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7th EAGE Saint Petersburg International Conference and Exhibition
- Conference date: 11 Apr 2016 - 14 Apr 2016
- Location: Saint Petersburg, Russia
- ISBN: 978-94-6282-179-8
- Published: 11 April 2016
101 - 120 of 198 results
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Uncertainty Quantification in Fractured Reservoirs Based on Outcrop Modelling from Northeast Brazil
Authors A. Bakay, V. Demyanov and D. ArnoldThis work is aimed at uncertainty quantification of flow performance in fractured reservoirs. The study demonstrates how outcrop data on fracture distribution are integrated into uncertainty quantification workflow. It includes eliciting statistics from the outcrop data to generate ensemble of discreet fracture networks (DFNs), DFNs upscaling into permeability grids, clustering of models according to permeability patterns, choice of training images for the cluster scenarios and generation of multiple realisations, flow simulation to come up with the spread of uncertainty in the recovery performance. The influence of fracture intensity and orientation on recovery efficiency was quantified. Uncertainty was represented by multiple sets of realisations based on training images. The workflow created is applicable to any fractured reservoir studies. The data for the case study is from five outcrops in Jandaira formation from NE Brazil, Potiguar Basin was mapped by Delft University. Results of simulation are of significant importance for southern Brazil hydrocarbon fields which have reserves in similar carbonate formations. This research was focused on geometric properties of fracture networks; further investigation of physical properties of fractures and integration with well and seismic data is essential for accurate properties prediction of fields from southern Brazil.
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Airborne Electromagnetic Near Surface Investigations – Fort McMurray, Alberta
Authors A. Prikhodko, T. Eadie and C. IzarraOnshore Oil and Gas geophysical exploration programs lack a timely, cost-effective solution to map the first 50 to 100m of geology. Filling in this gap of knowledge by accurately mapping the near-surface geology is beneficial to reduce risks associated with the exploration and production of Oil and Gas. Conventional seismics cannot resolve it due to wave energy dispersion in the top unconsolidated sediments and the use of large source-receiver offsets. In fact, the first decametres of geology usually comprises of an irregular and laterally-varying low velocity zone or localized structural complexity that poses tremendous challenge during seismic processing by significantly deteriorating the signal-to-noise ratio and inhibiting the proper imaging of deep seated geological targets. Through continuous innovation, airborne time-domain electromagnetic systems have expanded their ability to map geology from the surface to depths of hundreds of metres. With the introduction of Full Waveform technology, VTEM pushes the limits of airborne TDEM’s ability to map near-surface geological features. This paper highlights VTEM’s ability to accurately map the near-surface geology, using a dataset collected near Fort McMurray, Alberta, in the Aspen Block for Imperial Oil.
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Statistical Approach to Seismic Deghosting
Authors M.S. Denisov and A.E. FirsovGhost reflections occur in the process of seismic data recording. The ghost wave is a noise event and should be eliminated while data processing. A method to attenuate the ghost reflection is presented. It allows both the source- and receiver- side deghosting. An estimator of the reflection coefficient and ghost time delay is incorporated into the optimization scheme.
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Integration of the Reflected and Diffracted Waves to Increase the Reliability of Predict Fractured-Porous Reservoirs
Authors A.N. Inozemtsev and A.S. SorokinThe traditional wide-azimuth seismic surveys with small offsets provide irregular depth illumination of the object and from the specular-reflected waves and by the use of diffracted waves, making it very difficult to share when their drill oil and gas reservoirs. Modern full-azimuth survey with large offsets (up to 5-10 km and more) with high expansion and a relatively uniform distribution of the deletions provide unique opportunities for sharing the information obtained from the mirror-reflected and diffracted waves at their integral interpretation for the study and mapping of fractured -porous collectors. The report shows the possibilities of interconnecting the mirror-reflected and diffracted waves according to the full-azimuth seismic data to improve the reliability and detail mapping of fractured-porous hydrocarbon reservoirs. The examples of the effectiveness of this technology in certain fields of the CIS
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Depth Velocity Model Building with Compensation of Near Surface Heterogeneities
Authors E.L. Svistova, A.A. Shevchenko, E.K. Korolev and A.E. KorolevThe central point of the modern seismic technology is the velocity model construction and obtaining the trustful depth image. There are different approaches and ways of compensation of subsurface heterogeneities. However, the problem includes not only compensation of the influence of the complex subsurface structure but also for the influence of the elevation surface. In case of complex elevation that varies greatly it is important to have a reliable technique of compensation for its influence on kinematical parameters of seismic data. The new technique of the subsurface heterogeneities compensation in seismic data is offered in this paper. The method is based on the refracted wave modelling and tomography. It allows involving into the correction the surface geometry variations.
