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Geoinformatics: Theoretical and Applied Aspects 2020
- Conference date: May 11-14, 2020
- Location: Kyiv, Ukraine
- Published: 11 May 2020
101 - 150 of 151 results
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Assessment of changes a number of surface water bodies within the sub-basin of the Desna River using remote sensing materials
Authors L. V. Plichko, V. I. Zatserkovnyi, V. K. Khilchevskyi, M. Mizernaya and A. BakytzhanSUMMARYAssessment of changes a number of surface water bodies within the sub-basin of the Desna River using Remote Sensing (RS) materials. To assess changes in the number of surface water bodies, the Normalized Difference Pond Index (NDPI) was used. As a result, we obtained a series of images of the study area from all Landsat-8 scenes from April-October 2018, illuminating changes in the parameters of surface water bodies over this period. It is established that the use of the NDPI index makes it possible to estimate the amount and seasonal change in the area of surface water bodies (ponds and reservoirs) in the study area.
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Application of visible and long-wave infrared satellite data for hydrocarbon deposits prospecting
Authors S. I. Golubov and M. S. LubskyiSUMMARYIn the course of the work, Sentinel-2 satellite data were sequentially processed in order to statistically estimate the probability of detecting spectral anomalies of vegetation. These anomalies can be caused by the presence of hydrocarbon deposits. It was carried out on the basis of calculating the values of a number of spectral indices of vegetation for 20 pairs of polygons constructed within known hydrocarbon deposits and beyond it on a homogeneous area covered by vegetation. Similar work was carried out for 25 pairs of polygons for the results of calculating the surface temperature according to the data of a long-wave infrared survey obtained by the image processing of the Landsat-8 satellite TIRS sensor.
The spatial data, sensitivity, and frequency of the Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellite imagery data were found to be effective in solving the problem of detecting spectral and temperature anomalies associated with hydrocarbon deposits. This approach can be recommended as a means of additional information in the exploration of hydrocarbon deposits in areas with known proven deposits and as an auxiliary in the performance of geological prospecting for the identification of new deposits.
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Three-dimensional model of the Kocheriv section of the western part of the Ukrainian Shield
By V. IlyenkoSummaryThe electrical conductivity studies of the Kocherivska section where different geological and tectonic structures of the western part of the Ukrainian Shield intersect are conducted in the work. A spatial-temporal picture of the distribution of geomagnetic variations and the tellurium field on the Earth’s surface is obtained, which allows us to estimate the magnitude of the electrical conductivity and the geoelectric structure of the section vertically and literally. The modeling and construction of a three-dimensional model of the electrical conductivity of the site.
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The use of GIS in the morphological analysis of pistes
Authors S. Bortnyk, N. Pohorilchuk, O. Kovtoniuk and N. KorohodaSummaryThe goal of the study was morphological analysis based on the profiling method. The ArcGIS was used to determine the morphological characteristics and morphometric indicators in assessing the quality of pistes. Such indicators were used to analyze the pistes of Ukrainian Carpathians resorts. The results of the analysis showed that the pistes have similar morphometric indicators, despite their belonging to different categories of complexity. The constructed graphs of the longitudinal and transverse profiles show that most of the slopes have “problem” areas associated with the presence of “dead zones” and segments with a reverse slope. The proposed algorithm and the results obtained can become the basis for planning new pistes or re-equipping existing ones.
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The new approach to forecasting areas with oil and gas prospects by classification method
Authors O. V. Titarenko, O. V. Sedlerova and A. A. AndreievSUMMARYThe article presents the results of managed classification with a new approach to creating classes and evaluating standards. A new approach to classifying the given volume of features will be useful for solving a specific natural resource problem, which is forecasting areas prospective for oil and gas in automatic mode. This approach is distinguished by using of the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence to overcome the assessment of inaccuracy and conflict between information from different sources. In addition, the separation of mixed classes was carried out, which clarifies the classification of bitmap images at the initially given researches of the 4th grade. In this approach, it is proposed to formulate standards on the basis of computer analysis and generalization of information already known for each class of objects. As a result of the classification, a schematic map, which allows us to estimate the prospects for this territory (the Sea of Azov water area) at the regional level and to identify areas for further detailed work, is obtained. In future, this method will be improved and can be used to estimate sites at the local and detailed levels.
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Study of spatiotemporal variations of summer land surface temperature in Kyiv, Ukraine using Landsat time series
Authors D. Svidzinska and N. KorohodaSUMMARYThe aim of this study was to investigate long-term changes in the summer thermal regime of surface for the city of Kyiv (Ukraine) using Landsat time series. The overall data subset included 572 Landsat 4–8 Collection 1 Level 2 scenes for the area of Kyiv and its surroundings for June-August 1984–2019. Trend analysis was based on the Mann-Kendall test for trend using Theil-Sen slope estimator to quantify the direction and magnitude of change over time accompanied by statistical metrics to assess the strength and significance of the association between the variables of land surface temperature (LST) and time. Between 1984 and 2019, for the entire study area LSTs demonstrate a mean annual increase of 0.17 ± 0.06 °C with prevailing positive trends of various magnitudes. The developed workflow allows for a spatially flexible retrieval of LSTs and the calculation of long-term means to characterize the surface thermal regime at high spatial detail.
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Springs as indicator of geotectonic disturbances
SUMMARYThe main object of research in this publication is the springs considered in the development system of the regional structural geology of the Carpathians. In specific theoretical and practical examples it proved that the springs can be indicators of linear faults. The effectiveness of combining field methods with remote methods for detecting geological explosive disturbances and fracturing of the local substrate has been proved. The prospects and directions for further research are shown.
