geoscience Conference and Exhibition (APGCE)
- Conference date: November 28-29, 2022
- Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Published: 28 November 2022
121 - 132 of 132 results
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Pressure Depletion Integration into Static Reservoir Model as Development Well Planning Basis in Mature Handil Field
Authors E.S. Erriyantoro, T.O. Muhroni, A. Suardiputra, E. Suwito and P.R. PanjaitanHandil Field is an oil and gas field located to the south of the Mahakam Delta, Kutai Basin, Indonesia. Hydrocarbons are accumulated in multi-layered reservoirs corresponding to stacked channels and bars of fluvial to delta front environment. The field has been producing since 1975 and the reservoirs are depleted with strong variation from one layer to another. This study focuses on Handil Gas Pool interval, where depletion drive is the main production mechanism.
Being a mature field with long production history, fast growing data, and various reservoir depletion range, estimating remaining stakes by more common methodology, such as history matching with dynamic simulations, can be complex and time consuming. Therefore, defining a new future reservoir targets and wells requires a hefty and very iterative conventional geological analysis.
This paper aims to develop an approach to overcome the difficulties by integrating pressure depletion into static reservoir model. The main result is Producible Gas-In-Place model that generates a sweet spot map which identifies optimal remaining development well targets. This method provides a practical and efficient way in screening future well resources in mature, complex, multi-layered reservoirs setting.
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Machine Learning-Aided Seismic Mapping of Deepwater Turbidites in the Dangerous Grounds Region, Offshore Northwest Sabah, Malaysia
Authors I. Babikir, M. Elsaadany, M. Hermana, A.H. Abdul Latiff and A.A. Al-MasgariSummaryThis study utilizes 3D seismic and supervised machine learning to identify and classify deepwater turbidites in the frontier Dangerous Grounds region, offshore northwest Sabah. The time mapping of the seabed reveals prominent seafloor fairways and canyons that flow towards the deep sea. We identified two phases of unchannelized turbidites deposition based on stratigraphic position and attribute expression. The older buried turbidite shows a higher amplitude response and appears to have been affected by faulting. In contrast, the younger modern turbidite exhibits a lower amplitude response and has more continuous reflectors. We extracted 35 seismic attributes and labeled one inline of the 3D volume to predict turbidites and non-turbidites facies. Support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and neural network (NN) classifiers were trained. All three classifiers showed excellent classification performance (above 99%), with the NN outperforming SVM and RF.
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Story of Northern Sarawak Exploration Series, Siliciclastic Play Along West Baram Complex in Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors P. Chongrueanglap and W. SiriwattanakajornSummaryNorthern Sarawak has focused on the carbonate play potential in Central Luconia for establishing PTTEP foothold in Malaysia. Next significant step after Carbonate discovery is to establish “Northern Sarawak Clastic Development Cluster” via the exploration series of siliciclastic play in this area, which is located at West Baram Complex. To prolong hydrocarbon discovery, the petroleum system synthesis is elaborating.
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Quantification of Pore Size Population and Diagenesis using Digital Rock Tools
Authors N.S. Japperi, K. Wu, A. Starkey and C. PanaitescuSummaryQuantification of the pore system in reservoir rocks is essential for subsurface exploration to understand the displacement process to locate the remaining hydrocarbon. To acquire a better understanding of rock physics and pore structure, a more quantitative method is required. Practically, a representative large-scale multiscale pore structure model for mixed wettability reservoirs can be constructed by adding diagenesis and facies modelling. This study tries to use the detailed pore structure and diagenesis information from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging to quantify the diagenesis linked to the reservoir rocks’ quality. This involves the pore and grain size distribution, cement, and pore fill mineral features of rock samples by discretizing them into different elements. These features will be quantified using statistical population function based on the high-resolution SEM and micro-CT images. Through distributions functions fitting, the cubic polynomial exhibits the best fits and the lowest mean square error (MSE). The best-fitted curve from all images is found on the normal distribution for both histogram and log histogram. The digital rock tools are able to provide the details of the pore structure and associated diagenetic process with lithofacies. Furthermore, the well-logging features will be linked in further analysis.
