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14th EAGE International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects
- Conference date: May 11-14, 2015
- Location: Kiev, Ukraine
- Published: 11 May 2015
1 - 50 of 89 results
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Ratification of the resonant frequency method of remote sensing data processing on a local area of the Klondike gold fields in the Yukon Territory of Canada
Authors S. Levashov, N. Yakymchuk, I. Korchagin, D. Bozhezha, V. Prylukov and R. HatalaSummaryThe results of experimental testing of mobile and operative technology of resonant frequency processing and interpretation (decoding) of remote sensing (RS) data for “direct” exploration of various types of minerals on a local prospecting area in the Klondike Gold Fields in the Yukon Territory of Canada are analyzed. Within the surveyed area, a large number of anomalous gold mineralization zones were found and mapped. The derived results are compared with past results of geochemical, magnetic and electrical studies conducted by the Operator. They also confirm, in general, the research findings about the formation of the Klondike placer deposits from the quartz gold veins that are “orogenic” in nature. It is shown that for the small gold deposits, detection and mapping by remote sensing data processing should be conducted at a large scale – 1:2000 and larger.
Previous resonant frequency remote sensing work in 2014 identified anomalous gold mineralization zones within the areas of investigation in Madagascar, Sudan and Guyana. These anomalous gold mineralization zones were confirmed in the ore bodies that were physically discovered using trenches (pits) and core drilling.
The inclusion of this remote and direct sensing technology, integrated with traditional exploratory geological and geophysical methods, will minimize the cost of gold exploration, reduce the time of gold exploration, and increase the probability of success of finding commercial gold (high grams per tonne) or other mineral deposits. The effectiveness and efficiency of resonant frequency remote and direct sensing technologies have been demonstrated in over fifteen countries in the world.
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Experience of direct method using for hydrocarbon accumulations prospecting within areas of shale spreading in Poland
Authors S. Levashov, N. Yakymchuk, I. Korchagin, D. Bozhezha and V. PrylukovSummaryThe results of the application of frequency-resonance technology of remote sensing (RS) data processing and decoding for the detection and mapping of hydrocarbons (HC) accumulations in the areas of shale spreading within the prospecting blocks in Poland are analyzed. The obtained materials are compared with the results of studies on the local area of Marcellus shale basin in the United States.
Within the surveyed areas the anomalous zones of the “gas accumulation” (“gas, oil”) type were found and mapped. Parameters of some anomalous zones (their size and estimates of maximum values of fluid pressure in the reservoirs) allow to suggest these local areas for priority detailed study by geophysical methods and drilling. This is essentially the “Sweet spots” areas. The wells, drilled within the surveyed areas, do not fall into the contours of the detected anomalies; commercial gas inflows in these wells were not received. The hydrocarbon potential development starting of the surveyed areas from detected anomalous zones will significantly reduce the ecological impact on the environment. The results of investigation show that the projected productive horizons can be located both above and below the shale complexes. Therefore, when the hydrocarbon accumulations searching in the areas of shale spreading, the virtually all (available for drilling) interval of the cross-section should be studied.
In general, the results of experimental investigation show that proven mobile technology of frequency-resonance processing and interpretation of RS data allows you to detect and map operatively the “Sweet spots” zones within the shale rocks spreading.
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Expedience of direct methods additionally using for the prospecting wells for oil and gas location
Authors S. Levashov, N. Yakymchuk, I. Korchagin, D. Bozhezha, V. Prylukov and M. PetranovskayaSummaryThe results of the application of frequency-resonance technology of remote sensing (RS) data processing and interpretation within the search area of Zakhatsor (Republic of Kazakhstan) are analyzed. The used method work within the “matter” paradigm of geological and geophysical studies, the essence of which is the “direct” searching for a particular substance (matter): oil, gas, gold, zinc, iron, water, etc. Remote sensing data processing technology allows to detect and map operatively the anomalous zones of the “oil reservoir” and (or) “gas accumulation” type. Within the detected anomalies the depth of the anomalous polarized layers (APL) of the “oil” and “gas” type are defined by the vertical scanning of remote sensing data. Mobile technology allows to receive a new (additional) and, more importantly, independent information on the petroleum potential of the surveyed areas. The local site of three planned wells location was examined. The results showed that the wells are located in not optimal areas and, therefore, the probabilities of commercial HC inflows receiving in these wells are close to zero. The results of two wells drilling confirmed the forecast made prior to drilling.
In general, the mobile and direct methods using for hydrocarbon accumulations prospecting and exploration in conventional and unconventional reservoirs allow optimizing the location of prospecting, exploration and production wells, and therefore significantly reducing their number, the cost of hydrocarbon resources development and harmful effects on the environment.
