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22nd EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems
- Conference date: 29 Mar 2009 - 02 Apr 2009
- Location: Forth Worth, Texas, USA
- Published: 29 March 2009
81 - 100 of 124 results
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Geophysical Investigation of Oil Brine Contamination: Providing Hands-On Geophysical Experience For Students
Authors S. Jeffries, R. Asoba, M. Diley, K. Jackson, K. Mosley, J. Roden and K. TeeterFrom 1917-1973 oil production took place in Wildhorse Field, directly south of Skiatook Lake in
Osage County, Oklahoma. During operation two open pits were used for water and oil waste. After
operation ceased the two pits were left unregulated on site. The pits are the source of salt contamination
in the bedrock, aquifer, and lake.
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The Surface and Sub Surface Geophysical Investigation of a 125m Deep Opencast Mine
Authors R. Hutchison and A. BrownGeophysical techniques were used extensively at the site of a historical 125m opencast
measuring 3km by 1km in Llanilid, South Wales. Historically, the opencast extracted coal from 13
seams below ground level.
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A Geophysical Investigation of a Deep Tunnel Rock Bore in Nottingham, UK
Authors P. Beetham and R. HutchisonThe redevelopment of Gedling Colliery in Nottinghamshire, UK, for a 38 hectare mixed use
development provided a number of challenges for the geotechnical design engineers. Particular
difficulty arose from the main access road to the new development, which was to be constructed on a
12m high embankment, traversing a historical railway tunnel.
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Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) scanning in geological and geotechnical recognition of mountain site for Polish Oil & Gas Company
Authors Z. Bednarczyk and A. SzynkiewiczThe results of GPR scanning made together with geological and geotechnical investigations on site in Carpathian Mts. for Polish Oil & Gas Company are discussed. At one site, depleted gas field “Strachocina” was located near Sanok, the underground gas storage is developed. In the project the new buildings and compressors are situated on the steep slope which built by flysch deposits.
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Sensitivity distributions in 2D cross-hole MMR - a numerical study
Authors D. Fielitz, A. Kemna and H. VereeckenTowards the adaptation of magnetometric resistivity (MMR) to cross-hole imaging, sensitivities
were calculated for a 2D cross-hole scenario using finite-element forward modeling and a perturbation
approach. The 2D setup considers borehole measurements of the magnetic field as a response to
borehole current injection; in this case the magnetic field has only one non-zero component
(perpendicular to the considered plane).
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Mapping the uprising of highly mineralized waters occurring along a fault zone in the Oltrepò Pavese plain upper aquifers (Northern Italy) using VLF-EM survey
Authors P. Torrese, G. Pilla, M. Bersan, M.L. Rainone and G. CiancettiThe Oltrepò Pavese plain (Northern Italy) is characterized by the uprising of highly mineralised
waters from the marine substrate. These Na-Cl rich waters mix with the shallow groundwater and
pollute them, thus preventing their use. This phenomenon is connected to the presence of the
“Vogherese Fault”, a buried tectonic discontinuity along which the saline waters are distributed. A VLFEM
survey, carried out along the “Vogherese Fault”, indicates that the uprise of highly mineralised
waters produces high electrical conductivity anomalies where the marine substrate is shallower.
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Using Microgravity to Delineate the Watershed of Rattlesnake Springs, Carlsbad Caverns National Park
Authors N. Boykov, D. Duran, D. Doser and R. LangfordWe performed a series of geophysical investigations at the Rattlesnake Springs portion of the Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico in an effort to characterize the watershed of the springs. As part of this effort we conducted a precision microgravity survey of the area surrounding the springs using a grid with 200 to 300 m spacing with station positions and elevations determined using differential GPS.
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Smart and effective SH waves acquisition in shallow seismic reflection surveys
Authors M.L. Rainone, P. Torrese, P. Signanini, M. Foresta and J. GilesThe generation of a seismic signal where compressional waves are completely absent is known
to be a challenging task with shallow seismic surveys carried out in SH waves. This is true even when
using appropriate source systems and taking the appropriate measures to prevent this from occurring.
There are several factors that contribute to such issues including inclined energizing surfaces, oblique
impact angles and the burial of the source system due to repetition of the shots.
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Evaluation of Seismic-Acoustic Analysis Methods for a Real-Time UXO Monitoring System
Authors T. VanDeMark, L. Johnson, J. Bennett, J. Simms and D. YuleThis study evaluates potential seismic-acoustic analysis methods for use in a near real-time automated UXO monitoring system for mitigating UXO hazard. The performance test data consists of 62 high-explosive and 27 dummy/inert artillery impacts of various calibers fired at the U.S. Army Aberdeen Test Center. Static calibration shots were detonated to characterize the seismic velocity structure of the firing range.