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Enhanced Intra-Carbonate Imaging through High-Resolution Model Building and Least-Squares Kirchhoff, Offshore Sarawak
Authors A. Azmi, K.S. Tan, J. McLeman, T. Rayment, R. Alai, C.L. Slind, D. Khoo and M.I. SupardySummaryImaging of intra-carbonates is a recognized challenge for carbonate reservoirs in Central Luconia, Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia. This is primarily due to issues such as migration noise, limited illumination, and the need for highly accurate subsurface models in this complex environment. In this paper, we present the application of an advanced depth velocity model building workflow together with a single-iteration least-squares Kirchhoff depth migration (LS-KDM) to resolve both the kinematic and dynamic complexities surrounding carbonate sequences. The work presented uses numerous velocity model building techniques, including full-waveform inversion (FWI), to derive a high-resolution, geologically conformal velocity model that resolves the sediments surrounding, and within the carbonates. Illumination uncertainties and migration noise that plague a conventional migration technique such as Kirchhoff depth migration (KDM) are addressed through the use of a single-iteration image domain LS-KDM. We compare the LS-KDM derived reflectivity to that of the KDM to demonstrate the former’s ability to improve image illumination, reduce migration artifacts and increase amplitude fidelity.
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Shallow Water Streamer and OBC Joint Seismic Imaging: A Case Study from South China Sea
More LessSummaryThis paper presents a case study of towed streamer (ToS) and Ocean Bottom Cable (OBC) seismic joint imaging which demonstrated significant imaging quality uplift over imaging separately. In this south China sea shallow water project, after the acquisition datum, amplitude & phase, and other differences between the two different acquisitions were properly handled, the streamer and OBC data are then processed and imaged together. The joint image shows clearer reflection events and more reliable faults image which contribute to improvement of reservoir prediction, reduction of drilling uncertainty and risks.
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WSG-RMO Framework: Establishing a Systematic Approach and Methodical Applicability for Remote Wellsite Monitoring
Authors F. Yusoff, M.K.A. Mohd Bukhari, A.S. A Rani, S. Ahip and M.R. Mohammad NoorSummaryIn pre-pandemic era, PETRONAS Geological Operations has developed in-house Remote Wellsite Monitoring in the form of non-standardised instructions to rig site. In streamlining the implementation of remote wellsite geologist monitoring and ultimately ensuring business continuity, Wellsite Geologist – Remote Monitoring Operations (WSG-RMO) was established. WSG-RMO acts as proper documentation and enhancement of existing standard instruction to cater the various challenges resultant from pandemic measures such as global travel restrictions, and longer drilling operations. This paper discusses the overall systemic architecture of the remote WSG-RMO, the key risks and mitigations, and its non-applicability for certain drilling operations. Despite the large application of remote operations in other sub-disciplines such as field surveillance and monitoring, pipeline inspection and data transmission – there is a gap in planning and deployment of remote WSGs. This paper intends to fill this gap as a steppingstone for future geoscience workflow. As the pandemic has shown, the adaptability of WSG and OPG to perform remote monitoring are not an option but a must in ensuring business continuity. WSG-RMO thus, provides a base framework for future geoscience construct in remote monitoring.
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The Two Densest Land Seismic Surveys in the World Enabled by nimble nodes
By A. OurabahSummaryMore compact and efficient seismic acquisition systems are required to respond to the continuous need of better seismic images at lower cost, lower environmental impact and lower HSSE exposure. In addition, some emerging renewable industries like geothermal, and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) are expressing the need to acquire better seismic at a much lower cost to allow de-risking their subsurface activities. High trace density seismic acquisition has become the new norm in survey design thanks to the fantastic benefits it provides for imaging and seismic attributes ( Ourabah et al, 2015 ), however, it does require significantly more pair of source-receiver recording on the surface, putting evermore constraints on the above. Old cabled seismic equipment is being replaced by nodal systems which are much more compact and offer more flexibility in the field. A new generation of seismic nodes in particular is creating a paradigm shift in the way seismic is acquired, making high-density seismic finally an affordable option for hydrocarbon and renewables. To demonstrate this fact, we will show how these nodes have been used to acquire the two densest land seismic surveys on the planet both for hydrocarbon and CCUS in a very efficient way.