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Low Frequency Seismic Spectrum Restoration in Case of Complex Seismogeological Environment
More LessAuthor of this paperwork describes a new technology of seismic signal restoration in low frequency band in case of complex seismogeological environment when traditional methods of compensation seismic spectrum lack in low frequencies are not implemented. Technology based on geological environment non-linear effects analysis of conventional seismic band data. Low frequency data restoration algorithm based on wavefield analysis independently from horizons structure as an alternative of well logs interpolation procedure.
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Marine Seismic Data Preprocessing for the Field Acquisition Distortions Compensation
Authors A.A. Shevchenko, A.E. Bronskiy, B.S. Esinov, A.V. Grobushkin, A.E. Korolev and S.A. PolyanovTime Lapse seismic survey is based on the precisely data observation. All differences in observation system have to be removing from the data in the processing stage. For the marine observation most essential data distortion caused by the different trajectory and motion speed of the sea boat. Dual surveys binning are needed for the similar position traces take into account in processing and data CDP staking. Our goal is to compare different ways for the data preprocessing and motion data distortions compensation.
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Complete Wavefield Imaging for Lithology and Fluid Prediction in the Barents Sea
Authors G. Rønholt, Ø. Korsmo, S. Naumann, S. Marinets, E. Brenne and M.F. AbbasiIn the shallow water environment found in parts of the Barents Sea, conventional imaging struggles to provide good imaging of the near surface. This is due to the lack of near offsets (angles) in typical marine seismic data, caused by the large minimum distance between the source and receivers. Here, we present a method that uses separated (up- and down-going) wavefields provided by dual-sensor streamer technology to construct images and image gathers that span a complete range of incidence angles. In this method, each receiver is also used as a virtual source, hence providing a dataset that has complete coverage of zero- and near-offsets everywhere under the seismic spread. In particular, this provides near-angles for shallow targets that are not sampled by primaries, enabling amplitude versus angle (AVA) analysis to be carried out. The AVA results can be used as a direct hydrocarbon
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Filtering of seismograms, for and against
Authors V.M. Vingalov, S.V. Lagushov, A.A. Arjilowsky and R.V. GritsenkoThere are lot of noise waves and background noise suppression procedures common in seismic CDP data processes these days. Many of these procedures are necessary, like surface waves, ringing wave and post-stack data noise suppression. But there are also a lot of well-spread unnecessary procedures, like multichannel filters for additional suppression of seismic noise and linear disturbances in seismic record. This report compares results of common noise suppression with distortion of amplitude characteristics of a seismic record caused by additional filtration exemplified in 3D data of one of West Siberian fields
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Geological Medium Induced Polarization as an Electromagnetic Phenomenon
Authors F.M. Kamenetsky, G.M. Trigubovich and A.V. ChernyshevIs the electromagnetic field theory that is borrowed from physics and based on the assumption of «pure substance» properties (independent of time and frequency), which is still widely used in geophysics, adequate to a real geological medium? It is shown that a more general phenomenological theory of the electromagnetic field is required, and the theory that is still in use is the simplest approximation of such a general theory. Inversion of data for a polarized medium without accounting for polarization leads to significant errors even when the presence of a polarization part in the signal is not identified. The induction and polarization fields are additive in the near zone (late stage) and exhibit different dependences on the size and configuration of the transmitter-receiver assembly. These features make it possible to separate these fields using the results of measurements acquired with assemblies of various sizes and/or configurations. These possibilities are illustrated by using the results of experimental studies.
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Some Results of Magnetic and Geochemical Work in Order to Search for Hydrocarbons (South of West Siberia)
Authors A.N. Orekhov and I.S. SobolevThe results of the use of complex non-seismic methods for the study of hydrocarbon deposits (including non-traditional) in the south of Western Siberia. As the complex itself, and methodological approaches to its field implementation and interpretation of the data we were formulated based on analysis of generalized physical-geological model of the object searches. Are some examples of field work performed.
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Geological Interpretation of MT Data in Combination with GIS Data and Seismic Surveys in Caspian Depression in Kazakhstan
Authors G.K. Umirova, S.A. Istekova and I.N. ModinOn the basis of processing and interpretation of data MTS (magnetotelluric sounding) the digital geoelectric model of the Karaton-Sarkamys block located in the southern Kazakhstan part of Caspian Depression is created. Geoelectric cuts and structural cards are constructed on various geoelectric horizons. Possibility of effective application of MT-sounding in a complex with data of seismic exploration and well logging for receiving additional information on lithologic and collection properties of oil and gas complexes of the area of researches is shown
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Wavefield Transformation of Transient Electromagnetic Induction Soundings Data
Authors G.A. Gretskov, M.I. Epov and E.Y. AntonovThe report is devoted to the development of the algorithms and programs to perform wavefield transformation (Q-transform) of quasi-stationary TEM responses. Two different ways of implemetation of Q-transform are shown, first is based on singular value decomposition and latter - on Tikhonov regularization method. Results of different Q-transformations for horizontally-layered, polarized and quasi-3D geoelectrical models are provided.
