- Home
- Conferences
- Conference Proceedings
- Conferences
Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2019 15th Conference and Exhibition
- Conference date: April 22-26, 2019
- Location: Gelendzhik, Russia
- Published: 16 April 2019
21 - 40 of 110 results
-
-
Application of Electrical Sounding with Capacitive Electrodes for Investigations of St. Petersburg Embankments Soils
More LessSummaryThe article describes the features of the engineering-geological structure of soils at the base of the stone embankments of St. Petersburg and the design of embankments. The description of the main defects arising during the operation of embankments is given. The background of the application and examples of solving specific problems using the electrical sounding with capacitive electrodes are described. The spatial correlation of electrical resistance anomalies with local areas of embankment defects is revealed and possible causes of their occurrence are considered.
-
-
-
Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Soils on A Landslide Slope According to Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Cone Penetration Test
Authors V.V. Olenchenko, P.S. Osipova, I.S. Sokolov and N.G. VolkovSummaryElectrical resistivity tomography and cone penetration test were carried out on the slope of the M–7 Volga highway. The main goal of the research is to localize areas of increased landslide hazard. Electrical resistivity and the mechanical properties of soils depend on their moisture content, lithological composition and porosity. This made it possible to determine the correlation links between the electrical resistivity and the mechanical parameters of the soil, to predict the deformative and strength characteristics of the soil. Soils with abnormally low resistivity have low values of drag under the cone and friction of the side surface of the probe. They correspond to areas of potential landslide formation.
-
-
-
The Application of Ground Penetrating Radar (Gpr) at the Interpretation of Engineering Survey Data of the Past Years: Massive Ice Beds or Ice Wedges?
Authors O.D. Tregubov, N.A. Nuteveket and K.K. UyaganskySummaryThe report discusses techniques and methods for assessing the reliability of the results of engineering surveys in the cryolithozone in 1950–1980s. It is noteworthy that for the studies of the past years in Chukotka region, the model of interlaid massive ice beds hosted by marine and glacial-marine sediments was decisive in profiling the upper layers of permafrost. Widespread continental deposits and ice wedges distribution were ignored in the region. The example of the modern facility construction demonstrates the feasibility of paleogeography analysis and GPR methods application in determining the conditions of formation and bedding of ground ice bodies. According to the results of GPR profiling with frequencies of 90 and 400 MHz, geological and geophysical sections and a plan with polygons of buried wedge ice were compiled. The results of the radargram interpretation are confirmed by well drilling.
-
-
-
Integration of Methods of Electrical Exploration and Geomechanics for the Selection of Places for Laying of Hydrogeological Wells
Authors S.N. Tagiltsev, A.V. Cherednichenko, V.S. Tagiltsev and S.V. SurganovSummaryUnder the conditions of the mountain-folded regions, the water-bearing zones in the rock massifs are associated with tectonic disturbances. To identify promising faults and their detailing for the purposes of water supply, electrical survey methods are used quite effectively. When selecting promising sites for water supply wells in rocky arrays, application of search techniques of hydrogeomechanics gives good results. The use of geomechanics greatly simplifies, speeds up and cheapens the selection of promising areas for the targeted implementation of geophysical work and the drilling of hydrogeological wells. Using the example of a search for groundwater located in the Southern Urals, it is shown that the method of hydro-mechanical interpretation of cartographic materials allows us to formulate the content of the questions that geophysical studies should solve. The complex application of hydrogeomechanics and electrical exploration allows to significantly increase the efficiency of hydrogeological works and reduce economic costs at all stages of geological exploration.
-
-
-
About the Possibilities of Using Layer-By-Section Cuts During Areal Sounding to Achieve Geological Results
Authors V.L. Lukhmanov and A.V. MuslimovSummaryThe standard processing of electrical survey data includes the construction of graphs and geoelectric sections, maps, graphs and plans of isolines. Often, when arealized using electrical sounding methods using a regular or relatively regular network of profiles, the visualization of the data obtained is limited to building geoelectric sections along profile lines and such processing is usually sufficient for geological and geophysical interpretation of data However, when using another visualization method - building layer-by-section sections (horizontal plans of specific electrical resistances), additional possibilities are revealed for the geological interpretation of materials, and in some cases, the only option for obtaining a visual result. Our experience shows that these processing methods have proven themselves in solving engineering and geological problems and, in particular, to isolate filtration flows in difficult geoelectric conditions.