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Crust structure and features of the geodynamic evolution of the South Shetland trough and Bransfield Strait (West Antarctica) by geophysical data
Authors V. Soloviev, I. Korchagin, S.P. Levashov, N. Yakymchuk and D. BozhezhaSummaryDuring Ukrainian Antarctic Expeditions (2006, 2012) new geophysical data for the West Antarctica bottom structures were obtained. The geophysical investigations included the geoelectric methods of forming a short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS). These methods were used for the crustal structure studying. Detailed geoelectric sections (with depth up to 24–32 km) were constructed for Drake Passage, Scotia Sea and Bransfield Strait tectonic structures as a result of these seasonal works. On the geoelectric models there are the major crustal boundaries and deep crustal heterogeneities. Some specific geoelectric boundaries below the Moho in Drake Passage are given. The occurrence of possible deep high-temperature zones of rocks may reflect the heterogeneity of Passage bottom structures and available processes of tectonic and magmatic activity with the local areas of modern rifting in Bransfield Basin. New hypothesis for geodynamical and evolution processes in Drake Passage and the Bransfield Strait forming is proposed. Data obtained showed that evolution of this region was determined as a result of a hot upper mantle plume upward into the Bransfield Strait crust. The VERS data obtained not confirm the presence of clearly expressed subduction zone at the continental margin of the South Shetland Islands, indicating the important role of thrust movements and extension of Bransfield Basin in the South Shetland Trench forming.
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Creation of a spatial database of prospecting works
By D. BozhezhaSummaryExperience of creation, accumulation and visualization of the information on prospecting works is described. The database included the information on 250 works executed by one collective for last 15 years.
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A new modified criterion function of information capability of spectral bands
By S. AlpertSummaryIn this work we considered some methods for selection of the most informative spectral bands. It was considered criterion function of information capability of spectral bands and it’s main properties. It was also proposed a new method to select spectral bands, which is based on the concept of new modified criterion function of information capability of spectral bands. In this work we considered an example using these criterion functions. It was shown, that the proposed new modified criterion function of information capability of spectral bands has some advantages and gives more accurate results than other methods.
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The distribution of electrical conductivity in the depths of the Crimean region
Authors T. Burakhovych and A. KushnirSummaryCorrespondence of regions of manifestations of ultradeep fluids observed in seismic tomography data to high conductivity anomalies in the Earth’s crust and upper mantle (seen in a quasi-3D model) as well as to increased heat flow and to distribution of hypocenters of earthquakes proves a connection of seismic activity in the Crimean region with manifestation of collision processes and a connection of the latter with the manifestation of ultradeep fluids processes.
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Specialized geoinformation system RAPID: features, structure, tasks
Authors B. Busygin and S. NikulinSummaryLast decades are defined by actively adopting remote sensing data, mainly including space imagery, in geoscience. One of the promising scientific and technical approaches, which allow efficiently managing large volumes of satellite images and other geospatial data and acquiring new useful information from this data, is a usage of geoinformation systems (GIS). Such systems must have capabilities to store, process, and visualize spatial data and analyze this data using Data mining approach. Specialized GIS RAPID (Recognition, Automatic Prognostication, Data Interpretation) is created in State Higher Education Institution “National Mining University”. The report gives basic facts concerning the system, its functional potential and examples of its application.
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Identification of weakened zones waterproof strata on Verkhnekamsk potassium deposit by the ground-underground gravimetric method
More LessSummaryOn the Verkhnekamsk potassium deposit located in the West of the Urals, the main problem for safe operation of mines is the preservation waterproof strata of rocks, i.e. thickness between the mines and the surface. The observation of this layer is performed by a complex of geophysical methods. An important role in this complex is reserved gravimetry, which includes observation of gravity in the mines. For example, the interpretation gravity field on one of the mines of the Verkhnekamsk potassium deposit shows the effectiveness of the implementation of surface and underground survey in order to detect weakened fractured zones waterproof strata in the complex of measures of safe operation of mining enterprises.
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Possibilities of MT/MV researches for prediction of mineral deposits in the Ukrainian shield
Authors E. Sheremet, T. Burakhovich, I. Nikolaev and B. ShirkovSummaryDeposits and occurrences of rare, precious, radioactive metals, phosphorus, titanium and other minerals that are spatially and genetically related to the distribution of ore-bearing metasomatic rocks and differentiated intrusions were predicted according to the results of geoelectric research of the Ukrainian Shield.
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Magnetic susceptibility of environmental objects in the hydrocarbon presence
Authors O. Menshov and R. KuderavetsSummaryThe measurements of soil magnetic susceptibility are an express and high-performance method for studying the hydrocarbons influences to the geological layers and soil. The informational content of the soils magnetic researches in the presence of hydrocarbons is: soil magnetic anomalies grading, the hydrocarbon fluid impact to the environmental magnetism, the change of the magnetic susceptibility of soils as a result of the autogenic magnetic minerals formation under the influence of refined production, technogenic and anthropogenic pollution by hydrocarbons. The magnetic susceptibility and its frequency dependence give the opportunity to identify and explain the processes mentioned above. Microorganisms are involved in the biodegradation of petroleum products. To determine the pedogenic, technogenic and, presumably, hydrocarbon-induced magnetic signals in soils, we used the frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility analyses. Non-polluted soils show lower values of magnetic susceptibility than those containing traces of hydrocarbons. For the entire sample, MS×10–8 m3/kg is: 7≤ MSlf ≤68, the mean is 21; Kfd: 3≤Kfd≤34, the mean is 8. Our findings suggest that the Kfd values are more than 3% and there is a straight regression dependence. Therefore, the soils of the studied hydrocarbon field are non-polluted and their magnetism can only be of pedogenic or hydrocarbon origin.