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New experimental data on deep melts of the West Antarctic rift system separate segments
Authors V. Soloviev, V. Bakhmutov, I. Korchagin and N. YakymchukSUMMARYFrequency-resonance processing of satellite images and photographs of the Western Antarctica volcanoes and large volcanic provinces was fulfilled out to study the volcanic structures genesis. New experimental data made it possible to obtain the frequency-resonance characteristics of the rocks that the deep channels of individual structures filling, to estimate the location and depth of the volcanic structures roots and melts - sources of the volcanic provinces magmatism.
The research results show the existence of a complex magma-gas-fluid system consisting of a series of magma chambers with magmas that were raised from the intermediate zones of magma accumulation, located at the boundary of the earth’s crust and mantle or directly from the mantle. The roots of many volcanoes are located in the molten rock layer at a depth of 195–217 km. This melt zone can “break through” with rocks of deeper (up to depths of more than 700 km) channels of fluid migration. The presence of volcanic structures with roots at various depths suggests their regular relationship with the processes of tectonic activation in these regions that have occurred over the past 500 million years. The reference frequencies for different types of known rocks using allows to study the deep structure of our planet and to solve the problems of searching for many minerals.
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Computer detection of the Earth’s crust blocks using satellite image lineaments
Authors S. L. Nikulin, K. L. Sergieieva and O. V. KorobkoSummaryMultidirectional orthogonal lineament systems are boundaries of the Earth’s crust block structures and appear on satellite images as areas with different brightness and texture. This peculiarity allows to detect boundaries of individual blocks and analyze the complex mosaic-block structure of territories using lineament analysis methods. A computer technique of satellite image lineament analysis is proposed and is aimed at detecting the Earth’s crust blocks. It is based on minimizing the brightness heterogeneity within individual blocks, bounded by the minimum number of multidirectional lineaments and their systems. The methodology was applied for detecting block structures withing a number of the Earth’s crust remote locations – fragments of Scotland, Norway, the Caucasus, the East African Rift, the Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, the Ural Mountains territories, etc. using Landsat-8 images. As a result it was found that lineament systems with azimuths of 45–135 and 22.5–112.5 degrees are present in all study areas; lineament systems with azimuths of 60–150 and 75–165 degrees and also networks without an orthogonal pair were also identified for some areas. The results of the Earth’s crust blocks detection are consistent with geological maps and correspond to the results of geodynamic modeling based on seismic and geological data.
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Lineaments analysis of the Dniester area (between Bakota and Novodnistrovsk)
Authors A. M. Bubniak, I. M. Bubniak and A. I. ZyharSUMMARYThe study of lineaments has been conducted for over a century. Since then, various methods and approaches to their study have been developed. The results of the research of lineaments have applications in various branches of geology, including petroleum geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, and minerals. In this post, we present the results of a study of lineaments in the middle reaches of the Dniester. We used both remote and traditional field research methods to study lineaments. As a result of the processing of Earth remote sensing data, geophysical studies, field observations, a number of maps and diagrams have been constructed. These included lineaments maps, lineaments density maps, rose charts of the lineaments and joints. Joint analysis and comparison of these data allowed to conclude about the peculiarities of the distribution of lineaments, their conditionality by geological structures, areas of high concentration. It is concluded that there is a need for detailed research in the area of Stara Ushytsya since the maximum density of lineaments is set here. The average value of the lineaments density is noted for the hydraulic structures of the area. Our studies have shown that the study of lineaments is an effective tool for research the effect of the geological substrate on the state of the terrain.
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Geoinformation systems in monitoring studies of environmental pollution factors in the areas of municipal solid waste landfills
Authors O. T. Azimov and O. V. ShevchukSummaryThe report highlights the possibilities of using the technologies of remote sensing of the Earth (RSE) and geographic information systems (GIS) for monitoring studies of pollution factors of the environmental within the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill areas and in the ranges of their impact. It has been shown that the RSE data integrated to GIS allow to obtain accurate information about the current state of the studied area quickly, to conduct timely monitoring and forecasting the development of negative phenomena and processes, which significantly increases the level of environmental safety at national, regional and site levels and provides an opportunity to develop a set of measures to reduce the environmental impact of MSW disposal landfills.
The situation with waste, especially domestic waste in Kyiv’s Oblast, is getting worse every year. As a result, there is an increasing threat to human and environmental health. The obtained results show that one of the reasons for the current situation is the selection of unfavorable sites for the allocation of waste disposal landfills.
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Comparison of the new gravity field model XGM2019e with other modern global models of the gravitational field for the Magadan region
Authors I. M. Hasanov and L. A. MuravyevSummaryThe reliability of the construction of geophysical models of the deep structure of the earth’s crust is directly determined by the quality of the initial data - the measured values of the physical fields. Currently, global databases of the gravitational field based on the processing of satellite and ground measurements are available online. We analyzed the new experimental gravity field model XGM2019e in comparison with EGM2008, GECO, EIGEN-6C4 and WGM2012 models using an example site, including the entire Magadan region (990 × 880 km). The statistical characteristics of data sets are calculated and analyzed. The data of the five models mentioned are also compared along two regional profiles of deep geophysical soundind: 2-DV and 3-DV for Bougeur and free air reductions. Anomalies in the free air reductions, according to the classical definition of the gravitational anomaly, according to Molodensky’s theory and the «gravity disturbance» for the models EGM2008, GECO, EIGEN-6C4 and WGM2012, are similar to each other. The data of the new experimental model XGM2019e are quite different from them.