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Hadrah-1 Discovery: Unfolding the Hidden Play of the Western Balingian/ Tatau Region
Authors S.N. Cheng, A.H. Rosli, A.N. Mohamed, G.B. Malo-Paul, S.S. Che M Sukri, S.H. So, A.F. Bakar and M. M AliSummaryIn 2022, PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd made a discovery in Hadrah-1 well, with gas sands encountered in the Cycle II/ I section. The discovery of Hadrah-1 well made a significant impact to the Balingian/ Tatau region as it has opened up a new emerging play in the province. This paper will describe the efforts and new approach made by PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd (PCSB) to de-risk the Cycle II/ I play, resulting in the discovery of Hadrah-1. They are Advanced 3D Seismic Reprocessing, Quantitative Interpretation (QI) studies, Fault Seal Analysis, Regional Top Seal Analysis, Well-to-Well correlation, and Charge and Migration Studies.
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Erasing the Stigma in Malay Basin by Exploring the Emerging Deeper Potential of Oligocene Syn-rift Plays
Authors N. Tukimin, J. Zhou and N. M NorSummaryThis paper aims to unfold the potential of the emerging Oligocene synrift play primarily Group L & Group M which have proved the presence of working petroleum system but remains underexplored. Numerous oil and gas bearing sands were encountered in Group L and Group M in various part of the Basin ranging from Bunga Pakma and Bunga Orkid in the north, Pulai/Ledang/Annoa in the east to Gansar in the SW of the basin. The total number of wells drilled into the play is much less primarily due to its burial depth, which leaves the play underexplored, compared to other younger plays. To better understand the remaining potential of the play in each sub-basins, geochemical analysis was conducted to prove the presence and effectiveness of the source rock. Seismic interpretation and mapping were also carried out to identify prospects and leads, including new play concept such as stratigraphic trap. The hydrocarbon potential of the Malay basin will only be unleashed through continuous data enhancement and taking exploration risk to fully understood the prospectivity of emerging Oligocene syn-rift play.
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NW Borneo DW hyperextension: Evidence, Kinematics, and Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration
More LessSummaryAs shallow water plays in NWB become mature the efforts are shifting to unravel the petroleum system in deep water territory. The latter is structurally characterized by highly rotated extensional fault blocks below the so-called Middle Miocene unconformity and/or Break Up Unconformity. Lying above sits a drape of distal blanket of sediments from the delta systems developed as the Borneo hinterland was uplifted. The petroleum system in deep water Sarawak has been tested whereas the equivalent for Sabah has had very few attempts. Seismic and well data for these regions indicate zones of hyper extension, crustal thinning and associated high heat flow. Structural mapping also indicates that this hyperextension results from crustal scale simple shear systems that may have allowed mantle rocks to rise providing the mechanism for transient high heat flow, uplift and the development of multiple time transgressive regional erosional unconformities. The result is a structurally highly segmented basin that may have been subject to high transient heat flow in the past and with low preservation of the petroleum system through time.
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NW Borneo Exploration: Where do We Go from Here to Rejuvenate its Exploration Portfolio?
More LessSummaryExploration in mature basins is confronted with the expectations of identifying large opportunities despite the realization that the successful plays have all but been creamed (IHS database). The demand for technical solutions to propose new prospects is often compounded by pressures to maintain a steady drilling campaign, the financial constraints, and even by National strategic drivers. All this on the back of the realization that to turn around a mature basin requires the conceptualization of ‘new plays’, often deeper, subtle and with greater uncertainty and risk. In this presentation I contextualize the play maturities in Malaysia and revive some of the subsurface controversies that remain largely unresolved in offshore NW Borneo. Some of these large-scale controversial topics underpin the difficult subsurface task ahead and may map out the uncertainty profile of NW Borneo exploration for the future. I then examine some of the technical actions taken to revamp the exploration efforts in a few mature basins around the world. Some of the examples here presented are techniques/approaches custom built to a particular basin, but the technical approach may be applicable to Malaysian Portfolio Rejuvenation. Regardless, one could identify a few common themes from the examples here presented
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