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Lognormal kriging for modeling of geogenic radon potential
Authors O. Shabatura, S. Vyzhva, I. Onyshchuk, D. Onyshchuk and V. OnyshchukSummaryLatest knowledge has been obtained on the structural and functional distribution of geogenic radon potential under territory of moderate ecological risk and submerged part of crystalline foundation. Based on these results development of geostatistical model are sufficiently useful to support the required regulatory decisions of radon exploration program including radon monitoring of equivalent equilibrium volume activities of radon (and toron) in dwellings and soil gas. The analysis of factor-spatial components of geogenic radon potential respond to a linear model and a few nested models. There are two large clusters of first nested model that have different spatial sizes. First component of model (more than 150 km) probably is linked to climatic factor and second (more than 5 km) should connect with type of soils. More small spatial cluster nested model are described by characteristics of geomorphologic-landscape structure of territory. There is some universality of main model structure are determines be radium content of bedrock and particles of soil. The main advantages of the geostatistical evaluation with geogenic radon potential for regional predication have been proved a correct prediction of correlation between the geological measuring of the soil radon and proper of long-duration measuring of radon into dwellings. It will give a possibility to correct routine measuring of radon levels in indoor air of dwellings, to set out a system of new observation in regions with a high dose loadings as well to plan radiological investigation and protective measures.
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Information Estimator Using Minimax Criterion for Solutions of Inverse Gravity Problem
More LessSummaryThe conception of the hidden information about sources of gravitational anomalies as joint fragment of the true model and disturbing objects has been introduced. It is shown, that in the presence of uncertainty inherent to inverse problems, the limit of possibilities of algorithms for constructing the best estimates of model parameters of sources is to maximize the guaranteed volume of hidden information. It is proved that optimal solutions of inverse problems, which realized the known conception of the minimax, have the maximum of the informativity (in this sense). Technologies of building of sufficiently representative subsets of feasible solutions, already tested on another class of inverse problems, have been offered. They have been fixed in the basis of minimax algorithms for solving inverse problems of the ore type. The examples of application of minimax algorithms of the solution of gravity inverse problems are given in the article.
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Geothermal conditions and crustal structure of the northwestern Carpathians
By R. KutasSummaryIn the northwestern Carpathian region three geothermal zones have been revealed corresponding with main tectonic elements with different ages: late Proterozoic early – Paleozoic (low heat flow, 40–55 mW/m2), late Paleozoic – early Mesozoic (intermediate heat flow, 50–70 mW/m2), late Mesozoic – Cenozoic (high heat flow, 70–110 mW/m2). The analysis of heat flow data, crustal structure and 2D numerical geothermal modeling along two seismic profiles crossing the main Carpathian tectonic allow us to conclude the heat flow changes are due to variable mantle component of heat flow, feature of the tectonic evolution and structure of the crust. The mantle heat flow changes from 20 mW/m2 in the East European Platform to 70 mW/m2 in Pannonian Basin and crustal thickness decreases from 40–50 km to 22–30 km. High mantle heat flow in the Pannonian Basin was associated with astenosphere uplift 25–30 Ma ago.
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Processing of MT/MV data on the Dovzhanka-Buz’ke profile
Authors B. Shyrkov, A. Kushnir and A. UsenkoSummaryThe results of MTS and MVP field research were processed using the PRC_MTMV software and the transfer operators in a wide range of periods were obtained. Their pseudosections allow to qualitatively assess the electrical conductivity along the profile. Anomalous areas, mostly coinciding with the deep fault zones of the Ukrainian Shield (Podilska, Talnovska, Gvozdavska, Vradiyvska and Pervomayska) were allocated.
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A componentwise Newton type method for solving the structural inverse gravity problem
Authors E. Akimova and A. SkurydinaSummaryFor solving the structural inverse gravity problem, a componentwise Newton type method is proposed. Parallelization of the algorithm and its implementation on a multicore Intel processor is developed. For a two-layer medium model, the structural inverse problem of reconstructing the interface between media is solved. The comparison of the componentwise Newton type method and modified Newton method in terms of the number of iterations and execution time is carried out.
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Earthquakes of Nadvirna area (Ukrainian Precarpathians) and kinematics of the breaks
More LessSummaryThe analysis of seismicity of Nadvirna area was made and tectonic localization of local earthquakes hypocenter is shown. Researches show that epicenters of earthquakes are located in the tectonic unit, which is formed by intersection of Precarpathian and Shopur-Nadvirna-Monastyrets faults. By the I. Gorbunova method the directions of breaks propagation are determined and these directions coincide with carpathian and anti-carpathian directions of major tectonic faults in investigated area.
