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International Conference of Young Professionals «GeoTerrace-2022»
- Conference date: October 3-5, 2022
- Location: Lviv, Ukraine
- Published: 03 October 2022
21 - 40 of 75 results
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Determination of Manning Coefficients for Hydrological Modeling of Riverbeds with Complex Characteristics
Authors M. Halochkin, Kh. Burshtynska, I. Zayats and S. TretyakSUMMARYThe paper considers the methodology of hydrological modeling of flooded lands, carried out on a section of the Dniester River (Ukraine) with complex hydro-morphometric characteristics of the riverbed. The source material was images obtained from UAVs. Special attention is focused on the influence of changes in the terrain surface on the modeling results, which depend on the Manning coefficients. The purpose of the research is to study changes in the area of land flooding according to the selected hydrological model due to changes in the subsoil surface. The change of the surface, which is associated with a complex type of channel meandering, is considered as an important element of modeling. The object of the study is a section of the Dniester River in Ukraine at the point of transition from the foothill part of the channel to the hilly-swampy part with complex meandering and significant displacements of the river. Determination of horizontal displacements of the channel, construction of high-precision DEM, determination of Manning coefficients was carried out using geospatial data obtained from UAVs.
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Preliminary Studies of Seismicity Caused by the Water Level Changes in Dnister Upper Reservoir
Authors I. Brusak, K. Tretyak and R. PronyshynSUMMARYThe research presents preliminary studies of seismicity in region of Dnister upper reservoir and confirms the assumption of ( Savchyn & Pronyshchyn, 2020 ) study that claims that the Dnister Hydro Power Complex can be considered as one of the objects where the phenomenon of reservoir induced seismicity has been recorded. Specially installed seismic station «Novodnistrovsk» recorded 956 earthquakes from 2012 to 2021, but only 40 earthquakes are reliably recorded by three or more seismic stations. The earthquakes occur in the contact of structures of different lithological composition at a depth of 1–3 km close to Dnister upper reservoir. Therefore, friction between the structures occur and the corresponding release of energy precisely in the contact zone of the two structures is observed. We calculate the volume changes in the reservoir based on the OpenTopoMap Model in QGIS software and the known changes in the water level from 2012 to 2021 year. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the reservoir absolute volume change and the total seismicity determined through the energy class is 0.64. Further research can be devoted to the search for a functional interrelationship between the parameters, dividing the studied data into equal periods. Similar studies can be carried out at different reservoirs, which have different geological structures.
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To the Issue of Monitoring of Mudflows within Carpathian Region Using Modern Web GIS Technology
Authors T. Chepurna, V. Salyha and I. ChepurnyiSUMMARYIn the study, the principles of creating a geoportal web application for monitoring mudflow processes are demonstrated using the example of the Teresva River basin. In particular, the analysis of the subject area of monitoring and modelling of the development of mudflow processes, the analysis of the technologies involved in the development of the geoportal - data storage, server part, client part, spatial data processing for publication - was carried out. A geoportal has been created with visualization of basic cartographic layers - mudflow points, mudflow basins, relief, lithofacies, basic cartographic layers. It is possible to select and edit data. The scientific significance lies in the creation of tools that enable quality monitoring of sediment processes and dissemination of its results to a wide range of interested parties.
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Gis Tools in the Formation of Environmentally Friendly Use of Agricultural Landscapes
Authors Y. Dorosh, O. Dorosh, A. Barvinskyi, A. Dorosh and H. KolisnykSUMMARYThe report presents the methodology for determining ecological and technological limitations in the use of agricultural landscapes using GIS tools and analyses it on the example of agricultural landscapes of the Vinnytsia Municipal Territorial Community (MTC). It is proved, that digital relief model generated with GIS tools can be used to plan and form environmentally friendly agricultural landscape use with high accuracy and efficiency.