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Identification of the largest impact structures in modern global datasets of geophysical fields
More LessSummaryThe study of impact structures - imprints of the shock processes on the Earth’s lithosphere from large cosmic bodies - is an important part of geology and planetary science. One of the ways to identify them is an analysis of potential geophysical fields - anomalous magnetic and gravitational, in which the features of their structure can reveal themselves. Modern detailed digital global databases of anomalous fields and relief, available online, provide new opportunities for searching and analyzing the structure of impacts. We examined how the 20 largest impact structures, listed in the Earth Impact Database, are revealed in global databases of the magnetic (WDMAM2.0 and EMAG2_v3) and gravitational (WGM2012) fields and relief (SRMT_v4). Each structure is given a conditional score for each of the databases.
It was concluded that even sufficiently large impact structures are reflected differently in gravitational, magnetic fields and modern relief. Not all, even large, impact structures can be detected in geophysical fields. Some are not visible at all. But for a number of objects, the quality of data may allow geophysical modeling of the deep structure using modern computer technologies.
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GIS modeling of the territory and water area of protected areas
Authors O. V. Omelchuk, I. V. Kuraieva and A. O. SplodytelSUMMARYThe article presents the experience in developing digital elevation models (DEMs) of Sulska Cove’s territory and water area near the national park «Nyzhnosulskyy». General digital models were created using existing topographic and bathymetric maps. The processing and data visualization were performed with GIS technologies applications. DEMs present as the basis for a comprehensive study of the national park’s landscape diversity as well as means of fundamental ways of its functioning and activity optimization.
The required usage of 3D-modeling representation of NNP «Nyzhnosulskyy» is explained by its better visualization and interpretation of the data. In general, it allows information exchange about the changes of the environmental objects under research. At the same time, it decreases a list of applied tasks which were not possible to be solved using two dimensional data.
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Geographic Information and Cyber-Physical Systems in Oil and Gas Industry: Benefits, Problems and Integration Prospects
Authors O. Rogach, O. Pidchosa and P. DziubaSummaryNowadays geographic information and cyber-physical systems form the base for the new industrial revolution. In the nearest future their integration will significantly increase effectiveness of global economy and its sectors functioning, particularly, global oil and gas industry. The paper investigates the benefits and problems associated with development of geographic information and cyber-physical systems in oil and gas industry and considers a principal framework model for their integration.
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Comparative analysis of the annual runoff distribution of the left-bank and right-bank tributaries of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin
More LessSummaryThe calculation of the annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin is extremely important for the industry needs and water supply, especially in times of current climate change. During the research, two periods were considered - before the tipping point in 1989 and after. Three water year types (wet year, average year and dry year) were reviewed. The significant differences in the annual runoff distribution of the left-bank and right-bank tributaries of the Siverskyi Donets are revealed. Left-bank tributaries are characterized by a decrease in the proportion of spring months in annual distribution and an increase in the proportion of winter and summer-autumn months. Right-bank tributaries have a slightly different distribution of annual runoff: the share of spring and summer-autumn runoff increases, and the proportion of winter runoff decreases. It is established that during the current climate change, the annual runoff distribution has undergone significant changes.
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Use open GIS technologies to determine hydropower potential for lowland rivers on the example of Ukrainian part of Pripyat basin
Authors V. Korniienko, O. Obodovskyi, O. Pochaievets, O. Lukianets, O. Kryvets and N. KorohodaSUMMARYThe use of open GIS technologies to determine the hydropower potential of the lowland rivers on the example of the rivers of the Ukrainian part of the Pripyat Basin is considered.
For this purpose, an algorithm for calculating the hydropower potential of flat rivers using GIS was developed.
First of all, to calculate the required terrain data and elevation, a digital terrain model was created.
The digital terrain model used in the study was obtained from Shuttle radar topographic mission (SRTM) data with 30 m open-ended resolution.
Based on the results of mathematical processing of data on the digital terrain model, a river network model was created, which is one of the main components of the hydropower potential calculation.
The next step was to divide the rivers into representative sections, and for each of them the parameters such as slopes and discharges were determined.
The total hydropower potential of the lowland rivers was established as the sum of the potentials of the sections.
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Local forecast of landslide hazards: case study from Kyiv region
Authors O. Ivanik, O. Shabatura, R. Homenko, K. Hadiatska and D. KravchenkoSummaryLandslide processes occur on slopes of different structure and morphology. One of the regions of active development of landslides in Ukraine is the Kyiv, where the mass movement processes have significant impact on the infrastructure. The determining factors of these processes are lithologic and stratigraphic conditions; hydrogeological regime; structural and textural features of rocks; geomorphology of slopes. The second category of factors includes dynamic processes that change the state of slopes, erosion, tectonic regime of the area, and anthropogenic impact. During the long-term experience of observations many landslides and landslide-prone areas were described. The database of landslides within the Kyiv region has been developed. It includes more than 120 landslides. The landslides within this region are examples of the structural landslides forming in a quasi-homogeneous environment with a layered structure. Monitoring of landslide activity for the local predictions using geological and geophysical methods has been carried out within the Glynka site in Pecherskyi district of Kyiv. The data obtained by Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Self-potential method and Infrared Thermography has been applied in order to investigate the lithostratigraphic sequences, the geometry of landslide body and potential mass movement. These methods allow to allocate the fracture zones and places with a high water saturation. It has been confirmed the potential development of new displacement within this site. It helps to plan the mitigation activities and interventions.