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Results of pore space structure evaluation and complex analysis of petrophysical data for Zarichna area samples
Authors I. Bezrodna and A. ShynkarenkoSummaryNowadays due to high depletion of conventional hydrocarbon sources in Ukraine, investigations and exploration of unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs became very important. In this work samples from Zarichna area (southern part of Dnieper-Donets Basin), were investigated. The purpose of studies was to estimate the petrophysical parameters of the sample collection, to determine their pore space structure and to decide if these samples can be identified as poor-porous oil and gas reservoirs. Studied samples have predominately clastic and carbonate composition with organogenic inclusions. Macro- and micropetrographic analysis were carried out during the lithological and petrographic study of samples. Accordingly to the conducted petrophysical parameters studies and on the basis of statistical analysis of relationships between the properties of Zarichna area samples collection, few samples of rocks were chosen as promising poor-porous reservoirs for the next studies. Rock physics data obtained during the experiment under the variable pressure conditions were used for the assessment of pore space structure. This assessment made the estimation of different types of pores content possible. The analysis of all obtained data made clear that only dolomite limestones and some sandstones from the whole sample collection can be identified as compacted reservoir rocks due to presence of fracture porosity.
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Prediction of fluid saturation of rocks collectors according to the gamma-ray log
Authors L. Skakal’s’ka and A. NazarevychSummaryThe empirical connection for compressibility, porosity and pressure in dry rocks for arbitrary geological region is derived. The calculations to distinguish the dry and fluid saturated rocks are conducted according to acoustic logging and core studies; the distinction of oil and water is made. The empirical connection of the longitudinal waves speed and the intensity of gamma radiation is derived. The speeds of longitudinal waves in the case of gamma-ray log are calculated. The algorithm and software are constructed. All elastic properties of the rocks of the well section are calculated.
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Spatial modeling and prediction of environmental situation in the filling Dombrowski career
Authors N. Hurska, S. Bagriy, L. Davybida, E. Kuzmenko and I. FitsakSummaryThe relevant problem of clean-up activities the Kalush mining regionare сonsidered. Created DEM Dombrowski career tools of GIS. Done prediction and simulation of the dynamics career the filling brines and critical limits of contact with brine aquifer gravel and pebbly horizon installed.
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The use of geographic information systems and technologies in military affairs
Authors O.Y. Pona and L.I. DavybidaSummaryThe actual problem is the improving of the military topography, namely the use of GIS. Analysis of the most important applications of GIS and their basic functions are performed. The question of the use of the most popular GIS is surveyed below.
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Geoinformation technology of space monitoring of slagheaps thermal state
Authors K. Sergieieva and B. BusyginSummaryGeoinformation technology of slagheaps thermal state analysis is described. It is based on the methods of time series automated processing of multispectral satellite surveys and it allows maps creation of slagheaps with different characteristics of thermal state (burning, not burning). The technology is tested on the Landsat-TM/ETM+ and Terra-ASTER multi-temporal space survey data for the Donetsk city (Ukraine) and adjacent territories. Analysis of the research results allowed estimating intensity and evidence of combustion processes in space and time, determining areas of slagheaps buffer zones containing city building, green plants, bare soil and water bodies subject to negative impact of combustion products.
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Evolution of profile of radiohydrogeochemical anomaly of Tritium contamination within affected zone of surface radioactive waste repository
Authors V. Dolin, Y. Yakovlev, O. Shcherbak and Y. KutskaSummaryTritium groundwater contamination within affected zone of Kyiv radioactive wastes repository has been analyzed utilizing geostatistical instrument. Spatial and temporal regularities of evolution of contours and square of the anomaly of groundwater contamination and volume of Tritium released from damaged vaults are determined.
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Feedback velocity structure of the mantle beneath Thailand with seismicity of the region
Authors L. Zaiets, A. Ostrovnoy and I. BugaienkoSummaryWithin the framework of a three-dimensional P-velocity model of the mantle of the South-East Asia, considered the mantle velocity structure beneath Thailand and its surroundings with the identification of possible premises in the deep structure of the mantle for the manifestation of earthquakes in the region. The model has been obtained by application of the method of Taylor approximation of solution of seismic tomography of P-waves arrival time introduced by Geiko.
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The results of interpretation the data of electric and pulsed neutron-neutron logging methods for the study of low-resistivity reservoirs, example is terrigenous sediments of the Dnieper-Donets basin.
Authors K. Ruchko and V.M. KurganskySummaryResearch of untraditional hydrocarbon reservoirs are particularly important in due to the need to expand production of hydrocarbons in Ukraine. These species include terrigenous sediments of low-resistivity . They related to significant deposits of oil and gas, but in many cases they are skipped because his electrical resistance coincide with a similar electrical parameter saturated layers. Low values of electrical resistivity of reservoir rocks complicate the assessment of character of saturation of low-resistivity terrigenous reservoirs and determining the position of fluid contacts, effective capacity, coefficients of hydrocarbon saturation. Therefore, at the study of reservoirs special interest consists in the research of the physical nature of anomalous conductivity, which is necessary for interpreting the results of electric logging wells. In this paper the processing and geological interpretation data of logging well in low-resistance hydrocarbon wells was performed using the “GeoPoisk.”
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Probabilistic-statistical methods of data interpretation of electrical prospecting EP and SEP in the solution of geological engineering problems
Authors L. Hristenko and Yu. StepanovSummaryMethods еlectrometry are widely used to study the composition of soils and their filtration properties. The article contains a study of the possibility of use in the interpretation of the statistical characteristics of the parameters of the observed electric fields.