-
-
-
Parametric Decoding and Approximated Estimations in Engineering Geophysics with the Localization of Seismic Risk Zones on the Example of Northern Part of Kola Peninsula
Authors I.B. Movchan, A.A. Yakovleva and S.M. DanilievSummarySeismic risk zones mapping is one of problem of seismic microzoning, which is used in primary estimation of stability of mountain range under planning of development. This procedure is regulated by normative documents, according to which the maps of general seismic zoning, elastic impedance method and evaluation of resonance responses are applied. At the same time, the normative approach gives generalized results and does not solve the problem of choosing particular areas that provide the most stability of engineering structures. This article reflects the variants of solution of mentioned problem based on parametric location of geodynamic zones, association of their discordant intersections with the areas of seismic risk and improving the accuracy of seismic microzoning using approximated estimations. Under conditions of limited ground-based measurements using shallow seismic survey and electro-tomography, additional data are represented by remote sensing materials, digital model of Earth relief, and core sampling results.
-
-
-
About Connection of Elastic and Electrical Characteristics of Near-Surface for Seismic Prospecting Cdp
Authors Y.Y. Dmitriev, I.A. Gots, G.M. Trigubovich, I.A. Batmanov and S.M. RyaboshapkoSummaryThe traditional method for studying high-speed characteristics of near-surface and determining the optimal excitation conditions (charge depth and weight of the charge) is up-hole velocity survey method, performed on a very rare network (one well per 1–4 sq.km). Attempts of a more detailed near-surface investigation using the methods of seismic exploration — seismic refraction and micro-reflection methods— were not widely developed due to low productivity and high cost.
-
-
-
Landslides Within River Valleys in the Southern Part Predportoviy Lowlands in Conditions of Intensive Development
Authors G.B. Pospehov and A.A. GoloborodkoSummaryIn Saint-Petersburg and its suburbs the construction of buildings and structures for various purposes are actively developing. Therefore in the southern suburbs of St. Petersburg near-slope sections of river valleys, which geologically relate to the southern part of the Pre-glint lowland, are being actively exposed. Often at the time of engineering surveys on the proposed construction sites there are no landslide processes, however, the start of work leads to a change in the stress state of the rock mass and the formation of landslide deformations. The development of landslide processes in these areas is determined by such factors as climate (seasonal wetting of soils), relief (presence of pronounced river valleys), soils (shallow occurrence of the Lower Cambrian blue clay of the decompression zone), groundwater (alternation of affluent and free state of soils) and technological impact (road, civil and industrial buildings). According to the analysis of the geotechnical conditions of the territory and the data obtained from field and laboratory research, the activity of the landslide processes on the river valleys of the southern part of the Pre-Glint lowland is directly determined primarily by the nature and amplitude of seasonal and long-term fluctuations in the wetting of the Lower Cambrian clays.
-
-
-
Complex Electrical Conductivity of Kimberlites: First Results of Lab Investigations
Authors K.V. Titov, V.I. Emelyanov and A. RevilSummaryKimberlites are of interest for geologists because they present important sources of diamonds. Electrical methods usually provide useful information to delineate kimberlite pipes, which typically show small apparent resistivity values. However, to the best of our knowledge, nobody studied, why intrusive rock like kimberlite is a good electrical conductor. We carried out multi-salinity experiments with kimberlite sample (autholitic breccia) taken in Arkhangelsk region (Deposit Lomonosova). We saturated sample with 9 brines of different electrical conductivity values (from 0.01 to 2.68 Sm-1), and we measured its complex electrical conductivity with SIP FUSCH III instrument in the frequency range from 1.4 mHz to 20 kHz. At the brine electrical conductivity range below 0.16 Sm-1 , we found the real part of the bulk electrical conductivity to be larger than that of the brine. Within the studied brine electrical conductivity range, the quadrature conductivity at 1.46 Hz varies in the range from 3 to 5 mSm-1, which values are larger than that typically obtained for e.g., volcanic rocks and sandstones. We attribute this behavior of the complex conductivity to the surface conductivity occurring within the electrical double layer coating the interface between the solid and liquid phases.