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Spatial correlation function of the mean annual water runoff of the river of Ukraine
Authors S. O. Moskalenko and L. V. MalytskaSUMMARYThe purpose of the study is to calculate the spatial correlation function of the average annual water runoff for the territory of Ukraine according to the data on average annual water flow for medium and large river basins. The spatial correlation function is the coefficients of paired correlation between river water runoff depending on the distances between the centers of gravity of their river basins. Mathematical statistics, statistical analysis of the relationships between hydrological variables, and GIS technologies were used to construct the spatial correlation function. It is concluded that in the range of distances between the centers of gravity of river basins (from 88.6 to 1040 kilometers) there is a positive correlation between the runoff of the studied rivers (from −0.05 to 0.88). Correlation coefficients with increasing distance between river basin centers are killing. A satisfactory correlation (at = 0.60–0.70) between the average annual river water runoff for the plain territories of Ukraine has observed at a distance between the centers of the basins 180–300 km, for the mountain areas - at a distance of 20–80 km.
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Integration of geophysical, soil science and geospatial methods in the study of eroded soil
Authors O. Kruglov, O. Menshov, M. Miroshnychenko and M. ShevchenkoSummaryEroded soils require studies of their present condition, monitoring, and the development of the recommendations of their use. The aim of the present study is to show the prospects of applying of the combination of geophysical, geospatial, and soil science methods to assess eroded and erosion-hazardous lands. The result is expected to be the increase in the efficiency of their protection measures and land use management. At the presented results, there is a high correlation coefficient R2=0.87 between magnetic susceptibility (MS) and humus content. This makes it possible to bring the sampling density up to 2 pcs/ha, and obtain more detailed map of the soil erosion. The data on the spatial distribution of MS is the basis for the interpolation of values of humus content. The distribution of MS corresponds to the location of the main elements of the relief, the minimum values correspond to the beam mesh, the maximum to the undisturbed or redeposited soil. The integrating of the geophysical, optical, magnetic, electric, geospatial, and agrophysical methods to the algorithm of the eroded soil studies greatly extends the range of application fields. The obtained results are characterized by higher reliability, more accurate informative, and lower cost.
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Monitoring of the change in the area of the Malyn Landfill on the basis of various space images taken at different times
Authors L. Dyachenko, M. Kovalchuk and I. BaysarovychSUMMARYIt is outlined the problem of increase of both amount of landfills in Ukraine for the last decade and their areas. In particular, the change in the area of the Malyn Landfill for municipal solid waste during 2010–2018 was monitored on the basis of the analysis of different space images. The growth of Malyn Landfill and the trend of change established due to comparison of space images taken at different times. It is established that the area of the Malyn dump is growing annually during 2010–2018, and has increased by 52736 m2 over this period of time.
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Integration of magnetic and hydrogeological studies for landslides and soil erosion assessment. Case study from area Lake Glinka (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Authors O. Menshov, O. Shevchenko and O. AndreevaSUMMARYThe results of magnetic soil and underlying rocks studies at the area near Lake Glinka (Kyiv, Ukraine) are considered. This study was performed as a part of the landslide investigation of the urban environment of the agglomeration. The aim was to detect the natural and man-made processes affecting critical infrastructure. The soil of the study area is grey forest (Greyic Phaeozems Albic in WRB) with signs of urban soil. Magnetic studies were conducted at two points at the high landslide bank of the Lake Glinka, as well as at the opposite low bank. The classification of the polygons is made by the attracting the magnetic susceptibility and its frequency dependence. The magnetic properties of soils are important for the joint interpretation with electric tomography, GPR measurements, and GIS analysis of the national landslide database of Ukraine. The results are useful for the development of the algorithm for the environmental monitoring of the critical infrastructure at the urban area. The exogenous processes on the slopes various depending of the moisture and composition of the rocks. The gravity and hydrodynamic processes plays important role. The optimal algorithm of the application the hydrogeology studies to identify landslide processes is considered.
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Application of geophysical methods in the study of karst
Authors S. Vyzhva, V. Onyshchuk, I. Onyshchuk, M. Reva and O. ShabaturaSummaryThe paper discusses the results of the study of karst processes by geophysical methods. In examining of karst processes it is important to find out the features of their structure but it should always be remembered that karst-prone rocks, as a rule, have the various combination of contrasted boundaries sometimes with a high gradient of physical properties. Analysis of karst zones suggests that it is not always possible to obtain reliable and sufficient information using just one geophysical parameter. Therefore, mapping of rocks that were impacted by karst should be performed by a wide range of geophysical methods. To study karst processes, electrometry, magnetometry, thermometry, gamma surveying and some other geophysical methods are used. High resolution and efficiency of geophysical methods in the study of karst processes has been proved in many examples in different regions of the country, including areas that are under man-made impact. We have intention to present an example of geophysical studies performed at the Lubenske deposit of native sulfur in the Lviv region.
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Spatial morphometric analysis of digital elevation model in landscape research
Authors L. F. Bilous, P. Shyshchenco, V. Samoilenko and O. HavrylenkoSummarySpatial analysis is considered as a complex scientific task of landscape science. Spatial structural and morphometric analysis of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is defined as a methodology of information inventory of landscapes and their geoecological status. The effectiveness of this methodology is determined by the reliability of the DEM. It is suggested to use ArcGIS software for create DEM, in particular, the Topo to Raster data interpolation method. Specificity of construction of this the DEM and features of classification and interpretation of its data are considered.