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Induction Component Separation from TEM Data: Theory and Experiments
Authors F. Kamenetsky, G. Trigubovich, A. Chernyshev and A. KuklinInduction and polarization fields are additive in the near-zone of the transmitter and its dependence from dimension and/or configuration of transmitter-receiver system is different. This allow to separate induction and polarization fields using the results of transient soundings with different transmitter-receiver system. The examples of induction and polarization fields separation in polymetallic ores exploration are introduced.
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Background and Results of Adaptive Tem at Geoelectric Forecast in Eastern Siberia
Authors A.A. Belaya, G.M. Trigubovich, A.V. Chernyshev, N.V. Simankovich and E.N. MakhnachIn conditions of high contrast inhomogeneous upper part of the section when using TEM to obtain a reliable forecast for the target horizon, the reliable results can be achieved with areal-profile surveying system. It allows to consider the influence of heterogeneity of the host geological medium very correct and sufficiently complete. it is reasonable to use an adaptive variant of a distributed surveying system when conducting ordinary combined CDP and TEM survey on a regional profiles. For this purpose we developed a special procedure for estimating the dimension of the medium while doing research in the field. It also allows to control the "side" effects of objects in upper part of the section and take them into account when predicting the target horizons. The paper discusses the results of the adaptive TEM survey on the example of the geophysical survey at Chaykinskaya area. Interpretation errors, caused by insufficiently dense surveying system, have been demonstrated.
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Some Aspects of Research of a Natural Pulse Electromagnetic Field of Earth
Authors M.E. Dolgy and S.G. KataevThere is a set of the processes leading to emergence of a natural pulse electromagnetic field of Earth. Analysis of these signals are able to afford to gain an impression about the course of these or those processes. The main difficulty consists that sensors accept a total signal and to allocate from it a contribution of concrete process – extraordinary complex problem. The solution of this problem demands to be able to solve the following problem: to find information signs of concrete process in a signal taking into account its localization in space, intensity and time of action. We offer the approach including along with the analysis of time series of signals and research of the general thermodynamic model. The main goal – to carry out selection of deposits from various sources on the basis of transition from signal parameters (amplitude and number of impulses) to a "energy" scale. Introduction of a energy scale of a signal gives the chance to compare with each other the weight of various processes in a total signal. In work some primary results of this approach are presented. In particular, correlation between moisture content of a near-surface layer and intensity of the measured signal is shown.
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Design and Construction of a High Pressure and High Temperature Apparatus for Measuring Rock Thermal Conductivity
Authors A. Aryanzadeh, S.M. Alavi, A. Soleymanzadeh and M. YousefiSeveral thermal processes have been applied to enhance heavy oil reservoirs recovery. Despite the differences, all the methods are similar in developing a high temperature fluid front in porous media which will travel forward by conduction and convection mechanisms. Therefore it is essential to know thermal conductivity of rocks at reservoir condition in order to improve the results of modeling heat transfer through the formation. Several methods have been proposed to measure rock thermal conductivity. They can be categorized as transient and steady state. Although transient method is faster, the results are representative of only a few millimeters around the probe. Steady state method is more reliable and the results could be absolute or comparative, but it is time consuming and some operational difficulties are also involved. In this work, an altered steady state apparatus which overcomes the obstacles in other devices, has been designed and constructed for measuring rock thermal conductivity. Current devices have serious problems on simulating reservoir thermobaric conditions and desired fluid saturations. The new apparatus works at reservoir conditions and investigate the effect of different fluids saturation. It also reduces the effect of significant heat loss, during the long period of steady state method.
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Using the Profilograf in the Study of Thin-Layers Sections of Sedimentary Rocks
By M.Y. ZubkovTo study the thin-layers cross-sections of sedimentary rocks is proposed to use a method mikroprofilirovaning accurately allocate different lithological types of rocks in the composition of core samples and carry out the assessment of linear geological reserves in the investigated with its help intervals.
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Fluid Substitution Problem for Thermal Conductivity of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Based on Rock Physics Methods
Authors T.R. Yalaev, I.O. Bayuk and E.Y. PopovThermal conductivity of rocks is used in different specialized area of prospecting geophysics. This is a key parameter of basin modelling, it is used while developing of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. Several experimental methods exist to measure thermal conductivity: optical scanning technique, TPS etc. However it is a bit technical challenge to make measurements of rock saturated with high viscous fluid. Sometimes in case of weak consolidated rock it is impossible to keep a sample while saturation. This forces us to solve the fluid substitution problem for this thermal property. In this study we develop EMT-based models of carbonate and terrigenuos rocks and apply them to solve the fluid substitution problem. Specifically, we predict the thermal conductivity of oil-saturated rocks using data on thermal conductivity obtained for dry and water-saturated rocks. The predicted values are tested on experimental data obtained with the optical scanning method. We compare our results with other well known theoretical approaches (Lichtenecker and Roy-Adler formulae).
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