-
-
-
Integrated Geophysical Studies for the Establishment of the 3D Model of the Chersonesus Necropolis
SummaryThe work is devoted to geophysical research of archaeological sites in order to optimize time-consuming and costly archaeological excavations. The main purpose of geophysical work is to identify the layout and degree of preservation of the remnants of buildings and craft workshops, as well as defining the boundaries of the cultural layer. The implementation of this complex methodology of archaeological work is planned at the Chersonesus Necropolis, located near Quarantine Bay. An optimal methodology for the integration of shallow electrical prospecting methods for the localization of burial structures, taking into account the peculiarities of the geological structure of the rocky necropolis massif, has been developed. The implementation of the experimental methodological stage of work allowed to justify the feasibility of further geophysical studies to determine the boundaries of the monument of the archaeological heritage "Necropolis at Quarantine Bay".
-
-
-
Calculation and Evaluation of the Dynamic Physical and Mechanical Properties of the Section According to Seismic Cdp and Vsp for Design and Construction Tasks
Authors K.S. Sergeev, B.B. Romanov, V.I. Ryzhkov and A.D. GorinSummaryThe report describes the characteristic features of engineering seismic exploration from the surface and in wells. Examples of data processing are given, and also examples of calculations of physicomechanical rocks are given.
-
-
-
The Deformation Characteristics Prediction of Clay Soils by Seismic Acoustic Methods
Authors V.A. Bereznev and V.V. NikiforovSummaryThe article is devoted to the possibilities of predicting the deformation characteristics of the soil by indirect methods, namely, based on the analysis of changes in the velocities of elastic waves in the upper part of the section. This article discusses the possibility of determining the modulus of deformation by seismoacoustic methods and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of this practice.
-
-
-
Induced Polarization of Anisotropic Models with Metallic Particles
Authors G.V. Gurin, Y.T. Ilyin and K.V. TitovSummaryInduced polarization of anisotropic models with metallic particles G. Gurin*(SPbSU, “NPP VIRG-Rudgeofizik” Ltd.), Yu. Ilyin (SPbSU), and K. Titov (SPbSU) Summary We studied an effect of anisotropy of induced polarization parameters (the total chargeability and the relaxation time) with 22 synthetic models containing rounded, rod-like, and plate-like electronically conducting and semiconducting particles. We carried out the measurements in time domain with a commercial AIE-2 instrument and a low-current laboratory transmitter with various direction of the polarizing field relative to the model anisotropy axis. We found the total chargeability of the models contained rod-like particles strongly depended on their size and direction of the polarizing field. In contrast, for the models contained plate-like particles these dependences are week. These relationships can be described with a modified Maxwell-Garnett equation. We found the relaxation time of the anisotropic models depended on the model composition, the pore water electrical conductivity and the half of the particle great axis. In addition, the relaxation time weakly depended on the direction of polarizing field relative to the direction of anisotropy of the models.
-
-
-
Experience of Application the Frequency Electromagnetic Soundings for Exploration of Salt Deposit in Perm Region
Authors A. Shlykov, A. Simakov and V. IgnatevSummaryIn the abstracts we described the approach to fulfil CSAMT soundings and data processing in frequency range 16- 45000 Hz using newly developed broad band electromagnetic receiver ARMT-5 for study the geological structure of salt deposit in Perm region, Russia. We discussed main features of new equipment including portable inductive magnetic sensors, general CSAMT processing framework, static shift problem and inversion results. Analysis of equivalency of obtained models and comparison inversion results with borehole data allows to conclude that applied methodology allows to map the resistive salt layer and conductive thin layer of ground water with high mineralization above the salt layer and conductive zone below the salt layer. Applied frequency range of CSAMT data in this case had the depth of investigation up to 250–400 m.