Spatial structural and morphometric analysis of the DEM for landscape modeling is proposed. Its essence is determined by the application of mathematical actions with DEM and poly-vertex and poly-basic surfaces of the 1st order.
This technique enables the synthesis of information on the location of landscapes differing in the intensity of erosion-accumulation processes. Such information is crucial for the organization of balanced nature-management systems in the regions.
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Valuation of the impact of urbanization on the geoecological problems of the megapolis
Authors D. P. Romanukha, V. I. Zatserkovnyi, P. A. Savkov, I. V. Pampukha and I. K SyniavskaSUMMARYThe modern development of society is characterized by increasing urbanization. Metropolitan cities (suburban cities) with a population of more than 10 million (New York, Mexico City, Tokyo, São Paulo, Boston, Shanghai, Delhi, London, Moscow and several others) have emerged, which confirms the entry of humanity into the phase of intensive development of urbanization processes. This phase is characterized by the formation of continental metropolitan areas and the subsequent reduction of the territories occupied by the natural biogeocenotic cover, including within the urbanized territories. China is the world leader in terms of urban population (559 million people), although the proportion of urban population in this country does not reach 50% (data from the United Nations Population Division).
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Study of structural-tectonic discreteness of abrasion-landslide bench in a segment of Odesa coastline
Authors T. V. Kozlova, E. A. Cherkez, V. I. Medinets, Ye. I. Gazyetov, S. M. Snihirov and S. V. MedinetsSUMMARYPurpose of the work has been to reveal structural-tectonic discreteness of abrasion-landslide bench on a segment of Odesa Black Sea coastline. The results of bathymetric surveys performed in 2006, 2009, 2016 and remote underwater video recording of 2008 have been used to study the submarine nearshore slope. Methodology of surveys data processing consisted in building of sea bottom digital models using sizes of deviation from depths trend surface, establishing of elements of structural-tectonic canvas via building of lineaments net on slip ridges that cropped up in the course of abrasion changes. Results. Regularly orientated at 30–60 m intervals lineaments of underwater relief with north-eastern and northwestern direction have been revealed, which enables us to connect them with the regmatic net. It has been shown that the latter could have served a natural canvas for both ancient and modern landslide processes. Conclusions. The studies performed have: a) confirm ed widespread development of abrasion and landslide bench of the landslide segments in the north-western Black Sea coast; B) revealed identity of size of landslide blocks and strikes of landslide dislocations in ancient (Pleistocene-Holocene) and modern pressing-out landslides; c) shown evident influence of structural-tectonic factor on landslide processes development, both ancient and modern.
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Distribution of heavy metals in potable groundwater of Dnieper-Donetsk artesian basin northwestern slope (as an example of Kyiv groundwater deposit)
Authors T. O. Koshliakova, I. V. Kuraieva and O. Ye. KoshliakovSUMMARYThe research is devoted to investigation of potable groundwater of Dnieper-Donetsk artesian basin as an example of Kyiv groundwater deposit. The authors conducted the study aimed at identifying the features of the distribution of individual trace elements (heavy metals) in Cenomanian-Callovian groundwater complex and Bayos aquifer. During the research a set of analytical methods was used: atomic adsorption, absorption spectrophotometry, and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS). Statistical processing of chemical analysis of Kyiv well-rooms water by the content of individual trace elements indicated a slight exceedance of Maximum Allowable Concentration for lead. In addition, it was found that the average concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater of a deeper, Bayos aquifer are higher than the similar values of the above-lying Cenomanian-Callovian groundwater complex. The authors suggest that in this case, there is a complementary effect of natural and man-made factors. Meanwhile important role in this process can play intensification of highly mineralized pore solutions flow from weakly permeable layers to potable aquifers during depression funnel formation.
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Leading role of Dombrowski quarry as the source of groundwater contamination
Authors S. M. Bagriy, E. D. Kuzmenko, U. O. Dzoba and L. I. DavybidaSUMMARYThe probability of salinisation for the quaternary aquifer within the area of the Kalush-Golyna potassium salt deposit (Precarpathian) was analyzed. Currently, the salt piles, tailings ponds and storage tanks are the main sources of salinisation. In the long term, Dombrovsky quarry will play a dominant role in groundwater pollution. Comparison of the brine filling dynamics with digital geological-hydrogeological models of the surrounding territory proves that intensive contamination of the alluvial aquifer with brines from the quarry will begin no later than 2026.
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Forecasting temperature behavior of soil in Gas field exploitation areas
Authors M. M. Prykhodko, L. Y. Poberezhny, D. V. Kukhtar, V. V. Romaniuk, I. L. Bodnaruk and A. V. MuliarSUMMARYThe development of hydrate blocks in pipelines impedes the efficient exploitation of flowlines and may cause an emergency. It is necessary to determine the temperature behavior of soil to assess the potential risks of hydrate formation. For that purpose, we use an algorithm that allows us to obtain freezing depth data based on the current meteorological data and taking into account the onset of the negative temperatures period. The paper presents the calculations for the territory of the Eastern Oil- and Gas-bearing province of Ukraine. It has been established the standard depth of soil freezing at this territory. Long-term observations of air temperature at the meteorological station were used to forecast the depth of soil freezing. According to the reached results, the forecast advance period is 1 month.