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MT / MV investigation of the northern slope of the Dnieper-Donets Depression
Authors O. Perestyuk, B. Shirkov and A. KushnirSummaryIn 2014 in Sumy region (village Chumakovo) were conducted long-term experimental MT/MV. Purpose this work is long-term observational data processing using two program complexes (PRC_MTMV, PTS), obtaining frequency dependencies transfer functions MT / MV operators and comparison of results. Obtained frequency dependence of the amplitude and phase of impedance, apparent resistivity and typperiv. Perfomed processing and comparing the program complexes ,we can say, they are different methodical decision and ways to of their implementation. have different approaches to the processing MT / MV data, but give quite comparable results.
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The planning of the GIS-project for the long-term hydrogeology prognostication on the basis systems of automation for projects’ management
Authors Yu. Fediv and L. DavybidaSummaryThe analysis of expediency application of the systems of automation for management projects is conducted in the tasks of planning of the geoinformative providing. The structure of works of GIS-project is worked out taking into account of conceptual algorithm of research and prognostication of long-term conformities to law of the natural hydrogeodynamic mode. The calendar plan of project’s works is made on the basis of facilities of the calendar-net planning in the environment system of automation for management of the projects Microsoft Project.
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GIS mathematical-cartographic modeling changes hydrogeochemical conditions of groundwater
By O. OstroukhSummaryThe work is devoted to research of spatial and temporal changes of hydrogeochemical conditions of groundwater horizon chop Mukachevo Artesian Basin using geo approach. For example, the chemical composition of groundwater considered possible, proved the feasibility and effectiveness of using GIS techniques to monitor groundwater. As a result of experimental case studies the estimation of spatio-temporal dynamics of long-term changes in salinity and salt components of the groundwater aquifer soil.
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Exploration of the natural gamma background in the system of caves Atlantda – Malyshka Kiyanka
Authors O. Кaras‵ov, I. Kopyl, A. Pylypiuk and D. TrutenSummaryExposure dose rate of gamma radiation has been measured in the system of caves Atlantida-Malyshka Kiyanka, which varies 5–18,5 mkR / hr. According to the results of measurements on 75 points, was created the map which shows the exposure dose. In our opinion, gamma radiation background in caves is controlled by the type of aggregate, increased values (15–18,5 mkR/hr) are confined to the places of the ancient clay deposits.
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Notices on the methodic of the digital gravity databases foundation in Ukraine
More LessSummaryThere is postulated a renaissance of gravity surveys due to improvement on the accuracy of mea¬sure¬me¬nts and to the development of software for the processing and interpretation of gravimetry data. An ade¬quate requirements to the modern geophysical practice are formulated on the optimal accuracy for the means of interpretation of the potential fields data. Main trends of reinterpretation of data being sto¬red in the archives are pointed out with the aim of creation a unified digital framework for the geo¬phy¬sical databases. The main problems there are the creation of high-speed solutions for digitization of maps and the creation of digital databases on modern OS platforms. A series of separate branches are generalized, justifying the creation of a new methodology for gravity (and other) databases for the territory of Ukraine. In particular, it is suggested as follows: for a database engine to use a Postgre¬SQL; for a method of digitizing paper maps – by A.I. Yakimchik technique (as an input for digitizing is not contour maps, but the measurements log (map of the field points being converted into the digital grid map of gravity anomalies); for a new standard of preprocessing of gravity data – the technique by Bychkov S.G. (needs to develop the own parameters for calculating of gravity amendments); to add to the standard set of maps for the interpretation the maps of the absolute values of the gravity field, and for this reason to change the Instructions on gravity surveys on 1980; to combine together in a united public interface the complementary data on the areas of research; to change not the secrecy bar on gravity data, but the concept of intellectual property: to replace competition within the access to measurements data by the competition on the results of data interpretation.
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Quantitative regional landslide hazard prediction using GIS within the Southern coast of Crimea
Authors K.Y. Boiko and O.Y. KoshliakovSummaryLandslides on the Southern coast of Crimea have been an object of long-term researches and explorations. However, the existing range of techniques to identify landslide formation factors and landslide predicting is losing its relevance today. This is related to the state of funding of the monitoring work that provides filling of the database required for predicting as well as to the change in research area - from grand landslide systems to shallow landslides in deluvial-eluvial deposits. The introduction and substantiation of the relevant method of regional predicting of landslides distribution and activation in surface deposits is important to overcome these problems. We propose to analyze landslide hazard areas based on using regional predicting method with GIS. As the latter, SINMAP tool (or method) was selected - stability index mapping technique. Using the slope stability factor as a criterion for determining the landslide hazard and geological-hydrogeological approach to analyze landslide formation factors, this technique provides an opportunity to perform quantitative, i.e. deterministic spatial and temporal predicting of landslide hazard areas. The south-western landslide sub-area was selected as a test site being characterized by the highest percentage of damage by landslide forms and numbering around 600 landslides within it, most of which are specifically shallow-lying landslides the activation or formation of which is caused by joint or separate effect of man-caused load (in the form of slope undercutting, overload or overwatering), erosion and weather conditions (in the form of excessive precipitation).