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Analysis of Relationship Between Multispectral Drought Indices and Groundwater Levels in the Carpathian Region (Ukraine)
By L. DavybidaSUMMARYGroundwater level data from wells of the State Hydrogeological Monitoring Network in Ukraine were used to analyze the relationship between selected remote sensed drought indices and groundwater level fluctuation. Obtained results have shown that drought indices can be used for a rapid assessment of drought impact on groundwater levels. Investigating group of wells in the study area with different hydrogeologic properties can help to understand the influences of meteorological and hydrological drought on groundwater aquifers.
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Detailed Historical Reconstruction of the Routes From Kyiv to Constantinople Within Eastern Podillia Using GIS Methods
Authors I. Lytvynchuk, I. Savchyn and V. LozynskyiSUMMARYThe purpose of this study is a detailed reconstruction of a fragment of the ancient route from Kyiv to Constantinople, which ran through the territory of Eastern Podillia. Specifically, a section of the road between Pavoločka and Bratslav was chosen, as well as a branch of routes from Bratslav to Soroky and Rashkiv. The initial data for the study were non-geospatial data in the form of historical descriptions of 1419 and 1711–1714, as well as raster data in the form of a DEM, from which relief parameters, slopes, and hydrography were obtained. Several routes were constructed using GIS methods based on least-cost path analysis. In addition, the Black Tatar Road was marked as a source of danger for merchants. The obtained results made it possible to single out an older path, which in the future makes it possible to develop theoretical models of the processes of urbanization in Podillya in the 15th–18th centuries.
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GIS-Based Site Suitability Assessment for Solar Plants in Ivano-Frankivsk Region
Authors L. Davybida and D. KasiyanchukSUMMARYThe research presents an application of combining Boolean analysis and AHP integrated with GIS for site selection of solar plants in Ivano-Frankivsk region, Ukraine. Environmental, technical and economic factors were considered in the computation process and creation a final suitability map. This study can offer a methodology and decision support to the decision maker for solving the solar farms site selection
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The Role of Remote Sensing and GIS in the Implementation of the Category of Land Rent to the Content of the Normative Monetary Valuation of Agricultural Lands in Ukraine
Authors Sh. Ibatullin, O. Sakal, B. Avramchuk, Ye. Tarnopolskyi and R. KharytonenkoSUMMARYThe paper contains the rationale for in-depth scientific research, including the use of Remote Sensing & GIS, as a prerequisite for the implementation of the category of land rent to the content of the normative monetary valuation of agricultural lands in Ukraine and the adoption of methodological principles for the valuation.
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Agricultural Land Arrays: Methodology of Formation, Role and Significance in Remote Sensing
Authors B. Avramchuk, Y. Dorosh, A. Tarnopolskyi, O. Sakal and M. BratinovaSUMMARYThe paper shows the results of spatial identification, vectorization, and formation of agricultural land arrays. The concept of “agricultural land array”, which is fixed at the legislative level, as well as issues that can be solved by forming agricultural land arrays, are highlighted. The study presents the results of the formation of the agricultural land arrays within the districts of the Kyiv region as of 2022. The basic statistics of the formed arrays and attributive data used in the creation of each array are shown. The main advantages and obstacles that stand in the way of using remote sensing data and aerial/space images for the formation of agricultural land arrays are highlighted.
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Modeling and Assessment of Flooding Risks Based on a Digital Terrain Model
Authors O. Dorosh, I. Kupriianchyk, Ye. Butenko, K. Danko and R. KharytonenkoSUMMARYIt was emphasized that flooding is a dangerous natural phenomenon that damages economic infrastructure, people’s lives and health, and the environment as a whole. It has been proven that the preliminary identification of the risks of flooding in the future reduces the potential negative impact of flooding of territories. The risks of land flooding were considered using the example of Skolivska urban territorial community of Lviv region. A digital relief matrix of the estuarine section of the Opir River in the city of its confluence with the Stryi River in the region of the studied area was created. Three different scenarios of zones of probable flooding of the territory are calculated. The number of agricultural land plots for the respective target uses of land within the studied territory, which have the risk of flooding under various scenarios, was determined.