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Geodetic monitoring of the protective dam of the Lviv MSW landfill after reconstruction
Authors I. Savchyn, V. Lozynskyi, Yu. Petryk and Kh. MarusazhSummaryThe main purpose of the work is the geodetic monitoring of the protective dam of the lakes of the filtrates of the Lviv MSW Landfill after reconstruction, as well as the analysis and interpretation of the obtained results. In order to achieve this goal, four cycles of geodetic monitoring of the reconstructed protective dam were conducted from May to August, 2018. A geodetic network, which consisted of 2 base and 18 monitoring points, was created for monitoring. To determine the coordinates of the points, a complex of GNSS and linear-angular measurements with using modern geodetic instruments was performed. The processing of the results was performed in specialized geodetic software. On the basis of the determined coordinates of the points of the geodetic network, horizontal and vertical displacements of the points on the reconstructed protective dam in each measurement cycle were calculated, their schemes were constructed and analyzed. For analysis and interpretation of the reconstructed protective dam deformation processes, the transformation from the calculated vectors of horizontal and vertical displacements of points to their average linear velocities over a given period, as well as to the dilation parameter, was made, and schemes of their distribution were constructed. It is established that, the maximum velocities of vertical displacement are identified at the edges of the reconstructed protective dam, while the minimum velocities are at the center; the central part of the reconstructed protective dam is characterized by an increase in the area, that is, expansion; the northern and southern parts of the reconstructed protective dam are characterized by a decrease in area, that is, compression.
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Application of A Remote Sensing in Monitoring of Erosion Processes
Authors K. A. Lukyanchuk, I. P. Kovalchuk and O. M. PidkovaSummarySoil erosion is a major environmental problem, especially in regions economically dependent on agriculture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of remote sensing materials in monitoring of erosion processes. Multi-temporal image analysis, such as Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 OLI, or other multispectral images can be used for research. Remote sensing has proved to be a good method for timely investigation of soil erosion over large areas.
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The role of household activity in the context of studying the formation of groundwater in Tatarbunary
Authors O. Miedviedieva and O. DyniakSUMMARYThe study of the problem of pollution of the aquatic environment with nitrogen compounds: ammonia, nitrates and nitrites of surface and groundwater within the city of Tatarbunary, Odessa region. Water quality and pollution with nitrogen compounds are a major environmental problem for providing the population with drinking water.
The quality and quantity of groundwater are influenced by a variety of factors, including adverse weather conditions, rains, floods and flooding of the adjacent territories by the melt, sewage, and wells, due to their close location to outbuildings, composting and cesspools, which may lead to chemical contamination of drinking water by organic decomposition products.
Households are at high risk of contamination of water bodies with nitrates because they: concentrate the high proportion of livestock of the total number of animals, lack of proper storage conditions for manure and contamination of organic and mineral fertilizers of water bodies near farms.
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Ecological and geochemical study of the state of soil deposits in the impact areas of municipal solid waste landfills
SummaryAs a result of the analytical research and result of the previous stages of study it was found the significant contamination of the soil layer by the heavy metals (HMs) within the Kyiv’s Landfill area No 5 for the municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal and the surrounding areas to the north-east and north-west. It was revealed also the negative its effect on the contents of these pollutants in the soil of adjacent buffer zone. This is a result of almost 34 years of the operation of the MSW disposal facility, when there were operating troubles.
In order to measure the concentrations of the chemical elements in the soil samples such key methods as the atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) and inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are used.
So, soil deposits of the Landfill have get the maximum exceed of background contents for cooper, lead, nickel, and tin by from several to ten times, at the same time, beyond its contour – by 2–3 times. The negative changes of physical-chemical properties of soils of the humus horizon is revealed by the comparison with the proper indications for the soil samples collected in the sites adjacent to the Landfill and directly on its territory. The buffer coefficient of soil of this horizon is twice as lower for the technogenic polluted soils within the MSW disposal facility than for the background sites.
The contents of mobile forms for the HMs in the soil formations of the Landfill No 5 in the comparison with the background values increase 2 times for cooper and zinc, as well 8 times for lead.
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Use of GPTS technology in geoinformation security for sustainable development of megacities
Authors Yu. A. Bogdanov, S. I. Prokopenko and Xin ChenSummaryPassive radar remote sensing of the centers of destruction of natural-technical systems in a wide range of wavelengths is a scientific and technical direction, which allows to obtain qualitatively new information about the stress-strain state of objects immersed in the geological environment. Schemes and principles for the analysis of the interaction of engineering structures with the natural geological environment using airborne geophysical tomography are developed. Mapping and diagnostics of the structure of disturbing influences - risk sources that complicate the operation of real estate and reduce the time between failures. The unevenness of the impacting factors on the part of the rock masses at the locations of linear structures and high-risk structures was discovered by the included observation method. A specification has been developed for a unified air complex for remote sensing of complex structures and city monitoring in order to timely identify life-threatening incidents using manned and unmanned aircraft and working models of hardware and software implementation of the complex units. On the basis of the obtained data, maps and vertical geological sections of stress-strain activity were constructed at various scales and the tendency for the development of hazardous natural ones is calculated and technogenic processes.
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Monitoring System of Land Resources Pollution by Oil
Authors V. Okhariev, T. Trysnyuk and Y. HolovanSUMMARYAn actual problem of land resources environmental safety increasing contaminated by oil and petroleum products was considered. The main tasks are to develop new approaches to environmental monitoring of soil layer; to research specific of oil-product migration in the soil for improving the reclamation of degraded lands; to develop forecast models of operative identification of areas with high pollution risks. The approach to physicochemical analysis of soil samples was substantiated, the dependencies between contaminated soils state and its genesis were considered.