-
-
-
Complex Geophysical Survey of the Quaternary Loams in the North-West Part of the Moscow Region
Authors M. Kalinina, V. Romanov, A. Shmatkova and A. PosereninSummaryThe north-western area of the Moscow region is located in the central part of the Moscow syneclise, on the southern slope of the Klin-Dmitrov ridge. Quaternary glacial loams dominates in the upper part of the geological section. Hydrogeologically, the Moscow region belongs to the Moscow artesian basin. Upper water supply, groundwater and aquifers are widely developed at the depths of 5–15 m. The authors set the following geological and hydrological objectives: clarifying the geological structure of the upper part of geological section, groundwater level mapping, evaluation of geophysical and soil properties. Glacial deposits are significantly different from host rocks in terms of density, electrical resistivity and elastic waves velocity, so the following geophysical methods were selected for their study: seismic prospecting, electrical exploration and radiometry. As a result of the study, a physical-geological model was constructed with refractive and geoelectric boundaries, which are compared with the roofs of uneven-aged moraine loams.
-
-
-
Perspective Electrical Exploration the Dams of Gypsum Accumulator in the Framework for Geotechnical Monitoring
Authors S.M. Daniliev and N.A. DanilievaSummaryThe dams of the gypsum accumulator are complex technogenic objects that require regular geotechnical monitoring to determine the zones of development potential landslide processes, physical and mechanical properties, levels of technogenic aquifers, groundwater dynamics, etc. Along with the classical methods of geotechnical control, it is advisable to introduce into the complex of monitoring studies to the dams of the gypsum accumulator and electrical exploration. Electrophysical properties directly depend on the moisture content of phosphogypsum and mineralization, which allows to identify dry and water-saturated zones in the body of dams, as well as to identify the intervals of increased mineralization. Geophysical monitoring can predict areas of potential landslide development and take timely measures to prevent accidents.
-
-
-
Formalized Inversion of Geophysical Data Using Neural Network Technologies with Application to the Tasks of Geoelectrics and Gravimetry
Authors M.I. Shimelevich, E.A. Obornev, I.E. Obornev, E.A. Rodionov and D.A. LyakhovetsSummaryThe approximation neural network (ANN) method for solving conditionally well-posed nonlinear inverse problems of geophysics is presented. The method is based on the neural network approximation of the inverse operator. The ANN method and its modifications make it possible to find stable approximate solutions of 2D and 3D inverse coefficient problems of geoelectrics in the class of grid models of media on a regularized parameterization grid with a practically acceptable accuracy without setting the first approximation. Estimates of the ambiguity degree (error), which do not depend on the inversion method applied, can be calculated for resulting approximate solutions of the inverse problem. The a posteriori estimates of the degree of ambiguity of the approximated solutions are calculated. The work of the method is illustrated by the example of the 3D inversion of synthesized area data and 2D real geoelectric data by the method MTS. It is shown that it is possible in principle to use the ANN method for solving solving conditionally well-posed nonlinear 3D gravity inverse problems (determining the geometry of the lower boundary).
-
-
-
Engineering Magnetic Survey for the Study of Underground Infrastructure of Urbanized Areas
Authors P.N. Novikova and A.S. DolgalSummaryThe application of the engineering magnetic survey for the underground technical objects detection is considered. The advantages of the presented method over the GPR and route finder technologies are discussed. Practical examples of the use of engineering magnetic surveys to public sewer localization and search for visually undetected abandoned wells under conditions of industrial noise are given.
-
-
-
Integration of Seismic Data and Ert
Authors K.S. Sergeev, А.А. Bobachev, A.V. Belousov and A.D. GorinSummaryThe report provides examples of effective integration of seismic data and electrical tomography in order to increase the reliability of the geophysical forecast and build the correct model of the environment.
-
-
-
Application of Shallow-Depth Geophysics Methods in Studies of the Gnezdovo Archaeological Complex on the Example of Excavations of the Central Settlement
Authors V.V. Novikov, S.U. Kainov, K.S. Sergeev and A.V. TureninaSummaryThe report presents the results of the application of shallow geophysics methods in archeology. Examples are given of successful application of a complex of methods in the study of a settlement and burial mounds.
-