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Quantitative assessment of soil contamination using factor analysis
Authors M. Zhukov, I. Kurajeva, Yu. Vojtyuk, I. Stakhiv and O. MatviienkoSummaryConducted comprehensive assessment of Mariupol soil contamination by heavy metals. The level of soil contamination remains high, the main source of pollution is the steel industry. Established that the most man-made metals are Zn and Cu.Method of principal components was used to identify factors that influence of soil contamination.
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Abnormal cases of winter invading of cold masses on the territory of Ukraine
By A. SavchenkoSummaryUsing the regional reanalysis of the atmospheric circulation for the period of 1958 – 2007 the quantitative estimates of sensible and latent heat fluxes on the surface of the Black Sea in winter, as well as the statistical characteristics of the total heat flux values were obtained. The synoptic composites of anomaly corresponding to the extreme cooling of the Black Sea were built. It was found that the extreme cooling occurs when the anticyclone with the center located to the northwest of the Black Sea is formed. Established cooling is happening in the emerging field of anticyclonic center, located northwest of the Black Sea. Thus synoptic conditions were considered for extreme lowering surface temperature for Ukraine and shows the changes of meteorological characteristics in the European region through reanalyses ERA-40 / Interim. It will be shown that cooling of Ukraine and sea surface of north-western part of the Black Sea is under increasing pressure in the Baltic Sea and the reduction in the district of the Caucasus Mountains, and creating between these two areas strong cold air flow, which causes a reduction in surface temperature in the territory of Ukraine to 8 ° C from average in winter.
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On the filtering of magnetic targets within the deep by the analytical continuation in framework of equivalent sources
Authors O. Chornaya and Yu. DubovenkoSummaryBased on the analysis of magnetic data for a Pineview park of 30×80 m, a calculation is carried out in upper space for magnetic anomalies with the aim of their archaeological interpretation. An analytical conti¬nu¬ation procedure allowed us to divide the anomalies by the sources deep. A field extraction from the sources in an equivalent layer by means of calculation of the residual field from the anomalous borders of sources allowed to define the contours of magnetic anomalies. The additional calculation of horizontal gradient of magnetic induction allowed us to specify the classification of local anomalies by the amplitude. The results of interpretation have qualitative character, but allowed to localize the location of excavations.
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Estimation the upward migration of pollutions during the shale gas production subject to the results of space images decoding
Authors V. Lyalko, O. Azimov and Y. YakovlevSummaryСonsiders the relevance of the application of modern remote aerospace and hydrogeological methods in solving the environmental security of the hydrosphere when the shale gas will be production in Ukraine. Place your examples of the pilot implementation of these methods within the Bilyajivka site of the Dnieper-Donets Depression which is adjacent to the Yuzivka area. On basis of accounting the hydrogeologic filtrational parameters and the results of thematic decoding of remote sensing data we performed the tentative expert appraisal of the temporal rates the upward migration of pollutions from a fracturing zone to the ground water-bearing horizon when in use the shale gas probable production. The region of the Bilyajivka-400 borehole was considered as an example. As a result we established that the achievement time of the migrating pollutions from the fracturing zone to the ground water-bearing horizon level will amount to 50÷5 years. It will depend on a possible variability the active porosity value of the joint fissure that predicted in the region of mentioned borehole via remote sensing decoding data.
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Characteristics of the velocity gradient in the upper mantle of the Carpathian-Balkan region
Authors I. Bugaienko, T. Tsvetkova, O. Ostrovnoy and L. ZaietsSummaryUsed three-dimensional P-velocity model of the mantle, built by the method of Teylor approximate solution seismic tomography proposed by V.S.Geyko. This method gives a more accurate approximation of non-linearity and can be used at a lower velocity limits for functions, do not require setting the reference model as the initial approximation, gives the correct by Tikhonov.
The analysis of changes in the velocity gradient with depth Carpathian-Balkan region allowed in the mantle under different tectonic structures highlight layers in which the velocity gradient increases, decreases or is constant with depth. Shown top and bottom of selected layers. Shows how to behave velocity gradient with depth in the vicinity of the Vrancea zone, which is characterized by the presence of intermediate depth earthquakes in the 70–200km.
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Crust thermobaric anomalies of rocks lowered density and enhanceable porosity
By V. KorchinSummaryPhysical characteristics of different types of crystalline (igneous and metamorphic) rocks largely depend on their fractures and porosity, state of intergrain boundaries. Interest to researches of interstitial space considerably grew in connection with the study of migration of gas-liquid fractions, in particular hydrocarbons, in crystalline rocks on the different depths of lithosphere. All of gamut of appropriate and casual reasons, which influence on formation of pores and microfractures, to expose it is practically impossible. However, a tendency is exposed, that at petrographically similar groups of rocks the increase of porosity and microfractures conduces to reduce of elastic waves propagation velocity in them. In the offered work on the basis of study of connection of interstitial space with the longitudinal waves propagation velocity at high pressures and temperatures in the Ukrainian shield granites samples an attempt more fully to describe a change porosity and fractures of rocks depending on Р and Т influence of different depths is carried out, to explain some crust anomalies of rocks unpacking, which can be conductors of migration and localization of deep origin hydrocarbons.