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Research of the Optimal Geometry of the Location of Antenna Systems of Single-Frequency Receivers of Aircraft Navigation Signals Under the Influence of Space Weather
Authors G. Kalashnyk and M. Kalashnyk-RybalkoSUMMARYThe results of an experiment to determine the optimal geometry of the location of three single-frequency receivers for provision of the quality of reception of navigation signals and the accuracy of positioning of civil aviation aircraft are presented, taking into account the influence of irregular space weather variations, the correlation of ionospheric errors and the possibility of their determination in a simplified way in the two-dimensional field of correlated errors based on the method of distributed reception according to the principle of a phase interferometer.
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Pleistocene Climate Fluctuations Recorded in the Magnetic Susceptibility of the Longest Lpss of Ukraine
Authors V. Bakhmutov, D. Hlavatskyi, G. Melnyk, S. Mychak and S. CherkesSUMMARYThe cyclical structure of loess-palaeosol deposits reflects the patterns of climate change and is a valuable archive of palaeoenvironmental information. In various regions of the distribution of the loess-soil sequences (LPSs), palaeoclimatic signals are differently “recorded” in the magnetic properties of rocks, types of fossil soils and the composition of the ancient vegetation. The similarity of variations in the recording of magnetic susceptibility and other palaeoclimate proxies in the same age marine and lake sediments confirms the possibility of palaeoclimatic reconstruction by magnetic properties. In this study, we present rock magnetic and magnetostratigraphic results, in comparison with the lithological-palaeopedological and palynological properties, obtained from the most complete Pleistocene LPSs in Ukraine, at the Roksolany and Vyazivok sections. Our data confirm that the magnetic susceptibility is a powerful tool in the reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental changes, and should be widely used in the study of loess and soil deposits, and in the resolving geological, economic, and environmental problems.
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Study of Problematic Issues in Establishing the Borders of Territorial Communities and Entering Data About Them into the State Land Cadastre
Authors R. Kharytonenko, A. Barvinskyi, R. Derkulskyi, I. Kupriianchyk and Ye. ButenkoSUMMARYStudies have shown that the land management project provided for at the legislative level regarding the establishment of territorial boundaries of territorial communities has general requirements, but does not take into account the specifics of the establishment of the boundary when it is entered into the State land cadastre. Stages of work execution in the development of a land management project regarding the establishment of boundaries of the territories of territorial communities are proposed. Emphasis is placed on which existing and conditional boundaries must be taken into account when establishing the boundary of the territory of the territorial community. It is emphasized the need to provide at the legislative level the possibility of determining a part of the boundary of the territory of a territorial community, taking into account the presence of various economic and legal issues and the impossibility of establishing the entire border of the communities that were affected during military operations.
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Remote Sensing for Assessment of the Natural and Anthropogenic Transformations of a Lake in Polissia Area
Authors M. Malanchuk, O. Hulko and O. PobutaSUMMARYPolissia in Volyn region is the area of many lakes, which create a strategic potential of fresh water, organic and mineral resources. Thus, the urgent task is to make cadaster accounting of lakes and assess their natural and anthropogenic transformations by using advanced methods of remote sensing (RS) and technologies of geographic information systems (GIS-technologies). The conducted research has confirmed that the water area of the model lake in Polissia of Volyn region is getting smaller due to the effect of natural and anthropogenic transformations. The obtained results of assessment of the temperature regime of the Bilske lake surface by using the data of Landsat-8 (TIRS) in EO Browser show the tendency to raise of the annual average temperature, and therefore, activation of the processes of eutrophication in summer seasons and accumulation of the residues of autochthonous and allochton substances. By analysing space images (Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, Landsat) of high resolution with different spectral range, researchers are able to assess ecological conditions of the lake by NDVI index, to identify the dynamics of thermal regime of the lake surface. The research confirms the tendency of raise of the water body temperature. The proposed approach to assessment of the ecological conditions of lakes by applying RS technologies is effective both in the methodical and practical terms.