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Landscape and Geological Factors of Water and Ecological Conditions Technogenesis of Donbas at the Post-Mining Stage
Authors Y. Anpilova, Y. Yakovliev and I. DrozdovychSUMMARYMilitary conflict continues in Donbas, posing unforeseeable hazard to people and the environment. This region is one of the largest and most dangerous natural and man-made geosystems with a high density of potentially hazardous facilities.
Therefore, assessment of environmental status of reserve drinking and industrial water supply sources in Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts in uncontrolled territories and under control of the Government of Ukraine is conditioned by active exploitation of dug wells, wells and springs outside the central water supply system of Donbas by local residents vulnerable to pollution.
Based on the geodata integrated into the GIS, models of the Siverskyi Donets river basin surface water pollution dynamics were built by the authors. The authors were built the models of surface water pollution dynamics in the Siverskyi Donets Basin using GIS. For construction of pollution spatial distribution models and assessment of surface water quality, the authors proposed the use of geostatistical methods to obtain interpolation surface pollution level.
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Theory and realization of dynamic correlation method for environmental safety evaluation
By V. OkharievSUMMARYAn approach to environmental monitoring data analysis was proposed and substantiated. It builts on introducing the concept of dynamic correlation and the method of calculation its coefficient based on actual techniques of correlation analysis. The method was tested on environmental monitoring statistical data at one of Ukraine regions and was implemented in the developed software. The proposed approach can be used in tasks of operational monitoring and for environmental emergencies forecasting.
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Ground Deformation Mapping of Solotvyno Mine Area Using Radar Data and GIS
Authors O. Trofymchuk, Y. Anpilova, Y. Yakovliev and I. ZinkivSUMMARYThe analysis of the spatial-temporal changes of the salt-rock massif stress-strain state during the flooding of the Solotvyno mines was made by the authors using the data of terrestrial interferometry within the mine area. The models of geological structures deformation built in the GIS allowed to obtain more reliable estimates of mines impact within the Solotvyno agglomeration on the objects of critical infrastructure and the hydro-ecological state of the Tisza river transboundary basin. The purpose of the analysis was to compare velocities and obtain the volume-balance parameters of the geological environment upper area and the surface deformation. The use of modern technologies for the surface deformations measurement allows to estimate the initial phases of dangerous changes in the stress-strain state of the geological environment and to improve the risk forecast. The main result is identifying a mathematical correlation between the surface sediments and the radial distance of their increase.
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Patternrecognition in oil infrastructure with convolutional neural networks
Authors R. Okhrimchuk, I. Tishaev, V. Zatserkovnyi and O. SmorkalovaSummaryIn the paper presented an approach for pattern recognition in oil infrastructure with convolutional neural networks. The relative ease and high effectiveness of the approach are shown compared with methods based on spectral signatures
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Using modern web technologies to construct web portals of educational and scientific organization
Authors A. Tarnovetskyi and V. DemidovSummaryThis paper discusses the basic aspects of creating a modern web application by the example of the Institute of Geology. Creating a web application using modern technologies is a painstaking process it takes a lot of effort and attention. The main criteria which corresponds to created the following website - attractive appearance, safe and informative for users, easy to work with geographic data.
The purpose of this work was to create a functioning web application. Also, a block to display geospatial data in the web-portal was created in the created application. The Model-Template-View architectural template was used for design the website. The PostgreSQL database was used for the data warehouse. The Python on Django framework and its libraries were used for the server part. The client side of the application used the such technologies as: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap 4. The JavaScript API for ArcGIS was used to display geospatial data.
For developing a portal for educational and scientific organization an important point is giving free access to all potential stakeholders to such decisions.
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Geoinformation toolkit for risk assessment of karst processes development
Authors I. Chepurnyi, V. Podholov, T. Chepurna and B. KarpinskyiSummaryThe research is devoted to the creation of geoinformation tools for karst risk assessment for the territory of Vinnitsa region. Risk assessment was carried out by taking into account population density and the damage of the territory by karst processes. The geoinformation toolkit is based on a modern GIS - QGIS tool using Python programming language. The assessment of the damage to the territory by karst processes and the assessment of the karst hazard of the territory of the Vinnytsia region were carried out for two territorial levels - the level of administrative districts and the level of territorial communities (village, settlement, city councils). The possibility of automated construction of population density maps, invasion of the territory by karst processes, risks of karst hazard on the example of administrative-territorial units of Vinnitsa region is realized.
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Factors affecting the value of oil and gas reserves in the bowels
Authors M. O. Karpenko, I. R. Mykhailiv, A. P. Boiko and N. V. DubeiSummaryThe value of subsurface reserves, which is quantitative lyre presented by the amount of discounted cash flow that can be obtained as a result of exploration estimated hydrocarbon volumes, is considered to be a multi-component system highly dependent on a number of geological, technological and economic factors. A regression analysis was performed to determine the separate and joint effect of the factors on the discounted cash flow and to quantify this impact using a number of criteria. It is established that not even a significant change in any technological or economic parameter, especially against the background of long-term development of the field, can significantly affect the value of reserves both in the direction of it sin crease and decrease, and the greatest influence have – the price per unit of commodity production and volume of production.