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Petroleum potential study of Spinel Area (Australia)
Authors I. Zinchenko, A. Chernov, I. Pap, I. Trehub and V. KhalimendikSummaryReview of the results of our investigations of gas field in Australia. During 2 months our team was working on the project of gas field investigation to take part in competition Imperial Barrel Award (IBA). We were provided with well-logging data and 3D seismic. After several steps of geological and geophysical processing and interpretation, we extracted 3 perspective plays and 4 prospects. For identified prospects risked reserves were calculated. Also we came up with recommendations for further investigations.
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Information resource "Magellan Mounts (Pacific ocean)" - modern instrument for the execution of integrated geological-geophysical and geomorphological researchs
Authors E. Zhuleva, V. Rashidov, A. Metalnikov and E. ChesalovaSummaryThe information resource (IR) “Magellan mounts (The Pacific ocean)”, situated in http://guyot.ocean.ru/, is created on the base of the universal portal of P.P.Shirshov Oceanology Institute RAS for the collection and storage of oceanologic information. IR includes a website, a geoinformation system in the ArcGIS Online, and a database (DB). The website, the geoinformation system, and DB are all interconnected.
The program platform of portal is the configuration, included server Linux/Unix, HTTP-server Apache, server DB MySQL, integrated necessary programming languages and server applications. The portal design is form by the template using the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) technology. Website include sections “Regional characteristic”, “What are guyots?”, “Database”, “Scientific ships expeditions”, “Bibliography” and the information about the project and institutes-runners. The General Bathymetric Carte of Oceans GEBCO (http://www.gebco.net) is the base of NE Pacific relief. Data in DB are presented by the text, tables and large-scale bathymetric, geological and geophysical maps. IR in addition to data collection performs the functions of guyots different morphometric characteristics calculation, interpreted with using of spatial data GIS-methods analysis.
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Exploration and evaluation criterions to estimate prospects of exploration, appraisal and production of unconventional HC resources
By A. KryshtalSummaryCommon and distinctive characteristics of the conventional and unconventional HC resources are shown, definitions in English and Ukrainian terminology are synchronized. Main prospective lithology-stratigraphic units of Dnepro-Donetsk depression for exploration of unconventional types of HC resources are identified. Structural and tectonic conditions of development of HC of different types in different reservoirs are defined. The possibility of synergetic geological circumstances of the development of different types of HC with potential resources estimated to exceed that of conventional ones.
Major exploration and evaluation criterions and evidences of main types of unconventional HC resources are defined. Main objectives are determined to solve the problems of development of the significant potential of unconventional HC resources of Ukraine.
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Indicators local heterogeneity assessment of the gravity field in solution tectonic zoning tasks
Authors O. Dziuba, M. Zhukov and M. RachovaSummaryAnalysis of the tectonic structure, genesis structures and their composition, nature changes the gravitational field of the north-eastern part of the Dnieper-Donets depression are provided. Methods of processing gravimetric data for solving tectonic zoning are done and automated system for calculation of physical and statistical attributes (standard deviation, absolute deviation, coefficient of variation, anisotropy, Abbe criterion, the horizontal gradient) is created. Algorithm of the assessment indicators local heterogeneity of the gravity field is developed. Since classical model of Gaussian distribution is appropriated to describe the distribution of the gravitational field inhomogeneity parameters over different geological structures, proposed technique to study changes in the gravitational field inhomogeneity parameters by applying universal model of normal distribution.
Distribution patterns of heterogeneity parameters of the gravitational field of the study area (Shebelinka, Starovirivska, Ryabuhinska) are analyzed. Indicators local heterogeneity assessment of the gravity field decision-making criteria to create geostructures classification system for solving tectonic zoning is calculated.
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Modeling of the volcanic structures neotectonic evolution of Vyhorlat-Hutyn ridge (The Ukrainian Carpathians)
Authors T. Andriiets, O. Ivanik and S. MuravkoSummaryThe geomorphological and tectonic evolution, spatial and temporal distribution of neotectonic movement amplitudes during after volcanic stages, the determination of tectonic activity are still the main problems of Carpathian geology. In the paper the results of the structure-morphometric analysis of Kuchavskyi, Syniak, Dekhmaniv volcanos have been shown. The structure-morphometric models, analytic operations with geodatabase design and spatial modeling have executed in GIS. The detailed analysis of relief evolution and tectonic movements has carried out. The uniform distribution of uplift amplitudes for Kuchavskyi volcano, high differentiated – for Syniak and differentiated – for Dekhmaniv volcano have been determined. The differences of tectonic evolution between Grabowsk volcano-domical structure and caldera of volcano Syniak, between interior and middle zones of volcano Dekhmaniv have been determined. Tectonically active local structures have been found. The amplitudes of the tectonic movements, generated as a result of Grabivska structure and Dekhmaniv volcano intrusive bodies uplift have been defined. The process of volcanic centers destruction has been determined.
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Spatial prediction of gas-generating sequences based on evaluation of vitrinite reflectivity in Dnieper-Donets Depression
Authors Y. Zelenko and O. KarpenkoSummaryThe issue is to identify the most promising rock mass, their lateral and spatial distribution, explore and highlight the main criteria for mature oil-and gas-generating fat-based distributions of reflectivity vitrinite (R0).