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Reservoir Rock Sandstone Sio2 Porosity Research by Atomic-Force Microscopy and Acoustic Emission
Authors Yu. Onanko, T. Pinchuk-Rugal, A. Onanko, O. Dmytrenko and S. KuzmychSUMMARYIn order to determine the productivity of oil and gas field reserves it is necessary to assess the void-pore space of the reservoir rocks that form them. Atomic-force microscopy and acoustic emission methods were used for this purpose on samples of sandstone SiO2 reservoir rock to study its porosity coefficient. The growth of internal friction maximum height testifies the growth of the structural defects concentration n, and the broadening of internal friction maximum here represents the relaxation process of structural defects new types in sandstone SiO2 reservoir rocks. The structure of the MySQL database of geological information, physical and petrochemical properties of sandstone SiO2 reservoir rocks, special data management procedures have been developed. All results of calculations carried out by the automated system, are recorded in the database in automatic mode, which made it possible to exclude the possibility of entering incorrect data by the operator in manual mode. The measuring of internal friction background after mechanical treatments, temperature gives information about the changes of the elastic strains fields in sandstone SiO2 reservoir rock.
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Land Readjustment Modeling at the Spatial Planning
Authors M. Malashevskyi, A. Tarnopolskyi, Yu. Mosiychuk, O. Malashevska and Ye. TarnopolskyiSUMMARYThe preconditions of land readjustment have been analyzed. The implementation of land readjustment using GIS technologies in the course of spatial planning was suggested. The prospects and advantages of land readjustment at land tenure development with the example of the formation of a residential area on agricultural land in Kyiv Region, Ukraine have been scrutinized.
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Research and Improvement of Bimetal Benchmark Construction
Authors I. Trevoho, E. Ilkiv, M. Halyarnyk, D. Kukhtar and O. HrushkoSUMMARYIn order to provide a reliable source base for the night networks on large industrial and infrastructure objects, they apply deep-depth monitors. Most often as deep-depth monitors use palm or metal monitors. They are laid in hard rock, which provides reliable storage of high-altitude network level for long time. They are placed as close as possible to the equipment (25–50 m), or directly in the shop ( Baran, 2012 ). The simplest structure of deep rapper - metal or reinforced concrete fuel, clogged at a depth of 20–50 m to the level of root pored. Two pipes are used for the metal rheer: The basic one is made of steel; and auxiliary - made of duralumina and placed in the main pipe. In the base of the river two pipes are fixed to concrete anchor. Inside the main pipe of the river is additionally equipped with a perforated pipe. This allows you to lower the thermometer and measure the temperature of the monitor rod in different depths. At the top of the benchmark you can set the linear movement indicator or mechanical micrometer ( Baran, 2012 ). When the temperature is changed by ∆t=t-t0 (t0, t is the temperature at the first cycle of the neling and the current cycle), the height of the repper tubes is changed by the value entered as an adjustment. The metal repertoire has different constructions. The so-known compensating metal benchmark, which consists of three pipes of different diameter: Two pipes are made of steel, the third one is made of duralumina. The principle of this bi-metal rapper is based on compensation of temperature expansion of two steel pipes with coefficient of linear expansion 12.5•106- and one duralumina pipe with twice the coefficient of linear expansion 22.6•10−6 1/°C ( Baran, 2012 ). This article offers an overview and principle of the author’s bietal pen, work with which does not require additional calculations and calculations of amendments.