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Application of special petrophysical algorithms for select classes of reservoir rocks
Authors Y. Khomyn, M. Maniuk, V. Khomyn, O. Paliychuk, I. Piatkovska and O. ManiukSummaryMethod of classification terrigenous reservoir rocks on the example of Vygodska series Paleogene sediments at the North Dolynske field is proposed on the basis of method of calculation hydraulic units of flow (reservoir rocks). It is argued that the proposed variant groups of terrigenous reservoir rocks will significantly improve the efficiency of predicting the productivity of well sections, taking into account their significant heterogeneity and facial accessory
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On the study of geological characteristics of underground Gas storage objects
Authors V. M. Maniuk, N. V. Dubei, I. R. Mykhailiv and A. P. BoikoSUMMARYThe article presents the results of studies the influence of geological reservoir features on the efficiency of operation at underground gas storage (UGS) on the example of Bogorodchanske gas storage. A detailed analysis of geological structure and performance of Bogorodchanske UGF revealed the heterogeneity of collector properties along the section and the area, as well as the presence of poorly drained areas on the peripheral sections of structure. It is found that the achieved UGF performance on average is 85% of the projected. The decrease in productivity is primarily caused by the process of spreading active gas in the deposit and its accumulation in low-drained peripheral areas. Therefore, when designing new UGF and making adjustments to existing gas storage facilities, it is necessary to take into account the heterogeneity factor of reservoirs
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Information criteria for oil and gas content Boryslav-Pokutska area of the Precarpathian deflection
Authors R. Yaremak, G. Zhuchenko, V. Khomyn, G. Gorvanko and N. GoptarovaSummaryFor the research area, which has a complex geological structure and to which the Boryslav-Pokutska area of the Precarpathian deflection is related, in the search for oil and gas, it is important to identify a set of informative criteria for its features, which increases the accuracy of oil and gas searches. The set of informative features of oil and gas content for the research area is based on the results of determining the reference set of characteristics of reservoirs and overlapping strata at different stages of prospecting. The established oil and gas criteria were divided into two groups comprising 44 indicators.
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The results of the geological-gravitational modeling of the deep structure of the underthrust of the Ukrainian Carpathians by means of regional cross-section
Authors L. S. Monchak, S. G. Anikeyev, T. V. Zderka, N. P. Khovanets, A. V. Yarema and S. S. KurovetsSUMMARYThe results of geological-gravitational modeling of the deep structure of the Ukrainian Carpathians are presented. The usage of certain parameters of approximate structures and computer technologies, that will enable to work with complex models of geological environment, as well as the development, improvement and specification of prior model under the influence of geological analysis of the nature of the differences between observed and model fields are the main conditions of informativity and reliability of the results of modeling. The number of elevations, related to positive gravity anomalies, has been revealed within the Carpathians nappe. They are available to modern drilling. Mesozoic deposits turn out to be similar to Lopushnia oil field and lie on Paleozoic rocks within most of elevations.
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Gas-geochemical predicting and system assessment of oil and gas prospects for the purpose of increasing exploration efficiency
Authors A. V. Yarema, T. V. Zderka, S. S. Kurovets and N. P. KhovanetsSUMMARYThe methodology of the system and analytic predicting of oil-and-gas prospects of the mineral resources is suggested. The criteriality of gas and geochemical indicators are explained. The criteria parameters, systematically structured into the identity space of the geoinformation environment of oil and gas deposits, are identified. The algorithm of the computational procedures for the reflecting of oil-and-gas prospects in percent of saturation of gas-geochemical properties by geological meaning is developed; the very procedures are identified as formalized fluid storage capacities, abyssal and pressure-temperature ones, and flow and geometric reservoir properties. The procedure of identifying of reliable local gas-geochemical objects (in other words, zones of ‘minor prospecting risk’) is formalized in order to enhance efficiency of the process of their localization, thus wise to minimize the risk at later stages of exploration
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Application of mathematical statistics methods in estimating the prospects of oil and gas content of local objects in Boryslav petroleum industry area
More LessSUMMARYIndices of geological structure and oil and gas content of local objects in Boryslav petroleum industry area have been studied and analyzed. The degree of their influence on the nature of oil and gas content of structures was determined applying the methods of mathematical statistics (Student’s t-test). It has been established that the structural factor and the distance from the axis of the local structure to the deep fault are determinative in forecasting the oil and gas content of local objects of the petroleum industry area.
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Influence evaluation of the regional hydrometeorological conditions on the development of landslides on the territory of Ukraine
Authors Yu. V. Heruk and I. V. ChepurnyiSummaryThe aim of the study is to analyze the spatial distribution of hydrometeorological conditions to reveal the relationship with dynamic and development of landslides on the territory of Ukraine. The increasing dependence of the number of recorded landslides on annual precipitation and number of spontaneous hydrometeorological phenomena is established. The administrative regional coefficients of the hydrometeorological conditions influence have been calculated, which should be taken into account in the process of forecasting the landslide hazard. The results of the calculations are presented as thematic map based on influence level of the regional hydrometeorological conditions on the development of landslides on the territory of Ukraine.
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Generalization of the estimated probabilities of excess the mean annual runoff of the Pripyat River basin within Ukraine
More LessSUMMARYAnalysis and generalization of the transient ordinates from the average annual runoff to the runoff of the specified exceedance probabilities for the rivers of the Pripyat basin within Ukraine, as one of the indicators of the highest and lowest amount of water for the studied area. For this purpose, the hydrological study was analyzed (series of observations at 28 hydrological gauging section), the empirical and analytical distribution curves (by the moment and highest reliability method) were calculated for 14 values probabilities of excess ranging from 0.01 to 99.9%. Was created the mapps of the spatial distribution of transient ordinates from the norm of the average annual runoff to the runoff of certain probabilities of excess. The work was carried out with the help of basic sets of special tools of several GIS, the main of which was a free cross-platform geoinformation system QGIS.
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