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Stable solutions of inverse problems of gravity-magnetometry on crystalline shields
Authors P. Minenko, R. Minenko and Y. MechnikovSummarySince almost half of the territory of Ukraine is on the crystalline shield with small depths, the primary objectives of geophysics is to search them all ore deposits. Solving these problems is impossible without detailed geophysical gravimetric studies. Most geological arrays and anomalous bodies strongly heterogeneous physical properties. It is therefore necessary to have a sustainable methods for solving inverse linear problems gravimagnitometrii to determine the model blocks in secondary physical properties. For reliable extraction of gravity and magnetic data of geological information needed sustainable practices conversion software maps the field in the multilayer vertical sections and maps of the distribution of physical properties at low volumes a priori data. Especially when a large error field. To do this, use the iterative optimization methods that are filtered at each step, any changes in the physical properties of the block model and clarify important details of the anomalous bodies. As a result of experimental studies found that iterative correction of the first order gives the fuzzy solution. Then it was suggested that the second-and third-order will be able to collect more concentrated on the field map in the process of technological residual solutions. On theoretical examples succeeded. But additionally had to align the initial conditions of the second layer blocks. The proposed method has been tested on real fields. In particular, the magnetic field map on Ukrainian Crystalline Shield. Solution of the inverse problem for the field by simple iteration gave very poor results. However, with the use of iterative refinement of amendments the inverse result was closer to reality.
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The changes of hydrogeological conditions of the territory of the Government House in Kiev under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors using GIS technology
By O. LiubchykSummaryHydrogeological conditions of the slope at the right bank of the Dnieper at the street of Sadova in Kyiv have been studied. Hydrogeological conditions of the area by natural and anthropogenic factors have been analyzed.
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Vrancea Earthquakes and seismic boundaries
Authors A. Kendzera, A. Ostrovnoy and T. TsvetkovaSummaryThe paper deals with seismic data of the strongest earthquakes Vrancea zone (M≥5) for the period from 2000 to 2014. presented in the ISC bulletin and Harvard catalog of earthquakes. Goal of the work was to determine the quantity changes of earthquakes and their magnitude.
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Principles and methods of the regional landslide hazard assessment based on analysis of the rock mass stress-strain state
By O. IvanikSummaryRegional landslide hazard prediction and assessment of the slopes stability is carried out by the different methods and approaches. It takes into account the different geological, geomorphological and meteorological factors of the landslide formation. The stress-strain state of the rock mass is one of the important criteria for evaluating of the slope stability. An example of the stress-strain state determining within the landslide slopes has been proposed. The geological structure and physics-mechanical properties of rocks defined the formalization of calculations. Examples of calculation of the stress-strain state of the slope with the active landslide has been demonstrated. It is situated in village Krasnyk in Ivano-Frankivsk region (the Ukrainian Carpathians). The distribution of the stresses in the different parts of the slope depending on the geological structure and deposits water saturation has been showed. Taking into account the slope parameters and geological features the proposed method is the instrument of the landslide risk assessment and aims towards the identification of potential landslide impact.
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Principles and methods of the regional landslide hazard assessment based on analysis of the rock mass stress-strain state
By O. IvanikSummaryRegional landslide hazard prediction and assessment of the slopes stability is carried out by the different methods and approaches. It takes into account the different geological, geomorphological and meteorological factors of the landslide formation. The stress-strain state of the rock mass is one of the important criteria for evaluating of the slope stability. An example of the stress-strain state determining within the landslide slopes has been proposed. The geological structure and physics-mechanical properties of rocks defined the formalization of calculations. Examples of calculation of the stress-strain state of the slope with the active landslide has been demonstrated. It is situated in village Krasnyk in Ivano-Frankivsk region (the Ukrainian Carpathians). The distribution of the stresses in the different parts of the slope depending on the geological structure and deposits water saturation has been showed. Taking into account the slope parameters and geological features the proposed method is the instrument of the landslide risk assessment and aims towards the identification of potential landslide impact.
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Geophysical complex for prospecting of alluvial gold deposits in the Magadan region
Authors L. Muravyev, V. Ternovskiy and I. KhasanovSummaryGeophysics is a cheaper alternative to prospective drilling and used in two main areas: the study of the geological structure of the gold-bearing area covered by unconsolidated sediments and in the study of unconsolidated sediments and forms the buried bedrock relief. To solve the above problems a complex of field geophysical studies on the alluvial deposits of the Central Kolyma areas is performed. Geophysical complex included ground-penetrating radar (GPR) sensing, electric profiling, electric sounding and micromagnetometric survey. Experimental geophysical surveys were carried out at several sites in the Magadan region, Russia, where industrial extraction of alluvial gold is planned. Comparison spent on drilling profiles allowed us to link areas of high gold content with confident observed local positive anomalies of the magnetic field from 5 to 25 nT and increased to 5 nT/m vertical gradients of magnetic field. By these attributes became possible to determine the gold-bearing alluvial deposit position in plan. Developed geophysical complex may be recommended before setting specific polygon boundaries placer mining.
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