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Horizontal Deformations and the Stressed State of the Earth Surface Caused by Reorientation of the Shape of the Lithosphere
Authors A. Tserklevych, Y. Shylo, O. Shylo and O. ZayatsSUMMARYThe surface of the lithosphere is geometrically rotated relative to the geoid, and in geological time the orientation of these shapes and the parameters of the ellipsoids that approximate them have changed. This ambiguity between the shape of the lithosphere and the shape of the geoid can create stresses, aimed at masses redistribution within lithosphere in compliance with the shape of the geoid. The parameters of the biaxial and triaxial ellipsoids were derived based on the digital elevation model ETOPO1. The digital elevation model paleoDEM, was used to model the transformation of the shape of the Earth and assess the impact of its reorientation on the stressed-deformed state of the lithosphere in distant geological epochs. Equations for computation of displacements and deformations, which are related to the transformation of the figure and the orientation of the upper shell of the planet, are given. The interpretation of the obtained results of studies of the planetary dynamics of the shape of the Earth’s lithosphere and the global deformation state is given.
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Estimation of Accuracy for Solving Incorrect Geodetic Problems
Authors A. Sohor, A. Brydun, Yu. Hubar and O.-M. SerantSUMMARYThe most reliable way for calculating linear equations by the method of least squares, which can be used for solving incorrect geodetic problems, is based on matrix factorization. This method is called singular expansion. Other methods require less machine time and memory. But they are less effective in accounting for input errors, round-off errors, and linear dependence. The methodology of such scientific research is that for any matrix A and any two orthogonal matrices U and V there is a matrix Σ connected by the formula. The idea of the singular decomposition is that properly chosen matrices U and V turn most of the matrix Σ entries into zeros and make this matrix diagonal with non-negative entries. The novelty and relevance of scientific solutions lie in the expediency of applying the singular decomposition of the matrix when obtaining linear equations of the least squares method, which can be used to solve incorrect geodetic problems. The goal of scientific research is to obtain a stable solution of parametric equations of corrections to measurement results in incorrect geodetic problems and its accuracy estimation. The method of solving normal equations by successive elimination of unknown variables (Gaussian elimination) is quite common in geodesy but does not provide stable solutions for ill-conditioned or incorrect geodetic problems. Therefore, in the case of unstable systems of equations, it is proposed to use the method of singular decomposition of the matrix. In computational mathematics this method is called SVD. The SVD singular decomposition method makes it possible to obtain stable solutions for both stable and inherently unstable problems. Such an opportunity to solve precisely incorrect geodetic problems is connected with the use of some limit τ, which can be selected based on the relative errors of the matrix of coefficients of the parametric correction equations and the vector of geodetic measurement results. Moreover, the solution of the system of normal equations obtained by the SVD method will have the smallest magnitude. Thus, applying the singular decomposition of the matrix of coefficients of parametric equations of corrections to the results of geodetic measurements, we obtained new formulas for estimating the accuracy of the least squares method when solving incorrect geodetic problems. The derived formulas have a compact form and make it possible to calculate elements and accuracy estimates quite easily, practically neglecting the complex procedure of finding the inverse of the matrix of coefficients of normal equations.
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Theoretical Calculation of the Dilute Aqueous Solutions Activity Coefficients Taking into Account Factors of Electrical Nature
Authors M. Kravchenko, Yu. Bereznytska, L. Vasylenko and S. FedorenkoSUMMARYThe work is devoted to development of the diluted water solutions activity coefficient calculation methodology, using the equalization of the self-agreed systems continuum electrodynamics and allocating processes which are characteristic for the electric system. The dependence of calculated ion activity factors on concentration of diluted water solutions, which are divided into three groups, was obtained. It is justified that for single- and two-valent electrolytes of the first group the influence of the general mechanism of interaction between ions is characteristic, which is determined by the action of ion electric gravity and it`s features. The growth of activity in the area of large concentration values for electrolytes containing hydrogen ion and lithium ion is shown. It has been found that the activity values in the area of electrolytes large concentrations increase is connected with the manifestation of forces of pushing electrical origin in processes, which are accompanied by redistribution of charges. On the basis of equalization for the dielectric component properties of electrolytes water solutions are described. The dependence for calculation of electric field potential, field strength and charge density were obtained. Given the change of diluted water solution internal energy for “i” class ions and free energy is obtained the expression for chemical potential ions. The calculation of the diluted water solutions activity average coefficient is proposed taking into account the nature of electric factors.
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