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Using Controlled Source Audio Frequency Domain Magnetics for Seepage Diagnosis of Earthen Embankments
Authors J. Montgomery, M. Jessop, M. Wallace and V. KofoedThis paper examines both the theoretical basis and the practical implications of a minimally invasive groundwater mapping method as applied to seepage detection in earthen embankments. The method involves inducing a low voltage, low amperage, low frequency audio electrical current into the groundwater system.
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The self-potential method: Did the ugly duckling of environmental geophysics turn out in a beautiful swan? - Keynote Session
Authors A. Revil and A. JardaniThe self-potential method consists in measuring passively the electrical potential response
associated with in situ polarization mechanisms occurring in the Earth. The two main mechanisms of
polarization are the redox contribution (with applications concerning contaminant plumes and ore
bodies) and the streaming potential associated with ground water flow.
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Model Response Curves and Surveying Aspects of Cross-hole MMR
Authors D. Fielitz, A. Kemna, E. Zimmermann, G. Cassiani and H. VereeckenAs a step towards the implementation of the magnetometric resistivity (MMR) method for crosshole
imaging, this paper addresses various aspects of importance in 2D cross-hole MMR surveying.
Synthetic model studies were performed in order to ascertain the signal-to-noise ratio for three different
data acquisition geometries, comprising single-pole and dipole current injection.
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Strategies for Collecting Accurate IP Data with Multi-Conductor Cable, Multi-Channel Systems
Authors D.J. LaBrecque and P.L. AdkinsInduced polarization data has a number of important applications in engineering and
environmental geophysics. IP data may be able to provide a measure of subsurface grain size and thus
provide estimates of hydraulic conductivity.
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Assessment of electrical resistivity method to map groundwater seepage zones in heterogeneous sediments
Authors M. Gagliano, J. Nyquist, L. Toran and D. RosenberryUnderwater electrical-resistivity data were collected along the southwest shore of Mirror Lake,
NH, as part of a multi-year assessment of the utility of geophysics for mapping groundwater seepage
beneath lakes. We found that resistivity could locate shoreline sections where water is seeping out of
the lake. A resistivity line along the lake bottom starting 27-m off shore and continuing 27-m on shore
(1-m electrode spacing) showed the water table dipping away from the lake, the gradient indicative of
lake discharge in this area.
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Resistivity Survey of a Closed, Unpermitted Municipal Landfill Located Along Hunting Bayou in Houston, Texas
Authors C. Sepulveda and K. Krenz-DoeThe former City of Houston Homestead Road Municipal Landfill is located near Homestead
Road and Loop 610 North in an area identified as a potential detention basin for the Hunting Bayou
Federal Flood Control Project.
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Application of GPS and Near-Surface Geophysical Methods to Evaluate Differences Between Agricultural Test Plots
Authors B. Allred, B. Clevenger and D. SaraswatA field research facility with two pairs of replicated agricultural test plots (four total) was
established at a location in northwest Ohio during 2005 for the purpose of studying water table
management strategies. Initial efforts at this field research facility were devoted to evaluating
differences between replicated test plots in regard to topography, subsurface drainage system
characteristics, and soil properties.
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Estimating Depth to Argillic Soil Horizons using Apparent Electrical Conductivity Response Functions
Authors K. Sudduth, N. Kitchen, B. Myers and S. DrummondMaps of apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of the soil profile are widely used in precision agriculture practice and research. A number of ECa sensors are commercially available, each with a unique response function (i.e., the relative contribution of soil at each depth to the integrated ECa reading).
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EMI-Sensor Data to Identify Areas of Manure Accumulation on a Feedlot Surface
Authors B. Woodbury, S. Lesch, R. Eigenberg, D. Miller and M. SpiehsA study was initiated to test the validity of using electromagnetic induction (EMI) survey data, a prediction-based sampling strategy and ordinary linear regression modeling to predict spatially variable feedlot surface manure accumulation. A 30 m × 60 m feedlot pen with a central mound was selected for this study.
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Subsurface Sensing Methods Applied to Vegetative Treatment Areas used to Manage Cattle Feedlot Runoff
Authors R. Eigenberg, B. Woodbury, J. Nienaber and M. SpiehsMonitoring alternative feedlot runoff control technology effectiveness, especially vegetative treatment systems (VTS), is of interest to both cattlemen and regulatory agencies. Producers have constructed VTS in several mid-western states under an agreement with the Iowa Cattlemen Association and the Natural Resource Conservation Service.
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Estimation of Soil Moisture from Remote Sensing Data and Cokriging
Authors Y. Liu, M. Momayez and D. TongAreas of high soil moisture associated with high pore pressure can decrease the shear strength of the material making a slope susceptible to fail. In a humid environment, the distribution of soil moisture is typically determined based on topography.
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